Role Of Mineral Elements Research Articles

Role of mineral elements in the nutrition of garden strawberry plants

Relevance. The increase in global production of garden strawberry fruit is due to the high demand for the products for fresh consumption and as raw material for processing. The leading countries are: PRC, USA, Turkey, Egypt, Mexico, Spain, Russia, Poland, South Korea, Brazil. Increase in production volumes is provided due to high productivity of new varieties and intensification of strawberry cultivation technologies and, in particular, plant nutrition. The possibility of managing the nutrition of garden strawberry plants is one of the priority tasks from the solution of which depends on the realization of the potential of plant productivity, as well as the quality of the resulting products The role of many macroand microelements in plant nutrition is not fully understood. Numerous studies are conducted to identify the mechanisms of their absorption and movement in strawberry plants. New forms of fertilizers are being studied, allowing to effectively influence the processes of growth and development of plants, minimize the impact on the environment.Results. The article is devoted to the review of the role of the main mineral macroand microelements in plant nutrition, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, silicon, molybdenum. Based on the analysis of literary sources, the influence of certain mineral elements on physiological processes associated with the growth and development of garden strawberries is considered. The data on reaction of plants to the optimal content, excess and deficiency of certain elements, possibilities of their receipt and assimilation by plants of garden strawberries are given. Application in practice of the world experience on management of mineral nutrition can significantly improve the existing technologies of strawberry cultivation in open and protected ground.

Harmful Impact of Synthetic Fertilizers on Growing Agriculture and Environment

Soil provides essential environmental benefits for life as well as crucial for nutrition and survival of plants. Management of soil health is a critical practice for the preservation of biodiversity and to ensure long-term agricultural production. Scientific management of soil health is an important step for ecosystem sustainability. Some of the important factors like physicochemical and biological parameters that influence soil health. Fertilizers are heavily used in modern farming practices to control unavoidable challenges being faced in Agriculture. Nonetheless, they remain critical tools for global food safety. Sustainable agriculture practices have been used on a global scale by reducing the negative consequences of chemical fertilizers because they drop in soil organic content as well as decline soil quality. They also harden soil, reducing soil fertility, depleting vital soil mineral nutrients, polluting air, water and soil all of which poses serious environmental hazard. Microbial activity in the cropping system has become low due to the application of chemical fertilizers alone. Regular application of chemical fertilizers can alter soil pH, increase resistance in pests, acidification of soil crust resulting in decreased organic matter and stunted plant growth. Hence, Long-term persistence of chemical fertilizers in the soil harms the biodiversity of soil. Present review paper deals with functioning and role of mineral elements in plant growth and development. Various types of organic and synthetic fertilizers are involved in fulfillment of basic needs of plants. Soil with poor nutrient content needs different types of fertilizers for regulation of physiochemical cycle of plants. The literature reviewed information suggested that our agriculture sector has not been dependent on synthetic fertilizers for plant growth and development i.e., directly linked with the crop productivity at industrial level. Chemicals associated synthetic fertilizers have been harmful for plant health and this will lead to drastic health damaging effect on new generations. In this way we again need to focus on development of natural fertilizers with their environmentally friendly inputs and health promoting activity.

Inherent Minerals Facilitated Bisphenol A Sorption by Biochar: A Key Force by Complexation

Biochar is a multiphase carbonaceous structure with inherent minerals. The role of minerals in organic sorption is essential for biochar application in environmental remediation. In this work, combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, the composition of minerals and the sorption behavior of bisphenol A (BPA) were investigated. A demineralization treatment was applied to remove surface minerals containing silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), and calcium (Ca) elements, resulting in the exposure of micropores in aromatic carbon. These minerals could serve as vital sites to facilitate BPA sorption due to the complexation mechanism. The role of mineral elements in enhanced sorption could be in the sequence of Al mineral > Ca mineral > no mineral. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation confirmed the occurrence of complexation between minerals and BPA as evidenced by sorption energy. After demineralization, declined release ratio (RR) values implied that adsorbed BPA on demineralized biochars was more difficult to desorb than on original biochars owing to the restriction of micropores. The enhanced energy gap also verified that BPA molecules were more stable on demineralized biochars. This research casts new light on recognizing biochar minerals in relation to their underlying sorption mechanism for phenolic compounds.

Role of Mineral Elements to Induce the Resistance of Arabica Coffee Against Rust Disease at Lowland Area

Lowland arabica coffee can be affected by leaf rust and its decrease the coffee production up to 80%. The resistance level of the plant can be determined by the content of cellulose, lignin, calcium pectate, and polyphenols in leaf tissue. Many publications reported that the mineral element could increase the content of the metabolites. This study aimed to determine the effect of Si, B, I, Ca, and K on the incidence of leaf rust attack. The experiment was carried out at 400 m a.s.l. in 2018. The experimental subjects were KT variety, which was six years old. The experiment used a randomized block design with seven treatments. The results showed that there were 1) decrease the number of leaves affected by rust between first and second observation, and 2) compared to controls, all treatments has decreased the incidence of attacks leaf rust disease. Conclusion: There is a tendency of differences in the incidence rate of attack of leaf rust disease in each treatment. Control plants showed the highest incidence rate of 1.25%, while the lowest incidence was affected by Silica, iodine, and potassium, which were 0.63%. The treatment of silica and iodine was able to reduce the highest number of colonies Leaf Rust.

Роль минеральных элементов в регуляции процессов свободнорадикального окисления на фоне применения препаратов витамина А и бета-каротина

Роль минеральных элементов в регуляции процессов свободнорадикального окисления на фоне применения препаратов витамина А и бета-каротина

Alterations of mineral elements in osteoblast during differentiation under hypo, moderate and high static magnetic fields.

Static magnetic fields (SMFs) can enhance the ability of bone formation by osteoblast and is a potential physical therapy to bone disorders and the maintenance of bone health. But, the mechanism is not clear yet. Certain mineral elements including macro and trace elements are essential for normal bone metabolism. Deficiency of these elements can cause severe bone disorders including osteoporosis. However, there are few reports regarding the role of mineral elements in the regulation of bone formation under SMFs. In this study, hypomagnetic field (HyMF) of 500 nT, moderate SMF (MMF) of 0.2 T, and high SMF (HiMF) of 16 T were used to investigate the effects of SMFs on mineral element (calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, and zinc) alteration of MC3T3-E1 cells during osteoblast mineralization. The results showed that osteoblasts in differentiation accumulated more mineral elements than non-differentiated cell cultures. Furthermore, HyMF reduced osteoblast differentiation but did not affect mineral elements levels compared with control of geomagnetic field. MMF decreased osteoblast differentiation with elevated iron content. HiMF enhanced osteoblast differentiation and increased all the mineral contents except copper. It is suggested that the altered potential of osteoblast differentiation under SMFs may partially due to the involvement of different mineral elements.

Essential and toxic elements in three Pakistan's medicinal fruits (Punica granatumZiziphus jujuba and Piper cubeba) analysed by INAA

Three important medicinal fruits generally used by the people of Pakistan for the treatment of different diseases have been studied for their mineral contents. Twenty-two major and minor trace elements (essential, toxic and non-essential) were identified in Punica granatum (pomegranate), Ziziphus jujuba (jujube) and Piper cubeba L. (cubeb) by employing instrumental neutron activation analysis technique. The studied medicinal herbs are a good source of the essential elements while toxic elements are found in trace amounts. K is detected as a major element in pomegranate, jujube and cubeb with respective values of 1.20%, 1.18% and 2.01%. Pomegranate has significant concentrations of Na, Zn, Cr and Se; jujube has high Cl, Zn, Mn and Co contents while cubeb is a good source of K and Fe. The baseline data presented in this work can be used in understanding the role of mineral elements in nutritive, preventive and therapeutic properties of medicinal herbs.

Biochemical factors involved in the resistance of some smoked tropical fish samples to insect attack

The role of mineral elements (ppm), protein and oil content (%), and saponification and free fatty acid values in contributing to resistance against insect infestation was investigated in 4 fish species: Clarias gariepinus, Parachuma obscura, Hydrocynus sp., and Malapterus electricus. Smoked fish samples were purchased from a local market in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, packaged, and maintained at 4 ^°C for 7 days. They were later brought out to acclimatise, and then observed for 4 months for possible natural insect infestation. Next, crushed samples of each species were analysed using conventional chemical analysis in order to assess the role of some elements and biochemical compounds in inducing resistance. The results showed that insect infestation did not occur after the period of storage (4 months) and chemical analysis showed that 3 samples lacked lead (Pb), a heavy metal not required in trace amounts, but contained other heavy metals required in trace amounts, such as Fe, Mn, Co, and Cu. Protein content in the 4 samples was average (50%), but oil content was low. Hydrocynus sp. and Malapterus electricus had an acid value below 50 mg KOH/g. Additionally, all the samples had high a saponification value (above 500 mL/g). The presence of iron (>=1.5), high protein (%) and saponification values, low oil content, and low acid values of between 35 and 90 were the elements and biochemical constituents that prolonged the shelf life of the fish species studied.

Potassium in Floriculture Crops Nutrition

Abstract The review by Evans and Sorger (6) on “The Role of Mineral Elements with Emphasis on the Univalent Cations” as found in the 1966 Annual Review of Plant Physiology Volume 17 is principally concerned with other than floriculture crops. However, the K nutritional requirements of floriculture crops are so similar to those of vegetables that the review can stand for both.

Role of Mineral Elements with Emphasis on the Univalent Cations

Of the many inorganic elements that higher plants absorb in ionic form from the soil or aquatic environment, only a relatively few are known to be indispensible for metabolic processes. The essential macronutrient elements other than C, H, and 0 include N, P, K, S, Ca, and Mg. The concentration of these elements in higher plants is illustrated by analyses of Zea mays showing percentages of 1.45 N, 0.20 P, 0.92 K, 0.17 5, 0.23 Ca, and 0.18 Mg in dry material (159). Another group of mineral elements generally required by plants in small quantities and referred to as micronutrient elements include Fe, Mn, B, Cu, Zn, Cl, and Mo. Several elements are required by some spe­ cies of higher plants and microorganisms but not by others. Cobalt is a micronutrient for some microorganisms and symbionts (71), V is essential for Scenedesmus obliquus (6), Na is needed for certain blue-green algae and halophytes (4, 37, 270), and Si is reported (131) to be indispensable for the growth of diatoms. Although B is generally required for higher plants, it has not been shown to be essential for microorganisms. Even though the micronutrient elements occur in plant tissues at con­ centrations ranging from less than one to a few hundred ppm of dry matter, it seems that more effort has been devoted to the elucidation of the mode of action of these than to some of the macronutrient elements, such as K, that commonly make up 1 to 2 per cent of the dry material of plants. Authors of modern textbooks often state that the specific role of K in plants is unknown. They indicate that K in some way is involved in the unique organization of protoplasm, that it functions in cellular osmotic processes, and is necessary for cell membrane permeability. That univalent cations function as acti­ vators for certain enzymes usually is mentioned, but the impression is left that the importance of these cations in this capacity is questionable. A de­ cision was made by the writers, therefore, to first survey briefly the status of our knowledge of the roles of the essential mineral elements other than uni­ valent cations, referring for the most part to the pertinent recent reviews. The remainder and major portion of this review will deal with the role of the