Role Of DHEA Research Articles

The Role of DHEA, NGF, and ADAMTS5 Pathways in Osteoarthritis and Current Developments

The Role of DHEA, NGF, and ADAMTS5 Pathways in Osteoarthritis and Current Developments

Premenopausal women recover from COVID-19 disease better than postmenopausal women: the Role of DHEA-S

Premenopausal women recover from COVID-19 disease better than postmenopausal women: the Role of DHEA-S

From Habitat to Hormones: Year-around territorial behavior in rock-dwelling but not in forest and grassland lagomorphs and the role of DHEA

Year-around defense of extremely patchy habitat may require hormones that drive territorial behavior, but have no other costly physiological effects. The American pika (Ochotona princeps), but not the snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) nor the eastern cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus floridanus), exhibits this behavior. The former engages in contest competition against all individuals independent of sex to protect its territory in highly fragmented patches on mountain talus slopes; the latter in scramble competition in more continuous forests, grasslands, and shrublands. The hormonal basis for this difference in lagomorphs is unknown. Dehydroepiandrosterone is a prohormone produced by the zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex. It has no effect on aggressive behavior until converted in the brain to estrogen. We assessed levels (DHEA-S plus DHEA) in all species collected in the wild. In nonbreeding pikas, levels were 256 times higher than in hares and 22 times higher than in rabbits. Within species, females and males had similar levels. The proportion of the adrenal cortex devoted to the zona reticularis was significantly larger in pikas than in hares or rabbits. Our evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that dehydroepiandrosterone drives this individual-based, year-around territoriality in pikas. We propose a definitive experiment to determine this and recommend comparative studies in central Asia where there is high diversity of pika species whose behavior ranges from individual-based territoriality to colonial. Thus, we speculate that the wild American pika has the adrenal-brain nexus for all seasons and is an excellent model to understand how habitat drives the hormonal control of spacing behavior.

11\u03b2 Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase \u2013 1 activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comparative study

BackgroundA comparative study of 11 β HSD 1 activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects with respect to fasting blood glucose and other metabolic parameters was conducted.MethodsA case control experimental study was performed enrolling thirty type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and thirty age, gender and BMI matched controls using cortisone acetate test.ResultsThe rise of serum cortisol after oral 25 mg cortisone acetate from baseline (dexamethasone suppressed level) is higher in subjects with type 2 diabetes and is associated with exercise, BMI, SGOT but not daily calorie intake, lipid parameters and thyroid status. Fasting blood glucose after overnight 1 mg oral dexamethasone is a strong predictor of 11HSD1 activity, irrespective of presence of type 2 diabetes.Conclusion11β HSD 1 activity is higher in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects, especially those who are lean. Future 11 β HSD 1 inhibitors targeting metabolic syndrome, will be most useful in those with increased fasting blood glucose. The role of DHEAS and vitamin D status needs to be explored.

The role of DHEAS in the diagnosis of possible autonomous cortisol secretion by incidentally discovered adrenal adenomas

The role of DHEAS in the diagnosis of possible autonomous cortisol secretion by incidentally discovered adrenal adenomas

DHEA Modulates Immune Function: A Review of Evidence.

DHEA and DHEA-S have numerous associations with multiple aspects of immune function and are often characterized as beneficial and supportive of immunocompetence. However, closer inspection of these studies reveals confusion regarding the immunological components modified, the mechanisms of action, and degree of impact, and even whether these hormones even have direct action or are mediated by metabolites and interactions with other hormones and hormone receptors. Additionally, much of the research is conducted on rodent models using very high concentrations of hormone supplements, which may not be representative of the effects of these hormones in natural circulating concentrations, or may not translate to human physiology in a meaningful way. Here, we review the effects of DHEA and DHEA-S on immune function and examine the potential roles these hormones play on specific components of immune function. Drawing from the literature on hormone supplementation, as well as studies examining the natural circulating levels of DHEA and DHEA-S on specific immunological components and disease processes, we argue that DHEA has differential actions on human immune function, and that its effects are further shaped by concentrations of other hormones. Of particular interest is the role of DHEA as an antiglucocorticoid, and for its actions on both androgen and estrogen receptors. With additional research, DHEA may be useful as a therapeutic, particularly in diseases with high levels of inflammation, or where adrenal production is altered. The convoluted nature of DHEA-immune interactions makes direct effects difficult to interpret, and future research needs to consider direct, intracrine, and downstream effects of these hormones.

Dehydroepiandrosterone inhibits events related with the metastatic process in breast tumor cell lines

ABSTRACTDehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), an adrenal hormone, has a protective role against cancer. We previously shown that DHEA inhibits the proliferation and migration of cell lines derived from breast cancer; however, the role of DHEA in others events related with these effects are unknown. We hypothesized that DHEA inhibits the expression of proteins and some events related with cell migration and metastasis. We determined the migration in Boyden chambers, the invasion in matrigel, anchorage-independent growth and the formation of spheroids in 3 cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, ZR-75-30) derived from breast cancer exposed to DHEA. The secretion of metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and several pro-inflammatory molecules in the secretome of these cells was also evaluated. DHEA inhibited the migration in transwells and the invasion in matrigel of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Besides, DHEA inhibited the anchorage-independent growth on agar and decreased the size of spheroids, and also reduced the secretion of IL-1α, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in all cell lines. Metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) secretion was slightly decreased by DHEA treatment in MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results also showed that inhibition of migration and invasion induced by DHEA in breast cancer cells is correlated with the decrease of cytokine/chemokine secretion and the diminution of tumor cells growth. MCF-7 cells were the most responsive to the exposure to DHEA, whereas ZR-75-30 cells responded less to this hormone, suggesting that DHEA could be used in the treatment of breast cancer in early stages.

The role of DHEAS in diagnosis of subclinical hypercortisolism in patients with adrenal incidentalomas

The role of DHEAS in diagnosis of subclinical hypercortisolism in patients with adrenal incidentalomas

Effects of Age on Exercise Response in Steroid Hormones: Role of DHEA-S

Effects of Age on Exercise Response in Steroid Hormones: Role of DHEA-S

Prior and concomitant dehydroepiandrosterone treatment affects immunologic response of cultured macrophages infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in vitro?

DHEA, a steroid hormone synthesized from cholesterol by cells of the adrenal cortex, plays an essential role in enhancing the host's resistance to different experimental infections. Receptors for this hormone can be found in distinct immune cells (especially macrophages) that are known to be the first line defense against Trypanosoma cruzi infection. These cells operate through an indirect pathway releasing nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines such TNF-α and IL-12 which in turn trigger an enhancement of natural killer cells and lymphocytes which finally secrete pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The effects of pre- and post-infection DHEA treatment on production of IL-12, TNFα and NO were evaluated. T. cruzi infected macrophages post treated with DHEA displayed enhanced concentrations of TNF-α, IL-12 and NO. Probably, the mechanisms that induced the production of cytokines by infected cells are more efficient when the immune system has been stimulated first by parasite invasion, suggesting that the protective role of DHEA is greater when administered post infection.

Does dehydroepiandrosterone influence the expression of urticaria?-a mini review.

Chronic urticaria is a challenging problem since the exact cause and mechanism involved in the disease development have still remained unknown. This disease is associated with mast cells activation and immunoinflammatory processes. Interestingly, dysfunctions of the neuroendocrine–immune system due to stress and other factors seem to appear as a very interesting theory for urticaria pathogenesis. Dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate derivative (DHEA-S) appear to have regulatory effects in immune homeostasis and are regulated by the nervous system, and it is suggested that they may be an integral element of neuroimmunomodulation. Our studies showed substantially decreased serum concentration of DHEA-S in patients with chronic urticaria. However, current knowledge prevents answering whether lower circulating DHEA-S concentration is a primary phenomenon or just an accompanying one which appears as a response of different systems to the course of the illness and may not be of any importance for the pathogenesis of urticaria whatsoever. This review is a summary of clinical research on the role of DHEA in chronic urticaria.

Role of DHEA-S on body fat distribution: Gender- and depot-specific stimulation of adipose tissue lipolysis

The objective of this work was to study the possible impact of DHEA-S on body fat distribution and the specific action of the hormone on lipolysis from visceral and subcutaneous human adipose tissue. First, a clinical evaluation was performed in 84 obese patients (29 men, 55 women), measuring serum DHEA-S, computed tomography (CT) anthropometric parameters of abdominal fat distribution. In a second experiment, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue samples were obtained from 20 obese patients (10 men, 10 women) and cultured in vitro under stimulation with DHEA-S to further assess a possible effect of this hormone on adipose tissue lipolysis. Serum DHEA-S was inversely and specifically associated with visceral fat area (VA) as assessed by CT in men and with waist-to-hip ratio in women. In vitro, DHEA-S increased lipolysis in women's subcutaneous adipose tissue at 2 h, while in men, the effect was evident in visceral tissue and after 24 h of treatment. In conclusion, DHEA-S contributes to gender-related differences in body fat distribution probably by a differential lipolytic action. We have demonstrated for the first time in vitro that DHEA-S stimulates lipolysis preferably in subcutaneous fat in women and in visceral fat in men.

Differentiation of chromaffin progenitor cells: Possible role of DHEA and DHEAS

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfated form DHEAS are the most abundant hormones in the human body. They are secreted by the inner adrenocortical zone which is in direct contact with the adrenal medulla. It has been suggested that DHEA has effects on the neurogenesis and the maintenance of human neural stem cells. In addition, recent studies have shown that glucocorticoids are not essential for the formation of the neuroendocrine phenotype of chromaffin cells. The aim of present study was to investigate the potential role of DHEA and DHEAS on the development of chromaffin progenitor cells. Chromaffin progenitor cells were isolated in low-attachment conditions. These cells were able of self-renewal and grew into spheres from single cells. Chromaffin-spheres expressed neuronal progenitor markers such as nestin, synaptophysin and prominin, chromaffin markers such as TH and PNMT and neuronal markers such as vesicular transporter of acetylcholine. In order to define the niche required for chromaffin sphere development, the spheres were seeded using different coating (poly-D-lysine, collagen, and fibronectin) in the presence of growth factors (EGF, bFGF and LIF). We then induced their differentiation with various factors including DHEA, DHEAS, dexamethasone (Dex), nerve growth factor (NGF) and bone-morphogenetic-protein 4. DHEA as well as Dex induced the expression of PNMT mRNA on poly-D-lysine coated plates. In addition, the expression of nestin mRNA is strongly reduced by treatments with DHEAS on poly-D-lysine and with DHEA, DHEAS on fibronectin. In contrast, DHEAS caused a higher expression of nestin on collagen coated plates. In summary, we were able to isolate chromaffin progenitor cells. These cells were able to self renew and to differentiate. The combination of poly-D-lysine coating and growth factors seems to create an environment mimicking the niche needed for chromaffin cell progenitor's differentiation. In addition, these data indicate that DHEA and DHEAS might play a key role in chromaffin cell development.

Decoding the Role of DHEA in Health and Longevity

Decoding the Role of DHEA in Health and Longevity

Dhea Replacement in Women with Adrenal Insufficiency—Pharmacokinetics, Bioconversion and Clinical Effects on Well-Being, Sexuality and Cognition

Standard replacement for adrenal insufficiency (AI) consists of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids while DHEA deficiency is routinely ignored. Thus, AI represents the ideal pathophysiological model of isolated DHEA deficiency. We investigated the effects of DHEA replacement in 24 women with primary and secondary AI employing a double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover design. A DHEA dose of 50 mg/d was chosen based on preceding single-dose pharmacokinetics and bioconversion studies. Each patient received four months of treatment with DHEA and four months placebo, with a one-month washout period. Measurements included serum steroid hormones, somatotropic parameters and psychometric assessment of well-being, mood, cognition and sexuality. Treatment with DHEA raised the initially low serum concentrations of DHEA, DHEAS, androstenedione, and testosterone into the normal range. DHEA induced a slight increase in serum IGF-I, but only in patients with primary AI, suggesting a growth hormone-mediated effect. DHEA treatment significantly improved overall well-being as well as scores for depression, anxiety, and their physical correlates. Furthermore, DHEA significantly increased both sexual interest and the level of satisfaction with sex. DHEA replacement had no influence on the cognitive performance, which was already on a high level at baseline. In conclusion, DHEA replacement improves well-being and sexuality in women with adrenal insufficiency. If this is due to a direct effect of DHEA on the brain, an indirect effect via increased androgen synthesis, or both, remains to be elucidated. Long-term studies in patients of both sexes are needed to further define the role of DHEA in standard replacement for adrenal insufficiency.

Role of DHEA and DHEA-S in Alzheimer's Disease

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ArticleNo AccessRole of DHEA and DHEA-S in Alzheimer's DiseaseBRYON ADINOFF, PETER R. MARTIN, MICHAEL J. ECKARDT, and MARKKU LINNOILABRYON ADINOFFSearch for more papers by this author, PETER R. MARTINSearch for more papers by this author, MICHAEL J. ECKARDTSearch for more papers by this author, and MARKKU LINNOILASearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.150.9.1432-aAboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail "Role of DHEA and DHEA-S in Alzheimer's Disease." American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(9), pp. 1432-a–1433 Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byGerontology, Vol. 53, No. 4Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Vol. 198, No. 1-2 Volume 150Issue 9 September 1993Pages 1432-a-1433 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 April 2006 Published in print 1 September 1993

Role of DHEA and DHEA-S in Alzheimer's disease

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ArticleNo AccessDrs. lacono and Beiser ReplyWILLIAM G. IACONO, and MORTON BEISERWILLIAM G. IACONOSearch for more papers by this author, and MORTON BEISERSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.150.9.1432AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail "Drs. lacono and Beiser Reply." American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(9), p. 1432 Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited ByNone Volume 150Issue 9 September 1993Pages 1432-1432 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 April 2006 Published in print 1 September 1993

Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) serum levels in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD)

Sixty healthy subjects were studied and a strong negative correlation between age and serum DHEAS levels could be seen: r = −0,79 for females and r = −0,73 for males. In addition, 18 drug-free patients with AD and 16 age-and sex-matched controls were studied. No difference in serum DHEAS levels was found between these two groups, doubting whether there is a specific role of DHEAS in AD.

391. The role of DHEA and DHEAS as prehormones in poslmenopausal women

391. The role of DHEA and DHEAS as prehormones in poslmenopausal women