Access Roads Research Articles

Community perceptions on socio-economic impacts of uranium exploration in Selous Ecosystem, Tanzania

Large-scale mining has positive and negative effects that impact people differently leading to varying perceptions. This study assessed perceptions of local communities on socio-economic impacts of uranium exploration in Selous Ecosystem, Tanzania. The study was guided by three main research questions (i) Are local communities aware of the impacts of uranium exploration? (ii) What are the socio-economic impacts of uranium exploration? and (iii) What are perceptions of local communities on uranium impacts? A simple random sampling technique was used to select 51 households for questionnaire survey. Additionally, 22 key informants were interviewed and 2 focus group discussions were conducted. Moreover, secondary information such as government policies, legislations, and previous published and unpublished reports were reviewed. The quantitative information was analysed through Statistical Package for Social Science. For the purpose of this study, descriptive statistics was used while qualitative information was analysed using content analysis technique. In terms of awareness, 51% were unaware on negative impacts of uranium mining. The positive socio-economic impacts reported were employment opportunities, improved quality of life, road accessibility and economic opportunities. However, the majority of people interviewed (70 %) claimed that they have not received individual benefits from uranium exploration activities. Perception differed significantly, with 72% of those employed in the mine having positive perceptions, compared to 62% of the unemployed individuals who had negative perceptions. This study recommends a community-based bottom-up approach for awareness raising on uranium impacts. In addition, the mining company should implement effectively its corporate social responsibilities because, the negative perceptions may stand as a hindrance for accomplishment of its goals. The findings of this study provide preliminary baseline for future studies to monitor the impacts of uranium in particular radioactivity pathways associated with uranium mining

Recommendations for Appropriate Design for Handling Landslides on the Slopes of the Balai River (Sei Balai), Batubara Regency

Sei Balai River, precisely in Nibung Hangus/Tanjung Tiram District, Batu Bara Regency, is one of the rivers in the Bah Bolon River Area (WS). Sei Balai River has experienced flooding several times and caused landslides on the riverbanks. One of the most critical locations is in Lima Beras Village, Nibung Hangus/Tanjung Tiram District, Batu Bara Regency, which has damaged the riverbanks which are feared that if not handled early, it may result in the breaking of community access roads in the mobilization and demobilization of agricultural and plantation products in the village. Based on the results of the geotechnical investigation, it was concluded that the Bearing Capacity Value of the Shallow Foundation Permit from the qc Data was obtained at No. Test. S - 1, with a depth of 5 meters, the permitted bearing capacity (Qi) was 3.8 (Ton / m2) with a square foundation width B = 1 m and No. Test. S – 2, with a depth of 5 meters, the permissible bearing capacity (Qi) is 4.53 (Ton/m2) B = 1 m

Household resilience of women migrant worker sellers of Jamu Gendong

Background The selling of Jamu Gendong (an Indonesian traditional herbal medicine), is closely associated with the informal work of women who migrate to different regions. In Sukoharjo Regency and Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province, the pressing need to meet household necessities in their places of origin compels women to assume the role of breadwinners. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the livelihood capital and resilience of migrant women selling jamu gendong. Methods The study was conducted in Ciamis Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia, in November 2022, using quantitative and qualitative methods. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The sample comprised 51 women selected through snowball sampling and actively involved in selling Jamu Gendong, along with six key individuals from relevant agencies. Results The research findings indicate that the households of migrant women who sell jamu gendong can survive and adapt during their migration to prevent poverty by implementing diverse livelihood strategies. They are the only ones who move without their family members renting a place to live with them. This research has identified various capital sources, including productive age and skills in preparing jamu gendong; physical capital, including road infrastructure, markets, and access to health and education facilities; and natural, social, and financial capital. This research provides an in-depth understanding of women’s roles in family economic resilience, diversification of life strategies, the importance of social capital in migrant networks, economic empowerment through migration, and the influence of cultural values on livelihood strategies. Conclusions The findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the resilience demonstrated by migrant women selling jamu gendong. However, further research should be conducted in areas beyond the city center to obtain a holistic view of their resilience.

The Perception of User for Road Damage: A Case Majalengka-West Java

The development of road infrastructure in various countries is growing rapidly in line with the increasing need for more efficient transportation and better road access to various regions. Suppose in a country the road infrastructure is damaged. In that case, it will result in limited access to more efficient transportation, hinder the mobility of road and goods users, and potentially slow down economic growth. This study aims to determine the level of satisfaction of road users with the condition of the pavement on Jl. Pejuang-Sindangkasih, and determine the level of existing damage. This research is located on Jl. Pejuang-Sindangkasih, which is located in Majalengka District, Majalengka Regency, West Java. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire, which is intended to collect data on the level of damage felt, the impact of damage on comfort and safety, and road users' expectations for road repairs. Overall, this data provides a clear picture of the profile of road users on Jl. Pejuang-Sindangkasih and how they see the condition of the road. This information can be an important basis for road repair and maintenance to improve comfort and safety for all road users. Some respondents also emphasized the importance of immediate repairs to road damage to reduce the risk of accidents and vehicle damage. In addition, respondents from younger age groups tend to be more critical of road conditions and show a high awareness of the importance of good road infrastructure. Road damage is very dangerous for road users, especially for motorcycle users, and urgent repairs are needed. Overall, this information provides important information about the planning and implementation of road repairs, with a special emphasis on the most important elements to improve the safety and comfort of road users.

Housing and social sustainability in Uganda; case of Pagirinya Refugee Settlement in Adjumani district

PurposeThis paper aims to respond to the need for “socially sustainable settlements for all” and the need for successful integration within the settlements through building strong social constructs among the settlers.Design/methodology/approachMixed methods were used in this study. A sample size of 332 households in Pagirinya Refugee Settlement was used. The settlement is divided into six blocks, each block is subdivided into clusters. Each cluster comprises of 100 households. Due to variations in the number of households in each settlement block, the authors used a proportional sampling approach to determine the number of respondent households in each settlement block. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. Chi-square and an interdependent multivariate statistical analysis were performed to establish the relationship between housing and social sustainability.FindingsThe study finds a significant relationship between housing and social sustainability when considered jointly on the variables of roofs of buildings and how often the refugee respondents meet with neighbours (p = 0.018) and when considered jointly on the variables of the width of access roads and how knowledgeable the refugee respondents are about their neighbours (p = 0.018). The study also finds a significant relationship between housing and social sustainability when considered jointly on the variables of the number of direct access roads to the households and the number of friends of the refugee respondents (p = 0.019).Originality/valueWith limited literature, this is a novel approach. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous studies focused on the specifics of a building and analysed its relationship with the social dynamics, especially in settlement studies.

The Difference Knowledge and Skill to do BLS with Video and Demonstration Methods in Youth Organizations RW 04 Ambengan Tengah Surabaya

Tim Gerak Cepat (TGC) is one of Surabaya's command centers that serves various real time reports related to medical emergencies, one of which is cardiac arrest. Not every time TGC can arrive to provide rapid assistance, which can be influenced by inadequate road access to the location. This causes the provision of help including help for victims of cardiac arrest to be delayed. The objectives is to analyze the video effectiveness and demonstration methods on the ability to perform BLS on youth organizations RW 04 Ambengan Tengah Surabaya. Using pre-experimental using Two Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The study population was all youth organizations in RW 04 Ambengan Tengah Surabaya. The research sample amounted to 36 adolescents who were selected by random sampling by meeting the inclusion criteria. The data analysis used was the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney test. The Wilcoxon test showed that both methods could improve knowledge about BLS with a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05) and could improve adolescents' skills in performing BLS with a significance value in the video group of 0.002 while in the demonstration group it was 0.001 (p<0.05). The different results score pre-test post-test knowledge of both methods with the Mann Whitney test showed a significance value in 0.129 (p <0.05) while the skill different score pre-test post-test had a significance 0.500 (p>0.05) value . This shows that between the video and demonstration methods there is no significant difference.

The effect of intersection vehicle scheduling based on the service system of sensors and intelligent traffic road information

With the high-speed development of the automobile industry, the number of domestic vehicles has increased significantly, which has posed a great challenge to the efficiency of road access. To fully utilize the intersection scheduling function of the intelligent transportation system, an optimization of the stranded traffic system based on LoRa is studied. Then, the greedy strategy and adaptive coefficient are used for optimization to obtain an improved genetic algorithm (GA), which is used to verify the intersection scheduling function. In addition, comparative experiments are conducted with standard GA, adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA), and hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA). The AGA optimizes the GA by adapting genetic parameters, while the HGA combines GA with a simulated annealing algorithm. The results showed that comparing the improved GA with GA, AGA, and HGA, the improved GA reduced the average value of individual extremum by 50.36%, 47.51%, and 37.16%, respectively. Compared with other mainstream algorithms, the improved GA reduced the number of stranded vehicles at intersections to 0 during traffic light timing. This indicates that the improved GA has higher and better performance and scheduling advantages in the intersection scheduling of intelligent transportation road service systems. The research aims to provide new ideas for improving traffic efficiency in intelligent transportation systems and promoting the informatization development of modern traffic management.

ASSESSING YOUTH INVOLVEMENT IN AGRICULTURE IN YOLA-NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ADAMAWA STATE

The study examined youth involvement in agriculture in Yola-North Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Data were collected from 230 farmers using a well-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that the most (52.61%) of respondents were male, with an average age of 21 years. Most respondents (55.22%) were single with an average household size of 4 persons. Educationally, 2.61% had primary education, 7.39% had secondary education, 52.61% had diploma, and 37.39% had HND/Degree, indicating that all the respondents were educated. Additionally, most respondents earned between N40,000 and N200,000 annually. Factors influencing youth participation in agriculture revealed that age and sex were positive and significant at 1% level (P<0.01), while educational level was negative but significant at 10% level (P<0.1). Constraints identified included lack of government assistance, insufficient capital, poor road access, inadequate feed supply, poor extension services, and poor marketing prices. Sex (male) and age were positively associated with youth participation in agriculture, whereas the lack of government support was a significant barrier preventing youth from engaging in agricultural activities. The study recommends that inputs such as agrochemicals and credit should be made available on time and at subsidized rates by both governmental and non-governmental organizations to make agriculture more appealing to youths. Furthermore, the government or relevant institutions should strictly monitor and supervise any development or empowerment initiatives to prevent mismanagement by involved dignitaries.

Analysis of cement-stabilized soil on road embankment employing finite element analysis - a case study

Abstract The application of stabilized soil is fast expanding around the world, and it is delivering improvements to the construction industry. Stabilized soil is a popular choice for reinforcing road embankments around the world. A layer of cement-stabilized soil can reduce the settlement of the soil layer below the embankments. This study compares the long-term settlement of road embankments with and without cement-stabilized soil layers of the Chittagong Port Access Road located at Teknaf Bangladesh. The settlement analysis of the road embankment was performed using the Finite Element Analysis with Plaxis2D. In this study, two forms of sequence modeling were used. First, the settlement of a road embankment without reinforcement was examined. The second modeling step was to determine the settlement of an embankment reinforced with a cement-stabilized soil layer. Following the simulation, a comparison was performed. Additionally, the effect of cement content (4%, 8%, and 12%), compaction energy, and single, double, and triple layers of CSS on long-term settlement along with the factor of safety of the embankment have been addressed. The results demonstrated that using this specific cement-stabilized soil below the road embankment has decreased the long-term settlement of the soil while increasing the safety of the embankment compared to that without the cement-stabilized soil reinforcement.

Expanding the associations between built environment characteristics and residential mobility in high-density neighborhood unit

Global trend of urbanization has led to frequent residential mobility and urban shrinkage issues. Planners and policy makers advocate for enhancing built environment quality of neighbourhood units to address these issues. Although the impact factors and degree of the influence of the built environment on residential mobility have been studied, the nonlinear effects at the neighbourhood level, and the relative importance when considered alongside other factors, remain unclear. In this study, the central area of Nanjing using mobile phone signalling data, the 5Ds framework, machine learning algorithms, and interpretable model Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) are examined. The finding shows that (1) economy and neighbourhood ties are still key drivers of relocation. (2) Optimizing highly accessible road network for short-distance travel and developing low-density urban mode has become significant methods to attract relocators, interacting with other factors to influence residential mobility. (3) High-quality neighbourhood design, diverse amenities, and proximity to natural landscapes increase willingness to relocate, (4) while religion, socio-demographics, and large-scale transportation accessibility have minimal impact. The study offers four urban development recommendations to help municipal planners and policy makers create liveable cities and cohesive communities, providing essential insights for early or renewal stage urban planning stages.

How do complete streets policies and legislative ordinances implement explicit wording regarding low-income populations and communities of color? A qualitative analysis

OverviewActive transportation, walking/bicycling for transportation, provides physical/mental health benefits to those who participate; however, there are inequities in participation among various populations, which creates health disparities among groups (racial/ethnic minorities, LGBTQ+ communities, low-income, disabled/older individuals, youth/children, women). Complete Streets policies and legislative ordinances aim to ‘create useable streets for all’ in various cities across the United States; however, previous studies showed a lack of wording surrounding low-income populations and communities of color within these specific city-level literatures. The purpose of this current study was to qualitatively examine city-level policies/legislative ordinances addressed low-income populations and communities of color using thematic analysis. MethodsComplete Streets plans which had mentioned low-income populations and communities of color were obtained from a previous study and a public database. Thematic qualitative analysis was conducted to identify common themes. ResultsComplete Streets initiatives (n = 57) were analyzed with various themes identified, including actionable strategies for implementation, identification of funding mechanisms, and others. DiscussionComplete Streets policies and legislative ordinancesguide key stakeholders to creating safe and accessible roads for populations of different demographics and traveling in different transportation modes. Underserved and under resourced populations need be included within policy/legislation literature to ensure equitable engagement within city-level Complete Streets plans.

Selection of potential location for technopark based on pineapple SMEs using AHP-GIS techniques in Kampar Regency

Kampar Regency, as the largest pineapple producer in Riau Province, has yet to provide significant added value for the surrounding SMEs. The limitations in technology and innovation, infrastructure support, and market access have prevented this potential from being optimally utilized. A Technopark can provide the necessary facilities and infrastructure to enhance production efficiency, innovation, and product quality, thus driving local economic growth. The objective of this study is to identify and determine potential locations for the development of a pineapple-based Technopark in Kampar Regency. This study is crucial as a fundamental consideration in selecting the technopark location and assessing the effectiveness and success of the technopark area. The method used in this study is AHP-GIS to analyze relevant parameters in the site selection process for the technopark area. Parameters considered in this study include slope, land use, availability of raw materials, accessibility of roads, access to water resources, proximity to universities, market access, population density, and landfill. The analysis results indicate that the percentage of land highly suitable for the technopark location is 0.78%, covering an area of 8943 hectares. Based on the analysis, it is recommended that potential locations for the development of a pineapple SMEs-based technopark in Kampar Regency are dispersed in Tambang District, encompassing three villages: Rimbo Panjang, Kualu Nenas and Tarai Bangun. The findings of this study align with the spatial planning of Kampar Regency.

The right to be rural: Farm community development and social services in Zimbabwe’s resettlement areas

ABSTRACT At a time when practitioners and scholars are crystallized around reconnoitering the outcomes of Zimbabwe’s fast track land reform, focus on farm community development and social services in the resettlements is paltry. These communities were envisaged to be enablers and guarantors of rural and national development. Applying a Transformative Social Policy approach and qualitative methodology, the article draws on nuanced insights from the resettlement areas with the principal aim of advancing pathways for improving farm community development. The study shows that fast track communities are characterized by multiple and enduring lacunae in social services particularly schools, clinics, potable water, shopping centers, accessible roads, and reliable transport. However, the farmers are responding in agentive and innovative ways to reduce the challenges. This study enriches community development theory, and informs policy-makers on pertinent aspects that should inform policy and practice in relation to social services and development in resettlement areas.

Evaluasi Tata Kelola Destinasi Wisata Tebing Breksi di Yogyakarta: Analisis Berdasarkan Indikator Sapta Pesona

This research aims to evaluate the governance of the Breksi Cliff Tourism destination in Yogyakarta based on the Sapta Pesona indicators. Breksi Cliff, which was originally a mining site, has developed into an attractive geological tourism destination thanks to the creative efforts of the local community. This research used a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 170 tourists who visited Tebing Breksi. The analysis was carried out using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) to identify gaps between the level of importance and performance of Sapta Pesona indicators consisting of security, order, cleanliness, coolness, beauty, friendliness and memories. The results of the analysis show that most of the indicators are in quadrants I and II, which means they are considered important by tourists but their performance varies. Indicators such as staff knowledge, cleanliness of toilets and environmental planning are considered important and have good performance, while road access and prompt service require improvement. Based on these results, it is recommended to maintain good performance and improve aspects that have not met tourist expectations in order to improve the quality of tourism and the competitiveness of Tebing Breksi as a geological tourism destination.

Analisis Kualitas Permukiman Berbantuan Google Earth di Desa Sungai Kedukan, Kabupaten Banyuasin, Sumatra Selatan

The river basin settlement in Sungai Kedukan Village is a settlement located along the river and has an area of approximately 300,000 m2 with RT boundaries covering 8 RTs along the Nibung River, Sungai Kedukan Village with a background of the problem of residential building density where the condition of the buildings is very close together because of the large number of residents living in the settlement, irregular building layout, and lack of facilities and infrastructure. The purpose of the study was to determine the quality of settlements assisted by Google Earth in Sungai Kedukan Village, (DAS), Rambutan District, Banyuasin, South Sumatra. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method that has a population and sample using purposive sampling with data processing using the Google Earth application and to conduct analysis, namely by entering formulas from building density parameters, building layout, road width, and access road conditions, as well as by collecting questionnaires to determine the quality of the residential environment. This study shows that the quality of settlements and residential environments in river basin areas produces the same results and is included in various categories, namely poor and moderate.

Effects of Transport Infrastructure Development on the Socioeconomic Wellbeing of Baro Residents: A Study of Baro Inland Port in Niger State

The development of Baro inland port is heavily reliant on the availability of robust transport infrastructure and accessibility, which is crucial for enhancing the socioeconomic wellbeing of Baro residents. This study investigates the effects of transport infrastructure development on the socioeconomic wellbeing of Baro residents. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire survey, with 394 questionnaires administered randomly to Baro residents. A total of 350 completed questionnaires were returned and analyzed using descriptive statistics (simple percentage) and chi-squared analysis. The findings reveal that transport infrastructure development has a significant positive impact on socioeconomic wellbeing, leading to improved access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. To build on this, prioritization of access road and rail network construction and rehabilitation is recommended to facilitate efficient passenger and goods movement. Furthermore, the involvement of Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) is suggested by this study to address the challenges facing Baro inland port and enhance the flow of passengers and goods.

Assessing the impact of urban road transport development on haze pollution in the Yangtze River Delta region

The aim of this paper is to explore whether and how urban road transport (URT) development affects haze pollution. One of the innovations of this paper is that URT development is measured by road accessibility with novel digital elevation model datasets, which have been used by few scholars. The endogenous problem caused by revere causality issue in the relationship between URT development and haze pollution is also considered. Based on the panel data of prefecture-level cities of Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper uses long-lagged values of URT development as the instrumental variable, employing the two-stage least squares (2SLS) method. The study shows that URT development leads to an increase of haze pollution. Moreover, mechanism tests based on moderating and mediating models support the finding that decreasing haze pollution resulted from better connection effects, while rising agglomeration effects tend to bring about increasing haze pollution, and the latter effect is larger in magnitude than the former. Current URT development may have long-term negative consequences for livability of YRD cities, and urban decision makers should reconsider the effectiveness of the current road transport investment and construction.

Efforts of The Nagari Taram Government in Improving Community Welfare Through Kapalo Banda Tourism

The main problem in this study is the effort to improve community welfare through the development of Kapalo Banda tourism. Limited basic infrastructure such as inadequate road conditions and minimal supporting facilities are the main obstacles. Access roads to the location of tourist attractions are still in poor condition, there is a lot of damage and obstacles making it difficult for tourists to reach them. infrastructure problems, management of Kapalo Banda tourism objects by the Taram regional government has also not been implemented optimally. The type of research used by the researcher is field research using qualitative descriptive research methods to obtain data from the problems studied. Kapalo Banda tourism has created new jobs for the community, thereby reducing unemployment in the area. The economic impact of Kapalo Banda tourism development improves the quality of life of the community, increasing the standard of living and social welfare of the Nagari Taram community. Kapalo Banda tourism has a positive impact on the economy and social welfare of the community. get increased income, job opportunities and a better quality of life. Kapalo Banda tourism has created new jobs for the community, thereby increasing job opportunities, reducing unemployment. The development of Kapalo Banda tourism has increased community income, both from the tourism sector and other economic sectors related to the existence of tourist attractions.

A Season at the Himalayan Rescue Association Aid Post in Manang.

The Himalayan Rescue Association (HRA) has operated high altitude clinics in Nepal for 50 years, with rising visitor numbers, especially from India, China, and Nepal. New roads have eased access and increased the speed of ascent in some areas. Our aim was to provide a description of the activities, clinical problems, and lecture attendees of the HRA aid post in Manang over one season. We also highlight the evolving challenges of providing healthcare and education in the high Himalayan region. We describe the clinical and educational activities of the HRA aid post in Manang from September 24 to December 1, 2023. Prospective clinical data collection included anonymized patient demographics and diagnoses. Lecture data were taken from the attendee register and by daily manual counts of lecture attendees. We saw 376 patients, 62% of whom were Nepalis. Infectious diseases (42%) and altitude illness (16%) were the most common problems. A total of 846 people from 47 countries attended the daily altitude lectures. Only 5% of attendees were Nepali. Electrical supply interruptions and limitations in medical evacuation options were among the challenges of providing care at a high altitude clinic and preventing altitude illness using educational lectures. Altitude illness remains a common and potentially life-threatening problem, with risks increased by rapid ascent enabled by new road access and by ignorance of risks of altitude among travelers, especially Nepalis. Language barriers in educational outreach call for novel approaches and interventions that will ensure the effectiveness of altitude education.

Understanding the influence of environmental factors on driver speed: A structural equation modeling analysis

This study examined the influential roadway and contextual factors affecting drivers' speed selection through a comprehensive investigation employing structural equation modeling. Roadway and contextual variables including road curvature, presence of roundabouts, adverse weather conditions, and access were investigated using infrared speed sensors. The analysis revealed that specific roadway and contextual factors such as field variables, uphill and downhill road inclines, particular road curvature, and rainy weather significantly influence drivers' chosen speeds, while factors such as road access, nighttime conditions, larger road curvature, and signage exhibit a lesser impact. Notably, the study also found a positive correlation between road curvature radius and driver-chosen speed. The study's implications for transportation infrastructure planning and road safety interventions are underscored, with potential applications in road design, signage improvement, and weather-responsive measures to regulate driver speed choices in specific roadway and contextual conditions.