Risk Of Degenerative Diseases Research Articles

Black Soybean Tempeh Ice Cream (Glycine Max Var. Mallika) Rich in Antioxidants to Increase Endurance

Low fat intake can contribute to preventing and reducing the risk of degenerative diseases and antioxidants can prevent oxidative stress and increase the body's endurance. Soybeans are a source of low-fat vegetable protein and contain isoflavones which have the potential to act as anti-inflammatory agents. Butterfly pea flowers are one of the plants that are used as a source of antioxidants. This research aims to develop ice cream that is low in fat and contains antioxidants by using black soybean tempeh milk and butterfly pea flower coloring. This research stage includes formula creation, sensory testing, analysis of physical characteristics, and analysis of antioxidant capacity. This research used three treatments with different dilution ratios of black soybean tempeh and water, namely P1 (15% dilution), P2 (20% dilution), P3 (35% dilution). Based on the results of the sensory test, P3 was the selected formula. The antioxidant capacity of black soybean tempeh milk ice cream with the addition of butterfly pea flower coloring is stated in IC50 at 6816.66 ppm or the equivalent of 13.56 mg Vitamin C/100 g. One serving of soy milk ice cream in this study can fulfill the low-fat claim and antioxidant.

In Vitro Test of Antioxidant Activity of Leilem Leaf Ethanol Extract (Clerodendrum minahassae) Using DPPH and FRAP Methods

The risk of degenerative diseases is increasing due to unhealthy lifestyles. Many people consume junk food, smoke, and do not protect themselves from sun exposure and pollution, exposing their bodies to free radicals. Free radicals can cause oxidative stress, necessitating the need for antioxidants to neutralize them. The leilem plant (Clerodendrum minahassae) is an endemic plant from North Sulawesi that is often used in traditional dishes and medicine. Moreover, leilem leaves are believed to be a source of natural antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of leilem leaf ethanol extract as a source of antioxidants. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using phytochemical screening and antioxidant assays such as 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) methods, with ascorbic acid as a comparison. The level of antioxidant activity was measured by determining the IC50 value, which corresponds to the concentration of extract required to inhibit 50% of free radicals. The results of phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol extract of leilem (Clerodendrum minahassae) leaves contains active compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids, and alkaloids, indicating a high potential for antioxidant activity. The IC50 value for the DPPH method was 78.799 ppm, and the IC50 value for the FRAP method was 92.127 ppm. These results demonstrate that the ethanol extract of leilem leaves has strong antioxidant activity in both the DPPH and FRAP methods.

Mechanisms of musculoskeletal consequences of COVID-19

Introduction A coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, called COVID-19 by the WHO has caused a pandemic of respiratory illness killed more than 6 million people. The severe infection has a significant negative impact on the entire musculoskeletal system.The objective was to summarize literature data on the mechanisms of the condition and identify musculoskeletal symptoms of COVID-19.Material and methods An internet search of PubMed, MedLine and eLIBRARY library databases using the search terms: COVID-19, aseptic osteonecrosis, post-COVID-19 syndrome, arthropathy, musculoskeletal system, spondylitis, osteoporosis was performed.Results and discussion Musculoskeletal symptoms of COVID-19 are reported in 31-59% of cases. Mechanisms of musculoskeletal involvement of coronavirus infection include cytotoxic effect of the virus on osteogenesis cells, vascular inflammation and coagulopathy, “cytokine storm”, side effects of drug therapy and hypoxia. According to an etiological factor, musculoskeletal manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 include autoimmune (reactive arthritis, sacroiliitis, ankylosing spondylitis, axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis) conditions caused by impaired circulation of bone tissue (aseptic osteonecrosis), infectious (septic arthritis, spondylitis, spondylodiscitis) and metabolic (osteopenia, osteoporosis) conditions.Conclusion It has been established that COVID-19 infection has a negative impact on the musculoskeletal, endocrine and immune systems increasing the risk of degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system and infectious complications in orthopaedic patients early post surgery.

PERAN KADER POSYANDU DALAM MENINGKATKAN STATUS GIZI ANAK STUNTING MELALUI PIJAT TUINA DAN PMBA CURUP TENGAH

Stunting must be a priority because its impact is very broad. Stunting has an impact on increasing the risk of morbidity and death, delayed motor development and hampered mental growth, increasing the risk of overweight and obesity, increasing the risk of degenerative diseases. The nutritional needs of toddlers will not be met if toddlers experience problems with eating and feeding children. One way to overcome this is through community service activities to empower posyandu cadres in the form of training to increase knowledge and skills in performing tuina massage and feeding babies and children. The target of the activity was 35 posyandu cadres in the District Work Area of Rejang Lebong in 2021. Training activities were carried out offline. The results of the participants' pretest and posttest showed an increase in knowledge of 27.0 and the results of the skills assessment using the checklist obtained an average score of 87. The community service activities by empowering posyandu cadres through training and mentoring can increase the knowledge and skills of posyandu cadres in carrying out tuina massage and IYCF.

ANALISIS PAPARAN MEDIA INFORMASI DAN UANG SAKU DENGAN KONSUMSI BUAH DAN SAYUR DI SMA NEGERI 19 SURABAYA

Introduction: Low intake of fruits and vegetables among adolescents is a common problem related to adolescent consumption behaviour that can increase the risk of degenerative diseases and health problems. The study aimed to determine media exposure and pocket money with fruit and vegetable consumption at SMA Negeri 19 Surabaya. Method: The research used an quantitative observational cross-sectional with asample was 100 students selected proportionally using stratified random sampling. Result: 69% of students had adequate fruit and vegetable consumption. 32.2% of students never consume vegetables,and 36.1% of students consume fruit 1x/week. This research showed there were significant relationships between media exposure and fruit and vegetable consumption (p=0.008), however not by pocket money(p=0,289). Conclusion: School has an important role in awareness and practice of fruit and vegetable consumption among adolescents. Use of attractive information media can be used to increase consumption, so that adolescents' dietary fiber needs are met.

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI AGENT OF CHANGE PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DI KELURAHAN PILOLODAA KECAMATAN KOTA BARAT KOTA GORONTALO

Stunting is a condition where a toddler has a length or height that is less than normal when compared to his age. Toddlers with growth delays may be at risk of decreased intelligence, decreased productivity and increased risk of degenerative diseases in the future. The purpose of this community service is to increase mothers' knowledge about nutritious food before pregnancy and after childbirth, use of clean water and sanitation. Pilolodaa Village was chosen as the location for the community service because it is one of the working areas of the West City Health Center which has the highest number of stunted children under five with a percentage of 28.46%. The method of implementing community service is carried out in the form of counseling using lecture methods, discussions, consultations, freezes, empowerment, mentoring and evaluation of knowledge about stunting prevention through a series of activities, namely licensing, coordination with the Kota Barat Health Center and Pilolodaa Village, preparing tools, media and places to use for program implementation. The results of the community service were an increase in knowledge about stunting prevention and an increase in skills in preparing nutritious food in the Pilolodaa Community Village, Kota Barat District, Gorontalo City.

Relationship between the Serum Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Concentration against Degree of Knee Osteoarthritis Pain in Elderly Patients at the Public Health Service Clinic

This study aims to assess the relationship between the serum concentration of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) and the degree of osteoarthritis pain in elderly patients. The study was conducted at a public health service clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta, Indonesia. The indexes used to assess patients with OA in the knee are the Western Ontario and Mcmaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Sampling using the cross-sectional technique as many as 146 respondents with elderly knee OA patients. First, a physical and radiological examination is performed to confirm the diagnosis of knee OA. Second, measuring the degree of pain WOMAC. Third, the measurement of the COMP serum concentration used the ELISA test. Based on the Spearman correlation test, it was found that there was a statistically significant relationship between the COMP serum concentration and the degree of knee OA pain with the WOMAC scale in the elderly (p = 0.012). From the results of the study, it is suggested that patients maintain effective health management. Elderly patients come to community health service clinics to carry out routine/periodic checks to reduce pain. The main reason is that there is no truly effective and consistent method to prevent and cure this disease, especially for patients with age-related risk factors, excessive joint load, and a history of joint injury. AO also has an impact on a person's psychosocial well-being. These findings contribute to the study of the risk of degenerative diseases and the use of biomarkers with a level of evidence that will be more valid in the future.

Prevalence of Tongue Normal Variant Lesions in Geriatric Patients with Hypertension in Surabaya: A Multicenter Observational Study

Abstract Introduction The risk of degenerative diseases in the elderly is higher due to aging and decreased body function. This process affects both systemic conditions and locally in the oral cavity. Aside from aging, degenerative disease itself can trigger the incidence of soft tissue abnormalities. Aging can cause structural and functional changes in the systemic vasculature, resulting in a degenerative disease such as hypertension. Elderly who suffers from hypertension can develop oral mucosa abnormalities and most of them are found on the tongue. This study was aimed to identify the prevalence of normal variant lesions on the tongue in the elderly with hypertension. Methods This was an observational descriptive study with a cross-sectional design done in January–March 2020. Samples were elderly obtained from several public health centers in Surabaya that matched the inclusion criteria. Subjective and clinical examinations were performed by oral medicine residents and specialists. Results A total of 401 elderly were screened and 147 elderly (36.65%) met the inclusion criteria which are having hypertension and willing to participate in this study. Those who met the criteria, mainly were female from the 60 to 74 years old age group. Normal variants of tongue obtained from the examination were fissured tongue (90.48%), coated tongue (63.95%), crenated tongue (33.33%), lingual varices (12.24%), and benign migratory glossitis (4.08%). Conclusion From this study, we figured out that fissured tongue was the most common normal variant lesion of the tongue in the elderly with hypertension. Coexistence between hypertension and tongue lesions can be developed from pathological changes of disease or as side effects of medication taken such as antihypertensive drugs.

Implementasi Kebijakan Penanggulangan Stunting di Puskesmas Pangkalan Balai Kabupaten Banyuasin

The problem of stunting in Indonesia is a serious threat that requires proper handling. Toddlers who are stunted have a risk of intellectual decline, productivity and an increased risk of degenerative diseases in the future. One of the policies made by the Palembang City Government related to tackling stunting incidents, namely through Banyuasin Regent Regulation Number 49 of 2018 concerning accelerating stunting prevention, controlling and reducing integrated stunting. The purpose of this study was to analyze government policies related to stunting prevention in the city of Palembang. The results of the study are that the implementation of the stunting reduction policy has been carried out properly in accordance with Banyuasin Regent Regulation Number 49 of 2018 and the Rembuk Stunting Program by the Banyuasin District Health Office in collaboration with all Banyuasin District Health Centers in order to Accelerate Stunting Reduction in Banyuasin District, the clarity of the stunting prevention policy at the Pangkalan Balai Health Center has been socialized to health workers, the staff in supporting the stunting prevention program at the Pangkalan Balai Health Center is sufficient, the facilities available to run the stunting prevention program at the Pangkalan Balai Health Center is appropriate and appropriate, coordination for the formation of Pangkalan Balai Health Center commitments through cross-sectors, SOPs for the implementation of the stunting policy are available. The results of this study are expected to be an illustration for the puskesmas to be able to further improve stunting services.

PENGKAJIAN STATUS GIZI BERDASARKAN PERSEN LEMAK TUBUH DAN PEMBERIAN KONSELING INTERPRETASI HASIL PENGUKURAN PADA PKM DI MILAD UNIVERSITAS AISYAH PRINGSEWU

Percent body fat is an indicator of nutritional status that describes the distribution and the total body fat in the body. Measurement of percent body fat and efforts to achieve optimal nutritional status that can reduce the risk of degenerative diseases. The aims of this community service activity is to increase the knowledge of Aisyah Pringsewu University Milad participants regarding the interpretation of the results of body fat percent measurements and nutritional counseling as an effort to achieve normal fat percent. This activity was conducted on the anniversary of Aisyah Pringsewu University for 6 days on June 19 – June 24 2023. The total number of respondents was 35 people by measuring percent body fat using BIA (Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis), then students and lecturers of the Nutrition Study Program provided explanations of interpretation of the results and nutritional counseling. From the measurement results, the results obtained were an average body fat percentage of all respondents of 22.83 ± 9.28 percent. For male respondents, 57% had a low body fat percentage, and only 7.1% of male respondents had a high category. Meanwhile, for female respondents, respondents who had normal and high fat percentage categories were 52.4% and 28.6%. Respondents were given nutritional counseling using leaflets regarding food intake, increased physical activity and a healthy lifestyle.

Penyuluhan Hipertensi serta Pelayanan Kesehatan pada Lansia di Cengkareng Barat

Hypertension is a condition that is often found in primary health care, because the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia is relatively high. According to RISKESDAS 2018, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia was 34.11%. Hypertension is a major public health problem, responsible for at least 45% of deaths from heart disease and 51% of deaths from stroke. The increasing prevalence of hypertension is caused by population growth, old age and risk factors for unhealthy dietary behavior. In addition to hypertension, through general health checks, other diseases can be found, especially degenerative diseases. In elderly it is important to carry out periodic checks because the higher the risk of degenerative diseases due to decreased the function of various organs of the body. The activities of Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat are carried out by counseling and health care on 4th January 2023 to 42 participants aged ≥46 years (early elderly) at Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Mulia 4. The results of the counseling get a 43% increase in knowledge about hypertension. The results of the health care get diagnosis of 23% hypertension, 17% stroke, 17% neuralgia, 9% osteoarthritis, 9% diabetes mellitus, 9% cephalalgia, 6% gastritis, 6% dermatitis, and 4% anemia. It is hoped that this activity can run continuously to achieve better elderly health.

THE RISK OF DEGENERATIVE DISEASES BASED ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND EXERCISE HABITS

Obesity triggers the risk of degenerative diseases. An unhealthy diet and insufficient physical activity have been contributing to the rapid increase in obesity prevalence. This study aims at determining the differences in the risk of degenerative diseases based on energy consumption and exercise habits of City Disaster Management Board/DMB members, especially in Denpasar City. This research is an observational study, targeting all members of Denpasar DMB as a population. Samples were taken purposively with a total of 126 people. The risk difference was tested using chi-square, and the estimated risk of degenerative diseases was analyzed using the Mantel-Haentzel odds ratio. The risk of degenerative diseases based on energy consumption shows a significant risk only in the group of people who did not have exercise habits (Q-suare=4.53; p=0.03), with an estimated risk that is also significant (OR=2.48; 95% CI= 1.07 - 5.74). The estimated risk results indicated that exercise habit is a potential confounding variable in the risk of degenerative diseases based on energy consumption. Lowering energy consumption is not effective enough to prevent the increase of degenerative disease risk, and prevention of new risks of degenerative diseases must include regular exercise.

Improvement of Nutrition Perception in Adult Women with Health Belief Model Approach

Adult has higher risk of degenerative diseases. Healthy diet is a way to prevent degenerative diseases. Based on the interviews with the head of RT 01 RW 02 Dukuh Menanggal Surabaya, there was no nutrition education conducted, thus knowledge and implementation of healthy eating in that area was low. Improvement in healthy diet can be done through nutrition education using Health Belief Model approach. The purpose of this activity was to increase participants' perceptions of nutrition and health. The participants were 17 adult women from RT 01 RW 02 Dukuh Menanggal Surabaya. Nutrition education regarding Pedoman Gizi Seimbang was carried out using Health Belief Model, as well as demonstrations of nutritional status measurement. The activity’s results showed that majority of participants had high nutritional status. Based on the evaluation with the pre-post test, participants' perceptions of vulnerability, severity, and benefit was elevated, while the perception of barrier declined. There was an improvement in participants' perceptions of diet and health as much as 201.3%. In addition, regular monitoring of nutritional status in adults must be carried out as screening of nutrition and health problem risk.

Risk Factor Analysis Of Low Birth Weight Events (Lbw) At Kartika Husada Hospital

WHO and UNICEF data, in 2013 around 22 million babies were born in the world, of which 16% of them were born with low birth weight babies. Indonesia ranks third as a country with the highest prevalence of LBW (11.1%), after India (27.6%) and South Africa (13.2%). In addition, Indonesia is also the second country with the highest prevalence of LBW among ASEAN countries, after the Philippines (21.2%). The impact of LBW on babies is at risk for degenerative diseases, and babies will experience mental disabilities if the baby experiences a lack of nutrition for a long time. Knowing the analysis of risk factors for low birth weight events. Analytical with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was 95 babies born at Kartika Husada Hospital Bekasi in January-June 2021 (systematic random sampling). Most pregnant women did not give birth to low birth weight babies (69.5%), aged 20-35 years (89.5%), did not have preeclampsia (94.7%), gestational age 37-42 weeks (76.8%), and did not KPD (84.2%). There is a relationship between maternal age, pre-eclampsia, gestational age and KPD with the incidence of LBW at Kartika Husada Bekasi Hospital in 2022 (p. value <0.005).There is a relationship between maternal age, pre-eclampsia, gestational age and KPD with the incidence of LBW at Kartika Husada Bekasi Hospital in 2022. It is hoped that pregnant women will try to prevent the occurrence of KPD which can cause the birth of LBW babies.

Physical activity, exercise habits, and body mass index of adults

Introduction: The risk of degenerative diseases begins to appear in adulthood. Physical activity and exercise habits prevent the incidence of obesity which is a risk factor for degenerative diseases' emergence. Therefore, this study aims toexamine the relationship between physical activity, exercise habits, body mass index, and fat mass percentage.
 Design and Methods: This study used an analytic observational cross-sectional design and 32 office workers in Surabaya aged 28-56 years were selected by simple random sampling technique. The data collected included measurements of physical activity, exercise habits, anthropometry, and body composition, which were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation test.
 Results: The results showed that 46.9% of participants had moderate activity, 43.8% exercised 1-2x a week, 56.3% exercised for 20-60 minutes, 56.30% had a low exercise intensity, 62.50% had an overweight body mass index, and 71.9% had overfat mass percentage. Spearman's rank test showed a significant relationship between energy intake, physical activity, exercise frequency, duration and intensity, and body mass index as well as between energy intake, physical activity, exercise intensity, and body fat percentage.
 Conclusions: Increased physical activity and exercise habits were associated with decreased BMI and body fat percentage.

Nature can still be the strongest help against aging and neurodegeneration: the sirtuins way.

Nature can still be the strongest help against aging and neurodegeneration: the sirtuins way.

PENYULUHAN HIPERGLIKEMIA DAN HIPERKOLESTEROLEMIA DI MASYARAKAT MUARA FAJAR PEKANBARU

Lifestyle changes can reduce health status in the community. Lack of public knowledge regarding the importance of maintaining glucose and cholesterol levels will lead to an increased risk of degenerative diseases. Supporting laboratories for early detection of degenerative diseases include examination of glucose and cholesterol. These examinations can help in preventing and early treatment to prevent degenerative diseases. This community service aimed to provide health education, conduct examinations related to hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia in the people of Muara Fajar Pekanbaru. Community service begin with problem analysis, preparation of proposals, implementation of activities. The community service was attended by 30 participants. The results of the examination were 23 participants had cholesterol levels 200 md/dL and 21 participants had glucose levels 200 md/dL. Based on the results of filling out the questionnaire, most people do not understand the dangers of hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. Based on the results of filling out the questionnaire, most people do not understand the dangers of hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. Counseling on the dangers of hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia given to the public was very useful. The public can understand the causes, signs, symptoms and risk factors of hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia.Keywords:Cholesterol, Hypercholesterolemia, Glucose, Hyperglycemia

Enhancement of The Participation of Elderly people in Posyandu Health Services in Sunggal District Towards Healthy Living

Elderly people have susceptible to degenerative diseases that increase with their age. In Sunggal District, the number of elderly people is quite high as much as 8759 people, however, elderly people who have utilized the posyandu health services are still low. This impacted on the risk of degenerative diseases. The aim of this activity was trained cadres of posyandu to improve their performance, monitor the health status of elderly people, and educate them on the importance of monitoring health status. In this activity, training was carried out for the cadres to improve their performance in the implementation of posyandu. From the health status examination of elderly people, we found that many elderly people have a risk of metabolic syndrome, 47.76% of elderly people with obese, 40.30% of elderly people with systolic hypertension and 28.36% with diastolic hypertension, 20.90% of elderly people with high blood glucose levels, and 32.84% of elderly people with high cholesterol. Health education regarding monitoring health status through posyandu health services and improvement of the performance of cadres in the implementation of posyandu is necessary to enhance the participation of the elderly people in healthy living. Furthermore, it was expected that the performance of cadres in the implementation of posyandu will increase and the elderly people will regularly check their health status.

Audio Visual And Poster As A Media To Improve Mothers’ Knowledge About Stunting During Covid-19 Pandemic

The incidence of stunting is a chronic nutritional problem experienced by more than half of children suffering from stunting in the world originating from Asia (55 percent) while more than one-third (39 percent) live in Africa. Children who suffer from stunting will be more susceptible to disease and as adults are at risk for degenerative diseases. The impact of stunting is not only in terms of health but also affects the level of intelligence of children. Stunting remains a serious National problem in Indonesia, even during the Covid-19 pandemic there was an increase in the stunting rate of 31.8% in 2020, this figure is still far above the World Health Organization (WHO) standard of 20%. Although the stunting prevalence rate in North Sulawesi is still below the national figure (31.8%) which is 25.5%, there are still areas with a fairly high prevalence of stunting, including North Minahasa Regency at 35%, and Kulu Village including those with a high prevalence of stunting. During the Covid-19 pandemic, where we have to implement social distancing, one way to increase public knowledge about stunting is through audio-visual and posters. This study aims to determine the effect of providing education through audio visuals and posters on mothers' knowledge about stunting during the Covid-19 pandemic in Kulu Village, North Minahasa Regency, Province of North Sulawesi, Indonesia. This is a quantitative research with a quasi-experiment two group pretest-posttest design. Group A was given an intervention using audio-visual and posters, while group B as a control was only given poster media. The population in this study were mothers in Kulu Village who had children under 5 years old (balita), with a sample of 40 mothers who were taken by purposive sampling method. The control and intervention groups were 20 mothers each. The results showed that there was a significant increase in knowledge about stunting in the intervention group, namely mothers using audio-visual and posters (100%), compared to the control group who only used posters (60%). Therefore, audio visuals and posters is highly recommended to be used as educational media during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The Relationship Between Material Knowledge About Child Nutrition and Stunting at The Age of 0-5 Years

Stunting is a problem that is found in many developing countries, especially in Indonesia. Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children caused by chronic malnutrition so that children are too short for their age and have a risk of intellectual decline and an increased risk of degenerative diseases in the future. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge about child nutrition and the incidence of stunting in children aged 0-5 years in Kelambir Village. This study used correlation analytical design with cross sectional approach. The population in this study was all parents who had stunted children aged 0-5 years. The sample was obtained using random sampling, which was as many as 90 people. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The results showed that most respondents had good knowledge about stunting, which was 57 respondents (63.3%). There is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge about stunting and nutrition of children aged 0-5 years in Kelambir Village, Pantai Labu District in 2022. Suggestion: Health education is very important in order to increase maternal knowledge about stunting and the importance of knowing nutrition in children aged 0-5 years.