Role Of Criteria Research Articles

FROM THE PRACTICE OF APPLYING CRITERIA-BASED ASSESSMENT IN THE TEACHING OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AT SCHOOL

The article is devoted to criteria-based assessment, which is currently the only system for monitoring and testing students' knowledge and skills. Also, the assessment of the new system of assessment is compared with the previous traditional system of assessment of knowledge in schools. Aims and objectives related to training, feedback and assessment have been written in the article. The purpose of criteria-based assessment is characterized as ensuring objectivity, reliability of information about students' learning outcomes. Information on the development of a high level of students' thinking has been provided. The article describes the stages of the transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the updated content of education, accompanied by the introduction of a new system of assessment. The updated content of knowledge includes research methods such as the analysis of formative and summative assessment, the role of criteria and descriptors in assessment. Observing and comparing, it can be said that the practical application of assessment criteria and assessment tools using Bloom's taxonomy, mind map, modern applications, test developers help to develop cognitive reading, creative and critical thinking.

Pain and Trauma: The Role of Criterion A Trauma and Stressful Life Events in the Pain and PTSD Relationship

Chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) frequently co-occur, and research suggests that these 2 conditions exacerbate one another producing greater impact on normal functioning in combination than separately. The influence of traumatic experiences on both pain and PTSD has been shown, but the nature of this interplay remains unclear. Although Criterion A trauma is required for the diagnosis of PTSD, whether the association between PTSD and chronic pain is dependent on Criterion A is underexplored. In this observational cohort study, we examined the association between pain and PTSD-like symptoms in the context of Criterion A trauma in 5,791 men from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Correlations and mixed-effects regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version symptoms and multiple indicators of pain from the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire across trauma history and chronic pain conditions. 53.21% of the participants experienced trauma consistent with DSM-IV Criterion A for PTSD. The associations between pain indicators and PTSD-like symptoms was stronger for individuals with a history of trauma but remained robust for individuals without trauma history. Small but significant interactions between past trauma and pain indicators and PTSD-like symptoms were observed. Findings were similar in a subsample of participants with history of chronic pain conditions. The relationship between PTSD-like symptoms and indicators of pain were largely independent of trauma consistent with Criterion A, highlighting the need to better understand and address stressful life events in chronic pain patients and pain concerns in individuals reporting trauma. PerspectiveThis article demonstrates that the relationship between PTSD-like symptoms and indicators of pain is largely independent of trauma consistent with Criterion A. This finding highlights the need to better understand and address stressful life events in chronic pain patients and pain concerns in individuals reporting trauma.

An evaluation of DSM-5 Section III personality disorder Criterion A (impairment) in accounting for psychopathology.

An alternative diagnostic model of personality disorders (AMPD) was introduced in DSM-5 that diagnoses PDs based on the presence of personality impairment (Criterion A) and pathological personality traits (Criterion B). Research examining Criterion A has been limited to date, due to the lack of a specific measure to assess it; this changed, however, with the recent publication of a self-report assessment of personality dysfunction as defined by Criterion A (Levels of Personality Functioning Scale-Self-report; LPFS-SR; Morey, 2017). The aim of the current study was to test several key propositions regarding the role of Criterion A in the AMPD including the underlying factor structure of the LPFS-SR, the discriminant validity of the hypothesized factors, whether Criterion A distinguishes personality psychopathology from Axis I symptoms, the overlap between Criterion A and B, and the incremental predictive utility of Criterion A and B in the statistical prediction of traditional PD symptom counts. Neither a single factor model nor an a priori four-factor model of dysfunction fit the data well. The LPFS-SR dimensions were highly interrelated and manifested little evidence of discriminant validity. In addition, the impairment dimensions manifested robust correlations with measures of both Axis I and II constructs, challenging the notion that personality dysfunction is unique to PDs. Finally, multivariate regression analyses suggested that the traits account for substantially more unique variance in DSM-5 Section II PDs than does personality impairment. These results provide important information as to the functioning of the two main components of the DSM-5 AMPD and raise questions about whether the model may need revision moving forward. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Obesity and hypertension: the role of criteria

Relevance. Obesity is the main independent risk factor for hypertension (AH). A close association of obesity with arterial pressure has been repeatedly identified in various ethnic, age and gender groups. A direct link between hypertension and various obesity criteria has been studied in many countries and ethnic groups, but the results of studies show that the criterion of obesity, which most accurately predicts the development of hypertension, has not yet been determined. Objective: to evaluate the relationship of different obesity criteria (BMI, WC, WC/HC, level of IV, IVO) to the level of blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension among the inhabitants of the Siberian region Materials and methods. It was surveyed 1600 people permanently living in the territory of the city of Kemerovo and the Kemerovo region. Statistical processing of data was carried out using the application programs Statistica 6.0. The presence of obesity by various criteria: body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WC/HC), waist circumference (WC), visceral fat (LV) level, visceral obesity index (IVO). Results. The prevalence of hypertension was 66.2% among men and 66.5% among women (p=0.886). In the obese group, the prevalence of hypertension varied in men from 75.6% (according to the BMI and WC/HC criteria) to 85.9% (visceral fat level), in women from 76.0% (according to WC/HC) to 94.0% (according to the level of visceral fat). In the presence of obesity, according to all the criteria studied, the percentage of a correctly predicted AH was 77.0%, using only one criterion, ranged from 72.7% (LV level) to 75.9% (WC), using two criteria - from 74.4% (BMI+LV level) to 76.3% (WC/HC+WC). Conclusions. The level of blood pressure was influenced by most of the obesity criteria studied, however, the greatest increase in SBP was recorded in the presence of obesity in terms of WC, DBP - in visceral fat. All obesity criteria studied (BMI, WC/HC, WC, IV level, IVO) showed a statistically significant effect on the likelihood of developing hypertension, but more so on BMI (obesity was associated with a 2.15-fold increase in AH).

Multi-criteria analysis of microalgae production in Iran

With deployment of renewable energy utilization, biofuels have an important role in government policies. Microalgae is an important and promising biofuel source that has high potential for production in some areas such as Iran. Studies show that Iran’s climate is suitable for cultivation of microalgae. The aim of the current work is to first identify the most important criteria for production of microalgae. Then, the best areas for cultivation of microalgae are ranked based on the identified criteria and expert opinions using the analytic hierarchy process method. The main criteria identified are land, climate, water and nutrients, and the existing infrastructure needed to cultivate algae. The main contributors for selecting the best areas for algae production are climate, and water and natural resources. The overall results show that the Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf are the best candidates for algae production. A comparison is also carried out between the present study and the previous study by the authors to explain more about the role of criteria in the site selection.

Medical staff opposition to a deep and continuous palliative sedation request under Claeys-Leonetti law

BackgroundFor the year 2018, the French government plans a revision of bioethics laws, including certainly the recent Claeys-Leonetti law introducing the right to deep and continuous sedation at the request of palliative patients and prohibiting euthanasia for end-of-life patients. Because there is no published data on medical staff opposition to a deep and continuous palliative sedation request under Claeys-Leonetti law, we believe this report may give insight into physicians’ decision making, into the role of criteria for prudent practice, and thus contribute to the bioethical debate.Case presentationWe report a 70-year-old patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharyngeal region, who categorically refused any treatment since one year and asked for deep and continuous palliative sedation until death after attempting suicide. The patient’s request was examined and denied by palliative multidisciplinary board, in accordance with by the French Oncology Coordination Centre guidelines. This situation did not fulfil the criteria requested by Claeys-Leonetti law.ConclusionsAs highlighted by the present case-report, patient’s expectation regarding palliative sedation can be ambivalent with properly so called euthanasia or assisted suicide. This ambivalent perception was part of the controversy surrounding the parliamentary debate, which is still relevant. This case report supports that deep and continuous sedation under Claeys-Leonetti law need to meet specific criteria defined by the law and documented in the medical files as a safeguard against inappropriate practice. In fact, one of the shortcomings of the current arrangements of Claeys-Leonetti law is a lack of objective medical-based criteria. So it is necessary that scientific peer-reviews papers be published quickly in order to deepen the bioethical debate on the end of life.

The probability of reciprocal monophyly of gene lineages in three and four species

Reciprocal monophyly, a feature of a genealogy in which multiple groups of descendant lineages each consist of all of the descendants of their respective most recent common ancestors, has been an important concept in studies of species delimitation, phylogeography, population history reconstruction, systematics, and conservation. Computations involving the probability that reciprocal monophyly is observed in a genealogy have played a key role in criteria for defining taxonomic groups and inferring divergence times. The probability of reciprocal monophyly under a coalescent model of population divergence has been studied in detail for groups of gene lineages for pairs of species. Here, we extend this computation to generate corresponding probabilities for sets of gene lineages from three and four species. We study the effects of model parameters on the probability of reciprocal monophyly, finding that it is driven primarily by species tree height, with lesser but still substantial influences of internal branch lengths and sample sizes. We also provide an example application of our results to data from maize and teosinte.

The role of decision criterion in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) false recognition memory: False memory falls and rises as a function of restriction on criterion setting.

How much of the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) false memory is attributable to decision criterion is so far a controversial issue. Previous studies typically used explicit warnings against accepting the critical lure to investigate this issue. The assumption is that if the false memory results from using a liberally biased criterion, it should be greatly reduced or eliminated by an explicit warning against accepting the critical lure. Results showed that warning was generally ineffective. We asked the question of whether subjects can substantially reduce false recognition without being warned when the test forces them to make a distinction between true and false memories. Using a two-alternative forced choice in which criterion plays a relatively smaller role, we showed that subjects could indeed greatly reduce the rate of false recognition. However, when the forced-choice restriction was removed from the two-item choice test, the rate of false recognition rebounded to that of the hit for studied list words, indicating the role of criterion in false recognition.

Quantitative assessment of the identifiability of pipeline systems★The research was carried out within the project III.17.4.3 of the Fundamental research program of SB RAS (AAAA-A17-117030310437-4)

The article is devoted to the issues of quantitative assessment of the identifiability of the pipeline systems (heat, water, gas supply systems etc.). Identifiability is first considered as a complex property, including such particular properties as observability and parametric identifiability. A brief description of the topic relevance and a review of available development in this sphere allow giving the structuring of identifiability analysis problems. The technique of differentiate quantitative analysis of this property is disclosed. It based on the use of analytical expressions for covariance matrices of parameters. New concepts of experimental matrices, parametric identifiability and observability of pipeline systems are introduced. Analytic expressions for these matrices are given. The substantiation of the integral indicators of the pipeline systems identifiability is presented, including the covariance matrix determinant for the estimated parameters and the relative variance of the prediction for non-measurable state parameters. The analytical interrelation of these indicators is opened. These indicators can be accepted in a role of criteria at decision of synthesis problems for optimal measurements composition.

The role of criteria in selecting important areas for conservation in biodiversity‐rich territories

AbstractAimTo improve our knowledge of the process of selection of important plant areas (IPAs), a recent requirement of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. The study was conducted at a hotspot of plant conservation in the European continent, using a comprehensive database of plant species distribution in the area.LocationSpain.MethodsWe used range distribution data for 3218 vascular plants found in Spain, in the form of 10 km UTM squares, totalling 169,124 species occurrences across 5508 UTM cells. We identified IPAs by scoring threat status, endemism, rarity, phylogeny and species richness. We then performed two different analyses, with and without incorporating the species richness score of every square. Finally, a null model was used to obtain a general pattern of species occurrences, we computed an index of occurrence richness (SI), and then we selected a number of specific territories of different sizes to reveal differences in sampling effort within the study area.ResultsWe identified IPAs in Spain according to the proposed scoring method. We detected a positive relationship among richness and total score calculated with the rest of the criteria. However, endemism and threat status produced certain specific effects for species‐poor squares. Regarding sample bias, we detected over‐ and under‐recorded areas. This bias seems to be due to the accumulation of field prospecting in species‐rich areas in detriment to poor areas.Main conclusionsWe envisage two different approaches to address IPA selection in hotspots. First, we advocate a complementary scoring‐mapping method for areas where a relatively large amount of range distribution data and plant knowledge is available. Secondly, as richness per se encompasses a great amount of biogeographical information, we suggest using species richness or any other environmental surrogate to delineate preliminary IPAs in poorly known but species‐rich territories.

The PCQP Score for Volume Status of Acutely Ill Patients: Integrating Vascular Pedicle Width, Caval Index, Respiratory Variability of the QRS Complex and R Wave Amplitude.

Introduction:Techniques for measuring volume status of critically ill patients include invasive, less invasive, or noninvasive ones. The present study aims to assess the accuracy of noninvasive techniques for measuring volume status of critically ill patients.Patients and Methods:A total of 111 critically ill patients admitted to the emergency department and undergoing central venous catheterization were included in the study. Five parameters were measured including vascular pedicle width (VPW), diameter of inferior vena cava, caval index, respiratory changes in QRS, and P wave amplitude. Patients with risk factors which could decrease the accuracy of central venous pressure (CVP) value were excluded from study. We compared these parameters with static CVP parameter. Finally, based on the afore-mentioned parameters, PCQP role in criteria was designed.Results:In detecting loss of circulating blood volume, area under the curve of VPW was 0.92 (90%, confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–0.99), diameter of inferior vena cava was 0.82 (90%, CI: 0.72–0.91), caval index was 0.9 (90%, CI: 0.82–0.98), and changes in QRS and P waves were 0.88 (95%, CI: 0.81–0.95) and 0.73 (95%, CI: 0.63–0.82), respectively. PCQP role in criteria was designed according to these parameters, and at its best cutoff point (score 6), VPW had a sensitivity of 97.4% (95%, CI: 84.57–99.99) and specificity of 83.6% (95%, CI: 72.65–90.86) for the detection of loss of circulating blood volume (<8 cmH2O).Conclusion:PCQP score could be a reliable and noninvasive technique for the assessment of volume status in critically ill patients.

Quantum-Chemical Characteristics as a Criterion of Efficiency of Quaternary Salts with Antibacterial Properties for the Inhibition of Biocorrosion of Steel

We study the properties of the quaternary salts of pyridinium, imidazopyridinium and imidazoazepinium as inhibitors of the corrosion of St3ps steel caused by sulfate-reducing bacteria of the Desulfovibrio genus. These bacteria can be regarded as the main component of the corrosive natural communities of soil. It is shown that the role of criterion of the efficiency of quaternary salts in the case of biocorrosion of low-carbon steels can be played by their reaction ability characterized by the electric charges on adsorption-reactive centers, dipole moment, and energy gap. A good correlation dependence of the degree of protection on the energy gap is discovered.

Teachers’ use of a self-assessment procedure: the role of criteria, standards, feedback and reflection

This article reports on the way teachers assess their own coaching competencies regarding the development of vocational education students’ reflection skills. The participating teachers used a self-assessment procedure in which they had to judge themselves with the help of criteria and standards, received feedback from a colleague based on the same criteria and standards, and wrote a reflection report about their learning experiences. To investigate teachers’ use of the assessment procedure, completed self-assessment forms, completed colleague assessment forms, video-taped feedback conversations with peers (colleagues) and written reflective reports of 24 teachers were analysed. Overall, it can be concluded that teachers’ use of the self-assessment procedure can be characterized by: (1) slightly positive assessments of teachers about their own performance as well as those they received from their colleagues, (2) constructive peer feedback that was generally accepted by the teachers who were assessed and (3) clear and informative reflective reports by the teachers mainly focusing at their own actions resulting from the self-assessment. This study shows that teachers can benefit from a self-assessment procedure and improve their competencies in coaching students’ reflection skills.

Role of involutive criteria in computing Boolean Gröbner bases

In this paper, effectiveness of using four criteria in an involutive algorithm based on the Pommaret division for construction of Boolean Grobner bases is studied. One of the results of this study is the observation that the role of the criteria in computations in Boolean rings is much less than that in computations in an ordinary ring of polynomials over the field of integers. Another conclusion of this study is that the efficiency of the second and/or third criteria is higher than that of the two others.

A Meta-Analytic Investigation of Business Ethics Instruction

The education of students and professionals in business ethics is an increasingly important goal on the agenda of business schools and corporations. The present study provides a meta-analysis of 25 previously conducted business ethics instructional programs. The role of criteria, study design, participant characteristics, quality of instruction, instructional content, instructional program characteristics, and characteristics of instructional methods as moderators of the effectiveness of business ethics instruction were examined. Overall, results indicate that business ethics instructional programs have a minimal␣impact on increasing outcomes related to ethical perceptions, behavior, or awareness. However, specific criteria, content, and methodological moderators of effectiveness shed light on potential recommendations for␣improving business ethics instruction. Implications for␣future research and practice in business ethics are discussed.

Psychopathologie na rampen: algemene karakteristieken en kritische kanttekeningen

Psychopathology after disasters: General characteristics and critical concerns This article presents a comprehensive review of psychopathology after disasters. The central concept of the article is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Explained are relevant criteria of this disorder, prevalence findings, and related mental disorders, such as depression. The course of PTSD as well as biological dimensions are described. Furthermore, the author examines various critical issues with regard to the concept of PTSD, such as the definition of the traumatic stressor, the role of criterion F (functional impairment), the matter of simulation, and the problem of co-morbidity. Finally, pros and contras of the concept are reviewed.

Eligibility Criteria and Entitlements: Defining Need for NHS Continuing Care

The 1995 guidance HSG(95)8 “NHS Responsibilities for Meeting Continuing Health Care Needs” required health authorities to develop local policies and eligibility criteria for a range of continuing care services. The role of criteria in defining health need, and the potential effect on open‐ended rights to NHS care, need to be considered in light of the prior erosion of rights associated with changes in continuing care provision. This paper examines whether the development of eligibility criteria has led to a loss of entitlements to NHS care. Analysis of empirical evidence from a study of the policies and criteria of six health authorities found that criteria for fully funded care were generally well defined and restricted access to those with very intense and specialist needs, thereby constituting a loss of rights. In contrast, the criteria for community‐based services left eligibility dependent on professional discretion but often failed to clarify the relationship between individual need and levels of service provision. The research found that resource limits are likely to remain a factor in the allocation of services and this will affect the status of the criteria as potential entitlements.

Supporting the creative user: a criteria-based approach to interaction design

The paper is concerned with the design of interactive systems for creative users. It draws upon results from design research and studies of creativity. The role of criteria in design is discussed and a criteria-based modelling approach to interactive system design is proposed.

Role of criteria in design and management of space systems

Explicit requirements and standards arising in connection with space systems management serve as a framework for technical management and furnish legally binding control of development, verification, and operations. As a project develops, additional requirements are derived which are unique to the system in question; these are designated 'derived requirements'. The reliability and cost-effectiveness of a space system are best ensured where a balance has arisen between formal (legally binding) and informal. Attention is presently given to the development of criteria consistent with total quality management.

Role of Criterion II in accreditation.

Role of Criterion II in accreditation.