Riverside Areas Research Articles

Research and engineering practice of 70-m long-distanceaxial-force servo steel support technology

For deep excavation projects in areas with soft soil and a sensitive surrounding environment, an axial force servo steel support is usually adopted to control the deformation of retaining structures; however, the traditional axial force servo steel support can only be applied to deep excavations with a width of approximately 20 m owing to its technological limitations. In this study, considering the deep excavation project of Shanghai Xuhui Riverside Area A as an example, relevant technical research on a 70-m long-distance axial force servo steel support was conducted and the effect of this steel support in engineering practice was analyzed. Through the successful application of the project, the engineering safety reliability and deformation control effectiveness of the 70-m long-distance axial force servo steel support were verified, which can provide a reference for the design of similar projects.

Levels and health risk assessment of twenty-one current-use pesticides in urban and riverside waters of the Brazilian Amazon Basin

In Brazil, the favorable weather conditions and abundant land contribute to the thriving agricultural production. Brazilian crops extensively employ pesticides due to their high efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and permissive regulatory framework. However, pesticide use also endangers water resources, animal organisms, and human health. Due to the lack of data on pesticide use in the Amazonas forest-based Brazil, the present study aimed to assess the levels of twenty-one current-use pesticides (CUPs) from five different classes in river waters collected from urban and riverside areas in this region. Moreover, the non-carcinogenic risks associated with water consumption were also characterized. Thirteen CUPs were detected in concentrations above the limit of detection (LOD) in at least one of the water samples, and most pesticides were detected in riverside areas. In contrast, only 18% of the analyzed samples were considered “clean,” with only one compound detected. Fenitrothion showed the highest concentration, with a mean value of 4.86 ng/mL (0.30–14.3 ng/mL). Up to 33% of the samples showed levels of fipronil above the LOD, an issue of environmental and human health concern, mainly because of the adverse effects observed in honeybees. Despite this, the human health risk assessment showed a target hazard quotient below one (HQ < 1) in adults for all substances, suggesting that pesticide exposure through water consumption should not mean risk for the riverside populations. Taking into account the large extension of Brazil, as well as its different agricultural practices throughout the country, it would be of great importance to conduct extensive research in other areas. It would help to gain knowledge in this field and to promote eco-friendly alternatives to mitigate pesticide use and, consequently, to reduce their potential adverse effects on human health and the ecosystems.

Loss of sense of belonging in school communities relocated from riverside areas in the Amazon

The feeling of belonging is related to the perception and sensation of being part of something greater, such as a community, a family, a group, or a nation. The present research aimed to analyze whether research participants provide information that could lead to an understanding of the loss of a sense of belonging due to community relocation. The research was methodologically structured as qualitative and descriptive research, as it sought to understand the community's loss of a sense of belonging. The results were obtained through the application of semi-structured interviews in a formative study, revealing that the relocation of the school within the community generated a sense of emotional disconnection and identification with the environment among the people. It is indeed a fact that when someone experiences a sense of belonging, they typically feel integrated, accepted, and valued. Content analysis was conducted based on the results, and the conclusions indicated the loss of a sense of belonging among the interviewees regarding the relocation of the community from the banks of the Madeira River, due to the construction of a hydroelectric plant.

How do taxi drivers expose to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in a Chinese megacity: a rapid assessment incorporating with satellite-derived information and urban mobility data

BackgroundTaxi drivers in a Chinese megacity are frequently exposed to traffic-related particulate matter (PM2.5) due to their job nature, busy road traffic, and urban density. A robust method to quantify dynamic population exposure to PM2.5 among taxi drivers is important for occupational risk prevention, however, it is limited by data availability.MethodsThis study proposed a rapid assessment of dynamic exposure to PM2.5 among drivers based on satellite-derived information, air quality data from monitoring stations, and GPS-based taxi trajectory data. An empirical study was conducted in Wuhan, China, to examine spatial and temporal variability of dynamic exposure and compare whether drivers’ exposure exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) and China air quality guideline thresholds. Kernel density estimation was conducted to further explore the relationship between dynamic exposure and taxi drivers’ activities.ResultsThe taxi drivers’ weekday and weekend 24-h PM2.5 exposure was 83.60 μg/m3 and 55.62 μg/m3 respectively, 3.4 and 2.2 times than the WHO’s recommended level of 25 µg/m3. Specifically, drivers with high PM2.5 exposure had a higher average trip distance and smaller activity areas. Although major transportation interchanges/terminals were the common activity hotspots for both taxi drivers with high and low exposure, activity hotspots of drivers with high exposure were mainly located in busy riverside commercial areas within historic and central districts bounded by the “Inner Ring Road”, while hotspots of drivers with low exposure were new commercial areas in the extended urbanized area bounded by the “Third Ring Road”.ConclusionThese findings emphasized the need for air quality management and community planning to mitigate the potential health risks of taxi drivers.

Assessment and Sustainable Management Strategies for Plastic Waste in Can Tho City, Vietnam: A Circular Economy Approach

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of plastic waste accumulation in both terrestrial and aquatic environments in Can Tho city, Vietnam, a nation with high per capita plastic consumption and significant plastic waste discharge. Focusing on urban residential areas, riverside communities, suburbs, and rural regions, the research investigates the extent and impact of plastic waste in these diverse settings. Additionally, the study examines the accumulation of plastics at barriers, under bridges, and in the Hau River, identifying the predominance of single-use plastics and their environmental implications. The key findings indicate that the plastic waste leakage at land-based-source emission sites is substantial, with waste persisting for extended periods without effective clean-up. The study reveals a significant accumulation of plastics at barriers and bridge bases in aquatic environments, including along the river. The pollution level was observed to be more influenced by the quantity of waste rather than its mass per unit area, emphasizing the need for targeted waste reduction strategies. The study also identifies seven types of plastic, each associated with different sources of accumulation or settlement. This variety presents both challenges and opportunities for waste management and recycling. Significantly, the research underscores the potential of repurposing plastic waste into recycled products, aligning with the circular economy model. This approach not only extends the lifecycle of plastic products but also contributes to reducing plastic waste generation and minimizing the environmental impact. Overall, the findings highlight the urgent need for improved waste management practices in Vietnam, particularly in urban and riverside areas, and advocate for innovative recycling solutions to mitigate the environmental challenges posed by plastic pollution.

Ecological niche modeling analysis (Cx. pipiens), potential risk and projection of Dirofilaria spp. infection in Greece

Vector-borne diseases continue to increase worldwide. Dirofilariosis is one of the most common vector-borne zoonotic diseases, mainly caused by Dirofilaria spp. (D. immitis and D. repens) and spread by culicid mosquitoes of different species. Greece is one of the countries in southern Europe where it is traditionally endemic, and its distribution is not homogeneous. The aim of this study was to develop an environmental model for Greece that reflects the suitability of the ecological niche for Dirofilaria spp. infection risk and its projection until 2080. For this purpose, we used the potential distribution of suitable habitats for Culex pipiens calculated using an ecological niche model (ENM) and the potential number of generations of Dirofilaria spp. The ecological niche model of Cx. pipiens in Greece showed good predictive power (AUC=0.897) with the parasite at a resolution of 1 km2. The variables that contributed most to the model were mean annual temperature, rivers and human footprint. The highest risk of infection was found in coastal areas and in riverside areas of the main river basins, as well as in irrigated areas of the mainland and peninsular regions and in the whole territory of island areas, and the lowest risk was found in areas of higher altitude. A positive relationship was found between the risk of dirofilariosis and the location of infected dogs, with 86.65% located in very high and high risk areas. In 2080, the percentage of territory gained by Cx. pipiens will increase by 261.52%. This model provides a high predictive value, predicted presence, and risk of Dirofilaria spp. infection and can serve as a tool for the management and control of this disease.

Spatial Characteristic and Utilization Pattern of Riverside for Tourism Development in Yogyakarta

The river as a natural attraction has the potential to be developed into a tourist attraction. In its development it requires space to accommodate tourist activities. Both main and supporting activities all require space, so that new spaces development tend to appear to facilitate these activities. Yogyakarta has been undergone an essential transformation in the spatial nature of its riverside due to tourism development. Therefore, this study focuses on the changes that occur in the riverside area due to tourism activities. This research focuses on the spatial characteristic and utilization patterns of riverside along three rivers in Yogyakarta through map analysis and field investigation. The constituent elements are determined, and then spatial characteristics are analysed in term of space used, activities and accessibility. The relationships between these characteristics and utilization pattern are discussed. The riversides developed for tourism activities have been undergone a fundamental change. There are significant relationships between utilization pattern and space used, activities and accessibility. The result presented here can provide a guidance for further development of riverside in Yogyakarta and beyond.

Soil Contamination Assessment at Pasir Gudang Industrial Area

The problem of soil contamination around industrial areas in recent years might be due to arbitrary industrialization, unproper irrigation practices, modern industrialization practices, and the indiscriminate use of fertilizer and pesticides that contribute to environmental degradation. Such anthropogenic activity always results in depletion of soil and water quality, such as deterioration of soil quality and pollution of soil and surface water, which result in a variety of health hazards. Therefore, there is a need to study a comprehensive approach to land quality issues in industrial areas. In this study, contamination indices and soil quality guidelines were used to evaluate the contamination status of soils around the Pasir Gudang industrial area. Soil samples were collected at the selected locations near industrial, riverside, residential, and educational areas. The data generated in the current study will be very useful for safe monitoring of the area by authorities and planners in land resource management.

Utilization of dental services by rural riverside populations covered by a Fluvial Family Health Team in Brazil.

Rural riverside populations of Brazil face several difficulties to access health services. The Brazilian National Primary Care Policy implemented the Fluvial Family Health Teams (FFHT), which is a specific primary care team arrangement for these territories. The aim of the study was to assess the use of dental services by adults living in rural riverside areas covered by a FFHT. A household-based cross-sectional survey was carried out with a rural riverside population of 38 localities on the left bank of the Rio Negro, Manaus, Amazonas, representative of the area covered by the FFHT. Stratified random sampling was calculated based on the number of adults and households in each riverside locality. An electronic questionnaire was used to obtain information on sociodemographic and oral health conditions, and the utilization of dental services. After descriptive analysis, logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the odds ratios for the outcome 'use of dental health services over the past 12 months'. A total of 492 individuals, aged 18 years or more, from 38 rural riverside areas were assessed. The mean age of participants was 43.5 years (standard deviation 17.0), ranging from 18.0 to 90.7 years. Of these participants, 3.1% had never been to a dentist and 21.9% had been to a dentist more than 3 years ago. Among those who attended the dental service, 77.4% of appointments occurred in public health services. Dental pain over the previous 6 months (odds ratio (OR)=2.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.51-3.96), higher education (OR=2.62; 95%CI 1.23-5.56), most recent appointment in public health services (OR=1.86; 95%CI 1.19-2.93), edentulism (OR=0.38; 95%CI 0.17-0.85) and dissatisfaction with oral health (OR=0.59; 95%CI 0.38-0.93) were associated with the dental services utilization. The study results revealed that approximately a quarter of the individuals did not use dental services over the previous 3 years or have never used them. Despite the increase in access provided by the FFHT, edentulous individuals, individuals dissatisfied with their oral health, and those with lower levels of education were less likely to use dental services, while individuals who experienced dental pain sought dental services more frequently. These findings suggest that the healthcare model offered to this population must be rearranged.

Enhancing Soil Stabilization in Soft Soils Through The Addition of Sand to Soil-Cement Piles: a Comprehensive Study

Applying a soil-cement mixture to treat soft soil is an effective solution and is being widely applied in many countries around the world. In Vietnam, this method has also been used in many projects, especially in areas with weak soil such as riverside and coastal areas. The soil-cement mixture is made up of natural soil and cement. When cement is mixed with soil, the cement particles will react with water and minerals in the soil, forming a hard bond. The polymerization of this material is equivalent to the curing time of cement. This article focuses on researching the mixing of soil and cement materials to reinforce weak soil in Ben Tre province. Instead of just using cement for reinforcement, the article suggests adding sand and ECO-CSB or ECO-CSSB additives to the soil-cement mixture. Experimental results show that when sand and additives are added, the hardness and load-bearing capacity of the soft ground increase significantly. This method is especially suitable for treating soft soil contaminated with salinity in Ben Tre province. When adding ECO-CSB additives for non-saline soils and ECO-CSSB for saline soils, the amount of cement needed is reduced by 30% while still ensuring uniaxial compressive strength compared to when using only cement.

Tick-Borne Rickettsiosis and Tsutsugamushi Disease Recorded in 313.

Tsutsugamushi disease was first described in China by Hong Ge in 313. In his book Zhouhou Beiji Fang, three eschar-associated febrile diseases were described: Shashidu, Zhongxidu, and Shegongdu. Shashidu was identified as being identical to tsutsugamushi disease in Japan: it occurred in riverside areas, exhibited an eschar, and was transmitted by tiny red "sand lice". The nature of Zhongxidu remains unknown, but we propose that it is another type of Orientia tsutsugamushi infection: it occurred in mountainous areas, an eschar was observed, and the causative vector was not identified. Moreover, Zhongxidu would have predated Shashidu by five centuries; thus, the first documentation of tsutsugamushi disease would date back 2.2 millennia. O. tsutsugamushi infection without eschar has not been identified in ancient Chinese literature and may be included in Shanghan. Several ancient Chinese books describe that Shegongdu occurs following a Shegong bite. Shegong is described as a bug resembling a cockroach or cicada with a crossbow-like structure, possibly the hypostome and unfolded palps of tick, in its mouth. Thus, Shegong refers to an engorged tick and Shegongdu is a tick-borne rickettsiosis. However, due to a lack of entomological knowledge, these findings have not been recognized for the past 1.7 millennia.

A planning concept for the development of the Silinka riverside area, Komsomolsk-on-Amur

The need for the development of the riverside area in the central part of the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur is considered. Current economic and socio-cultural factors influencing the functionalities and uses of the development are evaluated. A multifactorial spatial analysis was carried out to draw conclusions on the need to change the urban planning approach to the development of the Silinka River floodplain, including the improvement of transport accessibility of the Silinsky Park and revitalization of abandoned and ineffective industrial areas.

Historical urban planning analysis of the Kama and Toima riverside areas (on the example of the city of Elabuga in the 19TH -20TH century)

In cities on large rivers, increasing attention is being given to coastal areas as the basis for their sustainable development. At the same time, most of the development proposals are too radical and require significant financial investments that are not available in small cities. To make the right decisions, a historical urban-planning analysis is required to identify the reasons for the decline of coastal areas, and further arguments are needed in support of decisions for their transformation. This study is an attempt to verify the statement that the sustainable development of coastal areas should take into account the previous evolutionary trends, and their development needs to be monitored regularly in order to make timely adjustments to their functional zoning. Using the example of the old city of Elabuga located on two rivers, Kama and Toima, the main reasons influencing its zoning are highlighted. Depending on momentary interest in a particular function, it may either evolve and flourish or fall in decline, but is never completely driven out. Based on the analysis, a potential path for the development of coastal areas is identified by raising social interest and demand for historical functions through their renovation, additions, and improvement of accessibility.

Ciliwung Ecoriparian Tourism Destination Concept for Increasing Local Community Income

In an effort to restore environmental sustainability and the socio- economic needs of the community, as a natural ecology, the riverbank area is a natural area that must be protected, with the benefit of being a tourist destination, which can attract visitors, to realize the preservation of the natural environment, and increase the per capita income of the community Around the riverside area (ecoriparia ), it is necessary to plan appropriate natural tourism destinations. To make this plan, of course, requires high intellectuals but still maintains the relationship between humans and their gods, so that the development and development of the area is carried out without reducing the meaning of environmental interests, where the interests of nature conservation become commercial areas. For this reason, an in-depth analysis is needed to make the "Tourism Ecoriparian Concept- Ciliwung ", which can be used as a mainstay natural tourist destination to improve the economy of the people in the Ciliwung Ecoriparian area. in order to maintain local wisdom on the one hand, improve the economy on the other.

The effects of heavy rain on the fate of urban and agricultural pollutants in the riverside area around weirs using multi-isotope, microbial data and numerical simulation

The increase in extreme heavy rain due to climate change is a critical factor in the fate of urban and agricultural pollutants in aquatic system. Nutrients, including NO3− and PO43−, are transported with surface and seepage waters into rivers, lakes and aquifers and can eventually lead to algal blooms. δ15N-NO3−, δ18O-NO3−, and δ11B combined with hydrogeochemical and microbial data for groundwater and surface water samples were interpreted to evaluate the fate of nutrients in a riverside area around weirs in Daegu, South Korea. Most of the ions showed similar concentrations in the groundwater samples before and after heavy rain while concentrations of major ions in surface water samples were diluted after heavy rain. However, Si, PO43−, Zn, Ce, La, Pb, Cu and a number of waterborne pathogens increased in surface water after heavy rain. The interpretation of δ11B, δ15N-NO3−, and δ18O-NO3− values using a Bayesian mixing model revealed that sewage and synthetic fertilizers were the main sources of contaminants in the groundwater and surface water samples. δ18O and SiO2 interpreted using the Bayesian mixing model indicated that the groundwater component in the surface water increased from 4.4 % to 17.9 % during the wet season. This is consistent with numerical simulation results indicating that the direct surface runoff and the groundwater baseflow contributions to the river system had also increased 6.4 times during the wet season. The increase in proteobacteria and decrease of actinobacteria in the surface water samples after heavy rain were also consistent with an increase of surface runoff and an increased groundwater component in the surface water. This study suggests that source apportionment based on chemical and multi-isotope data combined with numerical modeling approaches can be useful for identifying main hydrological and geochemical processes in riverside areas around weirs and can inform suggestions of effective methods for water quality management.

Strengths and Interests Between Actors in Collaborative Governance: Review of the Riverside Settlement Revitalization Policy in Banjarmasin City

This study aims to analyze and identify the strengths and interests of state actors and non-state actors in the revitalization of residents’ houses in the riverside area of Banjarmasin City from the perspective of Collaborative Governance. This study used a qualitative approach by collecting data through observation, in-depth analysis, and document analysis. The findings of this study explain that collaborative governance is an alternative to public policy as an interactive process involving state and non-state actors autonomously who use shared rules and norms carried out collectively to solve societal problems. Collaboration involving actors in power with interests in decision-making might fail during its implementation. This research contributes to the scientific literature on interactions between actors and collaborative governance because the problems faced by the public are fought for, and collaborative governance implementation cannot be separated from the presence of actors involved in advocating for issues of public concern.

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERKAIT PENERAPAN KONSEP DESAIN EKOLOGI TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN PADA TEPIAN SUNGAI AYUNG

The concept of sustainable development has basically become the concern of all parties, especially in tourist destination areas. The Ayung riverside area is one of the tourist destinations for local and foreign residents. The rapid development of the Ayung riverside environment has a great impact on the environment around the village. The environment around the village sometimes becomes a place of uncontrolled development that causes environmental damage characterized by decreased air, water and soil quality, resulting in the extinction of animals, plants, wildlife and damage to ecosystems. In this context, it is necessary to apply ecological architecture to the construction of urban support works, including riverside areas. This study aims to determine public perceptions related to the application of ecological design concepts to sustainable development in the Ayung riverside area. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach, analyzing according to the principles of ecological design. The application of ecological architecture on the banks of the Ayung river is expected to ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem and minimize negative impacts on the environment due to improper ecological design. The results of this study show that ecological principles can be applied in the Ayung riverside area, including the arrangement of several buildings to create dynamic green spaces while still based on local wisdom

FEATURES OF URBAN REVITALIZATION RIVER TERRITORIES

The article analyzes the problems of urban development and revitalization of riverside areas. It is proposed to expand the conceptual and terminological base of water legislation with the additional use of concepts from other fields of knowledge: water urbanism; water territories (land of the water fund); hydropower; coastal areas; "contact zone" of riparian coastal water territories; riverside recreation system; riverside tourism system. Complex revitalization of river valleys with a high level of urbanization involves an ecosystem approach, among which modern urban planning solutions of spatial development are leading. This becomes especially relevant against the background of climatic changes, which are gaining catastrophic dynamics in urbanized areas. This problem is highlighted in a number of international documents dedicated to the management of riverine territories and climate change problems: the Stockholm Declaration on the Environment (1972), the World Charter for Nature (1982), the Aalborg Charter "European Cities on the Road to Sustainable Development" (1994), 40th IFLA Congress on "Development of Aquatic and Coastal Ecosystems" in Calgary (2003); the 41st Congress in Taiwan (2004), as well as the "Landscape in a Changing World" program (2010), the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFCCC Paris (2015), "Habitat III Declarations" (2017 ), the sustainable development program "Rhine 2020", the UN Report "On the global development of water resources: Water and climate change" (2020).

Prevalence of concomitant hypertension and diabetes among adults and elderly living in rural riverside areas in the Amazon.

Considering the scarcity of information on the assessment of chronic diseases in traditional Amazonian populations, as well as public health policies focused on their specificities, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of at least one of the chronic diseases (systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) or diabetes mellitus (DM)) and their concomitant occurrence in a rural riverside population of the Amazon, and determine the associated factors. A household-based cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of adults and elderly people living in rural riverside locations along the left bank of the Negro River, in the municipality of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The outcomes evaluated were the presence of at least one of the evaluated chronic diseases and the concomitant occurrence, based on the self-reported medical diagnosis of SAH and DM. Analysis of associated factors (sociodemographic, behavioral, and access to health services variables) was performed by Poisson regression with robust variance. The sample consisted of 495 individuals (young adults (n=257; 51.9%), middle-aged (n=132; 26.7%), and elderly (n=106; 21.4%)), of whom 51.5% were women (n=255), mean age 43.3&plusmn;17.1 years. The monthly household income was on average R$1100&plusmn;902 (A$345&plusmn;283). The diagnosis of any chronic disease was reported by 18.8% of the sample, with a preponderance of SAH (17.4%). The occurrence of at least one of the chronic diseases was associated with higher average age and worse health self-assessment. Regarding concomitant occurrence of SAH and DM, prevalent in 4.4% of the sample, the same associations were observed. The data for the occurrence of chronic diseases in the studied Amazon rural riverside populations are worrying, because these people live in areas of socioeconomic vulnerability, with a lack of basic sanitation infrastructure, difficult geographic access, and limited access to health care. Health policies fail to recognize the specificities of these populations, which implies deficiencies in the provision of necessary regular care. The findings also reinforce the need to strengthen health promotion and chronic disease prevention strategies in the context of primary care.

Potential risk of stunting in children under five years living by the riverside: A systematic review

Introduction: Stunting, or linear growth failure, is defined by a height-for-age z-score of below -2SD according to WHO growth standard. Stunting can have short-, medium-, and long-term consequences. Rivers have an important role in human life. In several riverside areas, households still depend on the river for their livelihoods and health. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of stunting in children living by the riverside and its related factors. Methods: Epidemiological studies published from PUBMED, MEDLINE via EBSCOHost, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Research Gate databases were systematically searched. The publication period was not restricted. Only open-access and English articles were examined. Results: A total of 20 from 1200 studies were reviewed. The prevalence of stunting ranged from 20% to 48.3%. The other outcomes besides stunting were wasting and underweight status. There were 83 risk factors studied, and the most studied variables were age, gender, diarrhoea, water source, parent’s education, immunisation, and inappropriate complementary feeding practices (6 to 13 studies). Household water sources from rivers and economic status were consistently correlated with stunting. Majority of the risk factors studied were related to nutrition. From the environmental aspect, the most studied risk factors were water sources and sanitation. Conclusion: Children living by the riverside face a significant risk of stunting attributed to the consistent correlation between household water sources from rivers and economic status, affecting various aspects of daily life beyond drinking water. Future research is needed to examine the impact of environmental factors and the behaviours of riverside communities.