Role Of Innate Cytokines Research Articles

Development of Airway Allergic Diseases and Immunotherapy in Children

Allergic march is a part of a phase that occurs in a series of continuous steps in disease of pediatric patients, which proceeds from atopic dermatitis to asthma, and from asthma to allergic rhinitis. Recently, several hypotheses have been raised to explain the allergic march. Among them, the study of the hygiene theory related to microbiota, and the study on the role of innate cytokines which occurs in skin barrier damage are attracting attentions. If the interaction between the microbiota and the immune system occurs improperly, the activity of the regulatory T cell becomes insufficient and the immune-regulatory function is reduced, resulting in allergic diseases. Because of the skin barrier disruption, the innate cytokines are activated, thus resulting in Th2 inflammation reaction being increased. Considering this pathogenesis, blocking the linkage to pathogens is regarded to play an important role in preventing and treating allergic march. Key words: Microbiota ㆍ Immune system ㆍ Regulatory T cell ㆍ Th2 inflammation

Role of innate cytokines in mycobacterial infection.

Cells of the innate immune system produce cytokines and lipid mediators that strongly influence the outcome of mycobacterial infection. In the case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the lung is a critical site for this interaction. Here, we review current information on the role of the major innate cytokine pathways both in controlling initial infection as well as in promoting and maintaining adaptive T-cell responses that mediate host resistance or immunopathology. Understanding this important feature of the host-pathogen interaction can provide major insights into the mechanisms of virulence and can lead to new approaches for immunological intervention in tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases.

The role of innate cytokines in inflammatory response

Mediators produced by innate immune response cells such as macrophages can profoundly influence adaptive immunity. Recent studies have shown that IL-15 and IL-18 play an influential role in inflammatory response. Here I present recent data mainly from our own laboratories illustrating the importance of IL-15 and IL-18 in the induction and perpetuation of chronic inflammation during experimental and clinical rheumatoid synovitis. These findings suggest that antagonists to these cytokines may have a potential therapeutic role against organ-specific autoimmune diseases.