Risk Factors For Osteoporosis Research Articles

Knowledge and Awareness of Osteoporosis and Its Risk Factors Among the Adult Population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study.

Osteoporosis is a medical condition that affects the bones, causing them to become weak and fragile. People with osteoporosis are at a higher risk for fractures, resulting in an increase in morbidity and mortality rates. Despite its high prevalence worldwide, osteoporosis remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, leading to significant public health concerns, especially in Saudi Arabia. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to assess the level of awareness of osteoporosis and its risk factors among the adult population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was distributed to a diverse, representative sample of 232 adults in Jeddah, covering demographic data, knowledge and awareness of osteoporosis and its risk factors, and lifestyle practices related to prevention and management. Data were analyzed using IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp., employing descriptive analysis, cross-tabulation, and chi-square tests to evaluate knowledge levels and associated factors. A total of 232 eligible adults participated, with a mean age of 35.6 ± 8.7 years. Most participants, 228 (98.3%), had heard of osteoporosis, and 137 (59.1%) had good overall knowledge of the disease. Key risk factors identified included calcium deficiency (210, 90.5%), increasing age (171, 73.7%), and family history (136, 58.6%). Although most participants accurately identified common risk factors, only 10.8% of participants consistently practiced a healthy and active lifestyle, highlighting the gap between awareness and preventive behaviors. Our study showed that gender (p-value = 0.049), educational level (p-value = 0.044), and whether the participant was diagnosed with or knew someone diagnosed with osteoporosis (p-value = 0.045) were statistically significant factors associated with the overall level of knowledge of osteoporosis in the participants. This study emphasized the need for targeted interventions to improve knowledge and promote healthier lifestyle habits among adults in Jeddah to reduce the burden of osteoporosis. Future efforts should focus on bridging the gap between awareness and preventive actions, emphasizing the importance of healthy lifestyle habits and knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors.

Identification of Risk Factors for Primary Osteoporosis: The Role of Cervical Ligament Ossification

Identification of Risk Factors for Primary Osteoporosis: The Role of Cervical Ligament Ossification

An analysis of the potential association between obstructive sleep apnea and osteoporosis from the perspective of transcriptomics and NHANES

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and osteoporosis (OP) are prevalent diseases in the elderly. This study aims to reveal the clinical association between OSA and OP and explore potential crosstalk gene targets.MethodsParticipants diagnosed with OSA in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2015–2020) were included, and OP was diagnosed based on bone mineral density (BMD). We explored the association between OSA and OP, and utilized multivariate logistic regression analysis and machine learning algorithms to explore the risk factors for OP in OSA patients. Overlapping genes of comorbidity were explored using differential expression analysis, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression, and Random Forest (RF) methods.ResultsIn the OSA population, the weighted prevalence of OP was 7.0%. The OP group had more females, lower body mass index (BMI), and more low/middle-income individuals compared to the non-OP group. Female gender and lower BMI were identified as independent risk factors for OP in OSA patients. Gene expression profiling revealed 8 overlapping differentially expressed genes in OP and OSA patients. KCNJ1, NPR3 and WT1-AS were identified as shared diagnostic biomarkers or OSA and OP, all of which are associated with immune cell infiltration.ConclusionThis study pinpointed female gender and lower BMI as OP risk factors in OSA patients, and uncovered three pivotal genes linked to OSA and OP comorbidity, offering fresh perspectives and research targets.

Prevalence and risk factors of osteopenia and osteoporosis among postmenopausal women: A cross-sectional study from Jordan.

Our aim was to predict the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis and their associated risk factors among postmenopausal women from Jordan. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 368 postmenopausal women were recruited from King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) in the North of Jordan between September 2022 and April 2023. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. T-score was used for osteoporosis diagnosis in accordance with the International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) guidelines. Data about sociodemographic and lifestyle variables were collected using face-to-face interviews. Medical records were used to retrieve participants' BMD information. Predictors of osteoporosis were identified using logistic regression. Prevalence of osteoporosis was 40.5%, while 44.6% of participants were diagnosed with osteopenia. The lumbar spine had the highest frequency of osteoporosis (30.4%), while the left femoral neck had the highest prevalence of osteopenia (46.3%). Postmenopausal women's age (p-value=.024), and history of chronic diseases (p-value=.038) were significant factors associated with increased osteoporosis risk. Postmenopausal women from Jordan had high prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia. It is therefore necessary to target risk factors leading to osteoporosis and to improve patients' lifestyles through patient education. Healthcare systems should consider early screening approaches for osteoporosis at the age of menopause and thereafter. Supplements of calcium and vitamin D may be routinely considered for this age group depending on their serum levels.

An exploration of the causal relationship between 731 immunophenotypes and osteoporosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomized study.

There are complex interactions between osteoporosis and the immune system, and it has become possible to explore their causal relationship based on Mendelian randomization methods. Utilizing openly accessible genetic data and employing Mendelian randomization analysis, we investigated the potential causal connection between 731 immune cell traits and the risk of developing osteoporosis. Ten immune cell phenotypes were osteoporosis protective factors and three immune cell phenotypes were osteoporosis risk factors. Specifically, the odds ratio (OR) of IgD+ CD24+ %B cell (B cell panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9986 (95% CI = 0.9978~0.9996, P<0.01). The OR of CD24+ CD27+ %B cell (B cell panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9991 (95% CI = 0.9984~0.9998, P = 0.021). The OR of CD33- HLA DR+AC (Myeloid cell panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9996 (95% CI = 0.9993~0.9999, P = 0.038). The OR of EM CD8br %CD8br (Maturation stages of T cell panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 1.0004 (95% CI = 1.0000~1.0008, P = 0.045). The OR of CD25 on IgD+ (B cell panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9995 (95% CI = 0.9991~0.9999, P = 0.024). The OR of CD25 on CD39+ activated Treg+ (Treg panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 1.001 (95% CI = 1.0001~1.0019, P = 0.038). The OR of CCR2 on CD62L+ myeloid DC (cDC panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9992 (95% CI = 0.9984~0.9999, P = 0.048). The OR of CCR2 on CD62L+ plasmacytoid DC (cDC panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9993 (95% CI = 0.9987~0.9999, P = 0.035). The OR of CD45 on CD33dim HLA DR+ CD11b- (Myeloid cell panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9988 (95% CI = 0.9977~0.9998, P = 0.031). The OR of CD45 on Mo MDSC (Myeloid cell panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9992 (95% CI = 0.9985~0.9998, P = 0.017). The OR of SSC-A on B cell (TBNK panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9986 (95% CI = 0.9972~0.9999, P = 0.042). The OR of CD11c on CD62L+ myeloid DC (cDC panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 0.9987 (95% CI = 0.9978~0.9996, P<0.01). The OR of HLA DR on DC (cDC panel) risk on Osteoporosis was estimated to be 1.0007 (95% CI = 1.0002~1.0011, P<0.01). No causal effect of osteoporosis on immune cells was observed. Our study identified 13 unreported immune phenotypes that are causally related to osteoporosis, providing a theoretical basis for the bone immunology doctrine.

The Role of Sport in Human Health: Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis

Introduction and purpose Osteoporosis is the most prevalent metabolic bone disease, characterized by diminished bone mineral density, compromised bone microarchitecture, and geometry, culminating in diminished bone strength and susceptibility to fractures. Physical activity posits potential as a preventive measure and therapeutic approach for osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of physical activity on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Materials and method In order to curate appropriate sources for this article, a comprehensive search was conducted within the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. A brief description of the state of knowledge One of the risk factors for osteoporosis is a lack of physical activity. For this reason, many scientists have decided to conduct some research to determine whether physical activity will have a beneficial impact on both the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. These studies show that physical activity can benefit people with osteoporosis by improving bone density, balance, strength, and overall physical function. Regular and long-term exercise is essential to maximize these benefits. Summary The studies conducted so far provide promising results and confirm the beneficial impact of physical exercises on people with osteoporosis as well as on the prevention of this disease. Exercises should be performed regularly and persistently.

Midregional Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide (MRproANP) is associated with vertebral fractures and low bone density in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

BackgroundPatients with COPD are often affected by loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporotic fractures. Natriuretic peptides (NP) are known as cardiac markers, but have also been linked to fragility-associated fractures in the elderly. As their functions include regulation of fluid and mineral balance, they also might affect bone metabolism, particularly in systemic disorders such as COPD.Research questionWe investigated the association between NP serum levels, vertebral fractures and BMD assessed by chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with COPD.MethodsParticipants of the COSYCONET cohort with CT scans were included. Mean vertebral bone density on CT (BMD-CT) as a risk factor for osteoporosis was assessed at the level of TH12 (AI-Rad Companion), and vertebral compression fractures were visually quantified by two readers. Their relationship with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), Mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MRproANP) and Midregional pro-adrenomedullin (MRproADM) was determined using group comparisons and multivariable analyses.ResultsAmong 418 participants (58% male, median age 64 years, FEV1 59.6% predicted), vertebral fractures in TH12 were found in 76 patients (18.1%). Compared to patients without fractures, these had elevated serum levels (p ≤ 0.005) of MRproANP and MRproADM. Using optimal cut-off values in multiple logistic regression analyses, MRproANP levels ≥ 65 nmol/l (OR 2.34; p = 0.011) and age (p = 0.009) were the only significant predictors of fractures after adjustment for sex, BMI, smoking status, FEV1% predicted, SGRQ Activity score, daily physical activity, oral corticosteroids, the diagnosis of cardiac disease, and renal impairment. Correspondingly, MRproANP (p < 0.001), age (p = 0.055), SGRQ Activity score (p = 0.061) and active smoking (p = 0.025) were associated with TH12 vertebral density.InterpretationMRproANP was a marker for osteoporotic vertebral fractures in our COPD patients from the COSYCONET cohort. Its association with reduced vertebral BMD on CT and its known modulating effects on fluid and ion balance are suggestive of direct effects on bone mineralization.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01245933, Date of registration: 18 November 2010.

Mechanisms of osteoporosis associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms due to inflammatory and destructive changes of the lung leading to progressive airflow obstruction. Fragility fractures associated with osteoporosis are among major comorbidities and have significant impacts on quality of life and prognosis of patients with COPD. Evidence suggests that both decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and impaired bone quality contribute to bone fragility and resultant fractures in COPD. Although various clinical risk factors of osteoporosis have been described, mechanisms of COPD-associated osteoporosis are still largely unknown. In addition, its specific treatment has not been established, either. Previous studies have suggested involvement of low BMI and sarcopenia in the pathogenesis of COPD-associated osteoporosis. In this narrative review, we will propose critical roles of vitamin D deficiency and inflammation, both of which are often present in COPD and may underlie the development of osteosarcopenia and impaired bone quality, ultimately causing fractures in COPD patients.

Investigation of prevalence rate of osteoporosis and analysis of its influencing factors in older adults in Jiuting Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai City

To explore the prevalence and related risk factors of osteoporosis (OP) in the elderly ≥60 years old in Jiuting Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai City. A total of 2 175 local residents aged ≥60 years old who participated in the questionnaire survey at the physical examination center of Jiuting Community Health Service Center, Songjiang District, Shanghai City from July 2021 to December 2022 were selected by a cross-sectional study with multi-stage sampling method. Questionnaire survey, blood test and bone mineral density (BMD) test were conducted.The differences in all the parameters among the elderly with different bone mass level were analyzed using t-test, chi-square test, binary logistic regression was used to screen the potential risk factors of OP.The results showed that the prevalence of OP in the elderly aged≥60 years old in Jiuting Town was 45.89%.The prevalence of OP increased gradually with the advanced age. The prevalence rate of male was significantly lower than that of female(χ2=211.94, P<0.01).Single factor analysis showed that Dairy products(χ2=9.01, P<0.05), taking calcium(χ2=42.88, P<0.05), physical exercise(χ2=24.73, P<0.05), exercise time(χ2=76.40, P<0.05) and sun exposure(χ2=55.71, P<0.05) were the protective factors for osteoporosis. Multifactor analysis showed that female(wald χ2=71.46, P<0.001) were the risk factors for osteoporosis. The age of the osteoporosis group was older than that of the non-osteoporosis group [osteoporosis group (72.47±6.89) years old, non-osteoporosis group (68.73±6.34) years old, and the difference was statistically significant, t=-11.67, P<0.05]. The waist circumference, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (CR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid (UA) in the non-osteoporosis group were higher than those in the osteoporosis group, and the difference was statistically significant (all P<0.05). The levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)[osteoporosis group (1.34±0.35) mol/L, non-osteoporosis group (1.41±0.35) mol/L, t=-4.51, P<0.05] and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)[osteoporosis group (88.46±25.65) mol/L, osteoporosis group (94.56±32.32) mol/L, t=-4.79, P<0.05] in the osteoporosis group were lower than those in the non-osteoporosis group.Low awareness of the knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors(smoking, drinking coffee, high salt and drinking alcohol are 47.28%, 24.15%, 47.79% and 44.90%, respectively), diagnosis and treatment(The symptoms, prognosis, screening methods, medication time and follow-up screening time of osteoporosis were 26.87%, 17.88%, 21.77%, 6.65% and 15.99%, respectivel) and prevention(exercise mode, high calcium food, optimal age of calcium supplementation, the effect of vitamin D on OP, and the appropriate amount of milk to prevent osteoporosis were 33.16%, 42.01%, 13.27%, 12.07%, 9.01%, respectively) were in Jiuting Town. In conclusion, the prevalent rate of OP in the elderly ≥60 years old in Jiuting Town is 45.89%.The main risk factors are female and advanced age. Drinking tea, dairy products, combination of meat and vegetable, taking calcium, physical exercise and sun exposure were the protective factors for osteoporosis. The awareness rate of osteoporosis related knowledge is low, and health education should be strengthened in order to control and prevent the occurrence and development of osteoporosis.

Mitochondria-DNA copy-number in osteoporosis and osteoarthritis among middle-aged women - A population-based cohort study

BackgroundMitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is associated with aging. A relationship between mtDNA-CN and degenerative disorders, e.g. osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP), has been suggested. We aimed to investigate the relationship of mtDNA-CN and incident OA and OP. Materials and methodsMtDNA-CN was studied in relationship to incident OA and OP in a population-based cohort study of 6916 middle-aged women (52–63 years). Totally 2521 women with sufficient quality of mtDNA were analyzed. After exclusions, 1978 women remained in the study population. Four different endpoints obtained from the National Patient register were studied: 1) OA, 2) OP 3) OA surgery, and 4) OP fracture. In the multivariate model adjustments were made for potential OA and OP risk factors. ResultsWomen with low mtDNA-CN were older and had more activity at work. 125 women (6.32%) were affected by incident OP and 254 women (12.84%) had an OP fracture. Incident OA affected 451 women (22.80%) and 175 women (8.85%) had OA surgery. There were no associations between mtDNA-CN and incident risk of OA (Hazard ratio ​= ​1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.83–1.20), OA surgery (0.79, 0.58–1.07), OP (0.89, 0.62–1.27), or OP fracture (1.00, 0.78–1.29). However, incident OP was significantly associated with T-score (bone density), smoking, diabetes mellitus, and chronic obstructive bronchitis (COPD). OA was associated with body mass index and COPD. ConclusionsThe present study suggests that mtDNA-CN, reflecting mitochondrial dysfunction, is not a major predictor for incident OA or OP. However, due to the limited study size minor associations cannot be excluded.

Exogenous iron caused osteocyte apoptosis, increased RANKL production, and stimulated bone resorption through oxidative stress in a murine model

Iron overload is a risk factor for osteoporosis due to its oxidative toxicity. Previous studies have demonstrated that an excessive amount of iron increases osteocyte apoptosis and receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) production, which stimulates osteoclast differentiation in vitro. However, the effects of exogenous iron supplementation-induced iron overload on osteocytes in vivo and its role in iron overload-induced bone loss are unknown. This work aimed to develop an iron overloaded murine model of C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal administration of iron dextran for two months. The iron levels in various organs, bone, and serum, as well as the microstructure and strength of bone, apoptosis of osteocytes, oxidative stress in bone tissue, and bone formation and resorption, were assessed. The results showed that 2 months of exogenous iron supplementation significantly increased iron levels in the liver, spleen, kidney, bone tissue, and serum. Iron overload negatively affected bone microstructure and strength. Osteocyte apoptosis and empty lacunae rate were elevated by exogenous iron. Iron overload upregulated RANKL expression but had no significant impact on osteoprotegerin (OPG) and sclerostin levels. Static and dynamic histologic analyses and serum biochemical assay showed that iron overload increased bone resorption without significantly affecting bone formation. Exogenous iron promoted oxidative stress in osteocytes in vivo and in vitro. Additional supplementation of iron chelator (deferoxamine) or N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) partially alleviated bone loss, osteocyte apoptosis, osteoclast formation, and oxidative stress due to iron overload. These findings, in line with prior in vitro studies, suggest that exogenous iron supplementation induces osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis by promoting osteocyte apoptosis and RANKL production via oxidative stress.

Potential Predictive of Thoracic CT Value and Bone Mineral Density T-Value in COPD Complicated with Osteoporosis.

COPD, combined with Osteoporosis, has a high incidence and potential for great harm. Choosing an optimal diagnostic method to achieve bone mineral density (BMD) screening is crucial for COPD patients. Studies on COPD patients with BMD reduction are lacking. To identify the risk factors of BMD reduction and osteoporosis in COPD patients. We included a total of 81 patients with AECOPD, who were admitted to the hospital from July 1, 2019, to January 31, 2020. Patients were grouped into BMD normal group, BMD reduced group and OP group. The areas under ROC curve were used to explore the value of CT values in the diagnosis of bone abnormality, and clinical indicators were collected. The CT value of the vertebral cancellous bone is highly correlated with the T value of BMD (R > 5.5, P < 0.0001). Using multivariate Logistic regression analysis, we showed that COPD duration, BMI, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and long-term inhaled glucocorticoid were independent factors affecting different BMD levels in COPD patients. No significant difference in bone formation indexes between groups. β-crossL was negatively correlated with serum IL-6 (r=-0.254, P=0.022), and ALP was positively correlated with serum TNF-α (r=0.284, P=0.023). Thoracolumbar vertebral cancellous bone CT has potential value in the diagnosis of bone abnormality. COPD duration, BMI, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and long-term inhaled glucocorticoid may contribute to the BMD reduction in COPD patients, and serum IL-6 and TNF-α regulate bone metabolism in COPD patients.

Disulfidptosis-related Protein RPN1 may be a Novel Anti-osteoporosis Target of Kaempferol.

Osteoporosis (OP) is an age-related skeletal disease. Kaempferol can regulate bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis to improve OP, but its mechanism related to disulfidptosis, a newly discovered cell death mechanism, remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the biological function and immune mechanism of disulfidptosis- related ribophorin I (RPN1) in OP and to experimentally confirm that RPN1 is the target for the treatment of OP with kaempferol. Differential expression analysis was conducted on disulfide-related genes extracted from the GSE56815 and GSE7158 datasets. Four machine learning algorithms identified disease signature genes, with RPN1 identified as a significant risk factor for OP through the nomogram. Validation of RPN1 differential expression in OP patients was performed using the GSE56116 dataset. The impact of RPN1 on immune alterations and biological processes was explored. Predictive ceRNA regulatory networks associated with RPN1 were generated via miRanda, miRDB, and TargetScan databases. Molecular docking estimated the binding model between kaempferol and RPN1. The targeting mechanism of kaempferol on RPN1 was confirmed through pathological HE staining and immunohistochemistry in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. RPN1 was abnormally overexpressed in the OP cohort, associated with TNF signaling, hematopoietic cell lineage, and NF-kappa B pathway. Immune infiltration analysis showed a positive correlation between RPN1 expression and CD8+ T cells and resting NK cells, while a negative correlation with CD4+ naive T cells, macrophage M1, T cell gamma delta, T cell follicular helper cells, activated mast cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells, was found. Four miRNAs and 17 lncRNAs associated with RPN1 were identified. Kaempferol exhibited high binding affinity (-7.2 kcal/mol) and good stability towards the RPN1. The experimental results verified that kaempferol could improve bone microstructure destruction and reverse the abnormally high expression of RPN1 in the femur of ovariectomized rats. RPN1 may be a new diagnostic biomarker in patients with OP, and may serve as a new target for kaempferol to improve OP.

Racial Comparisons Of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Between African American And Caucasian Women

Background: Osteoporosis is a chronic degenerative metabolic disease of the skeletal system characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD), leading to fragile bones prone to fractures. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is particularly prevalent due to the decline in estrogen levels, a hormone essential for maintaining bone health. This study aims to compare the incidence and risk factors of postmenopausal osteoporosis between African American and Caucasian women, focusing on differences in BMD, risk factors, and the effectiveness of screening and treatment methods. Methods and Materials: This research was conducted at the Southeastern Medical Center, Texas, involving 1,000 postmenopausal women aged 60 or older, with equal representation of 500 African American and 500 Caucasian women. Data collection included demographic information, medical history, and BMD measurements using the General Electric LUNAR DPXIQ Model 2288 DEXA device. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and Fisher's assessment tests to evaluate risk factors such as alcohol intake, smoking, medication usage, and comorbidities. BMI and age evaluations were systematized, and the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines were used to classify osteoporosis and osteopenia. Results: The study revealed that Caucasian women had higher alcohol intake, family history of fractures, and greater use of vitamins, calcium, and hormonal treatments compared to African American women. Conversely, African American women exhibited higher rates of comorbidities like diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, kidney diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis. Despite starting menopause with higher BMD levels, African American women were less likely to be prescribed medication for low BMD. Screening rates and adherence to recommended treatments also varied significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: The findings highlight significant racial disparities in the incidence, risk factors, and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Increasing awareness about osteoporosis and promoting lifestyle modifications such as diet, exercise, and cessation of smoking and alcohol consumption can help mitigate these disparities. Future research should focus on developing targeted interventions to improve screening and treatment adherence among African American women, addressing the specific challenges they face in managing bone health.

Motivation and Barriers for Seeking Osteoporosis Screening Services Among the Elderly Population in Al-Madina Munawara.

Background Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease associated with a reduction in bone mass and an increased risk of fractures. The prevalence of osteoporosis is rising globally, including in Saudi Arabia, where there is a lack of information regarding the uptake of osteoporosis screening services. This study aims to examine self-efficacy and barriers toward osteoporosis screening in older women and men in Al-Madina Munawara, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults aged 60 and above who attended primary healthcare centers. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic characteristics, osteoporosis status, general health-related characteristics, and screening self-efficacy. Analyses included multivariable regression analyses to evaluate the association between osteoporosis screening self-efficacy and potential explanatory variables. Data were collected in the last quarter of 2023. Results In a study involving 342 completed questionnaires, the mean age of participants was 66.2 years (SD = 4.3), with a range from 60 to 79 years, and the majority were male (230, 67.3%), having chronic diseases (226, 66.3%). Regarding osteoporosis risk factors and screening behaviors, the majority did not use prednisolone (252, 74.1%), did not have a family history of osteoporosis (216, 63.2%), had not experienced falls in the past five years (223, 65.2%), and had not undergone osteoporosis screening (299, 87.4%). The mean self-efficacy score for osteoporosis screening was 37.7 (SD = 4.7), ranging from 10 to 50, which indicated a moderate level of screening self-efficacy. In multivariate analysis, smokers were more likely to have higher scores in self-efficacy for osteoporosis screening compared to non-smokers (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.21). Participants who did osteoporosis screening (RR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.24) and those who were planning to do osteoporosis screening (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.19) were more likely to have higher score in self-efficacy for osteoporosis screening compared to their counterparts. Conclusion The participants had a fair level of screening self-efficacy. The smokers and those who had undergone or planned to undertake osteoporosis screening demonstrated higher self-efficacy scores than others. A lot of progress could be made in decreasing the burden of osteoporosis and enhancing the overall health and well-being of the older population by addressing these issues using specific interventions and policy measures.

Develop a bone mineral density T-score distribution nomograms based on osteoporosis risk factors for middle-aged and older adults

PurposeThis study aimed to understand how age, health status, and lifestyle impact bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged and older adults, focusing on predicting osteoporosis risk. MethodsThis study included 2836 participants aged 50–88 from the Health Improvement Program of Bone (HOPE) conducted from 2021 to 2023. We used logistic regression to make a prediction tool. Then checked its accuracy and reliability using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves. ResultsFactors like age, body weight, prior fractures, and smoking were independently found to affect BMD T-score distribution in men. In women, age and body weight were identified as independent factors influencing BMD T-score distribution. A nomogram was created to visually illustrate these predictive relationships. ConclusionsThe nomogram proved highly accurate in identifying men aged 50 and above and postmenopausal women based on their BMD T-score distribution, improving clinical decision-making and patient care in osteoporosis evaluation and treatment.

Osteoporosis and fracture risk are multifactorial in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (iRMDs) such as rheumatoid arthritis, connective tissue diseases, vasculitides and spondyloarthropathies are at a higher risk of osteoporosis and fractures than areindividuals without iRMDs. Research and management recommendations for osteoporosis in iRMDs often focus on glucocorticoids as the most relevant risk factor, but theylargely ignore disease-related and general risk factors. However, the aetiopathogenesis of osteoporosis in iRMDs has many facets, including the negative effects on bone health of local and systemic inflammation owing to disease activity, other iRMD-specific risk factors such as disability or malnutrition (for example, malabsorption in systemic sclerosis), and general risk factors such as older age and hormonal loss resulting from menopause. Moreover, factors that can reduce fracture risk, such as physical activity, healthy nutrition, vitamin D supplementation and adequate treatment of inflammation, are variably present in patients with iRMDs. Evidence relating to general and iRMD-specific protective and risk factors for osteoporosis indicate that the established and very often used term 'glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis' oversimplifies the complex inter-relationships encountered in patients with iRMDs. Osteoporosis in these patients should instead be described as 'multifactorial'. Consequently, a multimodal approach to the management of osteoporosis is required. This approach should include optimal control of disease activity, minimization of glucocorticoids, anti-osteoporotic drug treatment, advice on physical activity and nutrition,and prevention of falls, as well as the management of other risk and protective factors, thereby improving the bone health of these patients.

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

Introduction: in hemodialysis patients. Osteoporosis associated with kidney disease chronic is a complex entity with significant morbidity and mortality relative to risk of fracture. Its prevalence is high, but the incrimination of clinical and biological factors remains poorly identified. The purpose of our study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with osteoporosis. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 40 chronic hemodialysis patients for at least 6 months. All subjects underwent a bone mineral density (BMD) assay with dual-energy x-rays absorptiometry (DXA) at the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). Data were statistically analyzed by means of descriptive analysis. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the T-score to define the osteoporotic (t score≤-2.5) and the no-osteoporotic (t score&gt;-2.5). The search for the risk factors studied [age, duration of hemodialysis, parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatases (ALP), and calcification of the abdominal aorta (AAC)] has been carried out by logistic regression. Results: The average age was 59 ± 16 years, 47% were women, and the median of hemodialysis duration was 54 months. The prevalence of osteoporosis at the lumbar spine was 27.5% and at the femoral neck was 32.5%. Regarding risk factors, at the LS, the factors associated with osteoporosis retained in the univariate analysis were age (p=0.034), PTH (p=0.024), AAC (p=0.024), ALP (p=0.027) and in the multivariate analysis, only PTH was significantly associated (p=0.019). At the FN; The factors associated with osteoporosis retained in analysis univariate were age (p = 0.03), AAC (p = 0.01), ALP (p=0.04) and in analysis multivariate was the APL (p= 0.035). Conclusion: Osteoporosis is associated with turnover abnormalities. We suggest that regular screening for fracture risk using DXA and early correction of the disorders.

Optimal body mass index for protecting middle-aged and elderly patients with fatty liver from future fractures.

Previous studies have suggested that body mass index (BMI) should be considered when assessing the relationship between fatty liver (FL) and osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate future fracture events in people with FL, focusing on the effect of BMI in both sexes. This retrospective cohort study from 2011 to 2019 enrolled 941 people, including 441 women and 500 men, aged 50 years or older who underwent liver imaging (ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance image) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA, for bone mineral density measurements). The study examined predictors of osteoporosis in both sexes, and the effect of different ranges of BMI (18.5-24, 24-27, and ≥27 kg/m2 in women; 18.5-24, 24-27, 27-30 and ≥30 kg/m2 in men) on the risk of future fractures in FL patients. The average follow-up period was 5.3 years for women and 4.2 years for men. Multivariate analysis identified age and BMI as independent risk factors for osteoporosis in both sexes. Each unit increase in BMI decreased the risk of osteoporosis by ≥10%. In both women and men with FL, a BMI of 24-27 kg/m2 offered protection against future fractures, compared to those without FL and with a BMI of 18.5-24 kg/m2. The protective effect of a higher BMI against future fractures in middle-aged and elderly women and men with FL is not uniform and decreases beyond certain BMI ranges.

AKT question relating to risk factors for osteoporosis

AKT question relating to risk factors for osteoporosis