Robotic Revolution Research Articles

Asia's robotic revolution: Redefining affordable surgery and challenging da Vinci's legacy

Asia's robotic revolution: Redefining affordable surgery and challenging da Vinci's legacy

Paranoid About Androids: A Review of Robotics in Radiology.

In tandem with the ever-increasing global population, the demand for diagnostic radiology service provision is on the rise and at a disproportionate rate compared to the number of radiologists available to practice. The current "revolution in robotics" promises to alleviate personnel shortages in many sectors of industry, including medicine. Despite negative depictions of robots in popular culture, their multiple potential benefits cannot be overlooked, in particular when it comes to health service provision. The type of robots used for interventional procedures are largely robotic-assistance devices, such as the Da Vinci surgical robot. Advances have also been made with regards to robots for image-guided percutaneous needle placement, which have demonstrated superior accuracy compared to manual methods. It is likely that artificial intelligence will come to play a key role in the field of robotics and will result in an increase in the levels of robotic autonomy attainable. However, this concept is not without ethical and legal considerations, most notably who is responsible should an error occur; the physician, the robot manufacturer, software engineers, or the robot itself? Efforts have been made to legislate in order to protect against the potentially harmful effects of unexplainable "black-box" decision outputs of artificial intelligence systems. In order to be accepted by patients, studies have shown that the perceived level of trustworthiness and predictability of robots is crucial. Ultimately, effective, widespread implementation of medical robotic systems will be contingent on developers remaining cognizant of factors that increase human acceptance, as well as ensuring compliance with regulations.

Caribbean libraries 2.0: the robotic revolution in Caribbean academic library spaces

Purpose This paper is the genesis for robots and robotic technology and their introduction to the Caribbean Academic library community. This paper aims to explore the specific areas that this technology can improve as well as their adaptability and dynamic yet multifaceted nature it possesses. Design/methodology/approach A thorough assessment of literature was done of all developed libraries that are employing the services of robots and robotic technology in their daily operations. Additionally, a meticulous analysis was done of all Caribbean Libraries that have explored, are currently exploring or actively explored the implementation of robots and robotic technology for effective use in their libraries. Findings Seamless functionality as well as the reduction of mundane repetitive tasks by library staff is at the fore. Efficacy and heightened levels of accuracy are also found to be a great factor for implementation as well as speed of retrieval and offsite storage are further benefits to the implementation of robots and robotic technology. Research limitations/implications This research primarily assessed material on robotics and robotic technology that offers unprecedented efficacy and accuracy in the processing of information and tasks assigned as well as smooth location and retrieval of library material resulting in reduction in wait time for all library users. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first of its kind and is intended to trigger a “light bulb” in the minds of decision-makers and managers of Library spaces as to the potential robots and robotic technology has on fostering greater levels of efficacy in certain key areas of libraries and help improve user services while adding to the theoretical body of knowledge available in the field on this fast rising area.

Is the robotic revolution stunting surgical skills?

This perspective piece aims to examine the impact of the growing utilization of robotic platforms in general and minimally invasive surgery on surgical trainee experience, skill level, and comfort in performing general surgical and minimally invasive procedures following completion of training. We review current literature and explore the application of robotic surgery to surgical training, where minimum case thresholds and breadth distribution are well defined, and where development of surgical technique is historically gained through delicate tissue handling with haptic feedback rather than relying on visual feedback alone. We call for careful consideration as to how best to incorporate robotics in surgical training in order to embrace technological advances without endangering the surgical proficiency of the surgeons of tomorrow. Key messageThe large-scale incorporation of robotics into general and minimally invasive surgical training is something that most, if not all, trainees must grapple with in today's world, and the proportion of robotics is increasing. This shift may significantly negatively affect trainees in terms of surgical skill upon completion of training and must be approached with an appropriate degree of concern and thoughtfulness so as to protect the surgeons of tomorrow.

Causal-Based Approaches to Explain and Learn from Self-Extension—A Review

The last decades have seen a revolution in autonomous robotics. Deep learning approaches and their hardware implementations have made it possible to endow robots with extraordinary perceptual capabilities. In addition, they can benefit from advances in Automated Planning, allowing them to autonomously solve complex tasks. However, on many occasions, the robot still acts without internalising and understanding the reasons behind a perception or an action, beyond an immediate response to a current state of the context. This gap results in limitations that affect its performance, reliability, and trustworthiness. Deep learning alone cannot bridge this gap because the reasons behind behaviour, when it emanates from a model in which the world is a black-box, are not accessible. What is really needed is an underlying architecture based on deeper reasoning. Among other issues, this architecture should enable the robot to generate explanations, allowing people to know why the robot is performing, or has performed, a certain action, or the reasons that may have caused a certain plan failure or perceptual anomaly. Furthermore, when these explanations arise from a cognitive process and are shared, and thus validated, with people, the robot should be able to incorporate these explanations into its knowledge base, and thus use this understanding to improve future behaviour. Our article looks at recent advances in the development of self-aware, self-evolving robots. These robots are designed to provide the necessary explanations to their human counterparts, thereby enhancing their functional capabilities in the quest to gain their trust.

Simulacrum And Hyperreality in Cargill’s Day Zero

This study examines the simulacrum and simulation representation of postmodern society in Cargill's Day Zero in the postmodern theoretical paradigm of Baudrillard. The postmodern concept of hyperreality is concerned with concealing the truth behind reproductions that is twice removed from reality. The thorough study of the text shows how simulacra and simulation can produce highly real environments that seem to exist entirely outside of human reality. This writing is dystopian in nature because the hyperbolic representation of consumer society leads towards magic world which seems real due to its continuous practice. The protagonist of the story is a little boy named Ezra who uses a robot named Pounce to help him to navigate the post-apocalyptic world. Pounce, a fictitious nannybot, is the representation of consumer society due to its robotic implications. Pounce wonders over the elements of robot revolution that will exterminate humanity. This paper has analyzed the rebellious attitude of machinery such as by robots and other artificially intelligent computers against humans. Therefore, the ordinary and uninteresting state of the modern world eventually gives rise to the world of hyperreality, where everything appears to be more fascinating and less dry than the alleged desert of the real outside. In the context of this study, it is asserted that the postmodern person gets tired of the apparent artificiality of hyperreality and either strives to re-discover the real or confronts the meaningless wasteland left in the wake of the real’s absence. Through this analysis, the researcher has drawn the conclusion that reality has completely changed and that hyperreality is now the predominate reality. Therefore, the application of this study is valuable in demonstrating an understanding of the scope and impact of hyperreality, simulation, and simulacra on the postmodern individuals.

Robotic Revolution in Surgery: Diverse Applications Across Specialties and Future Prospects Review Article.

Robotic technology has transformed the field of surgery significantly. Since its inception in the 1970s, robotic surgery has advanced tremendously. The utilization of robotic systems, such as the da Vinci Surgical System, has become increasingly prevalent in minimally invasive procedures. These interventions offer enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualization. In general surgery, robotics has facilitated complex procedures, leading to reduced morbidity and shorter hospital stays. In urology, the robotic platform has revolutionized prostatectomies and other intricate interventions, demonstrating superior outcomes compared to traditional approaches. Orthopedic surgery has embraced robotics for precise joint replacements and spinal procedures. In pediatric surgery, the application of robotics has enabled intricate surgeries with reduced invasiveness and faster recovery times. Furthermore, the integration of artificial intelligence with robotic systems has paved the way for personalized treatment plans and data-driven decision-making. Despite these advancements, challenges such as cost and training persist. As robotic technology continues to evolve, its potential applications extend beyond current boundaries. This review aims to provide insights into the multifaceted impact of the robotic revolution in surgery and the exciting possibilities that lie ahead.

Robot Revolution and Human Capital Accumulation: Implications for Growth and Labour Income

Robot Revolution and Human Capital Accumulation: Implications for Growth and Labour Income

Robot Revolution and Human Capital Accumulation: Implications for Growth and Labour Income

Robot Revolution and Human Capital Accumulation: Implications for Growth and Labour Income

Robot revolution and human capital accumulation: implications for growth and labour income

AbstractWe develop a model of endogenous growth with automation to study the impact of industrial robots on growth and labour income. We incorporate human capital accumulation into that framework to examine the role of human capital in sustaining growth without displacing low-skilled labour. While automation replaces low-skilled labour with industrial robots in conducting routine tasks, horizontal innovation creates new varieties in which low-skilled labour has an employment advantage. Labour-augmenting technology takes place to improve productivity of low-skilled labour. As such, those latter types of innovation help counterbalance the adverse effect of automation on low-skilled labour. Human capital, the essential production factor that takes part in every economic activity, including conducting non-routine tasks, accumulates over time through education and training. We show that there exists a long-run equilibrium at which either robots or low-skilled workers are employed, together with human capital, to produce varieties. In the fully endogenous model, final output grows at the rate of human capital accumulation. An improvement in the quality of education and training leads to an acceleration of both automation and variety expansion, but not human capital growth. Our numerical exercise indicates that a permanent increase in automation entails a permanent impact on the range of automated varieties, long-run output level and human capital wage. The shock lowers long-run growth and low-skilled workers’ wage and their effective income share. However, it has no effect on the effective income share of human capital.

ROBOTICS REVOLUTION: TRANSFORMING THE FOOD INDUSTRY THROUGH AUTOMATION AND INNOVATION

ROBOTICS REVOLUTION: TRANSFORMING THE FOOD INDUSTRY THROUGH AUTOMATION AND INNOVATION

Vulnerability, Embodiment and Emerging Technologies: A Still Open Issue

When reflecting on the human condition, vulnerability is a characteristic which is clearly evident, because anyone is exposed to the possibility of being wounded (and is, therefore, vulnerable, from the Latin word "vulnus", wound). In fact, human vulnerability, intended as a universal condition affecting finite and mortal human beings, is closely linked to embodiment, intended as the constitutive bond every human has with a physical body, subject to changes and to the passing of time. In today’s cultural context, permeated by emerging technologies, theories in favor of the so-called human enhancement through the use of the Genetics–Nanotechnology–Robotics (GNR) Revolution or NBIC Convergence technologies, in particular transhumanism, are emerging in the bioethical debate and seem to question the fundamentally vulnerable nature of human beings, by proposing not only abstract theories, but also concrete techno-scientific projects for its overcoming. Such a project, however, could turn out to be fallacious and inconsistent and could lead to ethically unacceptable consequences. Instead, a coherent (and ethical) way of responding to constitutive human vulnerability seems to be its understanding and acceptance.

Food safety and quality assessment of an automated vending machine for smoothies – A case study

AbstractThe food robotics revolution is driving a shift in the vending machine sector from conventional pre-packaged sales to on-site food manufacture. As these machines develop into small-scale food processing points, it is critical to guarantee food safety. The implementation of automated Clean-in-Place (CIP) techniques, in addition to manual cleaning, is modelled after food production practices, where hygiene is maintained without direct human intervention. These days, running these modern, multifunctional vending machines requires giving the highest priority to food safety and putting rigorous control measures in practice.This case study aimed to implement a CIP procedure in a vending machine and assess microbial contamination. Water, blender, and smoothies were microbiologically analyzed to evaluate the microbial safety of ingredients, equipment, and the final product.Microbiological analysis showed that none of the samples was contaminated with three major pathogens: Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli. This study showed the importance of the Clean-in-Place (CIP) process in automated vending machines.

Envisioning a better world of human and technology: theoretical and empirical considerations to connect communication scholarship to ethical technology design

ABSTRACT With the artificial intelligence and robotics revolution transforming science and society rapidly, ethical issues surrounding the development and use of advanced technologies are causing concerns worldwide. Despite communication scholars being well-positioned to tackle issues relevant to ethical technology development, we have conducted little research to inform and critique this space. This paper aims to advocate for better knowledge and approaches in ethical technology design and communication scholarship, and encourage communication researchers to contribute to technology design by leveraging communication expertise and borrowing scholarly insights from other fields. Specifically, we introduce foundational feminist technoscience theories and relevant technology design approaches, propose seven core design principles to aid communication research, and discuss how communication scholarship can benefit the space of technology.

Digital healthcare: A topical and futuristic review of technological and robotic revolution

Abstract Healthcare sector has become one of the challenging sectors to handle patient records as well as to provide better treatment to patients within a limited period. Covid-19 also exposed the limitations of the healthcare system due to the lack of better services. So, the involvement of information and communication technologies (ICTs) with the healthcare sector brings radical changes at global as well as local levels such as in hospitals and dispensaries. The article enlightened a novel survey technological paradigm that helps to facilitate the digital healthcare. With the use of technologies, the healthcare sectors are becoming more digital, innovative, patient-centric, and more effective. This article explores the proposed technological developments such as real-time health monitoring, generation of electronic health records, patient health record, mhealth, robotics, as well as robot sensors that are associated with healthcare sectors. This article also highlights the role of ICTs in different healthcare-related fields such as education, hospital management, health-related research, and data management as well as lightening the delivery levels of healthcare services. The article deals with the robotic applications in the healthcare field. This article categorizes the technologies as current and futuristic technological innovations enabling healthcare-as-a-service with benefits.

Socialist cinema, gender, and the robot revolution: Ion Popescu Gopo’s Galax, the Doll-Man (1984) beyond Utopia and Dystopia

ABSTRACT In this article, I argue for the relevance of Eastern European cinema dealing with the robot revolution in the context of Romanian communism. I aim to fill a gap in the literature by focusing on Galax, the Doll-Man (Galax, omul-păpușă, 1984), the only Romanian drama movie centered on a robot, and directed by Ion Popescu Gopo (1923–1989), the most internationally awarded Romanian animator and cineaste during communism. I argue that Gopo’s Galax challenges obliquely socialist realism and the Hollywood sci-fi blockbusters of the period, providing emancipatory gender insights and an appealing alternative to utopian or dystopian scenarios in which robotic technology is either liberating or all-destructive. In Galax, Gopo combines different filmic genres and styles to explore a multi-layered crisis of subjectivity, human relations, and male-dominated public authorities generated by the robot revolution. Gopo’s emancipatory vision reconstructs the transformative relationship between the robot Galax capable of learning and creation, and a young female student (Mariana) who challenges different male authorities built on social, political, and psychiatric rationalities, and thus breaks with the typical female heroes of the Romanian socialist films – the sacrificial worker, mother, or activist.

Are you ready for the robot revolution?

Are you ready for the robot revolution?

Technologies for Entrepreneurship at Basic Education: the UKids project lesson for the after COVID-19

Since the computer and robotics revolution at the end of the 20th century, it is assumed that the way of working, or the time dedicated to leisure would change. And changes took place, albeit sequentially and following globalization and the respective capitalist demands. However, workers now have email and other platforms in their electronic systems that make them contactable 24 hours a day. Thus, instead of the expected increase in time dedicated to leisure and family, it decreases. Recently, this situation has undergone the first reversal, although forced, when the world is invaded, by surprise, with a pandemic called COVID-19. In two days, the globe economy is forced to slow down and parents in telecommuting, start to accompany more their children at school. Teaching undergoes an evolution from 19th century methodologies to 21st century methodologies. In other words, from work in the classroom they move to synchronous and asynchronous lessons. Also citizenship topics such as sustainable development together with Social and Educational Entrepreneurship are promoted in School programs. Simultaneously, two documents stand out and guide human behaviors until 2030 and 2063, respectively the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the 2063 Agenda for Africa. The present work presents the new teaching strategies followed and the support technologies used in the implementation of the UKIDS pilot project. To implement it a 3rd year classroom from a primary school nearby Porto was used as the case study and the entrepreneurship culture dimension/”trash value” challenge were selected. Reusing things, helping their parents to separate the garbage, keeping all egg cartoon and make objects from them was compulsory. At the end, a questionnaire was implemented, and the 3rd year children reported to have learned more about the Development Goals with the Ukids project then in the classroom.

Robot Operating System 2: Design, architecture, and uses in the wild.

The next chapter of the robotics revolution is well underway with the deployment of robots for a broad range of commercial use cases. Even in a myriad of applications and environments, there exists a common vocabulary of components that robots share-the need for a modular, scalable, and reliable architecture; sensing; planning; mobility; and autonomy. The Robot Operating System (ROS) was an integral part of the last chapter, demonstrably expediting robotics research with freely available components and a modular framework. However, ROS 1 was not designed with many necessary production-grade features and algorithms. ROS 2 and its related projects have been redesigned from the ground up to meet the challenges set forth by modern robotic systems in new and exploratory domains at all scales. In this Review, we highlight the philosophical and architectural changes of ROS 2 powering this new chapter in the robotics revolution. We also show through case studies the influence ROS 2 and its adoption has had on accelerating real robot systems to reliable deployment in an assortment of challenging environments.

“Where, O Death, Is Your Sting?”: The Resurrected Body, Its Cyborgnetic Future and the Advent of Christian Transhumanism

The 21st century’s robotic revolution will have massive effects on human societies. Neuroscientists have experimented with the idea of preserving the brain after death through vitrifixation in the hopes of uploading the minds of individuals into the cloud or cyborgnetic bodies. However, the likelihood of duplicating the 86 billion neurons in the human connectome is remote. Yet neuroscientists have had some success in connecting brain cells to robots, which echoes the philosophical question of “Brains in a Vat.” This article addresses the consequences of such a development for Christianity. Since Christianity is predicated on resurrection and life everlasting, the transhumanist vision of connecting the human brain to cyborgnetic bodies, particularly if it becomes popular, poses a serious challenge. This article suggests a way in which Christianity may be able to incorporate that vision into Christian theology, leading to the advent of Christian transhumanism.