Role Of Family Research Articles

Cultural factors contributing to gender-based violence in Zambian societies

Overview: This study examined the intricate cultural dynamics underlying the prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) within Zambian societies. Despite legislative efforts and international campaigns to combat GBV, its persistence underscores the need for a deeper understanding of the cultural underpinnings that perpetuate such violence. Body of Knowledge: Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, this study sought to identify key cultural elements such as patriarchal structures, beliefs about masculinity and femininity, and the role of family and community dynamics in shaping attitudes and behaviors related to gender-based violence. Additionally, this study delves into the multifaceted ways in which cultural norms, beliefs, and practices intersect with gender dynamics to foster environments conducive to GBV. Methods: The population comprised of government officials at the district level who had some responsibility for GBV, police officers from VSU, and Members of the community. The total target population was 1000. The sample size involved a total of 100 respondents which is 10% of the target population. The study used purposive sampling to select government officials and police officers while simple random sampling was used to selected community members. This study used descriptive design to analyze the data. Interviews, ethnographic observation, and questionnaires were used to collect data. Qualitative and Quantitative techniques of data analysis was used, and data was presented on the analytical tools such as tables, figures and charts. Results: Initial findings revealed that traditional gender roles deeply entrenched in Zambian culture play a pivotal role in perpetuating GBV. The patriarchal structure of society often assigns men dominance and control over women, leading to power imbalances that facilitate violence. Furthermore, beliefs surrounding masculinity, including expectations of aggression and dominance, contribute to a culture of impunity surrounding GBV. Men are often socialized to perceive violence as a legitimate means of asserting authority, while women may internalize norms of submission and silence. Recommendation: This study underscores the urgent need for culturally sensitive interventions that address the root causes of GBV in Zambia. By engaging communities in dialogue and challenging harmful cultural norms, sustainable solutions can be developed to promote gender equality and create safer environments for all individuals.

Resilience of Nurses Undergoing Rotation in Private Hospitals in Central Java

Nurse rotation can bring both positive and negative impacts. The purpose of this study was to find out the feelings felt by nurses who experience rotation in the new hospital. A mixture of quantitative and qualitative is used in this research method. The research was conducted in one of the private saki houses in Central Java. Participants were 176 men and women who worked as nurses as respondents to fill out questionnaires, while interview informants were 15 people to explore information qualitatively. Data analysis techniques using percentages are assisted by excel applications and transgulation techniques as qualitative analysis. The research data was taken from September to November 2023. The results of the quantitative study presented a presentation of 52%-88%. The qualitative results suggest that the reflection of the informant's feelings is disappointed. The positive reinforcement of the informant partly expressed gratitude. Causal analysis of family and co-worker roles becomes motivational. Self-efficacy informants experience the confidence to overcome the negative feelings felt. Reaching out, nurses still think positively in carrying out work. This study said that to respond to the negative, it is necessary to set a positive one in the hope that the work will be light and optimal.

Genome-wide identification of GH28 family and insight into its contributions to pod shattering resistance in Brassica napus L.

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), accounts for nearly 16% of vegetable oil, is the world's second produced oilseed. However, pod shattering has caused significant yield loses in rapeseed production, particularly during mechanical harvesting. The GH28 genes can promote pod shattering by changing the structure of the pod cell wall in Arabidopsis. However, the role of the GH28 gene family in rapeseed was largely unknown. Therefore, a genome-wide comprehensive analysis was conducted to classify the role ofGH28 gene family on rapeseed pod shattering. A total of 37 BnaGH28 genes in the rapeseed genome were identified. These BnaGH28s can be divided into five groups (Group A-E), based on phylogenetic and synteny analysis. Protein property, gene structure, conserved motif, cis-acting element, and gene expression profile of BnaGH28 genes in the same group were similar. Specially, the expression level of genes in group A-D was gradually decreased, but increased in group E with the development of silique. Among eleven higher expressed genes in group E, two BnaGH28 genes (BnaA07T0199500ZS and BnaC06T0206500ZS) were significantly regulated by IAA or GA treatment. And the significant effects of BnaA07T0199500ZS variation on pod shattering resistance were also demonstrated in present study. These results could open a new window for insight into the role of BnaGH28 genes on pod shattering resistance in rapeseed.

Psychological experiences and needs of tumor patients with implanted intravenous infusion ports: a qualitative study

BackgroundThere are many problems of psychological burden in patients with tumor implanted in port of intravenous infusion. However, more attention is paid to its complications in the literature, and psychological problems are seldom concerned. The purpose of this study was to explore the psychological state and needs of tumor patients after implantation of an intravenous infusion port and provide valuable references for psychological interventions.MethodA semi-structured interview was conducted with 11 patients with intravenous infusion ports. Colaizzi’s 7-step analysis was used to analyze the interview data.ResultsAccording to the primary information, four themes and nine sub-themes were extracted: (1) lack of self-worth, (2) multiple emotional experiences (guilt, doubt, worry, and gain). (3) Poor self-management and self-maintenance awareness (over-reliance on medical staff, unchanged family roles, lack of related knowledge). (4) Expectations and suggestions for the future (inner expectations, suggestions for infusion ports).ConclusionThe patient’s psychological state should be carefully monitored during tube implantation, to relieve the patient’s tension and anxiety and improve nursing satisfaction and patient outcomes.

Synaptotagmins family affect glucose transport in retinal pigment epithelial cells through their ubiquitination-mediated degradation and glucose transporter-1 regulation.

Synaptotagmins (SYTs) are a family of 17 membrane transporters that function as calcium ion sensors during the release of Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitters and hormones. However, few studies have reported whether members of the SYT family play a role in glucose uptake in diabetic retinopathy (DR) through Ca2+/glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) and the possible regulatory mechanism of SYTs. To elucidate the role of the SYT family in the regulation of glucose transport in retinal pigment epithelial cells and explore its potential as a therapeutic target for the clinical management of DR. DR was induced by streptozotocin in C57BL/6J mice and by high glucose medium in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19). Bioinformatics analysis, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, flow cytometry, ELISA, HE staining, and TUNEL staining were used for analysis. Six differentially expressed proteins (SYT2, SYT3, SYT4, SYT7, SYT11, and SYT13) were found between the DR and control groups, and SYT4 was highly expressed. Hyperglycemia induces SYT4 overexpression, manipulates Ca2+ influx to induce GLUT1 fusion with the plasma membrane, promotes abnormal expression of the glucose transporter GLUT1 and excessive glucose uptake, induces ARPE-19 cell apoptosis, and promotes DR progression. Parkin deficiency inhibits the proteasomal degradation of SYT4 in DR, resulting in SYT4 accumulation and enhanced GLUT1 fusion with the plasma membrane, and these effects were blocked by oe-Parkin treatment. Moreover, dysregulation of the myelin transcription factor 1 (Myt1)-induced transcription of SYT4 in DR further activated the SYT4-mediated stimulus-secretion coupling process, and this process was inhibited in the oe-MYT1-treated group. Our study reveals the key role of SYT4 in regulating glucose transport in retinal pigment epithelial cells during the pathogenesis of DR and the underlying mechanism and suggests potential therapeutic targets for clinical DR.

Biological clock regulation by the PER gene family: a new perspective on tumor development

The Period (PER) gene family is one of the core components of the circadian clock, with substantial correlations between the PER genes and cancers identified in extensive researches. Abnormal mutations in PER genes can influence cell function, metabolic activity, immunity, and therapy responses, thereby promoting the initiation and development of cancers. This ultimately results in unequal cancers progression and prognosis in patients. This leads to variable cancer progression and prognosis among patients. In-depth studies on the interactions between the PER genes and cancers can reveal novel strategies for cancer detection and treatment. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest research on the role of the PER gene family in cancer.

Psychosocial Experiences of Spanish-Speaking Parents of Children With Craniofacial Microsomia.

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) and microtia psychosocial research in the US is primarily with English-speaking participants. Given that 19% of the US is Latino, and there is a higher prevalence of CFM in Latino populations, this study aims to describe psychosocial experiences related to CFM among Spanish-speaking Latino caregivers to better inform health care. Narrative interviews (mean 73±17min) were completed in Spanish with parents of children with CFM aged 3 to 17 (mean age 10.8±4.8years). Transcripts were analyzed using quantitative linguistic analyses and reflexive thematic analysis. Participants (N=12) were mostly mothers (83%) who had immigrated to the US and had low socioeconomic status. Based upon analysis of grouped word counts, participants spent approximately half of their narratives discussing the first two years of their child's life. Themes selected based on US Latino sociodemographics and cultural values included the Impact of Language, Healthcare Challenges, Supportive Healthcare Experiences, Caregiver Coping with CFM, Family Roles, and Addressing Social Implications of CFM. Results highlighted that the first years of care are of critical importance to parents and suggest this is an optimal time to focus on education and support services for families. Additional treatment suggestions include providing interpretation and informational materials in Spanish, addressing care barriers, supporting familial and child coping, accounting for the role of extended family, and helping address social concerns. Ongoing research with Latino families can further assist in guiding culturally sensitive CFM health care.

Characterization of ZmSnRK1 genes and their response to aphid feeding, drought and cold stress

AbstractThe SnRK1 complex in plants regulates metabolism in response to environmental stresses and glucose depletion, for stress adaptation and energy homeostasis. Through phosphorylation of various targets, SnRK1 orchestrates intricate regulatory mechanisms involved in autophagy, nutrient remobilization, and TOR activity inhibition, showcasing its pivotal role in coordinating plant metabolism and stress responses. The present study aimed to identify members of the SnRK1 gene family in the maize genome and characterize them using bioinformatics and expression analyses under aphid feeding, drought, and cold stress. The focus of the study was to conduct a comprehensive analysis towards determining gene diversity of ZmSnRK1 genes, constructing intricate 3D structures, and identifying stress-related cis-elements. Four SnRK1 genes were identified, which were named ZmSnRK1.1, ZmSnRK1.2, ZmSnRK1.3, and ZmSnRK1.4. The SnRK1 proteins were found to have a distribution of conserved motifs; however, the distinction between monocots and dicots in the phylogenetic tree was clearly demonstrated. Analysis of the promoter region revealed that the ZmSnRK1 genes contain stress-related cis-elements. Compared to the control, ZmSnRK1.3 significantly upregulated in response to aphid feeding and cold stress, while ZmSnRK1.2 showed elevated expression under drought conditions. The expression of the other two genes under these treatments was generally unperturbed. The findings of this study are poised to establish a valuable scientific foundation for future research on the roles of the SnRK1 gene family in plants, providing valuable insights for enhancing genetic resilience to stress and optimizing yield traits.

Understanding family functioning in mothers and daughters with obesity

ABSTRACT Purpose This study sought to understand family functioning surrounding weight in Mexican American women with obesity. Methods Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with mothers and adult daughters (N = 116). Results Thematic analysis identified five themes. 1) The communication process drives perception of supportive messages. Messages perceived as non-supportive consist of directives as interventions, confirmation of faults, and critical compliments whereas supportive consist of compliments, encouragement, empathetic listening, and disclosure. 2) Acculturation differences interfere with intergenerational alliance. Differences involve dissonance in communication, behavioural expectations, and weight-related practices. 3) Maladaptive conflict responses contribute to relational strain. These responses include avoidance, withdrawal, and defensiveness. 4) Role transformations alter the generational hierarchical relationship. Daughters serve as role models, caregivers, or collaborators. 5) Low communal coping heightens psychological distress. It does so by challenging family roles, increasing social isolation, and compromising social support. Conclusion Obesity interventions for Mexican American women may benefit from targeting relational skills to improve family functioning.

When Will It Be Our Turn to Lead? An Evaluation of Women's Perceptions on Barriers to Access the Top Positions in Educational Institutions' Leadership in Kenya

This study evaluated women's perceptions of barriers to accessing the top positions in organisations' leadership in Kenya. The study had 3 specific objectives: to determine the women leaders' perceptions of the barriers to accessing top organisational leadership in Kenya; to establish how much support women leaders get in their attempt to access top organisational leadership in Kenya; to investigate the barriers women leaders face in their attempt to access top organisational leadership positions in Kenya. The research was a descriptive study preferred because it provides a comprehensive and accurate picture of the study subjects and to describe the inherent relationships, patterns, and trends demonstrated by the data analysed. The study findings were: women progression to top offices has not been easy, for example over 55% of the female Deputy Principals had stagnated for over 10 years in the same position without promotion. According to the study, about 22% of the respondents blamed patriarchy and gender stereotypes for their lack of promotion. Finally, the study found that family roles remains critical for the respondents. For example, 44% feared that promotion may result being sent far from home, while 39% did not apply for promotions due to family roles

Identification of cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase gene family in potato: revealed StCRLK9 in response to heat, salt and drought stresses.

The investigation into cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRLKs) holds pivotal significance as these conserved, upstream signalling molecules intricately regulate fundamental biological processes such as plant growth, development and stress adaptation. This study undertakes a comprehensive characterisation of CRLKs in Solanum tuberosum (potato), a staple food crop of immense economic importance. Employing comparative genomics and evolutionary analyses, we identified 10 distinct CRLK genes in potato. Further categorisation into three major groups based on sequence similarity was performed. Each CRLK member in potato was systematically named according to its chromosomal position. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses unveiled conserved gene structures and motifs within the same groups. The genomic distribution of CRLKs was observed across Chromosomes 2-5, 8 and 12. Gene duplication analysis highlighted a noteworthy trend, with most gene pairs exhibiting a Ka/Ks ratio greater than one, indicating positive selection of StCRLKs in potato. Salt and drought stresses significantly impacted peroxidase and catalase activities in potato seedlings. The presence of diverse cis -regulatory elements, including hormone-responsive elements, underscored their involvement in myriad biotic and abiotic stress responses. Interestingly, interactions between the phytohormone auxin and CRLK proteins unveiled a potential auxin-mediated regulatory mechanism. A holistic approach combining transcriptomics and quantitative PCR validation identified StCRLK9 as a potential candidate involved in plant response to heat, salt and drought stresses. This study lays a robust foundation for future research on the functional roles of the CRLK gene family in potatoes, offering valuable insights into their diverse regulatory mechanisms and potential applications in stress management.

Balancing work and family when family is work: a reconceptualization of work–family integration, burnout and detachment in family business

PurposeBuilding from calls for greater interdisciplinary research in interpreting family business phenomena, we integrate research on work–family conflict, detachment and burnout from both organizational and family studies. Using the characteristic work–family integration of family business settings as a backdrop we develop theoretical arguments that emphasize the reconciliatory role of interdisciplinary perspectives to explain the ostensibly contradictory findings in extant research. The diminishing barriers separating work and life spheres occurring in most global industries illustrate the importance of conceiving the study of work–life phenomena through recursive, rather than linear, logics and emphasizing the relevance of family business research in providing a contextual foundation for interdisciplinary discussions.Design/methodology/approachThis theoretical paper integrates perspectives from the literatures on organizational behavior and family systems theory to form six propositions on the relationship between work–life integration and the antecedents and consequences of burnout and psychological detachment.FindingsThis paper explores the nuances that overlapping work and family roles might be a source of both harmony and discord in family firms. In doing so, our research contributes to the growing relationship between family systems theory and family business research, and creates the foundation for future empirical studies on the psychological dynamics that underlie work–family integration.Originality/valueThis research advances a novel perspective on the interactions between work–family integration and burnout and detachment, and does so by noting that the way the family business literature treats work–family integration may apply to any employee that experiences tension between these different spheres of their identity.

What if it is not just an additional income? Poverty risks of non‐standard employment histories in Germany

AbstractWhile the poverty risks associated with transitions to and from different forms of non‐standard employment (NSE) have been studied extensively, poverty research on NSE histories remains fuzzy. Therefore, this study focuses on persons with NSE histories whose earnings contribute significantly to the household income, asking to what extent they are exposed to income poverty risks during their main career phase and examining the role of employment, family and sociodemographic characteristics. Employment histories were observed over 10 years using German Socio‐Economic Panel data from 2001 to 2020. A sequence cluster analysis identified four NSE clusters with increased poverty risks, namely, those with increasing and permanent low‐part‐time work, those who were mainly temporary agency‐employed or had long episodes of fixed‐term employment. Multivariate regressions considering employment‐specific, care‐related and sociodemographic characteristics revealed a network of cumulative disadvantages related to gender, occupational position, care obligations and structural disadvantages for those clusters.

Understanding the Roles of Family, Community in Visually Impaired & Low Vision Student’s Life

The objective of this paper is to acquire an efficient understanding of the roles of family,how family support to attain their goals towards life . Family plays an important role in contribution in promoting enrichment,support of the overall quality of lives of the visually impaired student. In the personal and professional lives of the visually impaired student, there are number of functions and daily living activities, which they are required to carry out smoothly. These activities carried out may be on one’s own or perform with help and assistance from family or dear ones. For example, in the pursuance of educational coursers or programs within institutions of all levels, the student are required to deal with special educators, supervisors, visually impaired or sighted classmates and other staff members. Hence, development of consensus with them is regarded to be of sheer significance. On the other hand, within home environment , family members need to work in co-ordination with each other to promote each other’s well-being ,mental health and goodwill. The visually impaired students implement a range of work functions and responsibilities in compliance with protocols and guidelines. The family and community members, particularly special educator and service providers need to be provided with adequate information in terms of methods and procedures of initial phase of learning . Consequently, duties and responsibilities should be carried out in a well-ordered and disciplined manner among family ,community and special educator. Therefore, it is well-understood, roles of family ,community members and special educator are acknowledged to a major extent. The main concepts that are taken into account in this research paper are, roles of family ,roles of community members and roles of special educator in visually impaired student life.

Enhanced glucose metabolism in Tet-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells

Interactions between epigenetics and metabolites play critical roles in regulating the pluripotency and differentiation of embryonic stem cells. Proper glucose metabolism and DNA methylation are essential for orchestrating accurate lineage specification and the normal functions of embryonic stem cells. However, the impact of Ten-eleven Translocation (TET)-mediated DNA methylation modifications on the metabolism of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) remains less well defined. In this study, we investigated the consequences of Tet triple knockout (Tet-TKO) in mESCs and observed notable alterations in glucose metabolism. These changes were marked by enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis, likely owing to the upregulation of genes critical for glucose metabolism. Furthermore, Tet-TKO mESCs exhibited defects in glucose-dependent differentiation, suggesting that cells with epigenetic defects might display metabolic vulnerability when exposed to external nutritional cues. Collectively, our findings establish the pivotal role of the TET family of dioxygenases in maintaining proper glucose metabolism and safeguarding stem cell lineage specification, thus enhancing our understanding of the intricate interplay between epigenetic modifications and cellular metabolism in stem cells.

Genome wide characterization and expression insights of Auxin Response Factor (ARF) gene family in cabbage in response to clubroot disease

Auxin response factors (ARFs) regulate genes expression in response to auxin. Auxin performs a significant role in plant development and growth such as vascular tissue differentiation, root initiation and apical dominance. Within plants, auxin promotes the growth of vascular tissue differentiation, apical dominance and at the cellular level, auxin helps cells to divide and differentiate. Members of the ARF family carry a DNA binding domain (DBD) that binds to specific DNA sequences in the promoters of target genes. Despite the crucial role of the ARF gene family, no comprehensive study has been carried out to characterize the comparative ARF in B oleracea and A thaliana. For this reason, an in-silico approach was adopted. During the study, we found 49 genes in B oleracea and 37 genes in A thaliana. Of these, only 17 and 22 genes were studied due to their redundancy. In the phylogenetic analysis, we included B oleracea, B rapa, B napus and A thaliana and divided them into four groups based on conserved domains. Chromosomal mapping identified the positions of the genes on different chromosomes. The diversity of introns in the gene structure varies from 1 to 13 and up to five protein motifs are shown on each gene. Many transcription factors were identified by cis-regulatory elements. Gene expression revealed the involvement of BolARFs in root gall disease. The presence of nine different conserved domains was observed, of which B3, AUX_IAA superfamily together with auxin response were dominantly repeated in maximum number of genes. The overall study provides new insights and directions for further research and analysis in the future.

HMGN1 loss sensitizes lung cancer cells to chemotherapy

The high mobility group nucleosome binding (HMGN) family, constitutes a large family of non-histone protein family known to bind the acidic patch of the nucleosomes with various key cellular functions. Several studies have highlighted the pivotal roles of HMGNs in the pathogenic process of various cancer types. However, the roles of HMGN family in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been fully elucidated. Herein, integrative analyses of multiple-omics data revealed that HMGNs frequently exhibit dysregulation in LUAD. Subsequent analysis of the clinical relevance of HMGN1 demonstrated its association with poor prognosis in LUAD and its potential as a diagnostic marker to differentiate LUAD from healthy controls. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis suggested that HMGN1 was mainly involved in DNA repair. To corroborate these findings, cellular experiments were conducted, confirming HMGN1’s crucial involvement in homologous recombination repair and its potential to enhance the sensitivity of LUAD cells to standard chemotherapeutic drugs. This study proposes HMGN1 as a novel prognostic biomarker and a promising target for chemotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma.

Targetedness, effectiveness, and sustainability of China's photovoltaic poverty alleviation programmes

As one of the key projects of the top ten targeted poverty alleviation projects, Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation Projects (PPAP) has played an important role in poverty alleviation and eliminating absolute poverty. This paper analyzes the impact of the PPAP on the consumption and poverty vulnerability of impoverished households and reveals the characteristics of the targetedness, effectiveness and sustainability of PPAP based on the data of the previous poverty-stricken households recorded in four townships in Wuwei County, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China. The results show that under the extreme poverty standard line, PPAP can significantly reduce the poverty vulnerability of impoverished households, and the effect of the PV poverty alleviation project has a strong sustainability; It has a significant heterogeneous impact on families of different poverty types, among which, it plays a significant role in alleviating the poverty vulnerability of impoverished households due to the loss of labor ability, and low-income families, with strong targetedness; For families with a high degree of vulnerability to poverty, the PPAP can significantly alleviate their vulnerability, indicating the effectiveness of PPAP to play a bottom-up role for the poor families.

Role of Family in Educational Attainment and Upward Mobility

Role of Family in Educational Attainment and Upward Mobility

A qualitative study on the adaptation of community programmes for the promotion of early detection and health-seeking of perinatal depression in Nepal

BackgroundDespite the high burden of perinatal depression in Nepal, the detection rate is low. Community-based strategies such as sensitization programmes and the Community Informant Detection Tool (CIDT) have been found to be effective in raising awareness and thus promoting the identification of mental health problems. This study aims to adapt these community strategies for perinatal depression in the Nepalese context.MethodsWe followed a four-step process to adapt the existing community sensitization program manual and CIDT. Step 1 included in-depth interviews with women identified with perinatal depression (n=36), and focus group discussions were conducted with health workers trained in community mental health (n=13), female community health volunteers (FCHVs), cadre of Nepal government for the prevention and promotion of community maternal and child health (n=16), and psychosocial counsellors (n=5). We explored idioms and understanding of depression, perceived causes, and possible intervention. Step 2 included draft preparation based on the qualitative study. Step 3 included a one-day workshop with the psychosocial counsellors (n=2) and health workers (n=12) to assess the understandability and comprehensiveness of the draft and to refine the content. A review of the CIDT and community sensitization program manual by a psychiatrist was performed in Step 4.ResultsThe first step led to the content development for the CIDT and community sensitization manual. Multiple stakeholders and experts reviewed and refined the content from the second to fourth steps. Idioms of depression and commonly cited risk factors were incorporated in the CIDT. Additionally, myths of perinatal depression and the importance of the role of family were added to the community sensitization manual.ConclusionBoth the CIDT and community sensitization manual are grounded in the local context and are simple, clear, and easy to understand.