Rise Of Agriculture Research Articles

Smart Irrigation System using IOT

The majority of nations rely heavily on agriculture to power their economies. A nation's growth is mostly dependent on agriculture, notably for people's livelihood and the production of food and other raw resources. The rise of agriculture is the main driver of a nation's economy. One type of irrigation system that is frequently utilized in the agricultural industry is the smart irrigation system. In areas of farming where water is scarce, irrigation is used. This intelligent irrigation system is designed with farmers in mind. In this paper, the proposed smart irrigation system uses NodeMCU ESP8266. This system reads the values using sensors and waters the plants based on those values. Also, the system will send notification as well as email to the owner for a certain interval of time depending on the owner specification. The owner can also remotely monitor values by using the mobile application or web application. It is very easy to implement, and will save manpower, leading to a cost-effective solution for efficient water management in agriculture. This system harnesses the power of a microcontroller to monitor and control irrigation process, ensuring optimal water usage.

Visual attention is not attuned to non-human animal targets’ pathogenicity: an evolutionary mismatch perspective

A considerable amount of research has revealed that there exists an evolutionary mismatch between ancestral environments and conditions following the rise of agriculture regarding the contact between humans and animal reservoirs of infectious diseases. Based on this evolutionary mismatch framework, we examined whether visual attention exhibits adaptive attunement toward animal targets’ pathogenicity. Consistent with our predictions, faces bearing heuristic infection cues held attention to a greater extent than did animal vectors of zoonotic infectious diseases. Moreover, the results indicated that attention showed a specialized vigilance toward processing facial cues connoting the presence of infectious diseases, whereas it was allocated comparably between animal disease vectors and disease-irrelevant animals. On the other hand, the pathogen salience manipulation employed to amplify the participants’ contextual-level anti-pathogen motives did not moderate the selective allocation of attentional resources. The fact that visual attention seems poorly equipped to detect and encode animals’ zoonotic transmission risk supports the idea that our evolved disease avoidance mechanisms might have limited effectiveness in combating global outbreaks originating from zoonotic emerging infectious diseases.

Land use changes and climate parameters assessments in a tropical highland region of Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

Abstract Tropical highland regions are susceptible to climate change and natural disasters due to their geographical location and hilly terrain. The objectives of this study are to determine land use land cover (LULC) changes in the Cameron Highlands and analyse the climatic parameters of the Cameron Highlands. This study integrates LULC analysis using remote sensing techniques and 10-year climatic parameters data to evaluate the impact of climate variability on the sustainability of the Cameron Highlands. Based on the validation results, the overall accuracy of LULC was 95.42% in 2016, 96.60% in 2018, and 97.40% in 2020. The results show an 18% rise in agriculture, a 16% increase in urban growth, and an 8.14% decline in forest coverage in Tanah Rata and Ringlet, Cameron Highlands, from 2016 to 2020. The Mann -Kendall and Sen slope indicated a statistically significant increasing trend in rainfall (Kendall's Tau, z = 0.102, p < 0.0001 and Sen value= 0.131, p < 0.001, respectively) and temperature (Kendall's Tau, z = 0.151, p < 0.001 and Sen value = 0.294, p < 0.001, respectively) from 2012 to 2021, increasing the area's susceptibility towards climate change impact and natural disasters. This study highlights the vulnerability of the Cameron Highlands to natural disasters, emphasizing the crucial need for efficient land management in slope areas.

Paleoenvironmental study of the Late Preclassic period in the Northern Mesoamerican Frontier

The Northern Mesoamerican Frontier was a complex multicultural region characterized by frequent human settlement changes and shifts in agricultural conditions during the Late Preclassic period (~400 BCE-150 CE). Here, we report a high-resolution paleoenvironmental record from the varved sedimentary sequence of the crater maar La Alberca which spans the Late Preclassic (~400 BCE-150 CE) to part of the Early Classic period (~150 CE-250 CE) corresponding to Late Chupicuaro phase (400 BCE-100 CE) and Mixtlan phase (0–250 CE). Our work aims to study the paleoenvironmental conditions during the rise of agriculture in the Northern Mesoamerican Frontier and provide insights related to landscape alteration by human activity. To reach these aims, a multiproxy investigation was conducted by means of varve counting, high-resolution XRF scans, magnetic susceptibility, pollen data and fecal stanol biomarkers as a proxy for human population change. Our results reveal two varve type. Type 1 is characterized by the alternation of detrital-organic layers and aragonite layers, type 2 by alternating detrital-organic layers with an organic layer formed by diatom frustules and aragonite layers. This study suggest that the increase of erosion by human activity during the Late Chupicuaro phase (400 BCE-100 CE) and the start of the Mixtlan phase (0–250 CE) coincide with a high percentage of Amaranthaceae pollen, a rise of sedimentation rates, increase in nutrient content and the increase of human waste flux interpreted with the (Coprostanol + epi) :((Coprostanol + epi)+cholestanol biomarker. Moreover, a wetter period (~137 BCE-37 CE) interpreted during the Late Chupiacuaro phase and the start of the Mixtlan phase could suggest favorable environmental conditions for the establishment of agriculture.

THE ECONOMIC AND PRODUCTION-RELATED SITUATION OF POLISH AGRICULTURE OVER THE PERIOD FROM 2015-2021

The aim of the study was to assess the economic and production-related situation of Polish agriculture during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis covered the years 2015-2021, i.e. in addition to the years of the pandemic’s occurrence in Poland (2020-2021), the research period included 5 earlier years, in order to identify possible changes during the pandemic. In order to attain the objective, the data from the Economic Accounts for Agriculture – EAA, published by Eurostat, was used. A library query and secondary data from the Eurostat database were employed. Over the years 2015-2021, the value and quantity of agricultural production in Poland increased. In the first year of the pandemic, the value of production increased nominally by 13.7%, and by 8% in real terms. This growth mainly stemmed from the increase in the volume of plant production. The second year of the pandemic brought a slight decrease in the production volume – by 0.8%. It resulted primarily from yield deterioration. The time of the pandemic was characterized by considerable changes in agricultural income. Unfavourable price changes in 2021, related to a large increase in costs, caused the income from agriculture rise in the first year of the pandemic, but over the second year of COVID-19, the income situation deteriorated significantly. Worse farming conditions related mainly to an increase in the cost of loans and the prices of production means may have a significant impact on the food security of the Polish society.

Hunter-gatherer genomes reveal diverse demographic trajectories during the rise of farming in Eastern Africa

The fate of hunting and gathering populations following the rise of agriculture and pastoralism remains a topic of debate in the study of human prehistory. Studies of ancient and modern genomes have found that autochthonous groups were largely replaced by expanding farmer populations with varying levels of gene flow, a characterization that is influenced by the almost universal focus on the European Neolithic.1-5 We sought to understand the demographic impact of an ongoing cultural transition to farming in Southwest Ethiopia, one of the last regions in Africa to experience such shifts.6 Importantly, Southwest Ethiopia is home to several of the world's remaining hunter-gatherer groups, including the Chabu people, who are currently transitioning away from their traditional mode of subsistence.7 We generated genome-wide data from the Chabu and four neighboring populations, the Majang, Shekkacho, Bench, and Sheko, to characterize their genetic ancestry and estimate their effective population sizes over the last 60 generations. We show that the Chabu are a distinct population closely related to ancient people who occupied Southwest Ethiopia >4,500 years ago. Furthermore, the Chabu are undergoing a severe population bottleneck, which began approximately 1,400 years ago. By analyzing eleven Eastern African populations, we find evidence for divergent demographic trajectories among hunter-gatherer-descendant groups. Our results illustrate that although foragers respond to encroaching agriculture and pastoralism with multiple strategies, including cultural adoption of agropastoralism, gene flow, and economic specialization, they often face population decline.

How did wild cats turn into our beloved domestic animals?

Ancient wild cats likely decided to move to our house thousands of years ago, but how this unique evolutionary adaptation happened remains unknown. Our study suggests that the rise of agriculture in Neolithic times helped establish the intimate human-cat relationship. - submission by Magdalena Krajcarz, Maciej Krajcarz

Cultural extinction in evolutionary perspective.

Cultural diversity is disappearing quickly. Whilst a phylogenetic approach makes explicit the continuous extinction of cultures, and the generation of new ones, cultural evolutionary changes such as the rise of agriculture or more recently colonisation can cause periods of mass cultural extinction. At the current rate, 90% of languages will become extinct or moribund by the end of this century. Unlike biological extinction, cultural extinction does not necessarily involve genetic extinction or even deaths, but results from the disintegration of a social entity and discontinuation of culture-specific behaviours. Here we propose an analytical framework to examine the phenomenon of cultural extinction. When examined over millennia, extinctions of cultural traits or institutions can be studied in a phylogenetic comparative framework that incorporates archaeological data on ancestral states. Over decades or centuries, cultural extinction can be studied in a behavioural ecology framework to investigate how the fitness consequences of cultural behaviours and population dynamics shift individual behaviours away from the traditional norms. Frequency-dependent costs and benefits are key to understanding both the origin and the loss of cultural diversity. We review recent evolutionary studies that have informed cultural extinction processes and discuss avenues of future studies.

К истории освоения Северного морского пути: собрание пароходовладельцев в Ирбите 25 февраля 1879 г.

The article presents the publication of the decision of the meeting of major ship owners and industrialists of the Urals and Western Siberia, held on February 25, 1879 in Irbit. The preserved document reveals one of the pages of the history of the development of the Northern sea route: the organization of research expeditions to the area of the Ob Bay. The source emphasizes the close relationship between regional authorities and representatives of private capital in the development of the Northern territories and the search for water communication between Central Russia, European States and Siberia. It shows the great importance that the Siberian merchants attached to the possibility of opening new transport routes that can provide a profitable export of large volumes of Siberian raw materials to European markets. The 18 people who gathered, representing the largest Western Siberian and Ural private shipping companies, believed that trade through the Northern seas can give a powerful impetus to the development of both Western and Eastern Siberia: promote the rise of agriculture, trade and industry, ensure the flow of money to the region, stimulate demographic growth and development of sparsely populated areas. At the same time, the source under investigation fully reflects the pragmatism of merchants who did not want to invest in dubious enterprises and sought to achieve their goal – finding a reliable passage through the Northern waters – in the shortest possible time and with minimal costs. The ideas and recommendations formulated at the Irbit meeting of ship owners, although not unconditionally, served as the basis for planning further scientific research in the Kara sea by the Maritime Ministry and the Ministry of Finance.

Body mass‐related changes in mammal community assembly patterns during the late Quaternary of North America

The late Quaternary of North America was marked by prominent ecological changes, including the end‐Pleistocene megafaunal extinction, the spread of human settlements and the rise of agriculture. Here we examine the mechanistic reasons for temporal changes in mammal species association and body size during this time period. Building upon the co‐occurrence results from Lyons et al. (2016) – wherein each species pair was classified as spatially aggregated, segregated or random – we examined body mass differences (BMD) between each species pair for each association type and time period (Late Pleistocene: 40 000 14C–11 700 14C ybp, Holocene: 11 700 14C–50 ybp and Modern: 50–0 yr). In the Late Pleistocene and Holocene, the BMD of both aggregated and segregated species pairs was significantly smaller than the BMD of random pairs. These results are consistent with environmental filtering and competition as important drivers of community structure in both time periods. Modern assemblages showed a breakdown between BMD and co‐occurrence patterns: the average BMD of aggregated, segregated and random species pairs did not differ from each other. Collectively, these results indicate that the late Quaternary mammalian extinctions not only eliminated many large‐bodied species but were followed by a re‐organization of communities that altered patterns of species coexistence and associated differences in body size.

Modern Methods of Ensuring Sustainable Development of Rural Territories at the Regional Level

The concept of sustainable development was widely adopted at the global level of development of society in the world. At the same time transition to sustainable development and giving of irreversible character to it are impossible without complex development of rural territories. In national economy it is necessary to begin development with rise in agriculture. In modern operating conditions of the majority of regions of Russia and its rural territories, development of the methods providing their sustainable development is impossible without active state position on an institutional basis and also on the basis of social and innovative development of territories taking into account their features, the developed specialization and infrastructure. In this research four interconnected methods on ensuring sustainable development of rural territories on the example of the Saratov region are developed. The differential and production method is based on growth of efficiency of agrarian production at use of intensive technologies, increase in a share of crops of perspective highly profitable cultures depending on climatic and economic features of various microzones of the region, on technological re-equipment of branches of crop production. All this will allow to create internal funds of development of production and the social sphere of the village. The innovative and investment method is based on accumulation of means from different sources in regional fund and definition of the directions of the projects focused on development of infrastructure and increase in investment attractiveness and innovative activity. At initiation of projects by authorities, business structures, the population and granting means from Fund, various innovative and investment directions for rural territories taking into account branch specialization of areas and assessment of their requirements will develop. The method of improvement of social infrastructure of the village leans on the tools leading to improvement of infrastructure of municipal units depending on their territorial and branch accessory, level of financing of the social sphere and providing social and engineering infrastructure with objects. The structural and institutional method assumes improvement of management of sustainable development of rural territories and ensuring optimization of decision-making at all levels.

“Economic Miracle” in France: Formation and Results of the Dirigisme Model in 1944–1973

The purpose of the article is to show the determining role of dirigisme in the restoration and prosperity of France in the period 1944–1973; the influence of nationalization of enterprises of leading industries, banks on a compensatory basis; indicative planning for the revival of the country’s economy and achieving high rates of its growth; the rise of agriculture; the formation of a unified system of state social insurance. As a result of the reforms carried out in the 1950s and 1960s, these decades were a period of accelerated and almost continuous growth of the French economy. The ‘engines’ of economic growth were heavy industries, which accounted for the majority of all investment in the industry. The equipment in machine building (first of all in the car and aircraft construction, production of machines and devices) was updated; metallurgy, electrical engineering, chemistry, oil refining were modernised; the nuclear industry was created for the first time in the history. At the same time, in agriculture was held large-scale mechanisation. All this was accompanied by significant positive changes in the social sphere: soon after the end of WWII, the 40-hour working week was restored, annual leave for workers and employees was returned. Already by 1946, a unified state social insurance system was formed, which extended to all categories of employees, except for workers in the agricultural sector. As a result, the dirigisme model in France in the period 1944–1973 allowed this country not only to restore the war-ravaged economy, and also to achieve impressive success in industry, agriculture and the social sphere, to return it to one of the key positions in the world. It leads to the conclusion that the experience of using the conductor model in France can be used in the development of areas of reform of the Russian economy in current conditions.

The Current Epidemic of the Barley Pathogen Ramularia collo-cygni Derives from a Population Expansion and Shows Global Admixture.

Ramularia leaf spot is becoming an ever-increasing problem in main barley-growing regions since the 1980s, causing up to 70% yield loss in extreme cases. Yet, the causal agent Ramularia collo-cygni remains poorly studied. The diversity of the pathogen in the field thus far remains unknown. Furthermore, it is unknown to what extent the pathogen has a sexual reproductive cycle. The teleomorph of R. collo-cygni has not been observed. To study the genetic diversity of R. collo-cygni and get more insights in its biology, we sequenced the genomes of 19 R. collo-cygni isolates from multiple geographic locations and diverse hosts. Nucleotide polymorphism analyses of all isolates shows that R. collo-cygni is genetically diverse worldwide, with little geographic or host specific differentiation. Next, we used two different methods to detect signals of recombination in our sample set. Both methods find putative recombination events, which indicate that sexual reproduction happens or has happened in the global R. collo-cygni population. Lastly, we used these data on recombination to perform historic population size analyses. These suggest that the effective population size of R. collo-cygni decreased during the domestication of barley and subsequently grew with the rise of agriculture. Our findings deepen our understanding of R. collo-cygni biology and can help us to understand the current epidemic. We discuss how our findings support possible global spread through seed transfer, and we highlight how recombination, clonal spreading, and lack of host specificity could amplify global epidemics of this increasingly important disease and suggest specific approaches to combat the pathogen.

Sampling Bias in the Trend of Post‐Pleistocene Gracilization: How Terrain Affects Lower Limb Robusticity

Many studies have documented a decrease in modern human lower limb measures of cross‐sectional geometry (CSG) throughout the Pleistocene and Holocene. These decreases are often associated with subsistence changes and technology that allowed for a more sedentary lifestyle (e.g., rise of agriculture). Italian Neolithic samples (19‐4 ka) deviate from this trend, with measures similar to earlier, highly mobile populations (Marchi, 2008; Marchi et al., 2011) despite an overall trend for reduced robusticity through Holocene Europe as a whole (Holt et al., 2018). Active populations with a lifetime of mobility on rough terrain have been shown to have higher cortical thickness and CSG properties that resist bending and torsion in the anterior‐posterior plane – which would not fit within the traditional paradigm. Here, we evaluate changes in femoral and tibial midshaft CSG measures of robusticity. These include maximum and minimum second moments of area (Imax/Imin), second moments of area in the x and y plane (Ix/Iy), polar moment of area (J), and cortical area (CA) for populations in Europe, Africa, and Asia (N = 440) throughout the past 40,000 years (Early Upper Paleolithic, Late Upper Paleolithic, Holocene) using ANOVA and linear interaction models. Generally, Early and Late Upper Paleolithic groups show no significant differences, but Early Upper Paleolithic and Holocene groups were significantly different in all femoral measures, and Late Upper Paleolithic and Holocene groups were significantly different in all measures except Ix/Iy. Linear models showed no significant effect of elevation on CSP or any interaction effects except in femoral CA (Early Upper Paleolithic, p = 0.02; Late Upper Paleolithic, p = 0.03; Holocene, p = 0.01). A paradigm of gracilization throughout time is not supported in Asian populations when they are compared within regions. Reduced robusticity in Holocene Andaman Islanders as compared to Japanese/Vietnamese samples suggest that lower limb robusticity can increase because of activities on mountainous terrain, subverting the traditional paradigm. This suggests that we cannot assume that all populations experienced a reduction in robusticity into the Holocene and we must be aware of the danger of a sampling bias in our work.Support or Funding InformationThis research was supported by Sigma Xi, NSF BCS‐0314002, and the American Museum of Natural HistoryThis abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Differential Impacts of Subsistence on Developmental Stress in Prehistoric Ohio Valley Children

Bioarchaeologists often assume that the intensification of agriculture results in an increase in physiological stress, but it is necessary to also consider duration and age of occurrence of stress events. Linear enamel hypoplasias (LEH) are indicators of such events. By analyzing LEH on the permanent anterior teeth of 40 children from prehistoric Ohio Valley, this project compares the timing and duration of stress events of foragers (4000-3000 B.P.) with those of agriculturalists (A.D. 1000-1500).
 A scanning electron microscope was used to create 50X photomontages of the tooth surfaces. LEH from systemic stress were recorded from these photomontages as those that concurrently match among other teeth from the same individual. Ages were calculated at which stress events occurred. The total number of perikymata within each defect furrow were used to reflect the duration of the stress events. Variables were compared between samples using Fisher’s exact tests and pairwise ANOVA.
 Agriculturalist children endured the most stress events, although foraging children suffered the longest stress events. Variation can be attributable to cultural or nutritional change in the Ohio Valley, resulting in agriculturalist children being more frail. Results are similar to previous studies exploring transitions in physiological stress with the rise of agriculture.

Myofascial Efficiency in Bipedalism: Progression of the Dynamic Body in Evolution and Environment

Much attention has been given to the autapomorphic pelvis in discussions of human bipedalism. A recent issue of the Anatomical Record (April 2017) was devoted to new insights and relevant discoveries through new fossil evidence on its structure (Morgan et al., 2015) to debates on how obstetrics (Moffett, 2017) may have shaped it thus far. However, bony structures are, of course, only one part of the equation in considering the changes in human evolution. Myofascial efficiency increased as humans developed, allowing for caloric efficiency. Fascia, the lonely stepchild of the anatomical world, has begun to garner larger interest in its role in whole body functioning and has an importance in overall patterning in the evolution of body structure. Activities such as dance may have developed as a means to practice movement needed in daily life via training multi‐vector and elastic recoil properties of fascia. In the 1960s Irmgard Bartenieff along with Alan Lomax and Forrestine Paulay explored the relationship of dance to culture and environment in movement preferences in both work and dance through their choreometrics project (Jablonko, 2001).The rise of agriculture is often cited as the advent of sedentism. However, recent studies have shown that our Neolithic forebears had much more stimulus for bone and muscle growth than our elite athletes of today, through even the daily tasks of gathering and grinding grain (Macintosh et al., 2017). How much loaded movement and diverse movement possibilities are needed in the current limited movement culture is a relevant question. In looking at myofascial anatomy, tightening of both superficial front and back lines result in the head forward position, an anatomical response that allows the eyes to face out to the horizon to watch for danger (Myers, 2014). While the position is a reaction to immediate stress, continued movement with this posture puts the body under further strain. Currently, the demands of our technologically heavy culture have created the same stressed posture, with a distinct head forward position. Modern humans have developed issues in the functionality of the body and often blame physical difficulties on lack of time to exercise as well as dietary concerns. New research, such as Lauren Friedrich's graduate Harvard thesis (2016), looks into architectural design that can continue to challenge and enhance human movement by focusing on healthy perturbations in spatial environments.In conclusion, the results of this research suggest that in studying the evolution of bipedalism, the missing link may indeed be the myofascial system and its drive for dynamic and multi‐vectored movement for a healthy body. Dance appears to be a natural response in expression of the human experience, and as a means to practice that movement. Life in the technological age, along with less exposure to diverse movements and less social movement interaction may be at the heart of the modern human's anatomical challenge. Future generations may well need to conserve natural spaces to walk in, support more movement and dance, or design more interactive building spaces as a way to cope with a body that evolved to move. Ultimately anatomy is ever changing in response to our body patterning, and looking at our evolutionary development through myofascia as well as our bony structures may give us insight into where we came from and we are, or would like to be, going.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Rapid phenotypic change in a native bird population following conversion of the Colorado Desert to agriculture

Humans are modifying our planet's ecosystems with increasing frequency and intensity. Exploring population responses to anthropogenic modifications of natural habitat provides insights into how species persist in the Anthropocene. Here, we leverage natural history collections to document rapid phenotypic change within a native bird population following ~80 yr of agriculture in the Colorado Desert of southeastern California. By comparing spectrophotometric measurements of horned lark Eremophila alpestris specimens collected in the Imperial Valley from 1918 to 1934 to those collected from 1984 to 2014, we found that more recent birds have darker backs, napes, and crowns. This dorsal darkening may have resulted from a shift in selective pressures for camouflage induced by land use: previously, the lark population nested on light‐colored desert flats, whereas contemporary larks occupy darker soil associated with agricultural fields. Adaptation and/or introgression may have contributed to this instance of rapid phenotypic change following the rise of agriculture in the Imperial Valley.

A 7000-year pollen and plant macrofossil record from the Mid-Russian Upland, European Russia: Vegetation history and human impact

The paper presents new pollen and plant macrofossil records of environmental changes at the southern boundary of the mixed coniferous-broadleaf forest zone in the north-western part of the Mid-Russian Upland (central European Russia) during the middle and late Holocene. The obtained results show that, between 7000 and 5000 cal yr BP, the study area was situated in a wooded steppe vegetation zone and the boundary between forest and steppe biomes was disposed of 50–70 km further north-west in comparison to its present position. After 5000 cal yr BP the more humid climate conditions resulted in the expansion of broadleaf forests, which persisted in the study area until 2000 cal yr BP. Therefore, the pre-agrarian landscape of these regions was mixed broadleaf forests of Quercus, Tilia, Ulmus and Corylus. Since around 2000 cal yr BP, human activity has been increasingly dominant with enhanced burning, soil erosion, felling of trees and the rise of agriculture. During the last three centuries, human activity resulted in a strong landscape transformation. Nowadays the remnants of the primary forest vegetation are persisted in small locations only.

The policy of "a powerful rise in agriculture" in the mid–1950s – mid–1960s and its results in Ukraine: the professional and production aspect

It is analyzed the results of the companies due to the providing with agricultural industry by the specialists with high and secondary agricultural education that are exampled in the politics of the state about the powered development of agrarian sphere of the country in a short period. It is mark that the results of realization of agrarian program that was made in 1953 in the part of intellectualization the material sphere of collective farms industry, were unidentified. From one side the radical organized economical changes were happened, the result of what was the change of accent in the system of formation the staffʼs potential of the village. During these changes the specialists were concentrated in the economies and were having the personal responsibilities for the results of actions of the serving and departments. The dates of transformation were accompanied as quantity and quality changes in the staff structure of the leading and governing links of collective farms. From the other side in the middle of 1960th the situation of their security was far away from the necessities of the material sphere of the village in the whole and also in the concrete directions of the agricultural industry.

Rise in Agriculture, Dietary Changes, May Be Linked to Adaptations in Fat Metabolism Seen from Ancient to Modern Europeans.

Rise in Agriculture, Dietary Changes, May Be Linked to Adaptations in Fat Metabolism Seen from Ancient to Modern Europeans.