Riverside Settlement Research Articles

Women’s search for public space and leisure in Agra: cots, courtyards, and riverbank

ABSTRACT Historians have often highlighted the centrality of bazaars and the streets in urban public life in India as a space for politics and mobilisation. Historically, these bazaars and streets have been the domain of men, while spaces created by dominant urban planning logics like sequestered parks and enclosed marketplaces are marked by exclusion across various axes. Where do women then find opportunities for leisure, solidarity, chance encounter, or discursive politics? The paper explores this question through a case study of a low-income riverside settlement in Agra using ethnographic field work conducted in 2019. This included observations, interviews, and group discussions with residents, community leaders, and police officials, and a systematic review of local and national news reports. The paper finds that for women, public spaces like riverbanks, streets, and large parks are characterised by a ‘mahaul’ (translated here as affective environment) that is risky and ‘kharab’ (immoral or corrupt) due to their sticky affective association with harassment, transgression, romance, and the risk of elopements. Instead, women find opportunities for leisure and sociality by coming together on cots in shared courtyards or rooftops within their neighbourhood – these form their ‘enclosed outside’ where they find opportunities for sociality, leisure (which exists simultaneously with work), and discussion. By centring women’s experiences, vocabularies, and everyday relationship with public spaces, and underscoring the register of ‘affect’ in these experiences, this paper makes an important contribution to the growing literature on gendering right to the city and the feminist argument for women’s right to leisure spaces. The paper also centres the importance of local built elements like shared courtyards within a neighbourhood especially for women, with implications for urban planning and design.

Strengths and Interests Between Actors in Collaborative Governance: Review of the Riverside Settlement Revitalization Policy in Banjarmasin City

This study aims to analyze and identify the strengths and interests of state actors and non-state actors in the revitalization of residents’ houses in the riverside area of Banjarmasin City from the perspective of Collaborative Governance. This study used a qualitative approach by collecting data through observation, in-depth analysis, and document analysis. The findings of this study explain that collaborative governance is an alternative to public policy as an interactive process involving state and non-state actors autonomously who use shared rules and norms carried out collectively to solve societal problems. Collaboration involving actors in power with interests in decision-making might fail during its implementation. This research contributes to the scientific literature on interactions between actors and collaborative governance because the problems faced by the public are fought for, and collaborative governance implementation cannot be separated from the presence of actors involved in advocating for issues of public concern.

URBAN LEFT-OVER SPACE: CHARACTERISTIC IDENTIFICATION OF THE IN-BETWEEN SPACES IN RIVERSIDE SETTLEMENT (CASE STUDY: MARTAPURA RIVERSIDE SETTLEMENT AT SASIRANGAN VILLAGE)

The identity of "Thousand Rivers' City" makes the river have the meaning of identity and life orientation. River-oriented life inflicted an adaptive behavior called budaya sungai. However, the globalization process has caused a shift from river-oriented to land-oriented and creates heterogeneity in riverside settlements. Creating variations of typology such as atas sungai, bantaran sungai, and tepian sungai. The emergence of these typologies indirectly creates urban leftover space as a transition called the in-between space. This research aims to identify the characteristic of the in-between spaces in riverside settlements so that the space does not become negative and can be utilized to meet the living needs of people who live in riverside settlements. The research used explanatory sequential design methods, based on the quantitative phase, a figure-ground analysis identified curvilinear as the typological patterns and homogenous as textural patterns of the riverside settlement. The map shows a high-density level of solids with no central open system void. Based on the qualitative phase, all in-between spaces have linear patterns and are mostly made of wood materials. 76.47% of enclosures are open but in contrast to land use which is mostly private. 2 out of 17 in-between spaces could not be characterized.

Measuring Sustainability of Kampong Tudong Riverside Settlements Using Urban Modeling Interface Simulation

Coastal settlements are the most vulnerable area to climate change, which has had an increasing impact on natural changes and human life in recent years. Therefore, sustainable riverside settlement models need to be developed by maximizing welfare with minimal environmental damage through modeling simulations that can help understand, compare and evaluate buildings and settlements. Simulation of Kampong Tudong on the banks of Kapuas River used Urban Modeling Interface to analyze the floor area ratio, daylighting, operational energy, and mobility. The simulation results show values of 0.21 on Floor Area Ratio, 30% on average natural resources for building daylighting, 86 kWh/m2year on operational energy, and 66 on mobility. Meanwhile, the efficient standard values are <3.2 on FAR, 55% on average daylighting, 10.08-30 kWh/m2.year on operational energy, and 90-100 on mobility. Existing simulation values indicate that these values can still be improved and maximized further for the sustainability of the riverside settlements.

Growth Morphology of Settlement on the Riverside Musi in Palembang

The growth of settlements on the banks of the Musi River, Palembang as a center of trade and government cannot be separated from the existence of rivers and their flows which then change the morphology of the riverbanks. The morphological development of the city formed as a result of riverbank reclamation is strongly influenced by endogenous and exogenous forces. Physical development by the community that is not in harmony with the river causes environmental problems that affect the quality of the residential environment. The research method uses a qualitative case study approach to explore information on the reality of the field in the research area. Each segment is analyzed for settlement growth which is formulated into four categories and then produces a theme. Overall, the morphology of the settlement growth of the Musi Riverside is in two patterns, namely with urban growth where the riverside settlement area has a cluster and linear pattern that has an impact on the economic growth of the settlement and is not in harmony with the morphology of the riverbank with all its mixing activities. Furthermore, linear growth, where the growth of suburban settlements is only concentrated in areas that provide road access, and riverside land is still a water catchment area.

Konsolidasi Tanah Kawasan Permukiman Kumuh Tepi Sungai Di Badur Bawah

Riverside settlement in the Lower Badur Bawah area, precisely along the deli river in Hamdan village, Medan Maimoon sub-district , are one of the slum settlements being unorganized and densely populatade and the disposal of household waste water is not in place which makes this area prone to slum. Therefore, it is necessary to revitalize the area with land consolidation method in order to create a healthy and comfortable encironmental area in accordance with the social, economic, and cultural conditions of the surrounding community but do not forget the regulations that apply in the city of Medan. This research was conducted by conducting interviews with stakeholders and field observations by observing the behavior and activities of the residents of Badur bawah to produce a physical desription of the exixting settlements. Based on the results of observations, it was found that the characteristics of residential residents showed the orientation of the building back to the river, the lack of sewerage and the lack of public space and open space areas. The solution to the existing problems through consolidation of regional land by providing decent housing in accordance with the needs and income of the population and utilizing the river border as a open space that can be used as an area of social activity between residents to strengthen a sense of togetherness so that a sense of protecting, maintaining security and evironmental comfort, especially the cleanliness of the Deli river.

PERANCANGAN FASILITAS KAMPUNG WISATA DI SUNGAI JINGAH BANJARMASIN

Banjarmasin holds rich history and culture along its riversides which is supposedly to be conserved. Regarding this, the Department of Tourism of Banjarmasin City created a program Called Kota Pusaka and are willing to develop Sungai Jingah’s riverside settlement to become a Tourism Village. In this work of planning the writer applies Infill Design method to synthesize designs corresponding the surrounding houses, whether it would be matching or given the context of nowadays technology and materials. Infill Design also allows for contrasting designs to be formed. The purpose of applying Infill Design method is to add the functions of tourism into the existing settlement. The results are that the area able to be built on are empy sites and sites with broken down houses. The mass shapes for matching and compatible buildings and elements are gable roof or stepped-up roof. The mass shapes for contrasting buildings and elements are composed of transformed shapes with folds and rolls.

Disaster and Resilient Infrastructures at Musi Riverside Settlement in Palembang

The Settlement of the Musi Riverside in Palembang City is the strongest attraction for the community to build settlements. These settlement of the Musi Riverside, which have been inhabited for generations, has architectural and cultural aspects that reflect traditions that still survive. However, the community’s need for housing and riverside infrastructure that extends to cover river catchment areas actually causes changes in land topography, changes in water management, and even river widths that cause urban flooding. The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the resilience of residential infrastructure on the banks of the Musi River, Palembang in the face of urban flooding. This study uses a quantitative method with descriptive analysis, which is made in cross tabulation and based on a geographic information system (GIS). The results showed that the resilience of riverbank infrastructure in the settlements of 5 Ulu and 7 Ulu in dry land was in the form of road expansion, while in wetlands it was in the form of expansion of concrete roads. The direction in reconstructing the disaster resilience of riverside settlements based on exogenous and endogenous aspects is to plan infrastructure criteria for good riverside land.

Open Space Scenario on Riverside Settlement to Access Comfortable Wind Environment

Beyond confines of the geography, urban form has direct impact to its microclimatic condition. The constituted set of buildings and open spaces contribute to its comfortable wind environment. This paper examines incorporation of open spaces as passive urban ventilation to infiltrate wind into a riverside settlement. The research conducted in warm-humid riverside settlement: Pasar Lama Tangerang. The actual wind environment is below desired breezes for outdoor activity like strolling. Upon actual site conditions, such as prevailing wind and morphology of existing buildings, we established three urban morphology scenarios: (1) ground floor open space, (2) pocket open space, (3) combination scenario. The research coupled with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation to calculate air flow rate and wind flow direction in every scenario. Study results reveal the three scenarios can prevent air flow from stagnating and allow better permeability of urban air. Reducing land coverage (open space) is one of the most efficient strategy to increase air flow rate up to 2 times the existing case. CFD simulation provide comprehensive data and help to understand systems, performance and implication of design. The capacity to measure climatic parameters compared and correlated with morphological and topography characteristic can improve the quality of built environment.

Akarsu Kıyı Yerleşimlerinde Kent Kimliğinin Sürdürülebilirliği: Amasya ve Kastamonu Kentleri Örneği

Kent kimliği; bir yerleşimin fiziksel, kültürel, sosyo-ekonomik, tarihsel ve biçimsel faktörlerle zaman içinde oluşan, yerin kendine özgü özelliklerinin tamamı olarak ifade edilebilir. Doğal kimlik bileşenlerinden biri olan akarsuların kıyısında yerleşmiş olan kıyı kentlerinde yerleşim suya göre şekillenmekte ve bu oluşum kentin kimliğine katkı sağlamaktadır. Fakat zamanla akarsulara ve kıyı yerleşimlerine müdahalelerde bulunularak kıyı algısı değiştirilmekte ve kıyı mimari kimliği zedelenmektedir. Bu bağlamda kentlerin kimliklerinin korunması amacıyla, akarsu kıyılarının ve çevre yerleşiminin mimari kimliğinin korunarak, sürdürülmesi gerekmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında; akarsu kıyısında kurulmuş iki kent olan Amasya ile Kastamonu’nun kıyı yerleşimlerinin geçirdiği değişimler karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Arşivlerde yer alan fotoğraflardan yararlanılarak, mevcut durumlarının yerinde inceleme ve gözlem yapılması ile geçirdikleri değişim tespit edilmiştir. İki kentin kıyı kimliğinin değişiminin nedenleri araştırılarak, imar planları için öneriler sunulmuştur.

Vulnerabilities for Exposure to Emerging Infectious Disease at Urban Settlements in Nepal.

In Nepal, rapid urbanization and rural-to-urban migration especially due to internal civil conflict have catalyzed the development of temporary settlements, often along rivers on undeveloped land. This study conducted surveillance for viruses in small mammals and assessed potential risks for virus transmission to people in urban settlements along rivers in Kathmandu, Nepal. We collected samples from 411 small mammals (100 rodents and 311 shrews) at four riverside settlement sites and detected six viruses from four virus families including Thottapalayam virus; a strain of murine coronavirus; two new paramyxoviruses; and two new rhabdoviruses. Additionally, we conducted surveys of 264 residents to characterize animal–human contact. Forty-eight percent of individuals reported contact with wildlife, primarily with rodents and shrews (91%). Our findings confirm that rodents and shrews should be considered a health threat for residents of temporary settlements, and that assessment of disease transmission risk coupled with targeted surveillance for emerging pathogens could lead to improved disease control and health security for urban populations. Additionally, interventions focused on disease prevention should consider the unique urban ecology and social dynamics in temporary settlements, along with the importance of community engagement for identifying solutions that address specific multi-dimensional challenges that life on the urban river margins presents.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s10393-020-01499-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Causal Factors of the Locality Disappearance of Kelayan’s Riverside Settlement in Banjarmasin

Banjarmasin is the capital city of South Borneo province which known as city of one thousand rivers. But nowadays the expansion of riverside localities of Banjarmasin are uncontrolled and almost all of the areas are slums. Slum areas riverside commonly formed by many unorganized building that exceed the river’s borderline and the riverside localities’ behaviors such as throwing the garbage and taking a bath at the river. Our government now focused on handling program to overcome the expansion of riverside slum areas by 100-0-100 movement which means 100% for the water service, 0% for slum area expansion and 100% for sanitation accessibility. Data analysis was descriptive qualitative method with case study approach. Data were collected with observation, questionnaire and interview. Sampling technique was simple random sampling for sample in research location. Result shows that the dominant factors of slum areas at Kelayan riverside are unorganized buildings, uncontrolled garbage and waste management. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26905/lw.v12i2.4166

The typology of settlement in the Deli River side Medan Labuhan Subdistrict

In the city of Medan, population growth is increasing. That affects the Location of settlements in the city. Riverside settlements are a way to divert townspeople to outskirt. It has many problems, caused by natural population growth and migrants (urbanization). Increasing population growth makes settlements a poor quality neighborhood. Without good planning, the settlements become spontaneous settlements and irregular. Medan Labuhan district is a district that has settlements on the river side of Deli. Medan Labuhan Sub-district has a total of 6 urban villages. This study aims to find the typology of residential areas in Deli riverside, Medan Labuhan district and to make the context of settlement concepts in Deli riverside, Medan Labuhan district. The research method used by the qualitative method. They are observation and interviews. Observations were made by observing the topology of residential areas from spontaneous settlements in Medan Labuhan. It will also be made to compare with government policies. This research contributes to knowledge about riverside settlement typology in Medan Labuhan district. This research is also useful for the Medan City Government to be able to make a clearer policy related to the rules of development in the Deli riverside area.

Adaptation from Flooring Level of Stilt House in Sustainable Settlement Musi Riverside Palembang

The development of the Musi River edge house was influenced by the role of the river. The form of a house on the banks of the Musi river is a riverbank house and a stilt house. The choice to build a stilt house is inseparable from the land conditions in South Sumatra, which are generally wetlands. The level/height of the stage of the riverbank house is influenced by the condition of the house in the settlement layer, given the higher volume of water due to the denser density of the riverside houses. The high pole of the house is a form of adaptation to the high volume/tide of river water in the rainy season. One form of vernacular architecture on the banks of the Musi River is a sustainable home in the face of climate and weather in Palembang. The house on stilts or pillar houses is a sustainable alternative to the Musi Palembang riverbank community. The purpose of this study was to determine the trend of the adaptation of the stage floor height to the volume of water at the tidal currents of the Palembang Musi River. In achieving this goal, a study was conducted to identify architectural traces, explore activities and ideas of the Musi coastal communities. Data collection is done through field observations, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. Analysis was carried out qualitatively on variables, process characteristics, and products from identification of riverbank settlements. The results show that most of the houses on the banks of the river experience physical changes in buildings, both in terms of functions and building materials. Changes in the constituent elements of the house from wood material to permanent material occurred in most of the stilt houses on the Musi riverside settlement, resulting in riverside houses characterized by land houses.

A study on urban spatial patterns of riverside settlement: a case study of Musi Riverside, Palembang

The riverside settlements in Palembang are located in wetlands in the form of tidal swamps. This natural condition affects the formation of the urban spatial patterns because all local people activities are carried out on swamp land. Studies on the urban spatial patterns of riverside settlements are intended to obtain the consideration in wetland urban spatial planning, especially in Zoning Regulations, as a tool in building permision. The research method was a case study method consisting of field research and questionnaires distributed to the local community. The location took place in three riverside settlements. The analysis used descriptive analysis for field survey result and likert scale measurements for questionnaire result. The analysis showed that the riverside settlements had unique characteristics because most of the people activities took place above the water. The boundaries of neighborhood units were formed by rivers and roads. The patterns of villages and buildings had two orientations: the road and to the river. The urban spatial patterns in riverside settlement consisted of three patterns: linear patterns, grid patterns, cluster patterns and combinations, due to the natural conditions and the limitations of the material used to form the structure of the road. Buildings and roads in the area were made above the water (on stilts structure), and the height of the stilts considered the water level at the highest tide. The results of this study could be used as consideration in determining the design criteria of urban spatial planning in the riverside settlement.

The identification of the existence of stilt houses at Musi riverside settlement in Palembang

The existence of Musi River influenced the forming of initial settlement in Palembang. Musi river was the main transportation way. Therefore, past people built their houses along the riverbanks. The stilt structure became the best solution as it was aligned and adaptive to the nature of the Musi River. The excellence of the stilt house is less realized by the modern city development. The emergence of new modern houses is easily found side by side with the stilt houses at riverside settlement. The stilt house as a part of vernacular architecture in Palembang tends to be abandoned. This research aims to investigate the existence of vernacular houses and settlements located on the Musi riverbank. In order to achieve this aim, study elaborate function pattern and the form of living existence. This study used a qualitative approach with two vernacular settlements at Musi riverbank as case study namely 3-4 Ulu and 30 Ilir village. Data were collected from six main sources, namely documentation, archival records, interviews, direct observation, participant observation, and physical artifacts. The result shows that there are two changes of the existence of a vernacular settlement at Musi riverside. Firstly, the existence is decreasing in term of space between houses, orientation to the river. Secondly, the existence is increasing in form of coexistence with the new activities and function accommodated by the river. Findings show that the changes are supported by community activities. The change also determines the elements of settlement and layout.

Landscape Design to Improve the Tourism Quality As the Part of Riverside Settlement’s Revitalization

This research of riverside settlement in Kampung Beting extends our understanding of Kapuas riverside as a place to live and make a living. Kampung Beting set on the delta of Kapuas river branching and put it in the history as the part of Pontianak urban city developments. This research explores the phenomenon of the residents that live above the water can adapt and use the Kapuas River as their place to grow and cultivate their domestic productions. The finding shows that there are no specific programs from the residents and also from the government to improve the quality of the domestic output, so the home-based business (hydroculture) are poorly handled. Connected floating corridors, the genuine of water culture, and riverside picturesque are several of the potential factors that can be improved to transform Kampung Beting into an attractive tourist area. The study suggests the landscape design of river aquaculture that can escalate the variation of the venture, increase the resident’s productivity, and create a conducive environment for stability. Designing tourist routes within Kampung Beting, not only introduces cultural and historical values but also aims to increase income for the community.

Physical upgrading plan for slum riverside settlement in traditional area: A case study in Kuin Utara, Banjarmasin, Indonesia

This study aims to draw basic and global concepts for the physical improvement of slum riverside settlements as a fundamental step toward formalizing and securing tenure. Moreover, this work specifies attempts to arrange an upgrading plan derived from the basic strategy for our target location in the traditional settlement of Kuin Utara without failing to recognize its uniqueness and cultural activities.This paper discloses that the basic concept for physical upgrading in a slum settlement consists of three elements: (1) arranging street networks as fundamental systems that structure the settlement, (2) constructing public utility systems that are essential for livelihoods, and (3) providing common space and amenities as “external organs” that form identities and reveal the physical beauty of the location.The proposed infrastructures shall be directed to protect the local cultures and sociocultural activities of the inhabitants. The plan should also be adjusted with respect to the economic constraints in developing countries. Moreover, the improvement strategy for poor housings shall not orientate to modernization merely for beautification without considering the basic aspect: maintaining the dweller's livelihood.

PENERAPAN PERATURAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI PARAMETRIK PADA BANGUNAN DAN LINGKUNGAN PERMUKIMAN KAMPUNG SILIWANGI BANDUNG

The city of Bandung had a rapid development. The growth and development process of the city is largely determined by the strategy of the government itself. Therefore, the government regulates the direction of urban growth through the formation of regulations. However, the current condition of regulations and arrangement of development are quite worrying. The process applied is not in line with regulations, the quality of the environment decreases because of the illegally grown land use of settlements Covenience in an area is also closely related to the conditions of nature environment. Like the existence of Cikapundung river which is no longer considered. It can be seen in riverside housing that increasingly wild and growing organically. The purpose of this study is to identify the physical arrangement of the environment and buildings in the Cikapundung riverside settlement Bandung and its influence on the application of regulations. The method used is 1) A quantitative approach at the stage of data collection and analysis with parametric simulation technique modeling, using Rhinoceros Grasshopper software; 2) A qualitative approach in forming conclusions relating to the prediction of the building mass compared to the existing conditions. Analysis was carried out based on applicable regulatory studies including Building Coverage Ratio (BCR), Floor Average Ratio (FAR), and River Border Line, then applied to the simulation of building shapes, and identified behavior of the inhabitants. This research is expected to be a guide to the strategy of planning, structuring, and developing architcture especially the building form in riverside settlements.
 
 Keywords : Building Regulations, Parametric Simulation, Riverside, Settlement

Potency of Smart Water Flow Management at Lowland Residential Area

Most of the residential areas in Palembang were located at lowland such as riverside. The problem of flood is inevitable at this area. Flood brings loss to the property. This paper aims to seek the potency of applying smart water flow management to cope the risk of loss caused by flood. To achieve the aims, the study (1) observed how residents manage their house to cope the flood; (2) mapped the function of the buildings at a riverside settlement in Palembang and (3) formulized the strategy for anticipating the risk. Data were collected by interview and field survey. Qualitatively, data were overlapped with the topography map to understand the flow of the runoff water within the settlement. Findings reveal that the distance from the water body determine the strategy on cope the risk of flood