Systolic Blood Pressure Risk Research Articles

Causal associations between gastroesophageal reflux disease and essential hypertension: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Clinical studies have reported that patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have a higher prevalence of hypertension. To performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal link between GERD and essential hypertension. Eligible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected, and weighted median, inverse variance weighted (IVW) as well as MR egger (MR-Egger) regression were used to examine the potential causal association between GERD and hypertension. The MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier analysis was used to detect and attempt to reduce horizontal pleiotropy by removing outliers SNPs. The MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test and "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis were performed to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities, and stability of single instrumental variable. IVW analysis exhibited an increased risk of hypertension (OR = 1.46, 95%CI: 1.33-1.59, P = 2.14E-16) in GERD patients. And the same result was obtained in replication practice (OR = 1.002, 95%CI: 1.0008-1.003, P = 0.000498). Meanwhile, the IVW analysis showed an increased risk of systolic blood pressure (β = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.11-1.44, P = 0.021) and hypertensive heart disease (OR = 1.68, 95%CI: 1.36-2.08, P = 0.0000016) in GERD patients. Moreover, we found an decreased risk of Barrett's esophagus (OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.83-0.99, P = 0.043) in essential hypertension patients. We found that GERD would increase the risk of essential hypertension, which provided a novel prevent and therapeutic perspectives of essential hypertension.

Association between human blood metabolome and the risk of hypertension

Hypertension, commonly referred to as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure levels. It is a prevalent global health issue, affecting a significant portion of the population worldwide. Hypertension is often asymptomatic, making it a silent but potentially dangerous condition if left untreated. Genetic instruments for 1,091 were from a recent comprehensive metabolome genome-wide association study (GWAS). Summary statistics of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) involving 757,601 sample size were analyzed. Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) was conducted to assess causal effect of metabolites on DBP and SBP risk, and reverse MR analysis was performed to identify the DBP/SBP causal effect on blood metabolites. Twelve and twenty-two metabolites were identified to be associated with DBP and SBP, respectively. Sensitive analysis showed four metabolites had robustness association on BP. Reverse MR demonstrated DBP and SBP could decrease the tricosanoyl sphingomyelin (d18:1/23:0)* level and increase the 2-hydroxyhippurate (salicylurate) level in blood, respectively. Our findings reveal an association between blood metabolites and blood pressure (DBP and SBP), suggesting potential therapeutic targets for hypertension intervention.

Genetic association analysis of rs662799 ( − 1131A > G) polymorphism of APOA5 gene with morphometric and physio-metric traits using multiplex PCR

BackgroundThe apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene, significantly expressed in liver, has been involved in regulation of triglyceride metabolism, plasma lipid levels, serum adipokine levels and cardiovascular traits. A single-nucleotide polymorphism rs662799 ( − 1131A > G), 2 Kb upstream in the promoter region of this gene, causes decrease in the concentration of the product coded by this gene; hence, it may be responsible for impairments in normal function of the gene, ultimately leading to disease condition. Keeping in view the importance of APOA5 gene, the aim of the present study was to examine the association of genetic variant rs662799 of APOA5 gene with two quantitative traits simultaneously, viz. body mass index and blood pressure.ResultsThe study involved a population of 246 subjects from North Indian region. Measurements of morphometric and physio-metric parameters were recorded using standard measures. Genotyping of APOA5 gene polymorphism (rs662799) using Tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system PCR was performed. Statistical analyses were carried out using MS-Excel and SigmaPlot, and significance level was setup as p < 0.05. The allelic distribution of rs662799 polymorphism in this population was 77% for major allele (A) and 23% for minor allele (G). Significant association of rs662799 with increased body mass index and blood pressure was observed, with the presence of allele G. Under recessive genetic model, rs662799 polymorphism conferred a 17.71-fold risk of elevated body mass index (OR = 17.71, p < 0.001, CI (95%) = 4.05–77.46), and for increase in blood pressure, 3.79- and 3.83-fold risk of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (OR = 3.792, p = 0.023, CI (95%) = 1.25–11.509 and OR = 3.83, p = 0.012, CI (95%) = 1.375–10.68, respectively) was observed. Under dominant genetic model, it showed a 3.060-fold risk of increase in body mass index (OR = 3.060, p < 0.001, CI (95%) = 1.78–5.25).ConclusionsG allele of rs662799 of APOA5 gene showed significant susceptible association with BMI and BP. This study may be helpful for clinicians and researchers to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of the gene in question.

Risk of High Systolic Blood Pressure among the Air Crew in Bangladesh Air Force

Introduction: Military flight circumstances have been shown to affect Blood Pressure levels. Hypertension is the most severe threat that relates to myocardial infarction, stroke and kidney failure. Exposure to regular flight environment has been shown to Individuals Blood Pressure levels. Objective: To find out the factors associate to presentation of hypertension in air crew in Bangladesh Air force. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 100 Air Force’ pilots of Bangladesh. Data were sort out from medical record files. Participants filled in a survey about demographics, lifestyle factors and dietary habits. Arterial Blood Pressure (BP) was also measured. Multivariate linear regression was implemented. Results: Two patients had history of hypertension among them 2(100.0%) in high systolic blood pressure. Which was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) between normal and high BP. Patients having age (≥40 years) 2.6 (95% CI 1.1% to 6.1%) times the risk for systolic blood pressure. patients having age (≥30 years) 2.5 (95% CI 0.3% to 22.4%) times the risk for systolic blood pressure. Patients having history of hypertension 1.7 (95% CI 0.01% to 46.3%) times the risk for systolic blood pressure. Patients having Pulse (&gt;80 beats per minute) 3.5 (95% CI 0.2% to 52.8%) times the risk for systolic blood pressure. In multivariate analysis, age, history of hypertension and pulse were not statistically significant. Conclusion: BP value of most of the air crew in Bangladesh Air Force’ were within normal range. Few of BP standards have been reported in the study history of hypertension they have moreover family history of HTN. Contrastingly, there were some overweight and fast food eating while few reported not exercising. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 17, No 1 (June) 2021: 35-38

Psoriasis and cardiovascular disorders: association or epiphenomenon? Meta-analysis of observational studies.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease believed to be correlated with numerous cardiovascular risk factors including increased blood pressure, elevated blood cholesterol level, diabetes, inactivity, high body mass index (obesity) and dyslipidaemia. The present meta-analysis intends to assess the association between psoriasis and cardiovascular risk factors. Three hundred and fifty articles were primarily screened using NCBI MEDLINE/PubMed and Cochrane library from its inception until June 30, 2018. Of these, 26 observational studies depending upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study with 17,672 psoriasis patients and 66,407 non-psoriasis subjects. The psoriasis patients were found to be at significantly increased risk of systolic blood pressure (SBP)[ORs 2.31 (95% CI 1.12, 4.74)], diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [ORs 2.31 (95% CI 1.58, 3.38)], abdominal obesity [ORs 1.90 (95% CI 1.45, 2.50)] and triglycerides [ORs 1.80 (95% CI 1.29, 2.51)] as compared to non-psoriasis subjects. Thesubgroup analyses of studies based on the continents revealed that psoriasis patients from Middle East are prone to higher risk factors of CVD including increased levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, DBP, SBP, fasting blood sugar, body mass index and decreased HDL levels, whereas psoriasis patients from European population reported increased LDL-C and waist circumference. The present study supports a significant association between psoriasis and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events. Contrary to the previous literature, our finding suggests that hypertension is a highly associative condition in psoriasis. The findings of this study could be validated amongst well-defined cohorts of patients with psoriasis individually in different regions to confirm the implication of the study.

Elevated Blood Pressure in the Emergency Department: A Risk Factor for Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

In the emergency department (ED), high blood pressure (BP) is commonly observed but mostly used to evaluate patients' health in the short term. We aimed to study whether ED-measured BP is associated with incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), myocardial infarction, or stroke in long term, and to estimate the number needed to screen to prevent ASCVD. In this cohort study, participants were selected from a university hospital between 2010 and 2016, with an obtained BP in the ED. The outcome information was acquired through the Swedish National Patient Register for all participants. The association was estimated with Cox-regression. Among the included 300 193 subjects, 8999 incident ASCVD events occurred during a median follow-up for 3.5 years. Both DBP and systolic blood pressure were associated with incident ASCVD, myocardial infarction, and stroke with a progressively increased risk for systolic blood pressure within hypertension grade 1 (HR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.06-1.24]), 2 (HR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.25-1.47]), and 3 (HR, 1.63 [95% CI, 1.49-1.77]). The 6-year cumulative incidence of ASCVD was 12% for systolic blood pressure ≥180 mm Hg compared with 2% for normal levels. To prevent one ASCVD event during the median follow-up, the number needed to screen was estimated to 151, whereas the number needed to treat to 71. ED-recorded BP is associated with incident ASCVD, myocardial infarction, and stroke. High-BP recordings in EDs should not be disregarded but an opportunity to detect and improve the treatment of hypertension. ED-measured BP provides an important and underused tool with great potential to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03954119.

BIOLOGICAL RISK PROFILES IN THE OLDER MEXICAN POPULATION

Research examining biological risk is critical given that both the Mexican and U.S. populations are aging. Biomarkers can help us understand underlying disease patterns among Mexican-origin individuals in Mexico and the U.S. to help inform disease-prevention efforts for these populations. Using data from the 2012 Mexican Health and Aging Study and the 2010/2012 Health and Retirement Study, we examine seven biomarkers known to predict health risk: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein. Logistic regression models, controlling for age and sex, are used to predict high-risk for each biomarker among Mexico-born Mexicans, Mexico-born Mexican-Americans, and U.S.-born Mexican-Americans. Results show that Mexico-born Mexicans exhibit higher biological risk for systolic blood pressure, pulse rate, low HDL cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin, and inflammation than Mexico-born and U.S.-born Mexican-Americans. Additionally accounting for socioeconomic status and health behaviors did not explain differences in high-risk among Mexican-born Mexicans.

Abstract 103: The Effects of s Lower Blood Pressure Treatment Goal on Orthostatic Hypotension in Adults With Recent Stroke

Background: Lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) treatment goals reduce risk of orthostatic hypotension (OH). Whether a lower goal also reduces orthostatic symptoms is unknown. Methods: We examined the effect of SBP goal on OH in SPS3-BP (Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes - Blood Pressure), an open label, randomized trial. Adults with a recent stroke (&lt;6 months) were assigned to either a SBP goal of 130-149 mm Hg or &lt;130 mm Hg. During follow-up, BP was measured 3 times in a seated position and once after 2 minutes of standing. OH was defined as a drop in SBP ≥20 mm Hg or DBP ≥10 mm Hg. We also examined extreme standing BP values (SBP ≥190 mm Hg or ≤90 mm Hg; DBP ≥110 mm Hg or ≤40 mm Hg). Participants were asked about dizziness and lightheadedness in the process of standing up. We used generalized estimating equations to account for repeat measurements. Results: During 36,342 visits, involving 2,876 participants (mean age 62.8 ± 10.7 yrs, 37% women, 16% black) with a mean of 15 follow-up visits, OH was present 2,591 times in 1,165 participants. Similarly, dizziness was present 1,343 times (in 592 participants) and lightheadedness was present 941 times (in 893 participants). A lower SBP goal (compared to standard) was associated with a lower risk of OH (OR 0.86; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.99), a higher risk of SBP ≤90 mm Hg (3.79; 2.35, 6.11) or DBP ≤40 mm Hg (2.42; 1.41, 4.15), and a lower risk of SBP ≥190 mm Hg (0.40; 0.27, 0.60) or DBP ≥110 mm Hg (0.31; 0.19, 0.50) ( Table ). BP goal did not affect dizziness or lightheadedness. Conclusions: A lower SBP goal decreased OH without affecting orthostatic symptoms. These findings support recent observations that more intensive SBP treatment does not increase risk of falls.

Trends in Adolescents Obesity and the Association between BMI and Blood Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Study in 714,922 Healthy Teenagers.

Seventeen percent of youth in the United States are obese. Obesity has been linked to higher prevalence of hypertension. Past studies were limited by their size and conflicting results. The aim of this study was to analyze trends in adolescents' obesity between 1998 and 2011 and to evaluate the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) in healthy adolescents. All adolescents who underwent a medical exam in the years 1998-2011 and were found fit for combat duties in the Israeli Defense Force were included. The cohort included 714,922 healthy adolescents with 59% of them being males. The mean age was 17.4±0.45 and mean BMI was 22±3.5 kg/m(2). The percentage of overweight adolescents (BMI > 25 kg/m(2)) has increased from 13.2% in 1998 to 21% in 2011, P < 0.001. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased with increasing BMI deciles (systolic blood pressure by 10mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 3-4mm Hg from the 1st decile to the 10th decile, P < 0.001 for both). In multivariate analysis, each increase of 1 unit of BMI was associated with an increased risk of systolic blood pressure above 130 mm Hg in both males (OR = 1.108, 95% CI 1.107-1.110, P < 0.001) and females (OR = 1.114, 95% CI 1.139-1.146, P < 0.001). BMI in adolescents is significantly associated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in both genders and in both the normal weight and overweight groups. There has been consistent trend of increasing BMI values over recent years.

Tekanan darah siswa sekolah dasar obes dan tidak obes di Kota Yogyakarta

Background: In adulthood, obesity is related to the increasing of mortality risk as the effect of cardiovascular diseases. Adulthood obesity is often started from childhood. Besides obesity causes, risk of cardiovascular are influenced by blood pressure as well.Objective: The study was proposed to compare blood pressure of obese and non-obese students.Method: The study was conducted among 52 obese and 52 non-obese students aged 9–12 years old matched with age and sex. Subjects were obtained through obesity screening among obese students. The criteria of obesity were BMI to age in or over 95 percentage of CDC 2000 standard. Blood pressure was measured three times at three different days with quicksilver sphygmomanometer. Its method was adjusted to Task Force on Blood Pressure in Children instruction.Results: Mean of systolic blood pressure of obese students was 109.2 (6.0) mmHg, higher than non-obese, 89.4 (6.9) mmHg. The different mean (CI 95%) of systolic blood pressure of both group was 19.9 (17.3-22.4) mmHg, p &lt; 0.001. Mean of diastolic blood pressure of obese students was 72.4 (4.9) mmHg, while non-obese was 58.1 (8.1) mmHg. The different mean (CI 95%) of diastolic blood pressure of both group was 14.3 (11.6-16.9) mmHg, p &lt; 0.001. Obese students had relative risk of systolic blood pressure (CI 95%) 22.5 (5.8-88.0) times higher than non-obese students. Relative risk of diastolic blood pressure of obese students (CI 95%) was 3.7 (2.4-5.8) times higher than that of non-obese students.Conclusion: Systolic and diastolic blood pressures of obese students were higher than that of non-obese students.