Risk Factors For Hip Pain Research Articles

Factors associated with hip pain in end-stage renal disease patients on prevalent hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundHemodialysis (HD) patients suffer from musculoskeletal disorders. The most reported musculoskeletal problem is arthralgia. Hip arthralgia has been commonly reported in patients undergoing HD. Hip pain can lead to a decrease in levels of physical activity, limitation in joint range of motion, and consequently difficulties in performing activities of daily living (ADL) and impair the quality of life (QoL). The aim of the study is to reveal the prevalence of hip pain and related factors in HD patients. This cross-sectional study included 73 patients on prevalent HD whose ages ranged from 25 to 65 years and who were on HD for more than 6 months. Physical examination and radiological imaging were done to every patient. Visual analog scale, Barthel Index, and Short Form-36 were used to evaluate pain, ADL, and QoL, respectively.ResultsHip arthralgia was detected in 32 patients. Around 43% of which were diagnosed hip osteoarthritis, 34% greater trochanteric pain syndrome, 15% femoroacetabular impingement, and 6% soft tissue calcifications. Diabetes mellitus and hemodialysis duration were found to be significantly different between the groups of hip pain and without hip pain. Diabetes mellitus was identified as an independent risk factor for hip pain in hemodialysis patients. ADL and QoL were significantly lower in patients with hip pain compared to those without (p < 0.01; p < 0.05, respectively).ConclusionsThe results of our research show that HD patients should be screened for the presence of hip pain and other musculoskeletal disorders and that this is an area which requires further consideration and medical research.

Hip pain in adolescents with cerebral palsy: a population-based longitudinal study.

AimTo investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of hip pain in adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) and compare the findings with those of the same individuals 5 years earlier.MethodSixty‐seven adolescents (28 females, 39 males; mean age 14y 7mo; SD 1y 5mo; range 12–17y) with bilateral CP, in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III to V enrolled in a CP surveillance programme were assessed for hip pain. Their caregivers responded to the questions on the intensity and frequency of hip pain from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) (transformed to CHQ hip pain score; 100 indicates no pain). Interference of hip pain with daily activities and sleep was recorded on numeric rating scales. Hip displacement was measured radiographically by the migration percentage.ResultsTwenty‐eight participants had 44 painful hips. Their mean CHQ hip pain score was 40 (SD 21.4; range 10–80). Independent risk factors for hip pain, low CHQ hip pain score, and interference with sleep were severe hip subluxation (migration percentage 50–89%) and GMFCS level V. A migration percentage of 50% to 89% was the only independent risk factor for interference with daily activities. Over 5 years, the number of participants with hip pain increased from 18 to 28, while the mean migration percentage of the most displaced hip was unchanged.InterpretationOur CP hip surveillance programme did not protect the participants against increasing prevalence of hip pain during adolescence. We suggest that surveillance programmes for CP should include guidelines on the characteristics and management of hip pain.What this paper adds Hip pain prevalence increased in adolescents over a 5‐year period in a cerebral palsy surveillance programme.Risk factors for hip pain were Gross Motor Function Classification System level V and severe hip subluxation.

Ultrasound Alpha Angles and Hip Pain and Function in Female Elite Adolescent Ballet Dancers.

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common anatomical variant in ballet dancers. Cam morphology (a subtype of FAI) and increased alpha angles have been identified as risk factors for hip pain. Ultrasound has recently been used to measure alpha angles in the diagnosis of cam morphology, but its utility remains understudied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasound measured alpha angles on hip pain and function scores in elite female adolescent ballet dancers. The alpha angles of 25 dancers (mean age: 15.9 years) were measured using ultrasound and calculated with ImageJ Software. Cam morphology was defined by alpha angles of 60° or greater. Participants rated their hip pain and function using the International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT-12) survey. For normally distributed variables, the independent t-test was performed, and for abnormally distributed variables, the Mann-Whitney U Test. Along with mean and standard deviation (SD) values, median score, interquartile range (IQR), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were also analyzed. Significantly lower iHOT-12 scores were found in dancers with alpha angles ≥ 60° (mean ± SD, 74.34 ± 13.01; 95% CIs, 58.18, 90.50, median 67.20; IQR, 18.55), compared to dancers with alpha angles < 60° (mean ± SD, 80.22 ± 15.65; 95% CIs, 72.90, 87.54; median, 81.60; IQR, 16.35; p = 0.001). It is concluded that: 1. elite female adolescent ballet dancers with alpha angles higher than 60° experienced worse hip pain and function; 2. alpha angles may impact hip pain and function in these dancers; and 3. further studies should use a prospective design to investigate the predictive ability of their findings.

THE ROLE of a BIKE FIT in CYCLISTS with HIP PAIN. A CLINICAL COMMENTARY.

Hip pathology is common amongst athletes and the general population. The mechanics of cycling have the potential to exacerbate symptomatic hip pathology and progress articular pathology in patients with morphologic risk factors such as femoroacetabular impingement. A professional fit of the bicycle to the individual which aims to optimize hip joint function can allow patients with hip pathology to exercise in comfort when alternative high impact exercise such as running may not be possible. Conversely improper fit of the bicycle can lead to hip symptoms in otherwise healthy individuals who present with risk factors for hip pain. Accordingly a bike fit can form part of the overall management strategy in a cyclist with hip symptoms. The purpose of this clinical commentary is to discuss hip pathomechanics with respect to cycling, bicycle fitting methodology and the options available to a physical therapist to optimize hip mechanics during the pedaling action.

Hip pain in children with cerebral palsy: a population-based registry study of risk factors

BackgroundHip pain is prevalent in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Hip displacement is a known risk factor for hip pain. However, many children do not have displaced hips but still have hip pain and the aetiologies are poorly understood. The aims of this study were to investigate: 1. the prevalence of hip pain related to age, gender, gross motor function, degree of hip displacement and 2. the associations between hip pain and age, gender, gross motor function, degree of hip displacement, ranges of hip and knee motion (ROM) and degree of spasticity in the muscles around the hip.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional retrospective register study based on data from the Swedish follow-up programme and national healthcare registry CPUP, which includes > 95% of children with CP in Sweden. The participants were born in 2000 or later and 4–16 years of age. Data from the latest examination were used. In Aim 1, the prevalence of hip pain was calculated using frequencies and crosstabs. Differences between groups were calculated using chi-square tests and independent samples t-tests. In Aim 2, associations between hip pain and the variables were analysed using logistic regression.ResultsThe overall prevalence of hip pain was 7%. No significant gender difference was found. Hip pain prevalence increased with age, lower gross motor function and higher degree of hip displacement. The median migration percentage (MP) in painful hips was 26%, compared to 21% in hips where pain was not reported. In the multivariable analysis, significant associations with hip pain were found for MP > 30% and decreased ROM in abduction, flexion and inwards rotation of the hip (p < 0.05).ConclusionHip displacement was associated with hip pain. However, hip displacement was not present in the majority of painful hips. In addition to hip displacement, decreased ROM was also associated with hip pain.

Cumulative Effects of Occupational Loading as a Risk Factor for Hip Pain in UK Military Personnel - Study Protocol of a Case Control Study

Cumulative Effects of Occupational Loading as a Risk Factor for Hip Pain in UK Military Personnel - Study Protocol of a Case Control Study

Relationship between physical activity and hip pain in persons with and without cam or pincer morphology: a population-based case-control study.

The purpose of the study was to determine if physical activity (PA) is a risk factor for persistent or recurrent hip pain in young and middle-aged persons with and without radiographic findings of cam or pincer morphology (CPM). A population sample of persons aged 20-49 with (cases) and without (controls) hip pain in Metro Vancouver, Canada, was selected through random digit dialing (RDD). Self-reported PA was expressed as average energy expenditure (MET-hours) per year, over lifetime. CPM was defined as alpha angle >55°, lateral centre edge angle (LCE) >40°, or positive cross-over sign. Data were obtained for 500 subjects, 269 cases and 231 controls. Prevalence of radiographic CPM was 49% in the cases and 44% in the controls. In a logistic regression model adjusted for age, gender and CPM, total lifetime PA, including occupational, domestic and recreational activities, was significantly associated with hip pain (Odds ratio (OR) 1.30 per 1000 MET-hours, 95% CI 1.15-1.38). The effect of total PA was observed in those with CPM (1.44, 1.17-1.78) and without CPM (1.23, 1.04-1.45). For domestic activities, the association was seen only in those with CPM (significant interaction). When PA was categorized into quartiles, higher levels of PA were associated with a greater risk of pain. PA, as measured by average energy expenditure over lifetime is a risk factor for hip pain in young and middle-aged persons. For some activities, the risk is likely increased in persons with radiographic evidence of CPM.

Risk factors predicting hip pain in a 5-year prospective cohort study.

The aim of the study was to identify and quantify risk factors for hip pain. A representative sample of 5001 Danish men and women aged 18-65 years in 1990 were interviewed about occupational exposures (response rate 90%); 5 years later they were reinterviewed about hip pain (response rate 86%). Logistic regression with forced entry of all the independent variables was used to estimate the odds ratios for the possible risk factors. The impact of the various predictors was assessed through the calculation of population etiologic fractions. A double risk of hip pain was found for the women as compared with the men [odds ratio (OR) 2.28, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.68-3.09]. The risk increased with body mass index. Whole-body vibration (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.09-2.71) and physically demanding work (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.23-2.71) were strong predictors of hip pain, while a squatting work posture was protective (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.98). The impact of the statistically significant predictors (the etiologic fractions) was as follows: 0.49 for body mass index, 0.05 for whole body vibration, 0.10 for physically demanding work, and 0.32 for squatting (preventive). Female gender, age, high body mass index, whole-body vibration, and physically demanding work are significant risk factors for hip pain.