Role In Risk Management Research Articles

The impact of innovation and differentiation strategy on financial performance with emphasis on the role of risk management and intellectual capital

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of innovation and differentiation strategy on financial performance with a focus on the role of risk management and intellectual capital of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Design/methodology/approach In this research, differentiation and innovation strategy criteria are the independent variables, performance criteria are the dependent variables and risk management effectiveness and intellectual capital are the moderating variables. The statistical population of this research includes all the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the 10-year period, and 127 companies were selected as a statistical sample using the systematic elimination method. The research model fitting and hypothesis testing were carried out using structural equation modeling and SPSS, Smart PLS software. Findings The results of the hypothesis testing showed a positive and significant relationship between the innovation and differentiation strategy and the firm performance. In addition, effective management of risk and intellectual capital also had a significant and positive impact on this relationship. Research limitations/implications Given that this research was conducted at the Tehran Stock Exchange, it was difficult for the researchers to collect data. Also, since the Tehran Stock Exchange is a new market, a lot of research needs to be done in different areas of this market to identify the existing problems and shortcomings and to provide reasons for its growth and development. Practical implications According to the results of the research on the impact of intellectual capital and risk management on corporate performance and the impact of strategy on this relationship, this paper can expect to see an improvement in corporate performance and an increase in shareholder wealth as a result of applying the results of this research. Social implications Considering that corporate strategy, intellectual capital criteria and risk management to increase the financial performance of companies have informational content; therefore, according to the results of this research, an increase in the performance of listed companies is expected, and naturally, this increase in performance will lead to the prosperity of the economic sector, increase in job creation and as a result, improve the quality of social life. Originality/value In the Tehran Stock Exchange, by properly evaluating the financial performance criteria of companies and identifying the factors that increase intellectual capital and risk management, they provide the means to improve knowledge in this area of research.

Managerial Ability and ESG Risks: The Moderating Effect of Internal Control Quality

The 2017 COSO framework highlights the increasing need to incorporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations into firms’ internal control and risk management practices. Top managers play a crucial role in risk management and control. However, it remains unclear whether managerial ability affects ESG risk management. This study investigates the relationship between firms’ ESG risk exposure and managerial ability, and examines whether the quality of internal control (ICQ) influences this relationship. Based on panel data from Chinese listed firms between 2008 and 2022, we found that firms led by more capable managers have lower overall ESG risk exposure, including reduced environmental, social, and governance risks. Furthermore, our findings indicate that higher ICQ strengthens the association between managerial ability and ESG risks. Specifically, an analysis of the five internal control components showed that the mechanisms through which ICQ influences this relationship involve enhancing control environments, risk assessment, control activities, and information and communication channels. Further analysis indicated that the moderating effect of ICQ on the relationship between managerial ability and ESG risks is influenced by management power and the effectiveness of external governance mechanisms.

The relationship between innovation capability and profitability: The mediating role of enterprise risk management in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE)

In the face of growing competition, industrial and commercial firms need more effective strategies to gain competitive advantages. This study investigates the role of enterprise risk management (ERM) as a mediator in highlighting the significance of innovation capability on profitability in industrial and commercial firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). Data were collected from 244 respondents using a standardized questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS software. The results indicate that the innovation capability has an impact on profitability in industrial and commercial firms, as well as their ERM practices. Additionally, ERM mediates the relationship between innovation capability and profitability. Firms that adopt distinctive innovation strategies tend to maintain formal ERM strategies, which in turn enhance market superiority and profitability. This research offers some significant managerial ramifications that may be essential for business owners, executives, and decision-makers involved in the development of firms.

Quantitative microbial risk assessment of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica contaminating hydroponic leafy vegetables

Hydroponics plays an important role in addressing food security concerns, particularly in countries aiming to increase food self-sufficiency. However, it is vulnerable to microbial contamination, and biofilms formed in hydroponic facilities may promote horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Eventually, the bacteria are internalized into the edible parts of the vegetable through the roots, which can lead to human exposure to antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Microbial risk assessment can play a pivotal role in microbial risk management; however, it has not been conducted for hydroponic systems. In this study, a quantitative microbial risk assessment of hydroponic vegetables was performed using literature values regarding the concentration of Salmonella spp. in hydroponics, efficiency of HGT, probability and rate of internalization, vegetable consumption patterns, and dose-response relationships. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the factors that had a significant impact on the infection probability per single exposure event for all Salmonella spp. by calculating Spearman's correlation coefficients. The estimated annual probability of infection per person by all Salmonella spp. was 2.04×10−1, while the estimated probability of infection from Salmonella spp. that acquired ARGs was 2.54×10−6. Our sensitivity analysis showed the correlation between the occurrence of internalization and hydroponic contamination levels, highlighting the need for increased awareness and regulatory action.

Factors affected housing prices: taking Boston as an example

Abstract. Real estate price prediction plays a vital role in urban planning, investment decision-making, and risk management. However, existing prediction models often show problems such as insufficient generalization ability and susceptibility to outliers when faced with complex nonlinear relationships, multidimensional features, and noisy data. Therefore, choosing a model that can accurately capture complex patterns and has strong robustness has become the focus of research. This paper introduces the random forest model and compares it with multivariate linear regression, XGBoost, and support vector machine (SVM). Compared with the traditional regression model, the random forest model combines the flexibility of decision trees and the multi-level feature extraction ability of deep learning, and can better handle the complex nonlinear relationships in the Boston housing price dataset. The experimental results show that the random forest model has achieved excellent performance in all evaluation indicators, and the model accuracy indicators are distributed as MSE=8.2502, RMSE=2.8723, MAE=2.0668, and R^2=0.8875. These results show that the random forest model not only outperforms other models in prediction accuracy but also shows significant advantages in dealing with data complexity and improving generalization ability. Therefore, the random forest model provides an efficient and reliable tool for future real estate price prediction research and applications.

The Guarantee Function of Transfer PricingDocumentation and Its Role in Tax Risk Management

The article discusses the crucial role of transfer pricing documentation in the operations and taxation of entitiesengaged in transactions with related parties. It includes an analysis of the guarantee function of transfer pricingdocumentation, which involves providing tax authorities with information to assess the market nature of transactionsand protect taxpayers from challenging the terms of these transactions. The mechanisms of this documentation,its practical application, and the benefits it brings to taxpayers are also discussed. The article presentsexamples from the case law of administrative courts and analyzes the regulations on transfer pricing in corporateincome tax.

Selective Adaptation of the RNR Model in China’s Juvenile Criminal Justice System: Balancing Rehabilitation and Risk Management

The risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model is widely used to understand criminal behavior and guide interventions to reduce recidivism. However, its implementation in China’s juvenile justice system has not been extensively explored. This research critically examines China’s adaptation of the RNR model, noting differences from the original framework. While China emphasizes rehabilitation, its juvenile justice system prioritizes stability and risk prevention. By employing participant observation, interviews, and document analysis, this study suggests that China’s selective adaptation of the RNR model supports rehabilitation rhetoric in juvenile justice while maintaining the state’s role in risk management and promoting social stability.

The Role of Risk Management in Promoting E-Commerce and Public Health in Emerging Markets

This study explores the role of risk management in enhancing e-commerce and public health in emerging markets. As these sectors evolve rapidly, they face multifaceted risks influenced by economic volatility, regulatory inconsistencies, and technological advancements. Through qualitative analysis, key themes such as risk awareness, regulatory challenges, technological adaptation, and stakeholder collaboration are identified. The findings reveal a heightened awareness of risks among stakeholders, especially in light of recent global events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, inconsistent regulations and inadequate technological infrastructure present significant barriers to effective risk management. Recommendations include establishing cohesive regulatory frameworks and investing in technology and training to empower stakeholders. By fostering collaboration among businesses, government entities, and healthcare organizations, emerging markets can create resilient systems that enhance public health outcomes and promote sustainable economic growth. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive overview of the current status and future prospects of risk management in e-commerce and public health, offering valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners.

IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORKS: EVALUATING BEST PRACTICES AND METHODOLOGIES FOR SUCCESSFUL IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT

This study provides a systematic review of IT project management frameworks, examining the effectiveness, adaptability, and risk management strategies of methodologies such as Agile, Waterfall, PRINCE2, Scrum, and hybrid approaches. A total of 133 peer-reviewed articles were analyzed to gain insights into how these frameworks are being applied across various industries and project environments. The findings reveal that hybrid models, which combine the structured governance of traditional methodologies like Waterfall with the iterative flexibility of Agile, are becoming increasingly popular, especially in industries requiring both regulatory compliance and adaptability to changing requirements. Agile frameworks were shown to significantly improve project delivery speed, stakeholder satisfaction, and risk mitigation through continuous iterations and feedback loops, while traditional methodologies like Waterfall remain essential in sectors with strict documentation and control requirements. The review also highlights the critical role of risk management across all frameworks, with hybrid models offering the most comprehensive approach by integrating early-stage planning with ongoing risk assessment. Despite the success of these frameworks in IT-related industries, a notable gap was identified in their application to non-IT sectors, suggesting a need for further research to explore their broader applicability. This review underscores the continued relevance of traditional, Agile, and hybrid project management frameworks, while also pointing to future opportunities for expanding their use beyond IT.

Workshop report: The role of Earth Observation for multi-(hazard-)risk assessment and management

At the 2024 General Assembly of the European Geophysical Union, a workshop was organized to introduce the EO4Multihazards project and its three main research questions. The workshop included a project overview, panel discussion, group activities, and a feedback session. It also showcased an interactive poster. These efforts enriched our discussions and broadened our understanding of Earth Observation's role in multi-hazard risk assessment and management. This document summarizes these discussions.

Research on risk management of ship maintenance projects based on multi agent swarm model simulation method

In recent years, the role of naval ship power has become increasingly prominent in regional conflicts and military operations worldwide, and the powerful capabilities demonstrated by naval forces have also been valued by countries around the world. While naval forces are frequently deployed to carry out various tasks, the intensity of equipment wear and tear on ships is also significantly increasing, posing a huge challenge to the maintenance and support capabilities of ship equipment. In the actual process of ship equipment maintenance, a series of risk factors such as cost, schedule, and quality will have a significant impact on the entire ship maintenance project, and even affect the success or failure of the entire project. This article first decomposes the project process of ship maintenance projects, further analyzes the various risk factors of ship maintenance projects based on the project decomposition situation, and then distinguishes the overall project, project process, and project risk factors to establish an intelligent agent group model for simulation analysis. Through the above simulation analysis, we will conduct in-depth research on the specific impact of project risks on ship maintenance projects, and analyze and verify the positive role and practical significance of project risk management in project risk control and project efficiency improvement. In the process of the above research content, methods and measures for risk management of ship maintenance projects are proposed, providing scientific and efficient risk management suggestions for such projects, improving the scientific management efficiency of ship maintenance projects, and contributing to the improvement of the quality and efficiency of project management.

Research on the Impact of Supply Chain Integration on Supply Chain Resilience in NEV Manufacturing Enterprises

This paper explores the direct impact of different types of supply chain integration on supply chain resilience in new energy vehicle manufacturing enterprises. It also elucidates the mediating role of supply chain risk management and the moderating role of regulatory uncertainty, proposing nine research hypotheses. Finally, it employs SPSS 26.0 software to analyze the research hypotheses using collected 309 sample data. The research results indicate the following: (1) Internal integration, supplier integration, and customer integration all positively influence supply chain resilience, with supplier integration having the most significant impact. (2) Supply chain risk management mediates the relationship between internal integration, supplier integration, customer integration, and supply chain resilience. (3) Regulatory uncertainty significantly negatively moderates the impact of internal integration and customer integration on supply chain resilience, but it does not significantly negatively moderate the impact of supplier integration on supply chain resilience.

Dynamics of Corporate Finance Research in Global Scientific Literature

This study explores the dynamics of corporate finance research in global scientific literature from 2000 to 2024 using a bibliometric approach. By analyzing keyword co-occurrence and citation data, the research identifies key themes, emerging trends, and influential contributors in corporate finance. Core topics such as capital structure, cost management, and debt remain central, reflecting traditional corporate finance priorities. However, newer areas, including corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate cash holdings, and behavioral finance, have gained prominence, signaling a shift towards integrating non-financial factors into corporate strategies. The study also highlights the lasting impact of global financial crises, particularly the 2008 crisis, on shaping research in financial distress, risk management, and institutional roles. These insights provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of corporate finance research and offer directions for future studies.

EVALUASI PERAN APARAT PENGAWAS INTERNPEMERINTAH DALAM MANAJEMEN RISIKO PADAINSPEKTORAT KEMENTERIAN X

This study aims to evaluate the role of Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus in risk management at the Inspectorate of Ministry X, in accordance with applicable regulations. This research was conducted at Inspectorate of Ministry X, with a qualitative method through a case study approach. The data collection methods adopted in this study include document analysis, survey, and interviews. The results showed that The Inspectorate of the Ministry of X as Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus has not carried out its core role in implementing Enterprise Risk Management in accordance with the Institute of Internal Auditors Position Paper: The Role of Internal Auditing in Enterprise-Wide Risk Management. Core roles relate to providing objective assurance on the appropriateness and effectiveness of risk management. Other additional roles that may be carried out with adequate consideration have also not been fully implemented such as maintaining and developing the Enterprise Risk Management framework; devepoling risk management strategy for Board approval; and consolidated reporting on risk. While the roles that are not allowed to be carried out in Enterprise Risk Management are not carried out by internal auditors to maintain objectivity and independence when providing assurance services and consulting services. This research is expected to be an input to analyze the role of Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus in risk management at the Ministry of X. For other Government Agencies, this research is expected to be a reference for evaluating the appropriateness of Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus's role in risk management. For academics, the results of this study are expected to be used in subsequent studies to add insight and additional sources of information in conducting further research with a similar theme. This research has not conducted benchmarking with other government agency internal auditors regarding best practices in implementing Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus's role in risk management.

BIG DATA IN CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF TRANSFORMATIVE PRACTICES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

This systematic review examines the profound impact of big data analytics on credit risk management in financial institutions, highlighting both its transformative benefits and the associated challenges. By integrating a wide range of real-time and diverse data sources—such as customer behavior, market trends, and macroeconomic indicators—financial institutions have significantly enhanced the accuracy, efficiency, and predictive power of their credit risk models. The findings reveal that institutions employing big data analytics have achieved substantial reductions in default rates, with improvements of up to 30% over traditional risk assessment methods. However, the adoption of big data also presents considerable challenges, particularly in ensuring data privacy and security, navigating complex regulatory environments, and overcoming technical hurdles related to data integration, storage, and processing. These issues necessitate robust data governance frameworks and significant investments in IT infrastructure. Despite these challenges, big data is expected to play an increasingly central role in credit risk management, offering early adopters a strategic advantage through enhanced risk assessment and decision-making capabilities. This review provides critical insights for financial institutions, policymakers, and researchers, emphasizing the need for ongoing innovation and adaptation to fully harness the potential of big data in this field.

BIG DATA IN CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF TRANSFORMATIVE PRACTICES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS

This systematic review examines the profound impact of big data analytics on credit risk management in financial institutions, highlighting both its transformative benefits and the associated challenges. By integrating a wide range of real-time and diverse data sources—such as customer behavior, market trends, and macroeconomic indicators—financial institutions have significantly enhanced the accuracy, efficiency, and predictive power of their credit risk models. The findings reveal that institutions employing big data analytics have achieved substantial reductions in default rates, with improvements of up to 30% over traditional risk assessment methods. However, the adoption of big data also presents considerable challenges, particularly in ensuring data privacy and security, navigating complex regulatory environments, and overcoming technical hurdles related to data integration, storage, and processing. These issues necessitate robust data governance frameworks and significant investments in IT infrastructure. Despite these challenges, big data is expected to play an increasingly central role in credit risk management, offering early adopters a strategic advantage through enhanced risk assessment and decision-making capabilities. This review provides critical insights for financial institutions, policymakers, and researchers, emphasizing the need for ongoing innovation and adaptation to fully harness the potential of big data in this field.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Risk: Exploring Default Risk in Indian Firms

This paper examines the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure on default risk for Indian firms during the period from 2015 to 2021. Using distance to default (DTD) and probability of default (PD) at different time horizons as proxies for default risk, we find that CSR expenditure is negatively related to default risk. This indicates that CSR engagement enhances a firm’s reputation and financial stability, thereby reducing the likelihood of default. Surprisingly, we find that this relationship is less pronounced for group-affiliated firms, as stand-alone firms rely more on CSR to establish market credibility. Our findings highlight the strategic importance of CSR compliance, emphasizing its role in risk management and financial resilience. Our study provides insights for policymakers and managers in emerging economies, underscoring how mandatory CSR can foster a more sustainable and risk-averse corporate environment, particularly for firms without the support of business group affiliation.

The Impact of Diet on Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with complex etiology. Emerging evidence suggests that diet may play a role in PD risk, progression, and symptom management. However, the relationship between dietary factors and PD remains poorly understood. This systematic review aimed to synthesize and evaluate the current evidence on the associations between dietary patterns, specific nutrients, and PD risk, progression, and symptom management. We conducted a comprehensive literature search in major databases for studies published up to 2024. Eligible studies included prospective cohorts, case-control studies, randomized controlled trials, and cross-sectional analyses investigating the relationship between diet and PD. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns, particularly those rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish, was consistently associated with reduced PD risk. Conversely, Western-style diets high in processed foods and red meat were linked to increased risk. Specific nutrients, including antioxidants and vitamins K and C, showed potential neuroprotective effects, while high iron intake was associated with increased PD risk. Diet quality was found to influence PD symptoms, particularly non-motor symptoms like constipation. Emerging evidence suggested a role for the gut microbiome in mediating diet-PD relationships. Specialized diets, such as ketogenic and low-carbohydrate diets, showed promise in managing PD symptoms in small-scale studies. This review provides evidence for the significant role of diet in PD risk, progression, and symptom management. Dietary interventions have the potential to serve as complementary approaches to existing PD therapies. However, the complex nature of the diet-PD relationship necessitates further research, particularly well-designed long-term randomized controlled trials, to develop evidence-based, personalized dietary recommendations for PD prevention and management.

The role of enterprise risk management on company value is moderated by company size in coal mining entities listed on the Indonesia stock exchange

This study seeks to explore and emphasize the impact of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) on firm value, using Tobin's Q, Price to Book Value (PBV), and Price to Earnings Ratio (PER) as measurement indicators. Additionally, it will analyze how factors such as firm size, Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), Total Assets Turnover (TATO), and Return on Assets (ROA) affect these relationships. The research will focus on coal mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2018 to 2021. The study used multiple linear regression with the ordinary least squares method to analyze the data. Hypothesis testing was performed using the t-test to evaluate the significance of the regression coefficients, with a significance level set at 5 percent. The results show that Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), and Return on Assets (ROA) significantly positively influence business value. Conversely, Current Ratio (CR), Total Assets Turnover (TATO), and firm size (SIZE) have a significant negative effect on company value. Furthermore, the study found that firm size affects the relationship between Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) and Tobin's Q. Additionally, the results suggest that as ERM, CR, DAR, TATO, ROA, and firm size increase, the company value also rises.

Інтелектуальний капітал і його значення для забезпечення економічної стабільності та національної безпеки

In today’s context of globalization and rapid technological development, intellectual capital has become a crucial resource for ensuring economic stability and national security. Unlike traditional factors of production such as land and labor, modern economic models are based on knowledge, innovation, and technology, which drive countries’ competitiveness in the international arena. Intellectual capital encompasses all intangible assets that create added value, including knowledge, skills, patents, technologies, organizational culture, and more. Its importance to national security is underscored by the necessity to foster innovation, cybersecurity, and effective management of information resources in the face of modern threats. It has been demonstrated that the introduction of new technologies and product development significantly boosts economic activity, which in turn stimulates the creation of new jobs. Employment levels increase, and the overall well-being of the population improves. Intellectual capital provides the foundation for the development of new defense systems, cybersecurity, the protection of intellectual property, and strategic risk management. Economic stability is a critical indicator for any country, as it determines the population’s standard of living, the competitiveness of enterprises, and resilience to global crises. It has been established that the weighted distribution of each element’s contribution to national security is based on various factors: cybersecurity (25%), protection of information resources (20%), the role of science (20%), defense capability (15%), and strategic risk management (20%). Protecting intellectual property, including patents, copyrights, and trademarks, becomes a key factor in preserving scientific and technological achievements and preventing industrial espionage. Keywords: intellectual capital, economic stability, national security, innovation, human capital, information security, structural capital, enterprises.