Role Of Artisans Research Articles

Straw Craftsmanship from Port of Sauípe-BA: Possibility of Become a Geographic Indication

Objective: Present the potential of the Geographical Indication for straw handicrafts from Porto de Sauípe – Bahia based on the Methodology for Identifying Potential Brazilian Geographical Indications, developed by the Micro and Small Business Support Service (Sebrae). Theoretical Framework: The article shows some reports that provide information about the history and context of straw crafts in Porto de Sauípe, including local traditions and the role of artisans in the production of the products. Method: The research has a qualitative approach with data collection through bibliographic survey and interviews with local artisans. Results and Discussion: The results showed that the Porto de Sauípe region has factors that provide a quality product (handicrafts) with unique characteristics. The handicrafts have market potential, notoriety and great socioeconomic importance for local artisans. One of the main restrictions for the Geographical Indication is related to the criteria that require more attention, such as governance, research involved and vision of the future. Research Implications: The research makes it possible to analyze the potential of Geographical Indications in other regions that have potential for manufacturing products with notoriety and requirements for registration. Originality/Value: The study provides support to academics and artisans in Brazil, demonstrating the importance of the piassava production chain for maintaining crafts and generating local employment and income.

The Role of Artisans in the Circumcision Festival of 1675 During the Reign of Sultan Mehmed IV

In 1675, the Ottoman state held an imperial festival (sur-ı hümayun) in Edirne to celebrate the military achievements, the circumcision of the sons of Sultan Mehmed IV (r. 1648-1687) and the marriage of his daughter. Drawing from seventeenthcentury official and non-official sources concerning the festival, this essay focuses mainly on the role of the artisans. It shows how the practices of the artisans at the festival resembled those of the army artisans who, too, paraded at the initial stage of the military campaigns. However, rather than the mere theatrical aspects of the guilds’ pageantry, it emphasizes other yet multiple functions of the artisans. In particular, showing the role of the Istanbul and Edirne guilds in front of and behind the stage, this essay argues that they not only benefited from participating in such events but also bore their burdens as they provided various services, labor, and funding. In this regard, it also pays attention to the other side of the coin where not only artisans but also other actors were involved. To this end, after a brief introduction, this essay focuses on the day-to-day parades of the artisans, the practices of gift-giving, the burdens and benefits of the festival for the different classes, and finally its military tone by considering the actively involved artisans and their auxiliaries.

Rethinking the Role of Artisans in Modern German Development

Since so much of what distinguishes Germany's social-economic development from that of other advanced capitalist societies derives from the prominence of the handicrafts (Handwerk) and their institutional legacy, it is regrettable that artisan sightings have become so rare in recent central European scholarship.1It is especially so because disparaging postwar historiographic portrayals of “backward” late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century artisans leave us without a way to understand the emergence of a prosperousMittelstandof small and medium-sized craft producers in the postwar years. Moreover, inasmuch as the existence of a vibrant, legally distinct class of handicraft firms constitutes one of the most striking features of the modern German political economy, we need an account of how it evolved and why.2Furthermore, without this, we have no way to explain several other distinctive “peculiarities” of German institutional arrangements: an educational system that directs a majority of young Germans to practically oriented, work-based apprenticeships supplemented by part-time schooling instead of academically oriented, full-time secondary schools; a labor market that effectively professionalized all occupations and limited the creation of mere “jobs”; and a training system that, as it diffused from the craft to the industrial and service sectors, reinforced Germany's historic manufacturing preference for producing diversified, high-quality goods and services.3In short, no history of modern German economic, social, or political development can afford to dispense with artisans or their institutions.

ARTISANS AND TRADERS IN THE EARLY BYZANTINE CITY: EXPLORING THE LIMITS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE

The application of research methodologies and strategies derived from western urban archaeology to Early Byzantine contexts renders traditionally obscure social groups, like the productive and commercial “middle class”, visible in the archaeological record. Working from both a re-examination of written sources and an assessment of new archaeological data, it seems possible to trace the evolution of the social and economic role of artisans and shopkeepers in the Early Byzantine city between the 5th and 7th centuries. At the same time, the investigation of such undetermined social groups calls for a reflection about the limits of archaeological knowledge and the need for closer interaction between different disciplines and research perspectives.

American Artisans: Crafting Social Identity, 1750-1850.

Given the fundamental changes that transformed American society in the years between Benjamin Franklin's apprenticeship in a printer's shop and mid-19th-century efforts to organize labouring men and women, no social group offers a more interesting spectacle than skilled tradesmen or artisans. They came from various ethnic backgrounds (some worked in slavery), took their religion and politics seriously, lived mostly in cities but also in the countryside, and in many cases became pillars of their communities. This book examines the role of artisans in the American economy and society in the 18th and 19th centuries. Going beyond the traditional story of the decline of journeyman status, it explores a variety of themes loosely centred around opportunities in the developing economy. Indeed, many of these essays explore entrepreneurial ideals among many artisans competing in the marketplace. This collection also examines the interaction of race and the artisan economy in southern cities. It traces the economic relationships from father to son or between merchant and artisan, and explores the culture and politics of artisans, including religion, third-party politics, and the interaction of gender and reform.

Industrial specialization in late Iron Age Britain and Europe

A discussion of specialized industries in later prehistoric Britain is presented, with some reference to regional examples from Europe. The subject is tackled by discussing what we mean by industrial specialization with general examples taken from pottery studies and an exotic material, glass. The location of specialized industries, particularly in Britain, is discussed focusing specifically on iron, copper-alloy and the glass industries, their scale, how the industries are sometimes associated with each other and the extent to which they occur in the various forms of oppida, hillforts and smaller scale settlements. The evidence suggests that during the late Iron Age in Britain the larger scale (sometimes more prestigious) industries are located in small settlements. The role of artisans is considered and whether they were peripatetic, or tied to a settlement, depending on the nature of their skills. Using scientific analysis a model for the iron age glass industry is given. All of this is discussed in the context of changing socio-economic contexts, at a time when society was increasingly developing urban characteristics, particularly in Europe. No single fully encompassing model can be provided for the complex developments noted in later prehistoric industries.