Risk Of Anxiety Symptoms Research Articles

Colostrum supplementation enhance mental health status and alleviate pain in patients with acetabular fracture: A randomized, controlled, clinical trial

IntroductionRole of oral colostrum on mental health status, pain, and inflammatory markers in patients with acetabular fracture was investigated. Materials and MethodsFor 21 days, the intervention group received 40 g of colostrum daily and the control group received a placebo. Changes in mental health status, pain, and serum levels of CRP and IL-6 were evaluated over 90 days. ResultsThe risk of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances in the colostrum group (n = 41) was significantly lower than the control group (n = 39), 14 and 60 days after surgery. The risk of anxiety symptoms in the colostrum group, 2 and 3 months after surgery, was significantly lower than the control group.Generalized estimating equation showed that the mean pain score and serum levels of CRP and IL-6 in the colostrum group were significantly lower than the control group during 90 days of follow-up. ConclusionColostrum improves mental health status, pain, and inflammatory markers.Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20220424054643N1.

Prevalence and associated factors of mental health disorders among Brazilian healthcare workers in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional study.

The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil affected mental health among healthcare workers. To objective of this study was to evaluate the mental health of healthcare workers in in the central-west region of the Brazil, estimating the prevalence of mental health disorders, and investigating associated factors, perceptions of safety, and self-perceptions about mental health in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire was divided into two parts that included general information and perceptions about the work process and identified symptoms using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and multiple linear regression analysis was conducted. A total of 1,522 healthcare workers participated in the survey. Overall prevalence of symptoms was calculated for depression (58.7%), anxiety (59.7%), and stress (61.7%). Physicians had 3.75 times greater risk of depression (1.59-8.85, 95% CI). Independent variables associated with depression symptoms were not feeling safe with the way services were organized (1.12:1.03-1.21, 95% CI) and self-perception of poor mental health (8.06: 4.03-16.10% CI). Working in management was protective, and married professionals had 12% lower risk of exhibiting symptoms of depression (0.79-0.99, 95% CI). Participants with self-perception of poor mental health had 4.63 greater risk for symptoms of anxiety (2.58-8.31, 95% CI). Protective factors were not having sought support for mental health (0.90: 0.82-0.99, 95% CI), having a graduate degree (0.71: 0.54-0.94, 95% CI), and not having been diagnosed with COVID-19 (0.90: 0.83-0.98, 95% CI). Perception of poor mental health was associated with 6.95-fold greater chance of developing stress symptoms. Protective factors from stress were having a degree in dentistry (0.81: 0.68-0.97, 95% CI), residing in Mato Grosso do Sul (0.91: 0.85-0.98, 95% CI), and not having sought mental health support services (0.88: 0.82-0.95, 95% CI). The prevalence of mental health disorders is high among healthcare workers, and is associated with professional category, organization of services provided, and self-perception of poor mental health, reinforcing the need for preventative measures.

Fronto-amygdala resting state functional connectivity is associated with anxiety symptoms among adolescent girls more advanced in pubertal maturation

Early adolescence, with the onset of puberty, is an important period when sex differences in anxiety emerge, with girls reporting significantly higher anxiety symptoms than boys. This study examined the role of puberty on fronto-amygdala functional connectivity and risk of anxiety symptoms in 70 girls (age 11–13) who completed a resting state fMRI scan, self-report measures of anxiety symptoms and pubertal status, and provided basal testosterone levels (64 girls). Resting state fMRI data were preprocessed using fMRIPrep and connectivity indices were extracted from ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and amygdala regions-of-interest. We tested moderated mediation models and hypothesized that vmPFC-amygdala would mediate the relation between three indices of puberty (testosterone and adrenarcheal/gonadarcheal development) and anxiety, with puberty moderating the relation between connectivity and anxiety. Results showed a significant moderation effect of testosterone and adrenarcheal development in the right amygdala and a rostral/dorsal area of the vmPFC and of gonadarcheal development in the left amygdala and a medial area of the vmPFC on anxiety symptoms. Simple slope analyses showed that vmPFC-amygdala connectivity was negatively associated with anxiety only in girls more advanced in puberty suggesting that sensitivity to the effects of puberty on fronto-amygdala function could contribute to risk for anxiety disorders among adolescent girls.

Prevalence of anxiety and depression among students and employees during the COVID-19 pandemic

IntroductionFacing the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals are experiencing severe mental distress. Following social distancing and economic insecurity, significant increases in mental health concerns have developed.ObjectivesThe aims of this study was to report the levels of depressive and anxiety within active population in Romania, and to identify possible risk and protective factors for mental health.MethodsData collection occurred between February-March 2021. The online survey included questions regarding socio-demographic characteristics and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). 620 responses were validated (331 students and 289 workers).ResultsAmong active population, risk of anxiety symptoms is lower in those who already were infected with SARS-Cov2 (p=0.026, df=2, Phi=0.109), while positive screening for anxiety or depression in this study was statistically significant associated with younger age (p=0.026, df=4, Phi=0.134) and female gender (p=<0.001, df=2, Phi=0.166). Even though anxiety and depression scores are similar among students and employees, there are different aspects regarding symptomatology between these two groups. Students have experienced more frequently tendency to worry and sudden feelings of panic (p=0.004, df=3, Phi=0.146). Also, their ability to laugh and see the funny side of things is affected (p=0.019, df=3, Phi=0.127) and they feel less enthusiasm about future (p=0.001, df=3, Phi=0.159). Participants living with someone else scored lower on anxiety and depression subscales and those are not influenced by the person with whom they are cohabitating or residing (p=0.020, df=3, Phi=0.138).ConclusionsFindings from the current study offer initial insights into the rates of anxiety and depression within active population in Romania, one year after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Associations of the COVID-19 pandemic with social well-being indicators in Mexico

BackgroundPublic health measures for COVID-19 containment have implied economic and social life disruptions, which have been particularly deleterious in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) due to high rates of informal employment, overcrowding, and barriers to accessing health services, amongst others social determinants. Mexico, a LMIC, is a country with a high COVID-19 mortality in which there has been a very limited governmental response to help mitigate such COVID-related disruptions. This study analyzes the association of the first wave of the COVID-19 crisis in Mexico with four well-being indicators: income, employment, anxiety, and food security.MethodsIt uses pooled cross-sectional data (n = 5453) of five monthly nationally representative surveys collected between April and August 2020. Probit models are estimated to assess the association of the pandemic with job loss and anxiety; a multinomial logistic regression is estimated for food security, and an ordinary least squares regression assesses the association between the pandemic and changes in household’s income.ResultsFemales were significantly associated with worse outcomes for the 4 well-being measures with an average reduction of 2.3% in household income compared to pre-COVID-19 levels, an increased probability (6.4 pp) of being in a household that had lost jobs, decreased probability of food security (6.9 pp), and an increased risk of anxiety symptoms (8.5 pp). In addition, those with lower SES and household with children also reported worse outcomes for employment, income and food security. The month variable was also statistically significant in these models suggesting that as more months of the pandemic elapsed the effects persisted.ConclusionThe currents study documents how the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with different well-being indicators in a LMIC. It suggests the urgent need to take actions to support vulnerable groups, particularly women, households with children and those in the lowest SES. If policy actions are not taken, the pandemic will increase social and gender disparities, and will jeopardize childhood development.

Inhibitory control, working memory and coping with stress: Associations with symptoms of anxiety and depression in adults with Huntington's disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms (e.g., anxiety and depression), where individuals suffer high levels of stress from the social, physical, and cognitive burden of the disease. The present study examined two factors associated with increased risk for symptoms of anxiety and depression: executive function skills (inhibitory control/attention and working memory) and skills to cope with stress. Adults with HD completed the NIH Toolbox measures of inhibitory control/attention and working memory, as well as self-report measures of coping with HD-related stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Path analyses were used to test direct and indirect associations among the subtypes of executive functioning, coping, and symptoms. No significant associations were found in the full sample (n = 47), due to a significant portion of the sample with very low executive function abilities. Additional analyses were conducted on a subset of the sample (participants in the top three quartiles on both measures of executive functioning, n = 32). Significant indirect associations emerged among inhibitory control/attention skills, secondary control coping (e.g., acceptance and reappraisal), and symptoms of anxiety and depression in the subsample. Higher inhibitory control/attention skills were associated with greater use of secondary control coping, and greater use of these coping skills was related to lower symptoms of anxiety and depression. No direct or indirect associations were found among working memory skills, coping, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Implications for interventions to enhance executive function and coping skills in adults with HD are highlighted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Oncology Patients' Mental Health and Treatment Plans.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted cancer care to a certain degree. There is objective evidence that COVID-19 outbreaks are causing substantial emotional distress among cancer patients regardless of their disease severity. This study aims to measure the levels of psychological distress, depression, and pandemic anxiety among cancer patients in Saudi Arabia during the outbreak of COVID-19 and their impact on patients’ cancer treatment plans. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among oncology patients in Saudi Arabia in November of 2020. The levels of stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak were measured using the Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety (PHQ-4), and patients were classified as depressed/distressed if the total score was 6 and above and classified as not depressed/distressed if they scored less than 6. Results: Among the sampled population, anxiety symptoms and depression were detected in 61.5% and 70.2%, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed that feeling more isolated was significant for anxiety symptoms (p = 0.005), while patients who used institutions as a source of COVID-19 information had significant depression (p = 0.010) compared to patients who accessed information from other sources. In the binary regression model, feeling more isolated than before was 3.208 times more likely to be associated with anxiety symptoms (OR = 3.208; 95% CI = 1.391–7.396; p = 0.006), while those patients who had a support institution as a source of COVID-19 information were 4.2 times more likely to be associated with depression (OR = 4.200; 95% CI = 1.328–13.280; p = 0.015). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has added to the burden on cancer patients. The increased risk of anxiety symptoms and depression was clearly demonstrated in this study. Feeling isolated had a greater impact on anxiety symptoms, while obtaining COVID-19 information from a patient support institution negatively affected depression.

Machine learning and expression analyses reveal circadian clock features predictive of anxiety

Mood disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, are associated with disruptions in circadian rhythms and are linked to polymorphisms in circadian clock genes. Molecular mechanisms underlying these connections may be direct—via transcriptional activity of clock genes on downstream mood pathways in the brain, or indirect—via clock gene influences on the phase and amplitude of circadian rhythms which, in turn, modulate physiological processes influencing mood. Employing machine learning combined with statistical approaches, we explored clock genotype combinations that predict risk for anxiety symptoms in a deeply phenotyped population. We identified multiple novel circadian genotypes predictive of anxiety, with the PER3(rs17031614)-AG/CRY1(rs2287161)-CG genotype being the strongest predictor of anxiety risk, particularly in males. Molecular chronotyping, using clock gene expression oscillations, revealed that advanced circadian phase and robust circadian amplitudes are associated with high levels of anxiety symptoms. Further analyses revealed that individuals with advanced phases and pronounced circadian misalignment were at higher risk for severe anxiety symptoms. Our results support both direct and indirect influences of clock gene variants on mood: while sex-specific clock genotype combinations predictive of anxiety symptoms suggest direct effects on mood pathways, the mediation of PER3 effects on anxiety via diurnal preference measures and the association of circadian phase with anxiety symptoms provide evidence for indirect effects of the molecular clockwork on mood. Unraveling the complex molecular mechanisms underlying the links between circadian physiology and mood is essential to identifying the core clock genes to target in future functional studies, thereby advancing the development of non-invasive treatments for anxiety-related disorders.

Association Between Childhood Maltreatment, FKBP5 Gene Methylation, and Anxiety Symptoms Among Chinese Adolescents: A Nested Case-Control Study.

BackgroundAnxiety symptoms are common mental health problems among adolescents worldwide. This study aimed to explore (1) the longitudinal association between childhood maltreatment and anxiety symptoms, (2) the association between childhood maltreatment and DNA methylation of the FKBP5 gene, and (3) the association of DNA methylation of the FKBP5 gene with anxiety symptoms at follow-up.MethodsA nested case-control design was conducted to identify a case group and control group from a longitudinal study of adolescents aged 13–18 years in Guangzhou from 2019 to 2020. Adolescents with anxiety symptoms at baseline and follow-up were considered the case group, while those without anxiety symptoms at baseline and follow-up were considered the control group. The case and control groups were matched according to age and sex. Our study finally included 97 cases and 141 controls.ResultsAfter adjusting for significant covariates, childhood emotional abuse was associated with subsequent anxiety symptoms (β = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.010~0.283); students with physical and emotional neglect were more likely to get a lower level of DNA methylation at most CpG units of FKBP5 gene (P < 0.05); FKBP5-12 CpG 15 methylation was associated with anxiety symptoms at follow-up (β = −0.263, 95% CI = −0.458~-0.069). However, after multiple hypothesis testing, childhood maltreatment was not associated with FKBP5 DNA methylation (q > 0.10); FKBP5 DNA methylation did not show an association with subsequent anxiety symptoms (q > 0.10).ConclusionsChildhood emotional abuse was associated with an increased risk of anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents. After multiple hypothesis testing, childhood maltreatment was not significantly associated with FKBP5 DNA methylation. DNA methylation of the promoter region of the FKBP5 gene was not a significant predictor of anxiety symptoms. More attention should be paid to the mental health of adolescents with childhood maltreatment.

Prevalence of anxiety symptoms among the general population of Latvia in 2019–2020

Background Anxiety is among the most common and disabling mental disorders. The aim of our study was to determine the point prevalence of at least mild anxiety symptoms and associated factors in Latvian general population Methods Computer assisted face-to-face interviews were carried out between November 2019 and March 2020 to gather information on a representative sample of the Latvian adult population (n = 2687). The participants were interviewed using the 7-item anxiety scale: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7); a score of ≥5 was defined as indicating the presence of at least mild clinically significant symptoms of anxiety. A score of ≥10 or greater was defined as cut point for identifying cases of generalized anxiety disorder. Binary logistic regression was applied. Results There were 1238 males (46.1%) and 1449 females (53.9%) recruited. The point prevalence of at least mild anxiety symptoms in general population was 14.8% with no statistically significant difference between genders. The point prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder according to GAD-7 was 4.1%. Self-evaluation of health state as low or moderate (p < 0.001) (vs. high), unfinished primary education (p = 0.002) (vs. university degree) and age below 65 (p < 0.001) (vs. 65+) were statistically significantly associated factors for anxiety. The odds of having anxiety symptoms were lower in urban dwellers (but not in capital city; vs. rural) (p = 0.01) and married participants or those living with partner (vs. divorced, widowed) (p = 0.04). Conclusions Young people, people with low self-esteem of health-state, those with lower level of education are at particularly significant risk of anxiety symptoms.

Coping with COVID-19 stress: Associations with depression and anxiety in a diverse sample of U.S. adults.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented levels of stress to individuals in the U.S. and throughout the world. These high stress levels place individuals at risk for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders. The current study applies a control-based model of coping to contribute to the development of evidence-based interventions to promote resilience. Data were collected online from April 22 through July 12, 2020. Data from two samples of U. S. community adults who completed an online battery of standardized questionnaires were combined (N = 709). More than a quarter reported moderate to severe levels of depression symptoms, and more than one-fifth reported moderate to severe levels of anxiety symptoms; symptom levels were higher among adults who reported more COVID-19-related stress. As hypothesized, multiple regression analyses indicated that greater use of primary and secondary control coping was associated with lower symptom levels, whereas greater use of disengagement coping was associated with higher symptom levels, above and beyond the association of stress with symptoms. Race and ethnicity emerged as important moderators of these associations, indicating that what constitutes adaptive coping varies according to characteristics of the individual. Implications for public health policy and clinical practice are discussed.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-021-02444-6.

Monoaminergic Multilocus Genetic Variants Interact with Stressful Life Events in Predicting Changes in Adolescent Anxiety Symptoms: A One-year Longitudinal Study

Research suggests that genetic variants linked to monoaminergic neurotransmitter function moderate the association between stress and anxiety symptoms, but examining gene-environment (G × E) interactions with individual genes limits power. As one of polygenetic approaches, the multilocus genetic profile score is derived theoretically from combining the effects of multiple candidate genes based on the "biological plausibility". Using this approach, the current study examined the interaction between monoaminergic multilocus genetic variants and stressful life events on the changes in adolescent anxiety symptoms across a one-year timespan. In a Chinese Han adolescent sample which was derived from three vocational high schools (N = 587; T1: Mage = 16.47 ± 1.53 years; 50.8%, girls), the monoaminergic multilocus genetic profile score was calculated using 5-HTR2C rs6318, TPH2 rs4570625 and DRD2 rs1800497 polymorphisms. Results showed that this monoaminergic multilocus genetic profile score interacted with stressful life events in predicting changes in anxiety symptoms. Consistent with the G×E hypothesis of differential susceptibility, adolescents with more monoaminergic plasticity alleles not only suffered more from high levels of stressful life events, which increased the risk for anxiety symptoms, but also benefited more from low levels of stressful life events, which decreased the risk for anxiety symptoms. There were no significant G × E interactions when individual polymorphisms were examined in isolation. The results highlight the importance of examining aggregated influences of multiple genes in G × E interactions underlying the longitudinal development of adolescent anxiety symptoms.

Insomnia, Anxiety, and Depression Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Depend on the Pre-Existent Health Status Rather than the Profession.

Despite the high number of studies on mental health among healthcare workers, only a few have attempted to assess the mental health of people with chronic diseases during the COVID-19 crisis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the symptoms of insomnia, anxiety, and depression among people with chronic diseases working in healthcare and in other professions. The study participants were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 441 healthcare workers, and the second consisted of 572 non-healthcare professionals. Correlation analysis showed a strong correlation between autoimmune diseases and an increase in GAD-7 scale, ISI score, and PHQ-9 scale. Therefore, only autoimmune diseases were included for further analyses as a predictor of insomnia, depression, and anxiety. After adjusting the results for gender, age, smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and profession, the group with autoimmune diseases showed a more than a 2-fold increase in the risk of anxiety symptoms, a more than 2.5-fold increase in the risk of depressive symptoms, and a 4-fold increase in the risk of insomnia symptoms. This study shows that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of insomnia, anxiety disorders, and depressive disorders may depend on the pre-existent health status of an individual rather than on their profession.

Anxiety in a Preschool-Aged Sample with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Developmental Delay: Rates, Symptom Manifestation, and Parenting Risk Variables

ABSTRACT Introduction: Children with developmental delays (DD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at a high risk for emotional and behavioral concerns. Research examining co-occurring anxiety in those with ASD during early childhood is scarce. The current study examined rates, symptom manifestation, and parenting risk correlates of anxiety among young children with ASD and those with a non-spectrum DD. Method: The study included a sample of preschool-aged children (M = 4.18 years) with ASD (n = 56) and non-spectrum DD (n = 43). Anxiety symptoms were measured using the CBCL, and parenting was measured using parent-report and observational methods. Results: Results indicated that those with ASD were at a greater risk for anxiety symptoms than those with a non-spectrum DD; however, ASD diagnosis did not differentiate the presentation of anxiety. Inconsistent parenting emerged as predictor of anxiety symptoms for children with ASD. Conclusions: Given the high risk for anxiety in individuals with ASD, it is important to identify and treat anxiety in young children with ASD. The current study highlighted inconsistent parenting as a potential target to address in future parenting interventions for anxiety in young children with ASD.

A cross-sectional study on the association of serum uric acid levels with depressive and anxiety symptoms in people with epilepsy

BackgroundHigh serum uric acid (SUA) levels may provide protection against depression and anxiety through its defensive role in oxidative damage. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis of the independent associations of lower SUA levels with depressive and anxiety symptoms among patients with epilepsy (PWE).MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed among 320 PWE aged ≥18 years old in Northeast China. The Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E; Chinese version) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7; Chinese version) were used as screening tools for depressive and anxiety symptoms for PWE. Serum uric acid levels were measured. The associations of SUA levels with depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed by using binary logistic regression models, with adjustment for the related risk factors (P< 0.05).ResultsLower SUA tertiles were significantly associated with higher C-NDDI-E and GAD-7 scores compared with the higher two tertiles (p=0.001, and p= 0.002). Patients with depressive symptoms exhibited significantly lower SUA levels compared to those without depressive symptoms (p< 0.001). SUA levels of patients with anxiety symptoms were significantly lower than those of patients without anxiety symptoms (p< 0.001). The first and second SUA tertiles were associated with depressive symptoms, with the third tertile group as the reference group, after adjusting for confounders (first tertile: OR = 4.694, 95% CI = 1.643~ 13.413, P = 0.004; second tertile: OR = 3.440, 95% CI = 1.278~9.256, P = 0.014). However, The first and second SUA tertiles were not associated with the risk of anxiety symptoms compared with the third tertile in the adjusted logistic regression model (First tertile: OR = 1.556, 95% CI = 0.699~3.464, P = 0.279; second tertile: OR = 1.265, 95% CI = 0.607~2.635, P = 0.530).ConclusionWe found that lower SUA levels were independently associated with depressive symptoms but not with anxiety symptoms among PWE. Further well-designed prospective cohort studies are required to determine the causality of the associations and to further clarify the mechanisms of SUA in depressive symptoms.

The Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels, C-Reactive Protein, and Anxiety Symptoms.

ObjectiveThe aim of study is to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D, c-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and anxiety symptoms. MethodsSerum vitamin D and CRP levels of 51,003 Korean adult participants were collected retrospectively. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Korean version of Beck Anxiety Inventory. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (ORs) of anxiety symptoms by serum vitamin D and CRP levels. The regression was adjusted for covariates, and each model was adjusted mutually for vitamin D and CRP levels. ResultsCompared with sufficient vitamin D levels (≥20 ng/mL), insufficient (10–19.99 ng/mL) and deficient (<10 ng/mL) vitamin D levels were significantly associated with risk of anxiety symptoms. Also, continuous vitamin D levels were negatively associated with the risk of anxiety symptoms. CRP levels did not affect the relationship between vitamin D levels and risk of anxiety symptoms. ConclusionInsufficient (10–19.99 ng/mL) and deficient (<10 ng/mL) vitamin D levels were significantly associated with risk of anxiety symptoms. After adjusting for CRP levels, the results were not changed, and no evidence of interaction between vitamin D and CRP levels was found. CRP levels did not account for the association between vitamin D levels and risk of anxiety symptoms.

Effects of supervised exercise training during pregnancy on psychological well-being among overweight and obese women: secondary analyses of the ETIP-trial, a randomised controlled trial

ObjectivesWomen with high body mass index (BMI) have increased risk for symptoms of anxiety and depression during pregnancy and postpartum. In this prespecified secondary analysis from the exercise training in...

Adolescent and Young Adult Brain Tumor Survivors Report Increased Anxiety Even Years After Successful Treatment for Relapse.

Among survivors of pediatric cancers, brain tumor survivors are comparatively at high risk for experiencing relapsed disease. However, little is known about how disease relapse affects long-term psychological functioning in this cohort. This study of 162 pediatric brain tumor survivors, now adolescents and young adults (ages 12-36), demonstrates that survivors who have experienced relapsed disease are at increased risk for symptoms of anxiety, even years after successful treatment for relapse. Results underscore the need for adolescent and young adult survivors, particularly those with a history of relapsed disease, to receive ongoing psychosocial assessment and intervention that is integrated with their oncology follow-up care.

A 5-year longitudinal study of the adolescent reinforcement sensitivity as a risk factor for anxiety symptoms in adulthood: Investigating the indirect effect of cognitive emotion regulation

This study investigated the longitudinal effects of the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and the Behavioral Activation System (BAS) on anxiety symptomatology and tested the indirect effect of cognitive emotion regulation as a possible mechanism underlying this link. In this study, 274 individuals were assessed two times (T1 and T2), at a 5-year interval. We found an excellent fit for the hypothesized model, with BIS (T1) predicting both maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (mCER) and T2-anxiety even after controlling for T1-anxiety. Further, mCER significantly mediated the relationship between BIS and T2-anxiety, and between T1-anxiety and T2-anxiety. However, an alternative model, supposing that BIS and T1-anxiety indirectly affect mCER through T2-anxiety, showed a similar fit. While BAS predicted higher levels of adaptive cognitive emotion regulation (aCER), it was unrelated to mCER and showed a small positive association with anxiety only at higher levels of BIS. These findings provide longitudinal support for BIS as a risk for anxiety symptoms and support the importance of targeting mCER in the prevention and treatment of anxiety, especially among individuals with BIS sensitivity. Finally, the results suggest a possible overlap between anxiety and mCER that requires further longitudinal research to clarify the direction of their relationship.

Suicidal ideation and chronotype assessment in nurses and police officers

BACKGROUND: Nurses and police officers are professionals that work in shifts and have jobs that require attention and responsibility. They work under conditions that can cause stress, anxiety and changes in sleep patterns. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify symptoms of anxiety and depression, chronotype and the presence of suicidal ideations in nurses and police officers in the city of Arapiraca/Alagoas, Brazil. METHODS: This is a descriptive and quantitative study. The interviews were conducted using (i) identification records and general data, (ii) the Beck Anxiety Inventory, (iii) the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and (iv) the Horne-Ostberg Questionnaire. RESULTS: Fifty-three nurses and 111 police officers participated in the research. Nurses and police officers exhibited indifferent to moderate matutinal chronotypes. Most of the nurses and police officers reported minimal to light levels of anxiety. Nurses and police officers presented elevated risk for depression. Five nurses and six police officers had considered attempting suicide at the time of the research. There were no significant differences between the study groups with respect to anxiety and depression symptoms, chronotype and suicidal ideations. CONCLUSION: The nurses and police officers examined presented high risk for symptoms of anxiety and depression; a considerable number of nurses and officers had lifetime suicidal ideations. Implementation of preventive measures is necessary for the early diagnosis of anxiety and depressive disorders in order to prevent complications, including possible suicide.