Rise Of Ideology Research Articles

Islam and Palestine: The Rise of Ideology in the Midst of Conflict

The article aims to examine the escalation of the rise of Islamic ideology in Palestine after previously being threatened with dimming due to the fall of Ottoman Turkey. Then new ideologies such as nationalism, secularism, and communism were born that made Muslims skeptical of their own ideology. This research uses literature study methods, political and historical approaches. The results of the study explain the ideology that developed in the mid-19th century that influenced global political currents. how great was the impact of the collapse of Ottoman Turkey on the fall of Palestine and the dimming of Islamic ideology. The reality of Islamic ideology that contributes greatly to the struggle for Palestinian independence. After a long journey, Islamic ideology has given us concrete proof that this ideology will always exist and is capable of compromising global political dynamics. Abstrak:. Artikel bertujuan untuk mengkaji eskalasi kebangkitan ideologi Islam di Palestina setelah sebelumnya terancam redup akibat jatuhnya Turki Ottoman. kemudian lahirlah ideologi baru seperti nasionalisme, sekularisme, komunisme yang membuat umat Islam skeptis terhadap ideologi mereka sendiri. penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka, pendekatan politik dan sejarah. hasil penelitian menjelaskan mengenai ideologi yang berkembang pada pertengahan abad ke-19 yang mempengaruhi arus politik global. bagaimana besarnya dampak runtuhnya Turki Utsmaniyah terhadap jatuhnya Palestina dan redupnya ideologi Islam. Realitas ideologi Islam yang berkontribusi besar terhadap perjuangan kemerdekaan Palestina. Setelah perjalanan panjang, ideologi Islam telah memberi kita bukti nyata bahwa ideologi ini akan selalu ada dan mampu berkompromi dengan dinamika politik global. Kata kunci: Ideologi, Turki Ottoman, Palestina

A New Generation, a New Political Action: Terrorism in Romania (1920–1940)

In the 1920s Romania underwent a major political, cultural, and social change. A new generation of young people attended universities and started being involved in political life in a bigger country where access to civil and political rights was granted to all citizens. Influenced by the international context characterized by the rise of ideologies and by the habit of violence inherited from the Great War, a part of them considered terrorism as a possible instrument of action. Corneliu Zelea Codreanu’s movement was the main representative of such an attitude. Political homicides were not only a settling of scores, also transmitting the message that there was a justice that was superior to that imposed by law and it was based on the authentical values of Romanian identity. After the death of Codreanu, the Iron Guard, led by Horia Sima, did not give up terrorism, but it became a conscious method of political action with the aim of destabilizing and creating a climate of uncertainty and terror.

Towards the New Paradigm of Existence, Human to Posthuman: Reflections on Subash Chandran’s A Preface to Man.

The term “Posthumanism” is a contemporary theoretical term put forward by researchers with disciplinary backgrounds in philosophy, science and technology and literary studies, for these groups, Posthumanism designates a series of breaks with foundational assumptions of modern Western culture. It claims to offer a new epistemology that is not anthropocentric and therefore not centred in Cartesian dualism. It seeks to undermine the traditional boundaries between the human, the animal, and the technological. The postmodern theorist Ihab Hassan coined the term and offered a seminal definition in an article entitled "Prometheus as Performer: Towards a Posthumanist Culture?". As its name suggests, a defining characteristic of Posthumanism is its rejection of the values held on top by the traditional Western Humanism. In the words of Rosi Braidotti, “From Protagoras’ assertion that it is “the measure of all things”, to Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man, the privileging of the human instils a set of “mental, discursive and spiritual values” (13). This notion comes to form the basis for political policies of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe. Man is understood as an “intrinsically moral” being, functioning as a kind of vessel for perfect rationality and reason. Armed with these tools, man is capable of a limitless expansion toward his own perfection, and entitled to claim, as his own, whatever objects or others he encounters along the way. This privileging of man as the centre of everything is what Posthumanism aims to attack. Hassan says that posthuman does not mean the literal end of man but the end of an image of man shaped by Descartes, Thomas More and Erasmus. Braidotti in her book The Posthuman outlines that with the rise of ideologies like Fascism and Communism, Humanism started its ascending in the 1960s and 70s. Both these former ideologies represent a significant break from European Humanism: Fascism promoted a “ruthless” departure from the Enlightenment reverence for human reason, while Communism advocated a “communitarian notion of humanist solidarity” (17).

The global transformation, multiple early modernities, and international systems change

This article critically engages the Global Transformation thesis through the lens of multiple early modernities. The 19th century undeniably saw a profound shift in the global mode of power, driven by industrialization, rational state-building, and the rise of ideologies of progress. But this triad impacted on regions that had already been reconfigured by an early modern Eurasian Transformation, centered on an ‘industrious revolution’, absolutist state-building, and the spread of ‘civilizing processes’. This Eurasian Transformation yielded distinct early modernities and regional orders, which fundamentally conditioned the nature, extent, impact, and legacy of later Western expansion. Acknowledging the diversity of these early modern orders enhances our understanding of the variance in patterns of order reconfiguration that attended the Global Transformation. Equally, it strengthens the case for reconceptualizing international systems change as encompassing reconfiguration as much as revolutionary transformation. This cautions against thinking of ‘great transformations’ in world politics as constituting radically discontinuous breaks with the past.

The End of History, the Rise of Ideology, and the Future of Democracy on the Korean Peninsula

Almost exactly a half-century following the outbreak of the Korean War, South Korea president Kim Dae-jung made a historic visit to Pyongyang for the first-ever summit meeting between the leaders of the two Koreas in June of 2000. A decade following the collapse of communism in the rest of the world, Kim's journey would inevitably be judged in history as a potential starting point for the end of inter-Korean confrontation. Three days following direct, broad-ranging discussions with his counterpart, Kim Jong Il, Kim Dae-jung confidently returned to Seoul with an inter-Korean summit declaration promising enhanced efforts at reconciliation and inter-Korean exchange. Upon his return to Seoul, Kim Dae-jung declared that there would be “no more war” on the Korean Peninsula. The next task was to institutionalize an array of exchanges and inter-Korean interactions designed eventually to lead to national reconciliation.

The Rise of Ideology in the Post-New Deal Party System, 1972-1992

Scholars argue that the social structural basis of the party system in the United States developed during the New Deal era has weakened, resulting in an increasing tendency for ideology to shape partisan support. We test this proposition by examining the role of ideology in the formation of partisanship in the United States over the last two decades. We find that, over the last 20 years, ideology has played an increasing role in shaping partisanship, one that cuts across traditional New Deal social group cleavages.