Risk Of Chronic Energy Deficiency Research Articles

Interactive Support in The Tambak Wedi Village Area of Surabaya City to Avoid Stunting

ABSTRACT Stunting remains a serious challenge for Indonesian society. The 2018 basic health research reported that the prevalence of stunting among toddlers reached 30.8%. The impact of stunting is not only on physical growth but also on cognitive development and the risk of diseases in adulthood. Community service plays a crucial role in supporting government efforts to address stunting through nutrition education, infant and child feeding practices, sanitation, hygiene, and family economic empowerment. Based on this, the involvement of higher education institutions is necessary to improve public health through an approach of interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education designed in community service activities that focus on empowering communities through integrative assistance. This community service is carried out in 2024, located in Tambak Wedi Village, Surabaya. The activities conducted include training and assistance in the production of processed foods based on moringa leaves and fish, health education on healthy living behaviors, guidance on parenting and breastfeeding/MPASI, training for early detection of high-risk pregnancies for families, and checking hemoglobin and protein levels for pregnant women in a state of chronic energy deficiency who receive supplementary feeding based on moringa leaves and fish. At the beginning of the community service activities, the results of health and laboratory examinations were as follows: several mothers were found to have a mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) below 23.5 cm, which may indicate a risk of chronic energy deficiency (CED). Pregnant women were still found with hemoglobin levels below 11 g/dL, indicating anemia during pregnancy. Additionally, protein levels in pregnant women were found to be 6.2 g/dL, and there was one stunted child and seven children in a pre-stunting condition. Following up on the results of the initial health examination, interventions were carried out for pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency and toddlers at risk of stunting by providing snacks made from moringa and fish for two weeks. The Surabaya Hebat cadres also received a refresher on early detection screening for high-risk pregnant women INDEX TERMS Stunting, Moringa leaves and fish, Tambak Wedi

Relationship between age, occupation, education, and parity with the chronic energy deficiency among pregnant women

Maternal and child health quality depends on maternal nutrition during pregnancy. Chronic energy deficiency (CED), a malnutrition condition common in pregnant women, increases the risk of the mother experiencing postpartum hemorrhage and the fetus experiencing intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). The prevalence of CED risk among pregnant women in Sukabumi City, West Java, Indonesia is unstable and has not significantly decreased. This study aimed to determine the relationship between age, occupation, education, and parity with the risk of CED among pregnant women in Sukabumi City. An analytical observational study with a case-control approach using cluster sampling was conducted on 126 pregnant women with and without CED risk, respectively. The population for this study was pregnant women who checked at the primary health center in Sukabumi City in 2021. Data were collected from maternity health record and analyzed using Chi-square. The results showed that age had a significant relationship (p=0.000). In contrast, occupation (p=0.162), education (p=0.127), and parity (p=0.313) did not have a significant relationship with the risk of CED among pregnant women in Sukabumi City. Age was associated with the risk of CED among pregnant women in Sukabumi City.

Determinants of chronic energy deficiency (CED) incidence in pregnant women: A cross-sectional study in Banyumas, Indonesia.

Chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant women is a condition of energy and protein deficiency that lasts for years and causes problems in the mother and fetus. Due to its significant consequences, determining the determinants associated with CED incidence is of utmost importance. The aim of this study was to determine the determinants of the incidence of CED in pregnant women in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women in Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia, in 2022. Plausible determinants included maternal age, pregnancy interval, parity, educational attainment, nutritional knowledge, employment, frequency of antenatal care (ANC), and nutritional intake. The Chi-squared test followed by multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the factors associated with the incidence of CED. Our data indicated that 32% of the pregnant women had CED. Univariate analysis found that maternal age (p=0.022), pregnancy interval (p=0.009), educational attainment (p=0.012), knowledge of nutrition and CED (p=0.023), frequency of utilization of ANC services (p=0.028), energy intake (p=0.002), protein intake (p=0.006), vitamin C intake (p=0.016), folate intake (p=0.011), and calcium intake (p=0.004) were significantly associated with CED incidence in the pregnant women. Multivariate analysis indicated that extreme maternal age (OR; 3.49; 95%CI: 1.10-11.05), low educational attainment (OR: 4.12; 95%CI: 1.37-12.33), short pregnancy interval (OR; 7.30; 95%CI: 1.84-28.99), low frequency of ANC (OR: 3.06; 95%CI: 1.01-9.19) and low protein intake (OR: 6.80; 95%CI: 1.62-28.59) were associated with CED incidence. This study underscores the importance of increasing nutritional intake, frequency of ANC, and pregnancy interval among pregnant women to reduce the risk of CED and its adverse health outcomes.

Prevalence and determinant factors of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women

Pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) are prone to malnutrition due to prolonged imbalances in the intake of essential nutrients. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the risk of CED in pregnant women. This study had a quantitative, cross-sectional design and was conducted from June to August 2023 in the working area of the Parung Panjang Health Center, Bogor Regency. The sample size in this study was 140 pregnant women using purposive sampling. The respondents’ characteristics were obtained through questionnaire interviews. MUAC was collected through MUAC tape, dietary intake using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) form, and hemoglobin through a rapid test. Analysis was performed using the chi-square statistical test at 95% CI. The results of this study showed that the prevalence of CED was 20,7%. There was a significant relationship between maternal age, parity, gestational age, history of infectious diseases, knowledge, energy, and protein adequacy and CED in pregnant women (p <0,05). There was no significant relationship between income, anemia status, fat and carbohydrate adequacy, and the occurrence of CED (p> 0,05). In conclusion, the determinants of CED include maternal age, parity, gestational age, history of infection, knowledge, energy, and protein intake.

Correlation of Body Mass Index and Menstrual Length to Hemoglobin Levels in Adolescent Women

Anemia is a condition in which the body experiences a lack of hemoglobin levels in the blood. In Indonesia, those who experience anemia the most are teenagers with a prevalence of 30-55%, meanwhile the proportion of anemia in women is higher than in men with a prevalence of 23.9%. Anemia in teenagers increases pregnant women's risk of chronic energy deficiency, stunting, low birth weight and other health problems. Body mass index (BMI) as an indicator of nutritional status and duration of menstruation is one of the factors causing anemia in adolescent girls, so this research aims to determine the relationship between BMI and duration of menstruation on hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. Method: The research used a quasi-experimental design using the Nonequivalent Control Group Design model by selecting 60 young women who met the inclusion criteria as a sample. Results: Pearson correlation analysis shows that BMI is not correlated with hemoglobin levels with a p-value of 0.717, while the length of menstruation is correlated with hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls with the strength of the relationship being sufficient with an r-0.331 p-value of 0.010, which means that the longer the adolescent girls menstruate, the longer they menstruate. the lower the hemoglobin level.

Hubungan Antara Faktor Risiko pada Ibu Hamil dengan Kejadian Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mandastana, Kabupaten Barito Kuala

Data from the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in November 2021 showed that Indonesia was in the second highest position in Southeast Asia for the prevalence of children that has stunting occurance under five years old. The Permata Bunda program is one of the priority programs of the Batola Regency Government in the form of providing food to children under five who have malnutrition, good nutrition and pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency, as well as pregnant women and toddlers from underprivileged families, restoring the children under five and pregnant women’s nutritional status. The study design used in this study is a case control design, a quantitative analytic study, which is to determine the correlation between age, parity, Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED), anemia and maternal weight gain with the incidencef stunting in children under five. There is a correlation between maternal parity, the incidence of SEZ and the occurance of anemia with the occurance of stunting toddlers and there is no correlation between age and maternal weight gain during phase of pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in children under five. The health workers in Puskesmas are suggested to prioritize the risk of CED and anemia in pregnant women to prevent the problem of stunting in children.

The Role of Continuity of Care (CoC) in Supporting Pregnant Women at Risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in Improving Nutritional Status: A Case Report

Background: Nutritional issues in pregnant women occur during the 1,000 Days of Life (HPK) period. If nutritional problems during pregnancy are not addressed, they can disrupt fetal development. The government has undertaken efforts such as providing supplementary feeding (PMT). This PMT activity should also be accompanied by nutritional education to promote behavioral change. Midwives are among the healthcare professionals who can provide comprehensive support. This support is aimed at optimizing continuous midwifery care, with the expectation of reducing the impact of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) on both pregnant women and their fetuses. Methods: This case report is compiled using a descriptive method with a case study approach. The researcher supported Continuity of Care (CoC) to one patient in the working area of the Surabaya Community Health Center, from the pregnancy period through to the postpartum period and the newborn phase. Case Presentation: A 20-year-old pregnant woman was identified as at risk for Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) due to a measurement of Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) < 23.5 cm. The woman received continuous support, including monitoring her intake of prenatal vitamins, Antenatal Care (ANC) support, counseling, and nutritional education. By the end of the pregnancy, there was an increase in her MUAC, and she was no longer at risk of CED. Conclusion: With support in the form of monitoring and holistic, comprehensive, and collaborative midwifery care from the beginning of pregnancy, optimal care targets can be achieved. The role of support throughout the pregnancy and postpartum period has been carried out effectively, resulting in the mother being free from the risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and the baby not experiencing Low Birth Weight (LBW).

Nutrition factors related to menstrual cycle among girls: a study in a high school in Sidoarjo, Indonesia

Introduction: Irregular menstrual cycle is one indicator of reproductive health disorders. Nutritional status and behaviour are risk factors for menstrual cycle irregularities. This study aimed to analyse the correlation between nutritional status and behaviour with the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls. Methods: This research was a cross sectional study with 73 students from High School Sidoarjo, Indonesia as respondents. Nutritional status of respondents was obtained from anthropometric measurements, food intake with three times 24 hours food records, body image with MBSRQ-AS questionnaire, and physical activity was collected from the IPAQ questionnaire. Data were analysed using Spearman's test on SPSS 26.0. Results: The most common menstrual cycle problem experienced by respondents was oligomenorrhea (8.2%). The majority of respondents had good nutritional status based on BMI/A (67.1%) while 50.7% of respondents had a risk of chronic energy deficiency. The majority of respondents had intake less than needed. As much as 82.2% of respondents had moderate physical activity, while the body image score of respondents showed that 72.6% of respondents had a positive body image. The p-value in the correlation test was <0.05 in each variable. Menstrual cycles had the strongest correlation with nutritional status. Conclusion: Nutritional status and behaviour factors are related to the menstrual cycle in adolescent girls. Health promotion regarding reproductive health and nutrition in adolescent girls can be further improved, considering that the menstrual cycles may have an impact on fertility in the future.

Relationship Between Knowledge and the Incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency in Pregnant Women

Background: The prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women based on the results of the 2018 Basic Health Research is 17.3%, this result is quite high so that efforts to prevent SEZ must be carried out early.
 Methods: This research is a quantitative study with 98 samples of shampoo, the data were analyzed by SPSS version 23.
 Results: The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between knowledge and CED based on the results of p value = 0.043.
 Discussion: The importance of providing counseling and education to pregnant women to maintain a nutritional balance so that the risk of CED and LBW can be avoided. Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge and the risk of CED in pregnant women

Analisis Faktor Perilaku Dan Dukungan Suami Pada Ibu Hamil Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK) Dalam Menjalankan Program Pelayanan Kesehatan Di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Pancoran Mas Kota Depok Tahun 2022

Chronic Energy Deficiency is a malnutrition problem during pregnancy caused by an unbalanced nutritional intake that resulted from a long-term energy deficiency. According to the Indonesian Primary Health Research data in 2018, only 25.2% of pregnant women received the supplementary feeding program, and the remaining 74.8% failed to receive the program. The data also states that the proportion of Indonesian pregnant women aged 15-49 years old were 17.3% high risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency. The study aimed to determine the community health degree based on the risk of events related to behavioral factors and husband support for pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency, alternative problem solving, and problem-solving. The descriptive-analytic method was used with a qualitative approach through interviews with ten participants, stakeholders, and Chronic Energy Deficiency pregnant women. In addition, this study also uses the Ichikawa method to determine the problem cause. The results showed there was a lack of utilization of health service programs among pregnant women. To solve this problem, the alternative priority is to create educational content through the Instagram platform in terms of handling, monitoring, and preventing Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnancy by taking into account the level of effectiveness and efficiency.

The Development of Cookies from Modified Cassava Flour with Soy Isolate Protein (ISP) Substitution as an Alternative Supplementary Food for Pregnant Women with CED

Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women can be caused by direct and indirect factors. The lack of energy and protein intake during pregnancy has been proven to increase the risk of CED in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the acceptability and organoleptic properties of panelists, as well as the nutritional content of cookies based on Modified Cassava Flour with soy protein isolate substitution. The study was conducted as experimental research and a Completely Randomized Design was used. The research was conducted from June to December 2022. This study, which involved the production of Modified Cassava Flour cookies with the substitution of isolated soy protein flour and hedonic testing, was conducted at the Culinary Laboratory of Universitas Esa Unggul. The statistical test used to see the difference in nutrient content between the treatment levels of Cookies was Anova test and Ducan’s advanced test. The research results showed that there was a significant difference in hedonic quality in terms of taste and texture (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in hedonic among formulas in terms of taste, color, aroma, and texture (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the content of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins among formulas (p<0.05). The conclusion of this study was that the best formula is F3, which can contribute to the energy and protein needed by pregnant women with CED.

Influence of Nutrition in Pregnant Women on Breaking Postpartum at Puskesmas Inpatient Working Area in Bandar Lampung City

Indonesia as a developing country still has nutritional problems, especially pregnancy nutrition. Malnutrition in pregnant women increases the risk of bleeding postpartum. This study was conducted to determine the effect of maternal nutritional status during pregnancy on the incidence of bleeding postpartum at the Bandar Lampung Inpatient Health Center. This research is an observational analytic by design case control. Samples, taken using the technique purposive sampling, divided into 61 cases and 122 controls at the Bandar Lampung Inpatient Health Center. The analysis was carried out using chi square and logistic regression test. The highest proportion of mothers giving birth at the Bandar Lampung Inpatient Health Center were mothers who were not at risk of CED (84.7%) and were not anemic (71.6%). There is a significant effect between the risk of chronic energy deficiency (CED) (p=0.001; OR=8.62) and anemia status (p=0.001; OR=9.54) on the incidence of bleeding postpartum. Anemia status (p=0.001; OR=11.41) is the variable with the strongest relationship to bleeding events postpartum. The highest proportion of mothers giving birth at the Bandar Lampung Inpatient Health Center were mothers who were not at risk of CED and were not anemic. The nutritional status of pregnant women including the risk of CED and anemia status affect the incidence of bleeding postpartum in birthing mothers. Variable with the strongest relationship to bleeding events postpartum is anemia status.

Development of Phil-HEI and its evaluation of the Filipino diet: 2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey

ObjectiveTo validate the application of the developed Philippine Healthy Eating Index (Phil-HEI) by exemplifying in a 2-week cycle menu plans and its application on the diet quality of Filipino adults using the 2018 ENNS dietary data. MethodsThe study analyzed data from 31,218 adult Filipinos aged 20 to 59 who participated in the 2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS). Dietary intake was obtained using 24 h food recall, used to calculate the Philippine Healthy Eating Index. To establish the efficiency of the index, the following aspects were evaluated: (1) content validity, (2) construct validity, (3) discriminating validity, (4) sensitivity analysis, and (5) internal consistency reliability. ResultsThe Philippine Healthy Eating Index (Phil-HEI) was developed using local guidelines, Philippine Food Pyramid, Philippine Dietary Reference Intakes, World Health Organization international guidelines, and the adapted AHEI-2010. The study found a significant association between Phil-HEI scores and age, wealth quintile, education, smoking, and BMI. The correlation between the Phil-HEI scores and energy/nutrient intake was significant but weak, with a trend across the Phil-HEI score tertiles. The discrimination validity showed large differences in mean scores based on usual diet versus three cycle menu plans. A sensitivity analysis revealed that higher Phil-HEI scores were associated with lower risk of chronic energy deficiency. The reliability of the Phil-HEI components was low (α = 0.26) due to the complex nature of assessing diet quality. ConclusionsThe Philippine Healthy Eating Index showed itself to be structurally valid when used to evaluate and monitor the diet quality of Filipino adults.

Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) pada Ibu Hamil di Desa Belaras Kecamatan Khairiah Mandah Kota Tembilahan

To prevent the risk of chronic energy deficiency (KEK) in pregnant women before pregnancy women of childbearing age must have good nutrition, for example the Upper Arm Circle (LILA) is not less than 23.5 cm. So that research is carried out with the aim to determine the factors that influence chronic energy deficiency (KEK) in pregnant women in Belaras Village, Khairiah Mandah District, Tembilahan City. This type of research is analytic with cross sectional design. With a sample of 82 pregnant women where the sample was taken by purposive sampling technique. Collecting data using a questionnaire, data were analyzed using chi square statistical test with 95% confidence degree. The results showed that the independent variables were the number of intakes of pregnant women (p-value 0.012), maternal age (p-value 0.028) and maternal knowledge (p-value 0.019) there is a significant relationship with the dependent variable, namely the incidence of KEK in pregnant women. It is recommended for pregnant women to pay more attention to their diet and the amount of daily nutritional intake needed to avoid BBLR birth and experience KEK. Keyword: Chronic Energy Deficiency (KEK)

The Influence Of Preconceptional Nutrition Counseling On Knowledge And Attitude Of Women Of Reproductive Age

Background : Health problems in the preconception period include anemia, obesity and chronic lack of energy. In Indonesia, cases of Chronic Energy Deficiency are caused by lack of nutritional intake such as energy and protein, so that the nutrients needed by the body are not fulfilled. To prevent the risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency in pregnant women before pregnancy, women of childbearing age must have good nutrition. Maternal nutritional status before pregnancy has a significant influence on the incidence of LBW. Knowledge of nutrition plays an important role in fulfilling one's nutritional adequacy. The level of knowledge will encourage a person to have optimal abilities in the form of knowledge and attitudes. Objective : Knowing the effect of preconception nutrition counseling on the knowledge and attitudes of women of childbearing age. Methods : Quasi experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was some women of childbearing age who were married in the preconception period from July to September 2022 in Sanggar Buana Village, Seputih Banyak District, Central Lampung as many as 81 people, the sampling technique was purposive sampling. Results : Most of them have knowledge of WUS before being given counseling that is enough 64.2% and after 85.2% have good knowledge. Attitudes before being given counseling were mostly negative 55.6% and afterward were positive 97.5%. There is an effect of preconception nutrition counseling on the knowledge and attitudes of women of childbearing age (p value 0.000). Conclusions and Suggestions: There is an effect of preconception nutrition counseling on the knowledge and attitudes of women of childbearing age. Health services are expected to provide education and counseling, especially regarding preconception nutrition

Perbedaan asupan energi dan zat gizi makro berdasarkan kejadian risiko KEK pada ibu hamil

The differences in energy and macronutrient intake based on risk of chronic energy deficiency for pregnant womenBackground: Pregnancy is an essential period in forming the quality of human resources that requires adequate intake of energy and macronutrients for development and growth in the fetus and maintaining nutritional status in pregnant women.Objective: The study aims to determine the differences in energy and macronutrient intake based on chronic energy deficiency (CED), a condition characterized by long-term inadequate energy intake, among pregnant women in Bengkulu Province.Method: This research was used in a cross-sectional research design. The number of samples was 1,167 respondents, taken using total sampling techniques and conducted in Bengkulu Province. The data used secondary data from the Republic of Indonesia's Ministry of Health Survey in 2016. Data analysis in the study used the Mann-Whitney test and multiple logistic regression.Results: The results of this research show the average intake of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates in respondents who are at risk of CED respectively are 1,478±48 kcal; 53±2 g; 30±2 g; 24±9 g; and for the average intake of respondents who are not the risk of CED respectively are1,647±18 kcal; 58±1 g; 34±1 g; 262±3 g. The results showed that there was a difference between energy intake (p=0.013), protein (p=0.035), and carbohydrate (p=0.035) based on the incidence of CED risk in pregnant women.Conclusion: Based on the dietary intake analysis of pregnant women, there were differences between the risk of CED and those not at risk of CED. Therefore, pregnant who risk CED must be given a balanced diet (energy and macronutrients) to improve their nutritional status during pregnancy.

Risk Factors Of Chronic Energy Lack In Pregnant Women

Abstract
 During pregnancy, the mother's body metabolism will increase to support fetalgrowth and development, increase in uterine organs, changes in bodycomposition and metabolism mother. Therefore, the need for energy and othernutrients will also increase during pregnancy. If the nutritional status of themother is less supportive, pregnant women will experience nutritional problemssuch as chronic energy deficiency (KEK) and nutritional anemia (Handayani &Budianingrum, 2011).Objective: To determine the risk factors for the occurrenceof chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women in the work area of thePalembang Superintendent Health Center in 2021.Methods: The design of thisstudy was case-control. This research was conducted at the Pembina PublicHealth Center of Palembang City. The research sample was 60 first trimesterpregnant women who were divided into 2 groups, namely the case group and thecontrol group. Results: Based on the results of thestatistical test Chi-Square, itwas found that there was a significant relationship between parity with p = 0.001(OR = 7.5, 95% CI: 2.244-25.062) and pregnancy interval with a value of p =0.000 (OR = 16, 4, 95%CI: 4,569-59,073) with the risk of Chronic EnergyDeficiency in pregnant women. Conclusion: There is a relationship betweenparity & pregnancy distance to the incidence of chronic energy deficientpregnant women at Pembina Puskesmas Palembang in 2021. Pregnant womenwith risk parity (> 2 children) are 7.5 times at risk of experiencing chronicenergy deficiency and pregnant women with risky pregnancy intervals ( < 2years) 16.4 times the risk of experiencing chronic energy deficiency.
 Keywords: Risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency, Pregnant Women

Risk Factors Of Chronic Energy Lack In Pregnant Women

Abstract
 During pregnancy, the mother's body metabolism will increase to support fetalgrowth and development, increase in uterine organs, changes in bodycomposition and metabolism mother. Therefore, the need for energy and othernutrients will also increase during pregnancy. If the nutritional status of themother is less supportive, pregnant women will experience nutritional problemssuch as chronic energy deficiency (KEK) and nutritional anemia (Handayani &Budianingrum, 2011).Objective: To determine the risk factors for the occurrenceof chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women in the work area of thePalembang Superintendent Health Center in 2021.Methods: The design of thisstudy was case-control. This research was conducted at the Pembina PublicHealth Center of Palembang City. The research sample was 60 first trimesterpregnant women who were divided into 2 groups, namely the case group and thecontrol group. Results: Based on the results of thestatistical test Chi-Square, itwas found that there was a significant relationship between parity with p = 0.001(OR = 7.5, 95% CI: 2.244-25.062) and pregnancy interval with a value of p =0.000 (OR = 16, 4, 95%CI: 4,569-59,073) with the risk of Chronic EnergyDeficiency in pregnant women. Conclusion: There is a relationship betweenparity & pregnancy distance to the incidence of chronic energy deficientpregnant women at Pembina Puskesmas Palembang in 2021. Pregnant womenwith risk parity (> 2 children) are 7.5 times at risk of experiencing chronicenergy deficiency and pregnant women with risky pregnancy intervals ( < 2years) 16.4 times the risk of experiencing chronic energy deficiency.
 Keywords: Risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency, Pregnant Women

PENGEMBANGAN BROWNIES KUKUS TEPUNG TALAS-KECAMBAH KACANG HIJAU DAN UBI UNGU KUKUS (TALAHIBU) UNTUK IBU HAMIL KURANG ENERGI KRONIK (KEK)

Background: The prevalence of pregnant women with a risk of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) is quite high (24.2%). CED in pregnant women requires additional feeding interventions (PMT). Brownies enriched with taro flour–mung bean sprouts and purple sweet potato (TALAHIBU) were chosen as it is an energy-dense product and expected to have preferred organoleptic value and energy as PMT.
 Objectives: To determine the phenolic antioxidant content of the best TALAHIBU formula and to determine the serving size of TALAHIBU.
 Methodology: This factorial experimental study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors, consisting of taro flour-mung bean sprout proportion and the percentage of added fine steamed sweet potato. Organoleptic variable analysis used Friedman test continued with 5% Multiple Appeal Test. The best treatment combination was chosen, continued with Proximate and phenolic test then energy calculations.
 Results: The best treatment was TALAHIBU G2J2 with water content of 23.94% BW; ash content 3.16% bb; fat 25.7% BW; carbohydrates 45.57% bb; protein 1.63% bb; energy 419.83kcal; and phenolic antioxidant 19,1 mg/g.
 Conclusion: The best product TALAHIBU is suitable PMT for pregnant women with CED by serving 5 slice brownies per day.

PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SELULER LINGKAR LENGAN ATAS IBU HAMIL BERBASIS ANDROID

Chronic energy deficiency (CED) has a major impact on maternal health. Screening is carried out to prevent the risk of CED for the mother before and during pregnancy by measuring the upper arm circumference (MUAC). This study aims to explore, validate and analyze the sensitivity and specificity of the MUAC mobile application. his research is expected to help health cadres in measuring the MUAC of pregnant women. This study uses a mixed-method with a sequential exploratory strategy with a purposive sampling technique. Exploration was carried out on 3 nutritionists and 7 Posyandu cadres. Data collection was done using of in-depth interviews. The feasibility test was conducted on 5 informatics experts, 5 nutritionists and 30 Posyandu cadres using a questionnaire. Mobile apps sensitivity and specificity test LILA was performed on 37 pregnant women purposively and analyzed using Stata software. Mobile apps model exploration results MUAC for pregnant women consists of content, design, measurement techniques and accuracy. Expert test results and user tests show mobile apps MUAC pregnant women are valid and reliable. The results of the sensitivity test (91.2%) and specificity (33.3%). Mobile apps models MUAC for pregnant women was developed based on user needs. Mobile apps MUAC for pregnant women has very good sensitivity and poor specificity. Further research is required to conduct similar studies to obtain better sensitivity and specificity results.