The correlation between individuals’ creativity performances in a one-to-one interactive situation was preliminarily explored. Neuroimaging has provided many insights into the neural connectome that underlies creativity; however, the role of brain structure in individuals’ creativity performance when collaborating with others remains largely unexplored. Therefore, this study collected data from 74 single- and paired-player participants using an interactive creativity task platform, including the alternative use task (AUT) and the Chinese Radical Remote Associates Test (CRRAT). Participants’ AUT and CRRAT scores in the above two modes were collected to analyze the moderating effects of connective efficiency (CE). The results showed that the relationship between originality performance in the single- and paired-player modes was moderated by four theoretical graph measures. Specifically, in the case of a high clustering coefficient, local efficiency, global efficiency, or low characteristic path length, individual originality performance was more predictive of interactive originality. Additionally, the relationship between fluency performance in the above two modes was not moderated by CE, flexibility, or CRRAT performance. This study identified the effects of neural transmission efficiency on the relationship between creativity in the two modes. This study investigated neurocognitive factors influencing creativity performance in interactive situations.