Role Of Color Doppler Ultrasonography Research Articles

The role of color doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis in ophthalmic patients.

In the case of ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) or retinal artery occlusion (RAO), distinguishing arteritic from non-arteritic can limit or prevent irreversible bilateral blindness. Here, the utility of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) in diagnosing giant cell arteritis (GCA) was evaluated. In this retrospective analysis, a total of 38 cases diagnosed with ION or RAO were included, that presented to our department in the years 2018 up to 2021 and underwent both CDUS and temporal artery biopsy (TAB). The evaluation is based on TAB as reference standard. CDUS resulted in a sensitivity of 65.0% and a specificity of 100% (when excluding two inconclusive assessments). Therefore, when limiting TAB to only suspected cases with negative or unclear CDUS findings, the sensitivity and the specificity would remain unchanged at 100%, while reducing the need for TAB by 42.1%. Overall, the data suggest the implementation of a stepwise diagnostic algorithm to confirm or rule out GCA, in which the CDUS plays a key role, thus omitting the requirement for TAB in many cases.

Subclinical Deep Vein Thrombosis; Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography before Bariatric Surgery

Subclinical Deep Vein Thrombosis; Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography before Bariatric Surgery

Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in evaluation of hemodialysis AV fistula

Background: A significant percentage of the Egyptian population is affected by end-stage kidney disease, which requires long-term hemodialysis. For patients receiving regular hemodialysis, the arteriovenous fistula is now the method most frequently employed to provide vascular access. Objective: The current study's objective was to assess the role and utility of CDUS in assessing vascular access and identifying shunt complications for hemodialysis. Patients and methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial investigation has been carried out at the Health Insurance Hospital Nasr City's radio-diagnosis department. We included a sample size of thirty patients who needed an arteriovenous fistula in the upper limb for hemodialysis. Patients ranged in age from 8 to 70 and were both male and female. Results: The majority of patients had normal vessel diameters. 6 patients (20%) have a BB fistula, 8 patients (26.7%) have an RC fistula, and 15 patients (50%) have a BC fistula. The study showed a mean age of AVF maturation occurs 2.17 ± 0.379 weeks after its 1st creation. 3 patients had an uncomplicated 10% and 27 patients had shunt complications of 90%. The investigation revealed a significant percentage of venous thrombosis (12 patients, 40%), stenosis (9 patients, 30%), aneurysmal dilatation (6 patients, 20%), pseudoaneurysmal formation (3 patients, 10%), and finally steal syndrome (3.3%, 1 patient). Conclusion: Early identification and repair of a failing hemodialysis fistula can improve the quality of hemodialysis treatment. For patients having AV dysfunction, the CDUS results from this series were useful in determining further treatment care.

Role of color Doppler ultrasonography in predicting the viability of bowel loops in children with intussusception

Role of color Doppler ultrasonography in predicting the viability of bowel loops in children with intussusception

The Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in the Prevention of Thromboembolic Disease after Total Hip Replacement

The Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in the Prevention of Thromboembolic Disease after Total Hip Replacement

The Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in the Prevention of Thromboembolic Disease after Total Hip Replacement

Orthopedic and trauma surgery carries a high risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower limbs and acute pulmonary embolism (APE). In traumatology, the greatest risk is in hip fractures of the proximal extremity of the femur, especially those of the neck, and intertrochanteric fractures. In orthopedics the risk of thromboembolic complications (TEC) is particularly high in hip and knee surgery, especially in prosthetic replacement, as general factors are associated with local factors such as trauma to vessels and / or blood stasis which further aggravate the perioperative imbalance of the coagulation system. In particular, hip replacement surgery is the one that shows a higher frequency of DVT (especially affecting the proximal large vessels), and of TEC, so much so that pulmonary embolism is one of the main causes of death after this intervention. In this paper, we review the different instruments used for the diagnosis of DVT such as phlebography, radiolabeled fibrinogen collection test, impedance, plethysmography, ultrasound, nuclear magnetic resonance and computed tomography. We also discuss the different prophylaxis methods for DVT and subsequent PE prevention. Then, we performed an experimental study on 420 patient’s operated on for total hip replacement at the 1st Orthopedic Clinic of the University of Florence and other private clinics in the period between 1994-1996. These are 286 first cemented implants, 36 first hybrid implants, 38 first cementless implants and 60 hip replacement reviews. This study showed the importance of color doppler ultrasonography in the prevention of DVT in hip replacement patients and subsequent APE prophylaxis. Significant relationship was found between APE and the protocole used to follow up with the patients (Pvalue 0.0007). Patients in group 2 in which only clinical control (no preoperative color doppler ultrasonography assessment) was performed have higher risk for APE To Occur Than patients in group 1 to whom pre and post-operative color doppler ultrasonography was routinely applied.

Role of colour Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of deep vein thrombosis of peripheral limbs at a tertiary care centre in Kathmandu

Deep venous thrombosis is the development of blood clots in the deep veins. The management of deep venous thrombosis has been irreversibly altered after the introduction of Doppler ultrasound. This study aims to find out the prevalence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs diagnosed with colour Doppler ultrasonography at a tertiary care centre. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiology at a tertiary care hospital from October, 2021 to March, 2022. The study was conducted among 100 patients with clinically suspected deep venous thrombosis. Data were entered and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Point estimate at 95.0% confidence limits was calculated and results were expressed in frequency and proportion for binary data. Among 100 patients, deep venous thrombosis was diagnosed in 88 (88.0%) patients (95% CL: 81.63-94.37). The patients had a mean age of 48.4±1.6 years. Out of 88 patients, 46 (52.3%) were male and 42 (47.7%) were female. Seventy-three (82.9%) patients had acute DVT. Multiple contiguous veins were predominantly involved (75.0%) than isolated veins (25.0%). Coexisting pathological conditions were seen in 41 cases (46.6%). The prevalence of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs diagnosed with colour Doppler ultrasonography was higher when compared to other similar reported literatures.

The Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance in the Prenatal Diagnosis of Placenta Accrete

Background: Placenta accrete is a clinical and diagnostic challenge that is being with increasing frequency and may lead to catastrophic blood loss and related complications. Color doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging are considered as specific imaging modalities and have very important role in the prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta. Objectives: The aim of the current work was to evaluate the diagnostic value of color doppler ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the prenatal assessment of placenta accreta. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 40 pregnant women (from 32 to 40 weeks of pregnancy) with placenta previa and presented with manifestations of suspected placenta accreta. Their age ranged from 19 to 40 years with mean age of 31.8 years. All cases were subjected to ultrasound examination, but MRI was done in 33 cases prior to elective delivery. Results: Cases diagnosed of having placenta accreta were 18 out of 40 cases (45 %). Among those 18 cases; placenta found tobe accreta in 6 patients, increta in 7 patients and percreta in 5 patients. Our study showed high statistical significance between occurrence of Placenta accrete & prior uterine surgeries as a risk factor. Overall accuracy of ultrasound was 88%, while that of MRI was 85%. Ultrasound showed better specificity (86%) than that of MRI (81%), but MRI showed better sensitivity (92%) than that of ultrasound (89%). Conclusion: It could be concluded that both ultrasound and magnetic resonance have fairly good sensitivity and specificity for prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta. Color doppler ultrasound remains the first primary screening imaging modality used to evaluate suspected placenta accreta and MRI is suggested as an alternative complementary tool to ultrasound in cases with inconclusive criteria.

Role of Colour Doppler Ultrasonography of Extracranial Carotid Vessels in Ischaemic Stroke

Stroke is classically characterized as a neurological deficit attributed to a vascular cause causing an acute focal injury of the central nervous system (CNS). Stroke is one the leading causes of disability, dementia and death worldwide. The aim of our study is to evaluate carotid arteries of stroke patients with colour doppler ultrasonography and comparison of the results of study with available literature. Material and Methods: This prospective study was approved by the Institutional ethics board and was carried out on 80 patients who presented with complaints of cerebrovascular accident to the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences between June 2019 to February 2020. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients and their family members. Following a detail history and physical examination, a CT scan of the head was performed on a Toshiba Asterion 16-slice CT Imager. Patients then underwent Colour Doppler ultrasonography of bilateral extracranial vessels and all the findings were documented. Patients with hemorrhagic stroke, established carotid artery stenosis, vertebrobasilar insufficiency and those with multiple complicated carotid artery plaques were excluded. Results: 80 patients were included in the study with 61- 70 years being the most commonly affected age group. Many of the patients had varying degrees of atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic carotid disease. 70% of the patients showed unilateral carotid plaque disease whilst 30% accounting to bilateral disease. A total of 83 plaques were evaluated for location, morphology and degree of stenosis with the most common location of the plaque was at carotid bulb in ~47% followed by 31% in CCA, 20% in ICA and 1.2% in ECA. Based on morphology, plaques were divided into 5 types. Of these Type I and Type II were the most predominant accounting to 30% and 26.5% respectively. Majority of the patients had a stenosis of

The Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in the Perioperative Period of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Comparison with Transit-Time Flow Measurement

Introduction: The value of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) with the supraclavicular approach for preoperative evaluation of the native left internal mammary artery (LIMA) as well as for the postoperative detection of LIMA graft patency was recently suggested. However, the parameters such as the flow volume and pulsatile index (PI) have not been studied in detail. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to analyze the LIMA data in the perioperative period and explore the relationships between the intraoperative graft flow with transit-time flow measurement (TTFM) and the postoperatively measured parameters with CDUS. Methods: Fifty-eight patients with significant stenosis (≥70%) or occlusions in left anterior descending artery (LAD) who were referred for isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were enrolled in this study and examined by CDUS prior to CABG from April to July 2016. The perioperative measurements of proximal LIMA by CDUS were compared. In addition, the correlation between the intraoperative graft flow, such as the mean graft flow (MGF) and PI, and the immediate postoperative measurements of CDUS in LIMA bypassed grafts was statistically analyzed. Results: Six patients were excluded due to screening failure, or insufficient visualization of CDUS images for analysis. Fifty-two patients with in situ LIMA-LAD graft, with or without additional arterial grafts or saphenous vein grafts, were included in the final analysis. The postoperative diameters of proximal LIMA were not significantly different from preoperative diameters (2.21 ± 0.18 vs. 2.27 ± 0.22 mm, p = 0.070). The flow volume on the early postoperative CDUS significantly increased (39.77 ± 21.59 vs. 25.96 ± 13.17 mL/min, p < 0.001) and the PI significantly decreased (1.43 ± 0.46 vs. 4.20 ± 1.49, p < 0.001) versus those of preoperative measurements. The MGF had a moderate correlation with the flow volume on the early postoperative CDUS (r = 0.414, p = 0.002), and the PI by TTFM had a weak correlation with that by CDUS (r = 0.353, p = 0.010) as well. Conclusions: The MGF and PI by TTFM in CABG were associated with in situ LIMA graft parameters measured by CDUS studies. CDUS is a useful functional noninvasive tool for the preoperative screening and postoperative follow-up of patients with in situ LIMA bypass.

Color Doppler Ultrasonography of digital arteries and digital ulcers development in systemic sclerosis

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography (CDUS) of proper palmar digital arteries (PPDA) as predictive marker of new digital ulcers (DUs) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients during 5 years follow-up. Methods36 SSc patients were examined using nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and CDUS of PPDA. ResultsFourteen (38.9%) patients had chronic or acute occlusions (C and D pattern) on CDUS evaluation. Using a cut-off of 0.70, 21 (58.3%) patients had a Resistive Index (RI) ≥0.70. Nineteen (52.8%) patients developed new DUs during the follow-up. The median value of RI was higher in SSc patients with DUs than in SSc patients without DUs [0.73 (IQR 0.70–0.81) vs 0.67 (IQR 0.57–0.70), p < 0.0001].The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a free survival from new DUs higher (p < 0.01) in SSc patients with Pattern A and B than SSc patients with Pattern C and D. The Kaplan-Meier curves showed that free survival from new DUs is lower (p < 0.001) in SSc patients with increased RI (≥0.70) than in SSc patients with normal RI.In multivariate analysis with two co-variates, RI ≥ 0.70 [HR 5.197 (1.471–18.359), p < 0.01] and NVC late scleroderma pattern [HR 7.087 (1.989–25.246), p < 0.01] were predictive markers of new DUs. ConclusionsRI of PPDA in association with NVC could be used to evaluate SSc patients with increased risk of new DUs development.

Role of color doppler ultrasonography in acute scrotum

Role of color doppler ultrasonography in acute scrotum

ROLE OF COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY VERSUS TRIPHASIC CT WITH PORTOGRAPHY IN PORTAL VEIN THROMBOSIS

Back ground: Although portal vein thrombosis is a rare event among general population, its prevalence in cirrhotic patients about 28 % (1). Generally liver cirrhosis is a widespread disease, the differentiation between bland and malignant thrombus is very essential as neoplastic portal vein thrombosis gravely affects the prognosis and the subsequent treatment options (1). Doppler ultrasonography usually the first noninvasive modality used to diagnose portal vein thrombosis, using color and spectral data analysis. Triphasic CT with portography is very helpful to differentiate bland from malignant thrombus and enable characterization of malignant portal vein thrombosis using maximum intensity projection (MIP) reconstruction allow better analysis of the thrombus (2).Aim of the work: To show the role of color Doppler ultrasonography (US) and Triphasic CT in diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and differentiation between bland and tumoral thrombus.Patient and Methods: This study included 32 cases presented with portal vein thrombosis clinically and radiologically.Results: Of the 32 subjects,21 had malignant PVT and 11 patients had benign PVT. Direct invasion of portal vein from adjacent focal lesion had the highest sensitivity 95.2 % was achieved, with a specificity of 100 %. The Positive predictive value (PPV) was 100 %, while the negative predictive value (NPV) was 91.7 %. Early arterial enhancement and rapid washout of contrast showed 76.2 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity, PPV 100 % and NPV 68.8 %. Pulsatile flow within the thrombus depicted 38.1 % sensitivity, 100 % specificity with PPV 100 % and NPV 45.8 %.Conclusion: Triphasic CT and color Doppler US have to be considered a useful tools in evaluating portal vein thrombosis provides helpful information for the detection and characterization of malignant and benign portal vein thrombi.

DOPPLER STUDY OF THE UTERINE AND UMBILICALARTERY TO PREDICT INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION

The primary objective of this study is to transvalue the role of colour doppler sonography in the evaluation of pregnancy with intrauterine growth restriction. The study included 50 antenatal women with singleton pregnancy diagnosed as having a fetus with intrauterine growth restriction based on greyscale ultrasound findings. Further, an obstetric Doppler Ultrasound was done, and diagnostic statistics were applied to determine the Umbilical artery PI, RI, and Uterine artery PI, RI and correlating with perinatal outcomes. The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were determined for all Doppler measurements. Among women with an identifiable cause, 42% had pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), 40% had moderate to severe anaemia complicating pregnancy. At the same time, 20% of the study group had no detectable cause for IUGR. The persistence of early diastolic notch beyond 26 weeks showed 60% sensitivity as a predictor for the perinatal outcome. The sensitivity of RI, PI of the uterine artery in predicting perinatal outcomes was 73 % and 76.7 %, respectively. Whereas, the sensitivity of RI, PI of the Umbilical artery in predicting perinatal outcomes was 63% and 70%, respectively. Doppler imaging provides indirect evidence of fetal compromise and is known to improve outcomes of high-risk pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction. Hence, it is of eminent value for monitoring during the pregnancy.

Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Artery in Stroke Patients: A Prospective Study

Introduction: Stroke is life threatening &amp; debilitating neurological disease, defined as focal neurological deficit of sudden onset lasting &gt;24 hours &amp; vascular in origin. Significant association between ischemic type of stroke with carotid artery disease seen, more prevalent with carotid artery stenosis. &#x0D; Objectives: This study was done to show association between extracranial carotid artery disease &amp; cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) with the help of Color Doppler Sonography (CDS). The association between carotid artery disease with associated risk factors were also assessed. &#x0D; Methodology: In this ethically approved prospective study, carotid CDS was done in 79 consecutive patients with diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The various parameters studied included peak systolic velocity (PSV) of internal carotid artery (ICA) &amp; common carotid artery (CCA), ICA/CCA PSV ratio &amp; plaque characteristics. The data collected was analyzed with appropriate statistical test of significance was calculated. &#x0D; Results: Total 79 patients with AIS included out of which 53 were males &amp; 26 were females. The most common presenting complains were hemiparesis (30.4%) &amp; most commonly associated risk factors included hypertension (62.02%). Right sided strokes were most common (44.3%) &amp; middle cerebral artery was most commonly involved vascular territory. Significant stenosis (≥50%) of carotid artery was seen in 27 patients with ICA most common site (45.8%) for plaque formation. Bilateral carotid artery involvement (52.1%) with hypoechoic echotexture of atheromatous plaques (46.6%) was most responsible for significant stenosis &amp; increased intima media thickness. Increased value of PSV &amp; EDV was seen in the stenotic area in the proportion of stenosis with increased PSV ICA/CCA ratio of more than three indicates &gt;60% stenosis. &#x0D; Conclusion: The present study showed well documented role of carotid doppler in detection of site &amp; extent of carotid artery stenosis due to atheromatous plaques of various characteristics playing critical role in thromboembolic phenomenon responsible for development of stroke.

Effects of Rex-bypass shunt on the cavernous transformation of the portal vein in children: evaluation by the color Doppler ultrasonography

BackgroundThe study was to investigate the role of color Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of the effect of Rex-bypass shunt on the cavernous transformation of the portal vein (CTPV) in children.MethodsFifty children with symptomatic extrahepatic portal hypertension who received Rex-bypass shunt were retrospectively reviewed, and they were diagnosed with CTPV by ultrasonography. The clinical characteristics were analyzed before and after operation.ResultsForty-five patients received color Doppler ultrasonography at 6 months after surgery, and good patency in the bypass vessels was displayed. The platelet count significantly increased (P < 0.001) and the esophagogastric varices were improved significantly (p < 0.001). The patency of bypass vessels on color Doppler ultrasonography was consistent with the changes in the platelet count and the degree of esophagogastric varices on gastroscopy before and after operation. The diameter of bypass vessels at 6 months was slightly larger than that at 7 days after operation, and there was no significant difference in blood flow velocity between two time points (P = 0.507).ConclusionsColor Doppler ultrasonography can display the patency, diameter, and flow velocity of bypass vessels. It plays an important role in evaluating the effect of Rex-bypass shunt on the CTPV.

Role of ultrasonography in assessment of postoperative vascular complications in recipients of living donor liver transplantation

Objective The aim was to evaluate the role of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) in the evaluation of vascular complications detected in recipients of living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Background Post-transplant-related vascular complications remain threat to the recipients' survival. A higher risk for vascular complications was found in LDLT recipients because of complex vascular reconstruction and slender vessels. CDUS acted as a first-modality imaging technique to detect vascular complications in the early and late follow-up period. Patients and methods A total of 60 liver transplant recipients who underwent LDLT in National Liver Institute Menoufia University were included. The study was done over a period of 25 months from January 2016 to January 2018. These recipients underwent serial color Doppler sonographic evaluation of hepatic arteries, portal vein, and hepatic veins after surgery. Patients with abnormal sonographic finding underwent subsequent angiography. Results The study was done by gray-scale, CDUS and included 47 patients of 60 recipients who showed suspicious vascular complications as follows: 26, 13, and eight patients had suspected arterial, portal, and hepatic venous complications, respectively. All these patients underwent conventional angiography. The sensitivity and specificity of CDUS in the evaluation of arterial, portal, and hepatic venous complications were 95, 87.5, and 87%, respectively, and 86, 91, and 96%, respectively, and for the latest complications was 87 and 96%, respectively. Conclusion CDUS was the preferred postoperative screening method; it was an initial recipient workup for post-LDLT. Providing a perfect evaluation of hepatic vasculature and assessment of early and lately presented vascular complications.

Acute Scrotum: Validating the role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in children and young adults

Introduction: Acute scrotum is a surgical emergency and a rapid diagnosis is important to save testis from irreversible harm. Study was carried out to outline the etiology of acute scrotum in children and young adults to establish the role of Doppler Ultrasonography substantiating the role of clinical examination. Materials and Methods: In this study we examined reliability of color Doppler ultrasonography comparing operative finding and clinical course. 50 patients of less than 25 years of age with acute scrotum admitted or managed in OPD were included in the study. The patients were categorized into two groups. One group comprised of patients who needed immediate surgical exploration on the basis of history, physical examination and Doppler Ultrasonography (suggestive of testicular torsion).The second group, had patients who on the basis of history, physical examination and Doppler Ultrasonography (suggestive of epididymo-orchitis, etc) were managed conservatively. Results: Doppler ultrasonography in acute scrotum diagnosed the condition with torsion of testis, epididymo-orchitis and torsion of testicular appendages. Sensitivity and specificity of Color Doppler ultrasonography for testicular torsion was 86.93% and 92.6% respectively and for epididymo-orchitis was 95.3% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: Color Doppler Ultrasonography is highly sensitive, specific, very safe and a noninvasive method of evaluating acute scrotum in children and young adults. It is not only helpful in timely surgical intervention for testicular salvage but also helps in avoiding unnecessary surgical exploration.

Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Assessment of Vascular Access Surveillance in Hemodialysis Patients.

Role of Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Assessment of Vascular Access Surveillance in Hemodialysis Patients.

The clinical importance of color Doppler ultrasonography in puncture related complications of hemodialysis vascular access

BackgroundThe long-term survival of patients on hemodialysis (HD) is dependent on adequate HD which depends on quality and degree of functionality of vascular access. The aim of our study is to detect the role of color Doppler ultrasonography in evaluation of arteriovenous fistula (AVF).Materials and methodsBetween January 2017 and October 2017, 60 patients had complicated AVF at Qena General Hospital & Qena University Hospital as primary and tertiary centers respectively with the same age group between 18 and 50 years old, had no diabetes mellitus were evaluated using color duplex-Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) after AVF maturation for detection of complications and comparison between primary and tertiary centers of its incidence.ResultsThe overall results revealed that 11 patients from 30 patients that had been referred to tertiary centers have complicated AVF (36.7%), and 19 patients had no shunt complication (63.3%). Twenty-two patients from 30 patients that had been referred to primary HD centers had complicated shunts. Thrombosis at tertiary centers represents 13.3%, stenosis 3.3% (1 patient), aneurysmal formation had 6.6% for (2 patients), hematoma 6.6%(2 patients), infection 3.3% (1 patient), venous hypertension 3.3% (1 patient), thrombosis and hematoma at primary centers 16.6% (5 patients for each), aneurysmal formation and infection 13.3% for each, and stenosis 10%.ConclusionsCDUS is a readily-available, non-invasive, risk-free, bed-side technique that allows precise anatomic knowledge, qualitative, and quantitative data of the upper limb vascular system which greatly help in preoperative planning of AVF creation, assessment of prime time for puncture (maturation), early detection of complications, and choice of appropriate therapeutic procedure for their treatment.