Role Of Interpersonal Trust Research Articles

Different roles of interpersonal trust and institutional trust in motivating older adults to receive COVID-19 vaccines in Singapore

Since the approvals of several vaccines against COVID-19 by the World Health Organization, a large body of research has studied the determinants of individuals' intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 in a variety of societies. Vaccine intention is a complex construct rooted in the social context that informs the decision-making process. The underlying reasons for older adults' intention to receive the vaccination is even more important to health authorities in societies with large proportions of older adults. In this paper, we interview 27 women over age 55 in Singapore about their COVID-19 vaccine decision-making. Using a social-ecological framework of trust, we identify factors at both individual and institutional levels that build or undermine trust and underlie older women's decisions to receive COVID-19 vaccinations in an authoritarian regime. Findings show that both interpersonal trust and institutional trust contribute to vaccine uptake, however, trust can also contribute to delays in vaccination. Moreover, a sizable minority of respondents report that they were vaccinated not because of institutional trust, but because they felt compelled to do so. The results shed light on directions for future vaccination campaigns.

The role of interpersonal trust and romantic experiences in mate copying

Mate copying occurs when individuals imitate the mate choice of other same-sex individuals. These effects can be influenced by factors related to the rater and the model. The present study explored the roles of raters' interpersonal trust and models' romantic experiences in the decision-making progress. Study 1 replicated mate copying effects and found the effect of interpersonal trust was nonsignificant. Study 2 further tested the interaction effect among interpersonal trust, model's romantic experiences, and model's mate choice decision. Results showed that change in targets' attractiveness varied with the model's romantic experiences under the model acceptance condition. The attractiveness of targets showed a greater increase when models had one or two romantic experiences than when they had no or multiple romantic experiences. A three-way interaction effect occurred as well. Under the condition of model acceptance, for raters with a low or medium level of interpersonal trust, change in attractiveness increased with the model's romantic experiences and the relationship was non-monotonic. For individuals with high levels of trust, models' romantic experiences did not have any effect. These results reveal that both rater's interpersonal trust and models' romantic experiences matter in individuals' willingness to copy other's mate preference.

Commentary on “Different roles of interpersonal trust and institutional trust in COVID-19 pandemic control”

An increasing number of epidemiologic studies have identified trust as a social determinant of COVID-19 mortality. Trust influences public compliance with policies aimed at containing the pandemic through physical distancing, wearing masks, and vaccine uptake. However, whilst some forms of trust are public assets (e.g., trust in government), others might be liabilities (e.g., trust in close friends and family members). Contributing to this body of work, Lou et al. (2022) examined associations of trust with COVID-19 fatality rates and willingness to get tested for COVID-19. Using correlation analyses, behavioral experiments, and agent-based modeling, they found institutional trust predicted lower COVID-19 fatality rates and greater willingness to get tested. In contrast, interpersonal trust predicted the speed with which COVID-19 was controlled in the early stages of the pandemic and people's willingness to obey norms preventing the spread of the virus (e.g., decreased nonessential outdoor activity). Investigations such as this offer useful knowledge to public health officials on ways to mitigate a pandemic. This commentary examines the pivotal role of social science in pandemic control, which up to now has been underfunded and overshadowed by the race to develop vaccines. We also highlight the importance of theory, particularly in research on trust, to producing evidence that is replicable and meaningful for policy application.

Social Capital and Loan Cost: The Role of Interpersonal Trust

We argue that social dilemmas structured as investment trust games are a dominant feature in social and economic life due to asymmetric information, incomplete contracts and non-overlapping competencies that are typical characteristics of business relationships. We therefore consider that borrowers living in geographical areas with higher interpersonal trust are more likely to overcome the coordination failures typical of this kind of social dilemmas, thereby creating higher economic value and reducing the risk of their economic activity. Our empirical findings support this hypothesis, showing that lenders charge significantly lower loan costs on borrowers living in areas characterized by higher interpersonal trust.

The role of interpersonal trust in cryptocurrency adoption

The role of interpersonal trust in cryptocurrency adoption

Different roles of interpersonal trust and institutional trust in COVID-19 pandemic control

The absence of pharmaceutical interventions made it particularly difficult to mitigate the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The current study investigated how interpersonal trust and institutional trust influenced the control process. Trusts and COVID-19 data in 44 countries and 50 US states were analyzed; institutional trust was associated with case fatality rate, and interpersonal trust was associated with control speed. Two independent behavioral experiments showed that institutional trust manipulation increased participants’ willingness to complete the COVID-19 test and that interpersonal trust manipulation increased conscious compliance with prevention norms and decreased unnecessary outdoor activities. Agent-based modeling further confirmed these behavioral mechanisms for two types of trust in the COVID-19 control process. New interventions are needed to help countries heighten interpersonal and institutional trust as they continue to battle COVID-19 and other collective threats.

‘You can’t be careful enough’: Measuring interpersonal trust during a pandemic

ABSTRACT Empirical results regarding the role of interpersonal trust in the pandemic setting have been inconsistent. We argue that one explanation may be an inherent weakness in the standard measure of generalised trust, requesting respondents to choose between the options ‘most people can be trusted' and ‘you can't be careful enough in dealing with people'. The item measures two inter-related yet separate dimensions - trust and caution. A sense of caution is likely to be activated within the pandemic; some respondents may interpret ‘being careful’ as avoiding infection or spreading the virus. This may lead to 1) exaggerated negative trends in trust after the pandemic outbreak and 2) misrepresentation of the relationship between trust and compliance with guidelines. This is more likely to occur if respondents are primed to think about the pandemic. Analyses of several survey data sets from Norway confirmed that the standard question showed a decline in trust levels after the pandemic outbreak and a weakly negative correlation with social distancing. Alternative operationalisations without reference to caution suggested a small increase in trust and neutral or a weakly positive correlation with social distancing. Our results imply that the standard question should be used with caution in pandemic research.

'A Library of People'

Social media platforms provide access to informational and emotional resources that can enable low-income populations to further their socioeconomic mobility and cope with unexpected life demands. However, lack of both interpersonal trust and a sense of shared identity often prevent low-income individuals from eliciting resources from the diverse networks embedded in these platforms. Building on past research, we investigated factors that facilitated and deterred low-income members of the community-based non-profit organization Family Independence Initiative (FII) from seeking informational and emotional support from other members on the organization's social media platform, UpTogether. We found that despite participants' perceived shared identity, members primarily requested resources from other UpTogether members through offline interactions due to lack of interpersonal trust. We extend existing research on the limitations of shared identity and the role of interpersonal trust and social norms in facilitating resource-seeking interactions among strangers in low-income contexts. We suggest that social media platforms incorporate pseudonymous posting to facilitate relationship development and allow users to disclose their needs without revealing identifying information.

Fake eggs: from counter-qualification to popular certification in China’s food safety crisis

Food safety dominates public discourse about health, life, and the body in China today. But incidents of ‘fake food’—including fake eggs and milk powder—raise new questions about how bodily threats are detected and evaluated, and have undermined trust not only in food, but also in official food regulations and tests. In response, new alternative food movements (including organic farms) are seeking to rebuild trust that food is real, not fake—but refuse to rely on official regulations. Drawing on theoretical literature on counterfeit goods and market devices, this paper examines how alternative food producers in Beijing, China qualify their food as authentic in a context where food fraud is expected. Whereas scholars have previously highlighted the role of interpersonal trust in alternative food markets, I argue that alternative farmers rely more on ‘popular certification’ devices—such as farm visits and taste tests—to materially certify the qualities of their food products. These tests differ from official certification because—rooted in sensory experience rather than instrumental tests—they are knowledge-making devices that are accessible to consumers. Linking agrarian change with the problems of knowledge explored by STS scholars, fake food points toward a renewed political economy of qualities.

Support or Neglect: Is the Effect of Job Autonomy Conditional on Trust Towards the Supervisor?

In job design research, autonomy has generally been portrayed as a predictor of positive attitudinal and behavioral work outcomes. Some studies, however, have indicated that job autonomy under certain condition can yield ambiguous results. We therefore hypothesize that the social context can change employees’ perception of granted autonomy. Using responses from 451 matched pairs of PhD candidates and PhD supervisors, we explored the effect of job autonomy on attitudinal (satisfaction) and behavioral (performance) work outcomes and the role of interpersonal trust in this relation. We found that job autonomy had a positive effect on performance partially mediated by job satisfaction. In addition to that, our results show that this indirect effect is moderated by the level of trust in the supervisor. More specifically, our study suggests job autonomy to be beneficial only if there is a certain level of trust between the supervisor and supervisee.

The mediating effect of trust on the relationship between doctor-patient communication and patients' risk perception during treatment.

Doctor-patient communication interacts with patients' satisfaction to influence patients' risk perception. Current theories to explain this relationship have assumed particular psychological processes to explain observations of risk-sensitive behavior in an economic setting, but as of yet, they have not addressed whether it is adaptive for a decision-maker in a health-care situation. In addition, little is known about the role of interpersonal trust between doctor and patient. We surveyed 602 patients to examine the way in which trust, communication, and patients' satisfaction are related to patients' risk perception about uncertainties in medical treatment. The results showed that patients held a relatively low level of risk perception, which means that they had insufficient preparation for the possibility of uncertainties about the treatment. The association between doctor-patient communication and patients' perceived risk was mediated by doctor-patient trust. These results suggest that there is a relationship among good doctor-patient communication, patients' trust in medical staff, and perceived risk during medical treatment. Finally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Trust: Condition of action or condition of appraisal

Research in sociology on social trust is historically recent, reflecting changing conditions underlying self-appraisal in late modernity. Acknowledgement of these changing conditions, and especially their institutional background, contributes to a reconceptualization of the notion of trust and the role of inter-personal trust in social relationships. Under conditions of late modernity, described in the article as ‘precarious institutional maturity’, trust operates primarily as a term in a vocabulary of motive or as a value or appraisal regarding self and other, rather than directly facilitating social relationships. The supposed significance of trust, it is shown, tends to be exaggerated in the literature. The importance of the widely neglected institutional context is indicated in part through consideration of the case of guanxi (Chinese connections) in which high levels of social solidarity exist in the absence of trust.

Effects of organisational learning on service innovation performance: the mediating effect of supply chain collaboration and the moderating role of interpersonal trust

This paper discusses the relationships between organisational learning and service innovation performance, as well as the mediating role of supply chain collaboration and the moderating role of interpersonal trust. The empirical study shows that: 1) different dimensions of organisational learning have different effects on different dimensions of supply chain collaboration and service innovation performance; 2) supply chain collaboration acts as a mediator between knowledge absorption, knowledge integration, and service innovation performance, but it does not have a mediating effect on the relationship between learning intention and service innovation performance; 3) the positive relationship between knowledge integration and service innovation performance is stronger if the interpersonal trust is higher than it is low. But interpersonal trust does not have a moderating effect on the relationship between the other two dimensions of organisational learning (learning intention and knowledge absorption) and service innovation performance. The segmentation study in this paper gives some theoretical values and insights on research of supply chain collaboration, organisational learning and service innovation performance, and enriches the empirical research of these areas to some extent.

The Mediating Role of Interpersonal Trust in the Physical Attractiveness of Service Employees-Service Quality Relationship

본 연구는 대인 서비스 인카운터에 관련된 연구로서 서비스 생산현장에서 근무하는 서비스 종사원의 신체적 매력이 소비자에 어떤 영향을 미치는가에 관련된 연구이다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서는 서비스 종사원의 신체적 매력과 서비스품질의 관계에서 소비자의 대인신뢰의 매개효과를 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 서울, 수도권 지역의 최근(2017.9월 기준) 1주일간 서비스 기업을 방문한 경험이 있는 고객을 대상으로 총 240부의 유효설문지가 수집되었으며, 자료는 SPSS 12.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과, 신체적 매력은 긍정적 신체적 매력 요인과 부정적 신체적 매력 요인이라는 2가지로 구분되며, 긍정적 신체적 매력은 대인신뢰에 정(+)의 영향을 주었고, 부정적 신체적 매력은 영향을 주지 않았다. 또한 종사원의 대인신뢰는 서비스품질에 정(+)의 영향을 주었으며, 마지막으로 긍정적 신체적 매력 요인만이 서비스품질과의 관계에서 대인신뢰가 완전 매개하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 서비스 종사원의 신체적 매력에 관련된 소비자 관점들이 제한적인 상황에서 본 연구결과들은 서비스 종사원들의 신체적 매력이 소비자에게 미치는 영향에 대한 이해의 폭을 넓히는데 기여할 뿐 아니라 서비스기업 경영자들에게 서비스 경영 관련 다양한 시사점을 제공해주고 있다.

How Do Institution-Based Trust and Interpersonal Trust Affect Interdepartmental Knowledge Sharing?

There are two typical forms of trust in organisational settings—institution-based trust and interpersonal trust. The role of interpersonal trust in promoting interdepartmental knowledge sharing has been investigated. The effect of institution-based trust, especially the joint effect of institution-based and interpersonal trust, on interdepartmental knowledge sharing has not been adequately described. This article builds a conceptual model to describe the independent and joint effects of these two forms of trust on the satisfaction and success of interdepartmental knowledge sharing. The moderating role of knowledge tacitness is also described in this model, which is tested on 294 collaborative task scenarios between departments within Chinese IT firms. The empirical results essentially support the proposed model and contribute to organisational trust and interdepartmental knowledge-sharing discussions by clarifying the substantial roles of these two forms of trust in the context of interdepartmental collaboration and knowledge sharing.

The Role of Interpersonal Trust in On-line Learning Communities and Application of Knowledge

The Role of Interpersonal Trust in On-line Learning Communities and Application of Knowledge

English

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of knowledge management practices on the firm’s performance in software industry of Pakistan. A co relational research design using a multiple regression was used to test the causal relationships among the knowledge management practices, firm’s performance and the moderating role of interpersonal trust. Hypotheses were tested through field research study carried out on 38 firms in information technology industry of Pakistan. Quantitative data using convenient sampling technique were collected through questionnaires. The important finding of this paper is that the presence of IPT as a moderator changes the direction or strength of relation between KMPs and FP. This study contributes to the growing body of literature linking knowledge management and the resource base view and knowledge base view and determines practices that have a positive incidence on firm’s performance. The paper concludes that developing interpersonal trust among employees can lead to effective implementation of KMPS which increases the firm’s performance. Future cross-cultural research would be valuable and may reveal details about the phenomena in a broader context. Key words: Knowledge Management Practices (KMPs), Firm Performance (FP), Interpersonal Trust (IPT), Resource Base View (RBV), Knowledge Base View (KBV).

Trust and normative democratic peace theory: nexus between citizens and foreign policies?

PurposeDespite the burgeoning literature dealing with the democratic peace theory, there seems to be surprisingly little research done in actually analyzing how and why democracies cause peace. There is even less research done in empirically analyzing the “how” part of the normative aspects of the democratic peace theory. The purpose of this paper is to explain the theoretical assumptions and how interpersonal trust is linked to a country's preferences to go to war. In addition, a direct comparison is made between democratic and non‐democratic states to ascertain more clearly the effect of trust on decisions to go to war.Design/methodology/approachThis study quantitatively examines the period from 1980 to 2001 and considers 62 democratic countries and 30 non‐democratic countries in their choices to engage in conflict.FindingsThe research project finds that interpersonal trust is strongly correlated with states' decisions to go to war.Originality/valueThis is the first time that a study has examined the role of interpersonal trust on a state's decision to go to war, as no scholarly work has been done in applying the study of interpersonal trust to studying the theory of democratic peace.

New Link between Administrative Reforms and Job Attitude: The Role of Interpersonal Trust in Peers as a Mediator on Organizational Commitment

Since the 1997 Korean financial crisis, a wide range of administrative reforms in Korea have taken place. The new public management, which emphasizes improving organizational performance, has been the key factor of the Korean administrative reforms. These administrative reforms affect organizational commitment through organizational trust within public organizations. Prior studies focused on examining how supervisory trust mediates the relationship between administrative reforms and organizational commitment. This study focuses on the role of interpersonal trust in coworkers, which prior studies have not examined. Results indicate that interpersonal trust in coworkers mediates the relationship between administrative reforms such as job insecurity, empowerment and participation, and organizational commitment. Professional reforms are more related to organizational commitment than market-oriented reforms.

Developing effective global relationships through staffing with inpatriate managers: The role of interpersonal trust

International human resource managers are progressively encountering new challenges pertinent to the manageability of multiculturalism when staffing global positions. The literature indicates that trust in the global organization context increases subsidiary acquiescence to and cooperation with the headquarters, making this concept an important component in developing inpatriates' relationships with the headquarters organization. The purpose of this article is to examine a range of antecedents to trust building, distinguish between two different types of trust, affective vs. competence-based, and examine key outcomes of inpatriates' trust building in global organizations. Reference point theory is used as the foundation for an analysis of the deliberate choice of the inpatriate manager and parent organization alike to adjust to new organizational conditions. In addition, it provides guidance in examining the effects of assignment longevity. The authors propose that through the development of competencies such as trust building, an organization is better able to implement global learning and talent management and in turn develop more effective and ongoing global relationships based on trust. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.