Rocker-bogie Mechanism Research Articles

Review Paper on Agricultural Terrain Traversal Rocker Bogie Mechanism

Abstract: This paper details the design and implementation of a terrain traversal system leveraging the rocker-bogie mechanism, specifically tailored for agricultural applications where uneven terrain presents significant challenges. The rocker-bogie suspension system, renowned for its application in planetary rovers, is innovatively adapted to navigate the complexities of agricultural fields. The primary objective of this research is to create a prototype that minimizes soil disturbance while effectively maneuvering over obstacles such as rocks, furrows, and varying soil conditions. Through this approach, the prototype aims to enhance operational efficiency in critical agricultural tasks, including planting, monitoring, and maintaining crops. The system's design incorporates advanced navigation capabilities, potentially integrating sensors for obstacle detection and GPS for precise positioning. This research addresses the pressing need for low-cost, scalable solutions in the realm of agricultural mechanization, ultimately contributing to improved productivity and reduced labor costs in farming operations. The findings from this study are anticipated to provide significant insights into the future of agricultural technology, paving the way for further innovations in automated systems that can adapt to the dynamic challenges of modern agriculture. The successful deployment of this prototype not only underscores the feasibility of the rocker-bogie mechanism in agricultural settings but also highlights its potential to revolutionize practices in the industry.

Remotely Controlled Armed Surveillance Rover

A remotely operated ground vehicle was designed and developed for use in counter terrorism and counter-insurgency operations by the Indian Army. The Rover can traverse difficult terrain, extreme slopes, inspect suspicious objects (e.g. improvised explosive devices) with a robotic weapon with a camera(even when hidden under a bridge), and give visual feedback to an operator away at a safe distance of certain range. It can be operated using mobile and can be self-triggered when a command is given. Militaries are now equipped with various types of rovers. Rover for assistance and spy purposes are developing. This project represents an application of Rover in the military. This rover is 4-wheeled developed on a rocker-bogie mechanism. According torecent Rover developments, rovers with rocker-bogie mechanismscan glide on rough surfaces, sand, and loose soil easily. Thedegree of freedom for the rover is 4 with the ability to rotate 360°.This rover is equipped with frequency hopping which makes it ananti-hack device. This project is useful for attacking the opponentsin the war without losing our army officers. So by using thisproject we can do war without losing human life on our side.

Design & Development of Rescue Assistance Rover for Land-Based Operations

In the face of natural disasters like earthquakes and landslides, timely and efficient rescue operations are paramount to saving lives. However, these operations are often hindered by hazardous conditions and inaccessible terrain. This research focuses on the design and development of a Rescue Assistance Rover (RAR) aimed at enhancing the capabilities of rescuers in challenging environments. The RAR integrates advanced robotics, sensory systems, and communication technologies to navigate through debris, assess hazards, and provide crucial assistance to rescue teams. By leveraging autonomy and remote operation capabilities, the RAR aims to augment human efforts, improving overall response effectiveness and minimizing risks to both rescuers and survivors. This paper outlines the conceptualization, design considerations, development stages, and potential applications of the RAR, highlighting its potential to revolutionize disaster response efforts and save lives in critical situations. Key Words: Additive Manufacturing, 3D Printing, Rocker Bogie Mechanism, Arduino Programming, Rescue Operations, Robotics

Design and Development of an Autonomous Rover Application using A Rocker-Bogie Mechanism In Agriculture

The crucial topic of upgrading the rover over its earlier designs is covered in the project work "STUDY ON ROCKER ROVER AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURE." The ROCKER rover was intended for use on similar excursions that require it to function in challenging conditions, such as the Moon's surface. However, the use of the rocker rover can be expanded even further in fields of employment where the land has to be used for operations, such as agricultural farming. Our research focuses on how the rocker rover can be modified for use in farming, greatly increasing the automation of the agricultural sector. The rover's body is entirely composed of PVC to boost. With the introduction of cutting-edge technologies, agricultural practices are changing with the goal of enhancing sustainability, accuracy, and efficiency. The design and construction of an autonomous rover with a rocker-bogie suspension system specifically intended for agricultural applications is the main goal of this study. When doing in-situ scientific investigation of goals that are separated by several metres to tens of km, rocker bogie are crucial. The complicated mobility designs of today use numerous wheels or legs. They are vulnerable to mechanical failure brought on by Mars' hostile atmosphere. a four-wheeled rover with a high degree of mobility suspension system that is effective in navigating uneven terrain. The main mechanical characteristic of the rocker bogie design is how simple its drive train is—it only requires two motors to move. Because both motors are housed inside the body, where heat variance is minimised, dependability and efficiency are raised. Because there aren't many barriers on natural terrain that call for the rover to use all of its front wheels, four wheels are used

Spring Less Suspension using Rocker Bogie Mechanism

The rocker bogie mechanism is a type of suspension system commonly used in robotic vehicles, particularly in space exploration rovers like NASA’s Mars rovers. Unlike traditional spring-based suspensions, the rocker bogie mechanism relies on a system of pivoting joints and linkages to maintain stability and traction over uneven terrain. This mechanism allows the vehicle to traverse rough surfaces by distributing weight and adjusting wheel positions to accommodate obstacles. Its abstract nature lies in its ability to provide stability and mobility without relying on springs, making it well-suited for navigating challenging environments such as rocky terrain or steep slopes. Overall, the rocker bogie suspension system is well-suited for applications where stability, mobility, and reliability are paramount, making it a preferred choice for planetary exploration missions and other off-road vehicles operating in rugged terrain

Rovers with Rocker-Bogie Mechanisms: A review of progress and innovations in design, manufacturing, and control

Rovers equipped with Rocker-Bogie mechanisms have emerged as pivotal assets in the domains of interplanetary and terrain exploration. To carry out scientific investigations, Rovers have undergone significant advancements. This review comprehensively examines the progress and innovations associated with the design, manufacturing, and control of these robotic systems. The Rocker-Bogie Mechanism and its kinematic variations available are identified and discussed. Given the importance of kinematic studies, viewpoints on wheel-terrain interaction and framework models for analyses are presented. A key limitation in the analyzed papers was the restriction of choice of design process to the conventional method for which, an approach to design through a Generative Design algorithm has been indicated. The studies indicated the material choice of Titanium and other alloys, the manufacturing choice of Additive Manufacturing which has been analyzed, for which suggestions for advancements and alternatives are highlighted. It was observed that a standard and general procedure to automate the operations of the rovers is still lacking. This review can provide a guide for new advancements in Rocker-Bogie-based rovers.

Study of the Step Climbing Ability of a Rover with Rocker Bogie Mechanism

Study of the Step Climbing Ability of a Rover with Rocker Bogie Mechanism

Development of a Surveillance Robot with a Rocker Bogie Design for Versatile Terrain Navigation

This project focuses on the design and development of a multi-terrain robot based on the rocker bogie mechanism. The robot is equipped with a camera, GPS module, Wi-Fi module, ultrasonic sensor for obstacle detection, and gas sensors for detecting carbon monoxide, methane, smoke levels, and AQI. It utilizes internet connectivity to transmit data and presents the collected information through a website dashboard. The project explores the potential applications of the robot, including surveillance, environmental monitoring, search and rescue, industrial inspections, and agriculture. The integration of various sensors and connectivity capabilities allows for real-time monitoring and analysis of critical data in challenging terrains and environments.

Design and Fabrication of Rocker-Bogie Mechanism

Abstract: Rocker bogie are important for conducting in-situ scientific analysis of objectives that are separated by many meters to tens of kilometers. Current mobility designs are complex, using many wheels or legs. They are open to mechanical failure caused by the harsh environment on Mars. A four wheeled rover capable of traversing rough terrain using an efficient high degree of mobility suspension system. The primary mechanical feature of the rocker bogie design is its drive train simplicity, which is accomplished by using only two motors for mobility. Both motors are located inside the body where thermal variation is kept to a minimum, increasing reliability and efficiency. Four wheels are used because there are few obstacles on natural terrain that require both front wheels of the rover to climb simultaneously. A series of mobility experiments in the agriculture land, rough roads, inclined, stairs and obstacles surfaces concluded that rocker bogie can achieve some distance traverses on field.

A Study on Rocker-Bogie Mechanism for a Planetary Rover Prototype

Abstract: In light of the notable rocker-bogie mechanism, this paper shows an ideal plan of a rocker-bogie suspension framework so as to ensure high mobile steadiness as well as excellent versatility of a prototype rover vehicle while traversing through rough terrains. It is essentially a suspension arrangement utilized in mechanical automated vehicles utilized explicitly for space investigation. The rocker-bogie suspension-based rovers have been effectively presented for the Mars Pathfinder and Mars Exploration Rover (MER) and Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) missions led by zenith space investigation laboratories all through the world. The proposed suspension framework is presently the most supported structure for each space investigation organization. It is basically a mechanism which comprises of two arms with wheel mounted to each and the two arms are associated through a versatile joint. The current development in design has been studied as well as a different approach towards designing the basic structure of suspension has been done. It has been further verified using various static and dynamic load calculations, solid modeling computer aided design software and simulation software for analysis and testing

Implementation of Rocker Bogie Mechanism in Agriculture

Abstract: The rocker bogie mechanism is a mechanical design which allows for improved mobility and stability on rough terrains. The mechanism was initially used by NASA in space exploration vehicles and has been adapted for use in agricultural equipment. In agriculture, the mechanism is used to maintain the stability of vehicle on uneven terrain thereby reducing the risk of overturning. By increasing the efficiency and safety of the equipment, the rocker bogie mechanism can provide significant benefits in agriculture

Robotic Detector with Rocker Bogie Mechanism

The Rocker Bogie Mechanism (RBM) is widely used in planetary rovers for its ability to traverse challenging terrain. However, the presence of metal debris in the terrain can pose a significant threat to the rover's mobility and instrumentation. Therefore, a metal detector integrated with the RBM is necessary to avoid any potential damage. This paper presents the design and development of a metal detector for the RBM, which includes the selection of suitable components, the development of the detection algorithm, and the integration with the RBM. The detector's performance is evaluated in both simulation and experimental settings, demonstrating the successful detection of metallic objects and their location.

An Approach for Design and Fabrication of Solared Powered Terrain Vehicle Under Rocker Bogie Mechanism

Abstract: Rocker bogie is important for conducting in-situ scientific analysis of objectives that are separated by many meters to tens of kilometers. Current mobility designs are complex using many wheels or legs. They are open to mechanical failure caused by the harsh environment on mars. A six wheeled rover capable of traversing rough terrain using an efficient high degree of mobility suspension system. The primary mechanical feature of the rocker bogie design is its drive train simplicity which is accomplished by using only two motors for mobility. Both motors are located inside the body where thermal variation is kept to a minimum, increasing reliability and efficiency. Six wheels are used because there are few obstacles on natural terrain that require both front wheels of the rover to climb simultaneously. A series of mobility experiments in the agriculture land, rough roads, inclined, stairs and obstacles surfaces concluded that rocker bogie can achieve some distance traverses on field

A Modified Rocker-Bogie Mechanism With Fewer Actuators and High Mobility

In this study, a modified rocker-bogie mechanism that improves mobility using only two actuators and a damper is proposed. Previous mechanisms used large numbers of motors or complex controls to overcome obstacles such as rough terrain or stairs. To compensate for this, the damper-driven rocker-bogie (DDRB) was devised. The effectiveness of the damper was verified using quasi-static analysis, and the optimal parameters of the prototype were determined using multibody dynamics. Finally, the performance of climbing stairs was successfully demonstrated through experiments with the prototype. The mobility performance is expected to be improved through additional active systems, and will be applied not only to stairs but also to various rough terrains in the future.

The Design and Fabrication of Rocker Bogie Mechanism

The Design and Fabrication of Rocker Bogie Mechanism

Design and Analysis of Multipurpose Relief Vehicle

Abstract: The rocker bogie suspension system has all the tough capabilities so that it can work in rough terrain because of its weight distributing property on all its 12 wheels. The only disadvantage of the mechanism is that its speed is slow. In this project during research we have deeply focused on the 12 wheels mechanism & its design which has certain advantages of linear bogie motion in defending the whole system or assembly from getting disengaged and rollover during working in high speed operations. This has magnificently increased the chances of dependability of structure on uneven surface & also its high speed examination with hurdle height capacity as double the diameter of the wheels .The requirement to develop a highly steady suspension system capable of operating in multi terrain surfaces while keeping all the wheels in contact with the ground. To design a machine that can navigate terrains where the left and right rockers independently climb different obstacles. Keyword: Rocker bogie mechanism, Rover, Multipurpose

Design and Analysis of Wheelchair Based on Rocker-Bogie Mechanism

Design and Analysis of Wheelchair Based on Rocker-Bogie Mechanism

Proposal of Dynamic Motion in Rocker-Bogie Mechanism Using SEA

Proposal of Dynamic Motion in Rocker-Bogie Mechanism Using SEA

OATCR: Outdoor Autonomous Trash-Collecting Robot Design Using YOLOv4-Tiny

This paper proposed an innovative mechanical design using the Rocker-bogie mechanism for resilient Trash-Collecting Robots. Mask-RCNN, YOLOV4, and YOLOv4-tiny were experimented on and analyzed for trash detection. The Trash-Collecting Robot was developed to be completely autonomous as it was able to detect trash, move towards it, and pick it up while avoiding any obstacles along the way. Sensors including a camera, ultrasonic sensor, and GPS module played an imperative role in automation. The brain of the Robot, namely, Raspberry Pi and Arduino, processed the data from the sensors and performed path-planning and consequent motion of the robot through actuation of motors. Three models for object detection were tested for potential use in the robot: Mask-RCNN, YOLOv4, and YOLOv4-tiny. Mask-RCNN achieved an average precision (mAP) of over 83% and detection time (DT) of 3973.29 ms, YOLOv4 achieved 97.1% (mAP) and 32.76 DT, and YOLOv4-tiny achieved 95.2% and 5.21 ms DT. The YOLOv4-tiny was selected as it offered a very similar mAP to YOLOv4, but with a much lower DT. The design was simulated on different terrains and behaved as expected.

Working Model of Rocker Bogie Mechanism (Earth Rover)

The Paper work "Rocker Bogie mechanism Geo-survey Rover" deals with attempt of improving the rover from its previous designs. The Geo-survey rover has got to operate rough and harsh environments that it had been designed but several factors restrict its operational capabilities, therefore the focus of our research is to overcome restrictions or to decrease it to within an acceptable range for its smooth performance.. The rover has been completely made from PVC to increase its capability to withstand shocks, vibrations and mechanical failures caused by the tough environment where it's operated on. NASA made and developed this mechanism to use it on Space missions. Whereas these bogies are also preferred by many earthly situations where human interference is needs to be neglected. Usual mobility designs are complicate, using many wheels or legs. It is a multi-wheeled rover capable of travel through rough terrain using an effective higher degree of mobility. Drive train simplicity is the effective mechanical feature of the rocker bogie design, which is accomplished by using only six motors for mobility. All motors are located inside the body where thermal variation is kept to a minimum which increases reliability and efficiency. Six wheels are used because there are few obstacles on natural terrain that need both front wheels of the rover to climb simultaneously. A series of mobility experiments within the agriculture land, rough roads, inclined, stairs and obstacles surfaces concluded that rocker bogie can achieve a long way traverses on field.