Risk Of Osteoporosis Research Articles

Bone mineral density and osteoporosis related risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus negatively affects bone tissue and unfavourably impacts bone mineral density (BMD), therfore increasing the probability of fractures through pathological mechanisms. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with BMD and osteoporosis risk in individuals with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). An investigation was undertaken involving 49 patients diagnosed with T2DM who fulfilled the specified criteria. These individuals underwent BMD assessment as part of a cross-sectional study. The analysis encompassed both univariate and bivariate approaches, utilizing the Chi-square test (X2) and binary logistic regression methods. A total of 30 participants (61%) have decreased BMD. Among the participants aged 60 years and above, 83.4% exhibited a decreased BMD status (osteopenia and osteoporosis), in contrast to the under 60 years age group, in which 40% displayed decreased BMD status. Older age (>60 years) is a risk factor for decreasing bone density onset of diabetes mellitus (DM) diagnosis, duration of DM, glycemic control, body mass index (BMI), use of thiazolidinediones (TZD) drugs, kidney function, were not associated with lower BMD in T2DM patients.

Menopausal wellbeing: navigating quality of life and osteoporosis risk

BackgroundMultifaceted dimensions influence the quality of life among post-menopausal women. Osteoporosis, a condition characterized by fragile bones, poses a significant risk, potentially leading to fractures and decreased wellbeing. This study aims to assess the quality of life of postmenopausal women, its determinants, and also the risk of osteoporosis among them.MethodsA cross-sectional study was done among 379 post-menopausal women residing in rural and urban areas of Ernakulam district, Kerala, India. They were selected by probability proportional to size sampling from 10 clusters. Quality of life was measured using MENQOL-I questionnaire and osteoporosis risk assessment was done using OSTA score.ResultsThe study participants had a mean age of 60 years, (standard deviation of 6.83 years). On average, menopause occurred at 50.58 years (standard deviation of 4.28 years). The most common symptoms impacting quality of life among postmenopausal women were psychosocial symptoms, followed by physical and vasomotor symptoms. Furthermore, a high proportion (63.6%) of participants were at risk for osteoporosis. History of fracture, concern of falling, marital status and having an insurance, are factors associated with various domains of quality of life.ConclusionThis study underscores the complex interplay of demographic factors, menopausal experiences, and their impact on the participants' quality of life. The prevalence of psychosocial symptoms and the significant risk of osteoporosis call for tailored healthcare interventions. Postmenopausal women with history of fracture, high concern of fall and single women require special attention. Encouraging women to take up selfcare practices will help during the menopausal transition to have a good quality of life.

Association between surrogate marker of insulin resistance and bone mineral density in US adults without diabetes.

Patients with osteoporosis are often diagnosed with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes. Insulin resistance is a prediabetic state, and triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) has been recognized as a potential predictor of it, valuable in assessing prediabetes, atherosclerosis, and other diseases. However, the validity of TyG-BMI in osteoporosis studies remains inadequate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between TyG-BMI and BMD as well as the effect of TyG-BMI on the odds of developing osteoporosis in US adults without diabetes. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data were obtained. The relationship between TyG-BMI and BMD was evaluated via multivariate linear regression models. Smoothed curve fitting and threshold effect analysis explored potential non-linear relationships, and age, gender, and race subgroup analyses were performed. In addition, multivariate logistic regression models were employed to analyze its potential role in the development of osteoporosis. In a study of 6501 participants, we observed a significant positive correlation between the TyG-BMI index and BMD, even after adjusting for covariates and categorizing TyG-BMI. The study identified specific TyG-BMI folding points-112.476 for the total femur BMD, 100.66 for the femoral neck BMD, 107.291 for the intertrochanter BMD, and 116.58 for the trochanter BMD-indicating shifts in the relationship's strength at these thresholds. While the association's strength slightly decreased after the folding points, it remained significant. Subgroup analyses further confirmed the positive TyG-BMI and BMD correlation. Multivariate linear regression analyses indicated a lower osteoporosis risk in participants with higher TyG-BMI levels, particularly in menopausal women over 40 and men over 60. This study suggests a positive correlation between BMD and TyG-BMI in US adults without diabetes. Individuals with higher levels of TyG-BMI may have a lower risk of osteoporosis.

The Causal Relationship between PCSK9 Inhibitors and Osteoporosis Based on Drug-Targeted Mendelian Combined Mediation Analysis.

PCSK9 inhibitors have been shown to lowerserum low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) levels and are considered integral in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the potential association between PCSK9 inhibitors andosteoporosis is unclear now. In this study,drug-targeted mendelian randomization (MR) was utilized in conjunction with mediation analysis including bone mineral density (BMD), total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (T25(OH)D) levels and calcium supplementation to investigate the causal relationship between PCSK9 inhibitors and osteoporosis. The LDL-C level was chosen as the exposure variable in a sample size of 173,082 individuals. We conducted a MR analysis on the relationship between PCSK9 inhibitors and osteoporosis, elucidating the mediators involved.Utilizing the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, we found the risk of osteoporosis was reduced by 0.6% in those who used PCSK9 inhibitors compared with non-users (OR: 0.994, 95%CI: 0.991-0.998, P < 0.001). In people aged 30-45years, the risk of low BMD was 1.176 times higher among PCSK9 inhibitor users compared to non-users (OR: 1.176, 95%CI: 1.017-1.336, P = 0.045). Conversely, people aged 45-60years who used PCSK9 inhibitors had a 14.9% lower risk of low BMD compared to non-users (OR: 0.851, 95%CI: 0.732-0.968, P = 0.007). Mediation analysis revealed that 43.33% of the impact of PCSK9 inhibitors on osteoporosis was mediated through BMD levels, with the remaining 56.67% being a direct effect. Effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on BMD levels varied in different ages. In addition, the risk of high serum T25(OH)D levels were 1.091 times among PCSK9 inhibitor users compared to non-users (OR: 1.091, 95%CI: 1.065-1.112, P < 0.001), providing valuable insights for clinicians.

#1763 Risk factors and clinical prediction models for osteoporosis in predialysis chronic kidney disease patients

Abstract Background and Aims The research concerning osteoporosis among individuals with predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been relatively neglected in existing literature. Furthermore, the risk factors for osteoporosis in this demographic have not been adequately investigated. The objective of this study was to explore the risk factors associated with osteoporosis in predialysis CKD patients and to construct a predictive model capable of estimating the likelihood of osteoporosis in these individuals. Method A retrospective study was conducted on 326 predialysis CKD patients. Relevant clinical examination results and measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were collected. Binary logistic regression was utilized to explore the risk factors associated with osteoporosis and to develop predictive models. Results In male predialysis CKD patients, age represents a risk factor, while 25-(OH)-Vitamin D acts as a protective factor against osteoporosis. Among female patients, age, underweight status, NBAP, and advanced CKD (G5) are significant risk factors for osteoporosis, whereas PTH serves as a protective factor. In pre-dialysis CKD patients in stages CKD1-4, age, underweight status, and NBAP are identified as risk factors for osteoporosis. For G5 predialysis patients, advanced age and NBAP pose a high risk of osteoporosis, while 25-(OH)-Vitamin D and PTH exhibit protective effects. Additionally, nomogram models illustrating the risk of osteoporosis in pre-dialysis patients of different genders and renal function stages were created. Conclusion Age, underweight, severity of renal dysfunction, NBAP, PTH, and 25-(OH)-vitamin D are strongly associated with osteoporosis in predialysis CKD patients.

Association of combined healthy lifestyle factors with incident osteoporosis in patients with and without type 2 diabetes.

The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), lifestyle factors, and the risk of osteoporosis (OP) is well-established. However, the impact of a healthy lifestyle on diabetes-related osteoporosis needs further investigation. Our objective was to explore if a combination of healthy lifestyle factors could mitigate the risk of OP in individuals with type 2 diabetes. This longitudinal analysis included 237,725 middle-aged and older participants. An overall lifestyle score, ranging from 0 to 7, was calculated by assigning a point for each of the seven healthy lifestyle factors, including no current smoking, non-excessive alcohol consumption, regular physical activity, healthy diet, adequate sleep duration, less sedentary behavior, and adequate sunshine exposure. During a median follow-up 12.21 years, 5760 OP cases were documented. Participants with T2DM showed a higher risk of OP than those without diabetes. Compared with participants without diabetes who had a lifestyle score of 6-7, the hazard ratios (HRs) for OP were 1.58 (95% CI 1.23-2.03), 1.62 (95% CI 1.16-2.25), and 2.58 (95% CI 1.64-4.05) for participants with T2DM who had a lifestyle score of 4, 3, and 0-2, respectively. There was a graded association between higher lifestyle scores and lower risks of incident OP among participants without diabetes as well as among those with T2DM. We estimated that the population attributable fraction for not adhering to 6-7 lifestyle behaviors was 15.7%. Participants with T2DM who adhered to a variety of healthy lifestyle factors demonstrated a substantially reduced risk of developing OP.

Genus_Ruminococcus and order_Burkholderiales affect osteoporosis by regulating the microbiota-gut-bone axis

BackgroundThis study aimed to clarify the relationship between the gut microbiota and osteoporosis combining Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with animal experiments.MethodsWe conducted an analysis on the relationship between differential bacteria and osteoporosis using open-access genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on gut microbe and osteoporosis obtained from public databases. The analysis was performed using two-sample MR analysis, and the causal relationship was examined through inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode methods. Bilateral oophorectomy was employed to replicate the mouse osteoporosis model, which was assessed by micro computed tomography (CT), pathological tests, and bone transformation indexes. Additionally, 16S rDNA sequencing was conducted on fecal samples, while SIgA and indexes of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α inflammatory factors were examined in colon samples. Through immunofluorescence and histopathology, expression levels of tight junction proteins, such as claudin-1, ZO-1, and occludin, were assessed, and conduct correlation analysis on differential bacteria and related environmental factors were performed.ResultsA positive correlation was observed between g_Ruminococcus1 and the risk of osteoporosis, while O_Burkholderiales showed a negative correlation with the risk of osteoporosis. Furthermore, there was no evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy. The successful replication of the mouse osteoporosis model was assessed, and it was found that the abundance of the O_Burkholderiales was significantly reduced, while the abundance of g_Ruminococcus was significantly increased in the ovariectomized (OVX)-mice. The intestinal SIgA level of OVX mice decreased, the expression level of inflammatory factors increased, barrier damage occurred, and the content of LPS in the colon and serum significantly increased. The abundance level of O_Burkholderiales is strongly positively correlated with bone formation factors, gut barrier indicators, bone density, bone volume fraction, and trabecular bone quantity, whereas it was strongly negatively correlated with bone resorption factors and intestinal inflammatory factors, The abundance level of g_Ruminococcus shows a strong negative correlation with bone formation factors, gut barrier indicators, and bone volume fraction, and a strong positive correlation with bone resorption factors and intestinal inflammatory factors.ConclusionO_Burkholderiales and g_Ruminococcus may regulate the development of osteoporosis through the microbiota-gut-bone axis.

Outdoor walking, genetic predisposition, and the risk of incident osteoporosis among older adults: A prospective large population-based cohort study.

The available cross-sectional data and small-scale studies indicate that outdoor walking benefits bone metabolism. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of comprehensive prospective research investigating the enduring correlation between outdoor walking and osteoporosis. This study aims to conduct a prospective analysis of the correlation between outdoor walking and osteoporosis while also examining potential variations influenced by genetic susceptibility to osteoporosis. 24,700 older adults without osteoporosis at baseline were enrolled. These individuals were followed up until December 31, 2021, during which data on outdoor walking was gathered. The genetic risk score for osteoporosis was comprised of 14 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. 4,586 cases of osteoporosis were identified throughout a median follow-up period of 37.3months. Those who walked outside for > 30 but ≤ 60min per day had a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.83 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72-0.95) for incident osteoporosis, whereas those who walked outside for > 60min per day had an HR of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.39-0.92). We found that osteoporosis risk exhibited a declining trend in individuals with low genetic risk. Individuals walking outside for > 60min per day tended to have the lowest overall osteoporosis risk among those with high genetic risk. A significant negative correlation exists between an extended period of daily outdoor walking and osteoporosis incidence risk. This correlation is particularly pronounced among individuals with low genetic risk. The results above underscore the significance of outdoor walking as a simple and economical adjunct to public health programs to prevent osteoporosis.

Sex-specific association of serum dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate levels with osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes.

This study is to investigate the relation between serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate (DHEAS) levels and the risk of osteoporosis in patients with T2DM. This cross-sectional study involved 938 hospitalized patients with T2DM. Linear regression models were used to explore the relationship between DHEA and DHEAS and the BMD at different skeletal sites. Multinominal logistic regression models and the restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to evaluate the associations of DHEA and DHEAS with the risks of osteopenia and/or osteoporosis. In postmenopausal women with T2DM, after adjustment for confounders including testosterone and estradiol, DHEA showed a significant positive correlation with lumbar spine BMD (P = 0.013). Moreover, DHEAS exhibited significant positive correlations with BMD at three skeletal sites: including femoral neck, total hip, and lumbar spine (all P < 0.05). Low DHEA and DHEAS levels were associated with increased risk of osteopenia and/or osteoporosis (all P < 0.05) and the risk of osteoporosis gradually decreased with increasing DHEAS levels (P overall = 0.018, P-nonlinear = 0.559). However, DHEA and DHEAS levels in men over the age of 50 with T2DM were not associated with any of above outcomes. In patients with T2DM, independent of testosterone and estradiol, higher DHEA and DHEAS levels are associated with higher BMD and lower risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis in postmenopausal women but not men over the age of 50.

Osteoporosis Risk Factors in a Sample of Patients Attending Baghdad Teaching Hospital

Osteoporosis Risk Factors in a Sample of Patients Attending Baghdad Teaching Hospital

Association of systemic inflammatory response index with bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and future fracture risk in elderly hypertensive patients

ABSTRACT Objectives This study sought to investigate the relationship between the systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) and bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, and future fracture risk in elderly hypertensive patients. Methods Elderly hypertensive patients (age ≥60 years) who attended our hospital between January 2021 and December 2023 and completed BMD screening were included in the study. Analyses were performed with multivariate logistic and linear regression. Results The multiple linear regression indicated that SIRI levels were significantly negatively correlated with lumbar 1 BMD (β = -0.15, 95% CI: −0.24, −0.05), lumbar 2 BMD (β = -0.15, 95% CI: −0.24, −0.05), lumbar 3 BMD (β = -1.35, 95% CI: −0.23, −0.02), lumbar 4 BMD (β = -0.11, 95% CI: −0.30, −0.10), femur neck BMD (β = -0.11, 95% CI: −0.18, −0.05) and Ward’s triangle BMD (β = -0.12, 95% CI: −0.20, −0.05) among elderly hypertensive patients, after fully adjusting for confounders. Furthermore, we observed that SIRI was positively associated with future fracture risk in elderly hypertensive patients. Specifically, SIRI was associated with an increased risk of major osteoporotic fractures (β = 0.33) and hip fractures (β = 0.25). The logistic regression analysis indicated that there is an association between the SIRI level and an increased risk of osteoporosis (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.37, 1.87), after fully adjusting for confounders. Conclusions Our findings indicate a potential association between SIRI and BMD, osteoporosis, and the risk of future fractures in elderly hypertensive patients. However, further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

Impact of osteoporotic risk in men undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a report from the LAPLACE-TAVI registry.

Low body weight and advanced age are among the best predictors of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool (OST) values are calculated by a simple formula [(body weight in kilograms - age in years) × 0.2] to identify patients at increased risk of osteoporosis. In our recent single-center study, we demonstrated an association between OST and poor outcomes in postmenopausal women after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We aimed to investigate the impact of osteoporotic risk in men with aortic stenosis who underwent TAVR in a large cohort. In this multi-center study, 1,339 men who underwent TAVR between April 2010 and July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Women were excluded from the present study. All patients were deemed appropriate for TAVR after a review by a multidisciplinary team. Baseline characteristics of patients were compared by dividing patients into three tertiles, based on the OST value: ≤ -6.16, -6.16 to -4.14, and -4.14 < for tertiles 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Primary endpoint was all-cause mortality after TAVR. Tertile 1 (patients with the lowest OST values) included older patients with smaller body mass index, lower hemoglobin and albumin levels. In addition, they had greater clinical frailty scale, slower 5-meter walk test, weaker hand grip strength, and more cognitive impairment, indicating increased frailty. They were more severely symptomatic, with lower ejection fractions, smaller aortic valve areas, and more tricuspid regurgitation than were patients in the other two groups. Multivariate analysis revealed that OST tertiles 3 was associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.90), compared with OST tertile 1 as a reference. For OST tertiles 1, 2, and 3, the estimated 1-year survival rates of all-cause mortality post-TAVR were 83.6% ± 1.9%, 91.1% ± 1.4%, and 93.1% ± 1.3%, respectively, (log-rank, p <0.001). In conclusions, in men as same as women, osteoporotic risk assessed by OST values was overlapped with increased frailty. The simple OST formula was useful for predicting all-cause mortality in patients undergoing TAVR in large registry datasets.

Genetic predisposition to bone mineral density and their health conditions in East Asians.

Osteoporosis, a condition defined by low bone mineral density (BMD) (typically < -2.5 SD), cause a higher fracture risk and lead to significant economic, social, and clinical impacts. Genome-wide studies mainly in Caucasians have found many genetic links to osteoporosis, fractures, and BMD, with limited research in East Asians. We investigated the genetic aspects of BMD in 86,716 individuals from the Taiwan Biobank and their causal links to health conditions within East Asians. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted, followed by observational studies, polygenic risk score assessments, and genetic correlation analyses to identify associated health conditions linked to BMD. GWAS and gene-based GWAS studies identified 78 significant SNPs and 75 genes related to BMD, highlighting pathways like Hedgehog, WNT-mediated, and TGF-β. Our cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score regression analyses for BMD and osteoporosis consistently validated their genetic correlations with body mass index (BMI) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in East Asians. Higher BMD was linked to lower osteoporosis risk but increased BMI and T2D, whereas osteoporosis linked to lower BMI, waist circumference, HbA1c, and reduced T2D risk. Bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses revealed that a higher BMI causally increases BMD in East Asians. However, no direct causal relationships were found between BMD and T2D, or between osteoporosis and either BMI or T2D. This study identified key genetic factors for bone health in Taiwan, and revealed significant health conditions in East Asians, particularly highlighting the genetic interplay between bone health and metabolic traits like T2D and BMI.

The association between myasthenia gravis and risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), because of their muscle weakness and exposure to corticosteroids treatment, are generally considered to be at increased risk for osteoporosis or fracture. However, clinical evidence of this issue is lacking. In this review, we systematically searched databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Airiti library from inception to the end of November 2023 for cohort studies that compared participants with MG and participants without MG for incidence of osteoporosis or fracture. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality assessment. In total, we included 3 studies with 34,865 participants. The pooled meta-analysis using the random effect model demonstrated no significant difference in risk of fracture in the MG group (odds ratio = 1.52; 95% confidence interval = 0.74 to 3.12; I2 = 93%; between-study variance [τ2] = 0.32) compared with that for the non-MG group. Due to limited studies, we could not perform a quantitative analysis for risk of osteoporosis. In conclusion, we found no robust evidence to support the proposition that patients with MG are at higher risk for fracture than general comparators. The explanations and underlying mechanisms of this finding remain unclear, we therefore conclude that additional studies are warranted.

Correlation between plasma aldosterone concentration and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients: potential impact on osteoporosis and future fracture risk.

Previous studies have suggested that aldosterone may play a major role in calcium-phosphorus homeostasis and bone metabolism. However, the relationship between plasma aldosterone concentrations (PAC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients remains unclear. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the relationship between PAC levels and BMD and explore PAC's potential impact on osteoporosis and future fracture risk in hypertensive patients. Our study included a total of 1430 participants. Associations are tested using multiple linear and logistic regression models. Nonlinearity was investigated using the restricted cubic spline (RCS). We also performed mediating analyses to assess mediating factors mediating the relationship between PAC and osteoporosis. The multiple linear regression showed a negative correlation between PAC and BMD and was generally positively associated with FRAX scores. Meanwhile, logistic regression analyses indicated that osteoporosis was highly correlated with PAC levels. In addition, a clear non-linear dose-response relationship was also shown in the constructed RCS model. Finally, mediation analyses showed that serum potassium played an important role in the development of osteoporosis. This study demonstrates that elevated PAC levels are strongly associated with decreased BMD, increased prevalence of osteoporosis, and the risk of future fractures in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients. Further studies are needed to confirm this relationship and reveal its underlying mechanisms.

Genetic Prediction of Osteoporosis by Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and Reproductive Factors in Women: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Previous observational studies have suggested that anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and reproductive factors are linked to reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and an increased risk of osteoporosis (OP) in women. However, related studies are limited, and these traditional observational studies may be subject to residual confounders and reverse causation, while also lacking a more comprehensive observation of various reproductive factors. Univariate and multivariate two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to determine the causal associations of AMH levels and six reproductive factors with BMD and OP, using the random-effects inverse-variance weighted method. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q-statistic, and sensitivity analyses were performed to identify causal correlations. Age at menarche (AAM) was negatively associated with total body BMD (TB-BMD) in females aged 45-60 and over 60years, as well as with heel bone mineral density (eBMD). Conversely, age at natural menopause (ANM) was positively associated with TB-BMD in the same age ranges and with eBMD. ANM was only causally associated with self-reported OP and showed no significant correlation with definitively diagnosed OP. Neither AMH level nor other reproductive factors were significantly associated with a genetic predisposition to BMD at any age and OP. Later AAM and earlier ANM are significantly genetically causally associated with decreased BMD but not with OP. AMH levels, length of menstrual cycle, age at first birth, age at last birth, and number of live births, in terms of genetic backgrounds, are not causally related to BMD or OP.

The effects of Tai Chi Rouli ball exercise on bone mineral content and bone metabolism indicators in perimenopausal women

Background Perimenopause is associated with a decline in estrogen levels, leading to decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and altered bone metabolism, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Tai Chi Rouli Ball, a traditional Chinese sport, is thought to have beneficial effects on physical health, but its impact on bone health in perimenopausal women is not well understood.Methods This study involved a randomized controlled trial with 52 perimenopausal women aged 45–55 years from community senior centers. Participants were divided into two groups: the Tai Chi Rouli Ball group and the control group. Baseline assessments of bone density, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone metabolism markers, including estrogen levels, were conducted. The Tai Chi Rouli Ball group underwent regular training for a specific period, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Post-experiment assessments were then compared to the baseline.Results Post-intervention, the Tai Chi Rouli Ball group showed a significant increase in spine bone density and BMC in various body parts, including the whole body, trunk/torso, and spine, compared to the control group. Bone metabolism indicators also improved, with increased levels of estrogen and a decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Calcium levels showed a significant increase, while other markers like alkaline phosphatase (ALP), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) had non-significant changes.Conclusions Tai Chi Rouli Ball exercise may positively influence bone health by improving bone density, BMC, and altering bone metabolism markers in perimenopausal women. These findings suggest that Tai Chi Rouli Ball could be a viable non-pharmacological approach to prevent osteoporosis in this demographic.

Excess glucose alone depress young mesenchymal stromal/stem cell osteogenesis and mitochondria activity within hours/days via NAD+/SIRT1 axis

BackgroundThe impact of global overconsumption of simple sugars on bone health, which peaks in adolescence/early adulthood and correlates with osteoporosis (OP) and fracture risk decades, is unclear. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are the progenitors of osteoblasts/bone-forming cells, and known to decrease their osteogenic differentiation capacity with age. Alarmingly, while there is correlative evidence that adolescents consuming greatest amounts of simple sugars have the lowest bone mass, there is no mechanistic understanding on the causality of this correlation.MethodsBioinformatics analyses for energetics pathways involved during MSC differentiation using human cell information was performed. In vitro dissection of normal versus high glucose (HG) conditions on osteo-/adipo-lineage commitment and mitochondrial function was assessed using multi-sources of non-senescent human and murine MSCs; for in vivo validation, young mice was fed normal or HG-added water with subsequent analyses of bone marrow CD45− MSCs.ResultsBioinformatics analyses revealed mitochondrial and glucose-related metabolic pathways as integral to MSC osteo-/adipo-lineage commitment. Functionally, in vitro HG alone without differentiation induction decreased both MSC mitochondrial activity and osteogenesis while enhancing adipogenesis by 8 h’ time due to depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a vital mitochondrial co-enzyme and co-factor to Sirtuin (SIRT) 1, a longevity gene also involved in osteogenesis. In vivo, HG intake in young mice depleted MSC NAD+, with oral NAD+ precursor supplementation rapidly reversing both mitochondrial decline and osteo-/adipo-commitment in a SIRT1-dependent fashion within 1 ~ 5 days.ConclusionsWe found a surprisingly rapid impact of excessive glucose, a single dietary factor, on MSC SIRT1 function and osteogenesis in youthful settings, and the crucial role of NAD+—a single molecule—on both MSC mitochondrial function and lineage commitment. These findings have strong implications on future global OP and disability risks in light of current worldwide overconsumption of simple sugars.

CASE STUDY: IMPROVE BONE QUALITY AND SKELETAL MUSCLE MASS WITH A PROPER DIET AND EXERCISE FOR A PERSON AGED &gt;60 YEARS OLD

Objective: To evaluate the effects of proper dietary and exercise practice on bone mineral quality, skelet muscle and fatty mass in a person aged &gt; 60y. Subject &amp; Methods: A 60 ys- old male subject, risk of osteoporosis received the daily diet 2000Kcal, Ca 1300mg, protein 1.7mg/kg.bw, vitamin D 665IU. Endurance exercise 3 times/week x 60 minutes/ session with moderate &amp; high intensity levels; 45 minutes daily morning with moderate and light intensity, and 8 hours working at office. Heel- bone mineral density (BMD) measured by Quantitative Ultra-Sonic (QUS) instrument, skelets muscle and fat mass by Inbody 370S intrument every 6 months. The study period lasted 60 months (T60). Results: The T-score of heel bone increase from -2.4 (high risk osteoporosis) at the beginning (T0) to level of pick bone mass at T36, then maintained until T60 of intervention. The BUA (Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation), reflects the quality of the bone s’ trabecular, were also improved from 39.5dB/MHz to 108.1dB/MHz (+173.7%) from T0 to T60 respectively. The body weight, skelet-muscle &amp; fat mass were maintained quite stable during 60 months of the study. Conclusion: A proper diet and exercise restored bone quality to pick bone mass levels, maintain skeletal muscle and body fat mass in the elderly.

Age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index is associated with the risk of osteoporosis in older fall-prone men: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundThere is growing evidence linking the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (aCCI), an assessment tool for multimorbidity, to fragility fracture and fracture-related postoperative complications. However, the role of multimorbidity in osteoporosis has not yet been thoroughly evaluated. We aimed to investigate the association between aCCI and the risk of osteoporosis in older adults at moderate to high risk of falling.MethodsA total of 947 men were included from January 2015 to August 2022 in a hospital in Beijing, China. The aCCI was calculated by counting age and each comorbidity according to their weighted scores, and the participants were stratified into two groups by aCCI: low (aCCI < 5), and high (aCCI ≥5). The Kaplan Meier method was used to assess the cumulative incidence of osteoporosis by different levels of aCCI. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the association of aCCI with the risk of osteoporosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was adapted to assess the performance for aCCI in osteoporosis screening.ResultsAt baseline, the mean age of all patients was 75.7 years, the mean BMI was 24.8 kg/m2, and 531 (56.1%) patients had high aCCI while 416 (43.9%) were having low aCCI. During a median follow-up of 6.6 years, 296 participants developed osteoporosis. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that participants with high aCCI had significantly higher cumulative incidence of osteoporosis compared with those had low aCCI (log-rank test: P < 0.001). When aCCI was examined as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted model showed that the osteoporosis risk increased by 12.1% (HR = 1.121, 95% CI 1.041–1.206, P = 0.002) as aCCI increased by one unit. When aCCI was changed to a categorical variable, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios associated with different levels of aCCI [low (reference group) and high] were 1.00 and 1.557 (95% CI 1.223–1.983) for osteoporosis (P < 0.001), respectively. The aCCI (cutoff ≥5) revealed an area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.566 (95%CI 0.527–0.605, P = 0.001) in identifying osteoporosis in older fall-prone men, with sensitivity of 64.9% and specificity of 47.9%.ConclusionsThe current study indicated an association of higher aCCI with an increased risk of osteoporosis among older fall-prone men, supporting the possibility of aCCI as a marker of long-term skeletal-related adverse clinical outcomes.