Riemann-Liouville Fractional Integrals Research Articles

BVP with a Load in the Form of a Fractional Integral

A boundary value problem for a nonhomogeneous heat equation with a load in the form of a fractional Riemann–Liouville integral of an order β∈0,1 is considered. By inverting the differential part, the problem is reduced to an integral equation with a kernel with a special function. The special function is presented as a generalized hypergeometric function. The limiting cases of the order β of the fractional derivative are studied: it is shown that the interval for changing the order of the fractional derivative can be expanded to integer values β∈0,1. The results of the study remain unchanged. The kernel of the integral equation is estimated. Conditions for the solvability of the integral equation are obtained.

Fractional Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities for various function classes

This paper investigates a technique that uses Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals to study several Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities for various function classes. Afterwards, we provide our results by using special cases of obtained theorems and This paper is to derive examples. Moreover, we give some Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities for bounded functions by fractional integrals. Furthermore, we construct some fractional Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities for Lipschitzian functions. Finally, we offer some Euler-Maclaurin-type inequalities by fractional integrals of bounded variation.

New version of midpoint-type inequalities for co-ordinated convex functions via generalized conformable integrals

In the current research, some midpoint-type inequalities are generalized for co-ordinated convex functions with the help of generalized conformable fractional integrals. Moreover, some findings of this paper include results based on Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals and Riemann integrals.

A unifying representation of path integrals for fractional Brownian motions

Fractional Brownian motion (fBm) is an experimentally-relevant, non-Markovian Gaussian stochastic process with long-ranged correlations between the increments, parametrised by the so-called Hurst exponent H; depending on its value the process can be sub-diffusive (0<H<1/2) , diffusive (H=1/2) or super-diffusive (1/2<H<1) . There exist three alternative equally often used definitions of fBm—due to Lévy and due to Mandelbrot and van Ness (MvN), which differ by the interval on which the time variable is formally defined. Respectively, the covariance functions of these fBms have different functional forms. Moreover, the MvN fBms have stationary increments, while for the Lévy fBm this is not the case. One may therefore be tempted to conclude that these are, in fact, different processes which only accidentally bear the same name. Recently determined explicit path integral representations also appear to have very different functional forms, which only reinforces the latter conclusion. Here we develop a unifying equivalent path integral representation of all three fBms in terms of Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals, which links the fBms and proves that they indeed belong to the same family. We show that the action in such a representation involves the fractional integral of the same form and order (dependent on whether H<1/2 or H>1/2 ) for all three cases, and differs only by the integration limits.

Generalizations of Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals and applications

Generalizations of Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals and applications

Temporal second-order difference schemes for the nonlinear time-fractional mixed sub-diffusion and diffusion-wave equation with delay

This paper investigates a nonlinear time-fractional mixed sub-diffusion and diffusion-wave equation with delay. The problem is particularly challenging due to its nonlinear nature, the presence of a time delay, and the incorporation of both fractional diffusion and fractional wave terms, introducing computational complexities for numerical analysis. To address this, we transform the model into a new generalized form involving Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals and a Caputo derivative of order α∈(0,1). Subsequently, a temporal second-order linearized difference scheme is presented to approximate the model, and its unconditional stability is rigorously proven based on discrete Gronwall’s inequality. To reduce computational and storage costs, we extend the discussion to a fast variant of the proposed difference scheme. The sum of exponentials approach is employed to approximate the kernel function in fractional-order operators, leading to fast difference analogs for the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral and the Caputo derivative. A fast variant of the developed direct method is introduced based on these analogs. Numerical results are provided to validate our theoretical findings and assess the accuracy and efficiency of the difference schemes.

Analytical properties, fractal dimensions and related inequalities of [formula omitted]-Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals

In this paper, we rigorously explore (k,h)-Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals applied to continuous functions defined on closed real intervals. Firstly, we delve into the analytical properties of (k,h)-Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals for continuous functions, examining aspects like boundedness, continuity, and bounded variation. Secondly, we derive an upper bound for the upper box dimensions of (k,h)-Riemann–Liouville fractional integral graphs for continuous functions defined on real closed intervals. Finally, we present several applications of (k,h)-Riemann–Liouville fractional integral operators, including the reverse analog Hölder inequality, the reverse analog Minkowski inequality, and Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities.

Some Properties of Normalized Tails of Maclaurin Power Series Expansions of Sine and Cosine

In the paper, the authors introduce two notions, the normalized remainders, or say, the normalized tails, of the Maclaurin power series expansions of the sine and cosine functions, derive two integral representations of the normalized tails, prove the nonnegativity, positivity, decreasing property, and concavity of the normalized tails, compute several special values of the Young function, the Lommel function, and a generalized hypergeometric function, recover two inequalities for the tails of the Maclaurin power series expansions of the sine and cosine functions, propose three open problems about the nonnegativity, positivity, decreasing property, and concavity of a newly introduced function which is a generalization of the normalized tails of the Maclaurin power series expansions of the sine and cosine functions. These results are related to the Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals.

Existence and Ulam-Hyers stability results for a class of fractional integro-differential equations involving nonlocal fractional integro-differential boundary conditions

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a class of fractional integro- differential boundary value problems involving both Riemann–Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives, and supplemented with multi-point and nonlocal Riemann-Liouville fractional integral and Caputo fractional deriv- ative boundary conditions. Our results are based on some known tools of fixed point theory. We also study the Ulam–Hyers stability for the proposed fractional problems. Finally, some illustrative examples are included to verify the validity of our results.

Finite element method for a generalized constant delay diffusion equation

This paper considers the finite element method to solve a generalized constant delay diffusion equation. The regularity of the solution of the considered model is investigated, which is the first time to discover that the solution has non-uniform multi-singularity in time compared with Tan et al. (2022). To overcome the multi-singularity, a symmetrical graded mesh is used to devise the fully discrete finite element scheme for the considered problem based on L1 formula of the Caputo fractional derivative and fractional trapezoidal formula of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral. Then we investigate the unconditional stability of this scheme. Next, the local truncation errors of the L1 formula and the fractional trapezoidal formula are analyzed in detail, especially the later one is discussed at the first time, under the multi-singularity of the solution and the symmetrical graded mesh. Using these error results, we obtain the convergence of the proposed numerical scheme. Finally, some numerical tests are provided to verify the obtained theoretical results.

Study on a Nonlocal Fractional Coupled System Involving (k,ψ)-Hilfer Derivatives and (k,ψ)-Riemann–Liouville Integral Operators

This paper deals with a nonlocal fractional coupled system of (k,ψ)-Hilfer fractional differential equations, which involve, in boundary conditions, (k,ψ)-Hilfer fractional derivatives and (k,ψ)-Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals. The existence and uniqueness of solutions are established for the considered coupled system by using standard tools from fixed point theory. More precisely, Banach and Krasnosel’skiĭ’s fixed-point theorems are used, along with Leray–Schauder alternative. The obtained results are illustrated by constructed numerical examples.

Fractional integral inequalities and error estimates of generalized mean differences

In this research, we focus on a novel class of mean inequalities involving Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals. We employ these integrals to investigate various fundamental identities that help us to explore mean inequalities. By utilizing a generalized concept of convexity, we establish a unique set of these problems. To ensure the accuracy of our findings, we generate 2D and 3D graphs accompanied by corresponding numerical data using specific functions, effectively illustrating the inequalities. Furthermore, it is easy to observe that some known results from previous studies manifest as special cases of our primary outcomes. This approach enables us to substantiate the validity of our findings and strengthen our conclusions. The connection of the main finding with the context of statistics and mathematics is provided, playing a significant role in addressing real-life problems.

INITIAL-BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS TO THE TIME-NONLOCAL DIFFUSION EQUATION

This article investigates a fractional diffusion equation involving Caputo fractional derivative and Riemann-Liouville fractional integral. The equation is supplemented by initial and boundary conditions in the domain defined by the interval by space 0&lt;x&lt;1 and interval by time 0&lt;t&lt;T. The fractional operators are defined rigorously, utilizing the Caputo fractional derivative of order β and the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral of order α, where 0&lt;α&lt;β≤1. The main results include the presentation of well-known properties associated with fractional operators and the establishment of the unique solution to the given problem. The key findings are summarized through a theorem that provides the explicit form of the solution. The solution is expressed as a series involving the two-parameter Mittag-Leffler function and orthonormal eigenfunctions of the Sturm-Liouville operator. The uniqueness of the solution is proven, ensuring that the problem has a single, well-defined solution under specific conditions on the initial function. Furthermore, the article introduces and proves estimates related to the Mittag-Leffler function, providing bounds crucial for the convergence analysis. The convergence of the series is investigated, and conditions for the solution to belong to a specific function space are established. The uniqueness of the solution is demonstrated, emphasizing its singularity within the given problem. Finally, the continuity of the solution in the specified domain is confirmed through the uniform convergence of the series.

Ground state solutions for the fractional impulsive differential system with ψ‐Caputo fractional derivative and ψ–Riemann–Liouville fractional integral

This article examines a new family of (p,q)‐Laplacian type nonlinear fractional impulsive differential coupled equations involving both the ‐Caputo fractional derivative and –Riemann–Liouville fractional integral. With the help of Nehari manifold in critical point theory and fractional calculus properties, we obtain the existence of at least one nontrivial ground state solution for the coupled system with some natural and easily verifiable superlinear conditions on the nonlinearity.

Numerical Algorithms for Approximation of Fractional Integrals and Derivatives Based on Quintic Spline Interpolation

Numerical algorithms for calculating the left- and right-sided Riemann–Liouville fractional integrals and the left- and right-sided fractional derivatives in the Caputo sense using spline interpolation techniques are derived. The spline of the fifth degree (the so-called quintic spline) is mainly taken into account, but the linear and cubic splines are also considered to compare the quality of the developed method and numerical calculations. The estimation of errors for the derived approximation algorithms is presented. Examples of the numerical evaluation of the fractional integrals and derivatives are executed using 128-bit floating-point numbers and arithmetic routines. For each derived algorithm, the experimental orders of convergence are calculated. Also, an illustrative computational example showing the action of the considered fractional operators on the symmetric function in the interval is presented.

A NOTE ON FRACTAL DIMENSION OF RIEMANN–LIOUVILLE FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL

This paper intends to study the analytical properties of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral and fractal dimensions of its graph on [Formula: see text]. We show that the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral preserves some analytical properties such as boundedness, continuity and bounded variation in the Arzelá sense. We also deduce the upper bound of the box dimension and the Hausdorff dimension of the graph of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of Hölder continuous functions. Furthermore, we prove that the box dimension and the Hausdorff dimension of the graph of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of a function, which is continuous and of bounded variation in Arzelá sense, are [Formula: see text].

SOME RESULTS ON BOX DIMENSION ESTIMATION OF FRACTAL CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS

In this paper, we explore upper box dimension of continuous functions on [Formula: see text] and their Riemann–Liouville fractional integral. Firstly, by comparing function limits, we prove that the upper box dimension of the Riemann–Liouville fractional order integral image of a continuous function will not exceed [Formula: see text], the result similar to [Y. S. Liang and W. Y. Su, Fractal dimensions of fractional integral of continuous functions, Acta Math. Appl. Sin. E 32 (2016) 1494–1508]. Secondly, we prove that upper box dimension of multiple algebraic sums of continuous functions does not exceed the largest box dimension among them, backing up our conclusion with an appropriate example. Finally, we draw the same conclusions for the product of multiple continuous functions.

Fractional Milne-type inequalities for twice differentiable functions

&lt;abstract&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this study, a specific identity was derived for functions that possess two continuous derivatives. Through the utilization of this identity and Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals, several fractional Milne-type inequalities were established for functions whose second derivatives inside the absolute value are convex. Additionally, an example and a graphical representation are included to clarify the core findings of our research.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/abstract&gt;

Efficient method for solving nonlinear weakly singular kernel fractional integro-differential equations

&lt;abstract&gt;&lt;p&gt;This paper introduced an efficient method to obtain the solution of linear and nonlinear weakly singular kernel fractional integro-differential equations (WSKFIDEs). It used Riemann-Liouville fractional integration (R-LFI) to remove singularities and approximated the regularized problem with a combined approach using the generalized fractional step-Mittag-Leffler function (GFSMLF) and operational integral fractional Mittag matrix (OIFMM) method. The resulting algebraic equations were turned into an optimization problem. We also proved the method's accuracy in approximating any function, as well as its fractional differentiation and integration within WSKFIDEs. The proposed method was performed on some attractive examples in order to show how their solutions behave at various values of the fractional order $ \digamma $. The paper provided a valuable contribution to the field of fractional calculus (FC) by presenting a novel method for solving WSKFIDEs. Additionally, the accuracy of this method was verified by comparing its results with those obtained using other methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/abstract&gt;

A NEW ESTIMATION OF BOX DIMENSION OF RIEMANN–LIOUVILLE FRACTIONAL CALCULUS OF CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS

This paper establishes a linear relationship between the order of the Riemann–Liouville fractional calculus and the exponent of the Hölder condition, whether the Hölder condition is global, local, or at a single point. We propose and prove a control inequality between the Hölder derivative ([Formula: see text] as defined in Proposition 12) of a continuous function and the Hölder derivative of the Riemann–Liouville fractional calculus of this function. In addition, this paper provides a more accurate estimation of the Box dimension of the graph of the Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of an arbitrary continuous function. More specifically, it establishes the result that whenever there is a continuous function whose graph has the upper Box dimension [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], the graph of its Riemann–Liouville fractional integral of order [Formula: see text], with [Formula: see text], has the upper Box dimension not greater than [Formula: see text].