Richard Pococke Research Articles

An 18th century reference to a Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in Scotland.

Richard Pococke’s Tour of Scotland (1760) seems to provide a record of a breeding population of lynxes (Lynx lynx) in the mountains near Auchencairn in the Southern Uplands of Scotland. This paper evaluates the authenticity and significance of the record.

Richard Pococke’s herbarium and manuscript index

Abstract This article examines Richard Pococke’s ‘lost’ herbarium and manuscript index. These items, which have formed part of the Heritage Library Collection of the Qatar National Library since 1993, have escaped the attention of all but one scholar, who published the results of his scientific examination of the medicinal specimens in 1997 and concluded that the index was the work of a professional. This study traces the transmission of the collection, offers an approximate date for its creation, and argues that Pococke had gained sufficient knowledge of botany and plant taxonomy in later life to compile the semi-professional botanical index himself.

The Language of Ruins: Greek and Latin Inscriptions on the Memnon Colossus by Patricia A. Rosenmeyer

Reviewed by: The Language of Ruins: Greek and Latin Inscriptions on the Memnon Colossus by Patricia A. Rosenmeyer Carolyn Higbie Patricia A. Rosenmeyer. The Language of Ruins: Greek and Latin Inscriptions on the Memnon Colossus. New York: Oxford University Press, 2018. Pp. xx, 265. $85.00. ISBN 978-0-19-062631-0. Rosenmeyer focuses on the statue in Egyptian Thebes identified as the colossus of Memnon and surveys ancient visitors' reactions to it, in particular the call that it often made to its mother Eos (Dawn) in the morning. Her book falls into three sections. Chapters 1-3 give background, and discuss the identities of the visitors and inscriptions that they leave on the colossus. Chapters 4-5 focus on two subsets of the inscriptions: those that reflect the Homeric Memnon and those linked to Sappho. In chapter 6 reactions of German and English Romantic poets to Memnon and to the statue known as Ozymandias are surveyed. The book concludes with three appendices: diagrams of the inscriptions on the colossus; the text and translation of the inscriptions; and an index of the relevant names. Bibliography and an index follow. Chapter 1 opens with Richard Pococke's description of the two colossi at Thebes, then quotes the earliest and latest datable ancient inscriptions on Memnon—by Servius Clemens, who wrote in Latin c. 20 ce, and Falernus, who composed elegiac couplets in Greek c. 205 ce. Within this 200-year span, 108 inscriptions recorded visits of over 90 visitors—centurions, prefects, strategoi; prefects' wives, women in Hadrian's circle (including his wife); sophists and poets. The nature of these visits to the colossus is the subject of chapter 2, in which Rosenmeyer joins the debate about travel to sanctuaries in the Roman empire: was it primarily religious, for sightseeing, or scholarly? After she summarizes the scholarship, she examines the language that the inscribers use to record their reactions to hearing Memnon's cry. She concludes that their motivations [End Page 113] are "mixed: those of both a tourist and a worshipper, both an intellectual curiosity-seeker and someone eager to hear the voice of the divine" (75). Chapter 3 studies two rhetorical devices found in the inscriptions: apostrophe and prosopopeia. Both reflect visitors' desire to present their experience of hearing the noise made by the colossus as a conversation. Sometimes they hear Memnon's cry to his mother, then they address the statue. Sometimes they tell Memnon that they have come to hear him call to Eos, although it has required repeated visits. In chapter 4 Rosenmeyer summarizes much of the recent interest in the afterlife of the Troy tale and shows how many of these inscriptions fit the patterns that others have recently analyzed. Although visitors to the colossus accepted the identification as Memnon, they don't seem to have done anything new in their poetry—they use Homeric language, sometimes compose in dactylic hexameter, and demonstrate their knowledge of Memnon's fate. Chapter 5, on poetesses, particularly Balbilla, and their poems that reflect Sappho, has a similar starting point, Greek and Roman interest in an earlier poet. Because there has been much less work done on ancient fascination with Sappho, Rosenmeyer has more of her own to contribute. She distinguishes between responses to Sappho as a poetess and Sappho as a lesbian, and after examining what could be identified as archaizing and/or Aeolic about Balbilla's verses, concludes that the latter wishes to be regarded as a poet in the tradition of Sappho. Chapter 6 begins with the silencing of Memnon, then examines a selection of Romantic poetry devoted to the colossus, linked to the classical inscriptions through their use of prosopopeia. Rosenmeyer describes the rediscovery of the statue and provides glimpses of western European reactions of poets who did not—unlike their ancient counterparts—visit Thebes: Wordsworth, Byron, Keats, Tennyson, Klingemann, Mayrhofer. Shelley's Ozymandias concludes the modern survey. Rosenmeyer shows us another manifestation of ancient fascination with the Homeric past and demonstrates how broadly across society and time that interest spread. Her quick glance at the nineteenth century reveals more recent uses of the Homeric world. I would have enjoyed more discussion about the seemingly unquestioned...

Jason Thompson, Wonderful Things: A History of Egyptology. Vol. 1: From Antiquity to 1881. Cairo: American University in Cairo, 2015. Pp. 352. US$39.95 (cloth).

Jason Thompson, <i>Wonderful Things: A History of Egyptology</i>. Vol. 1: <i>From Antiquity to 1881</i>. Cairo: American University in Cairo, 2015. Pp. 352. US$39.95 (cloth).

The travels and curious collections of Richard Pococke, Bishop of Meath

The travels and curious collections of Richard Pococke, Bishop of Meath

(D.) Moore Dawn of Discovery: The Early British Travellers to Crete. Richard Pococke, Robert Pashley and Thomas Spratt, and their Contribution to the Island's Bronze Age Archaeological Heritage (British Archaeological Reports International Series 2053). Oxford: Archaeopress, 2010. Pp. iv + 174, illus. £46. 9781407305424. - (D.W.J.) Gill Sifting the Soil of Greece: The Early Years of the British School at

(D.) Moore Dawn of Discovery: The Early British Travellers to Crete. Richard Pococke, Robert Pashley and Thomas Spratt, and their Contribution to the Island's Bronze Age Archaeological Heritage (British Archaeological Reports International Series 2053). Oxford: Archaeopress, 2010. Pp. iv + 174, illus. £46. 9781407305424. - (D.W.J.) Gill Sifting the Soil of Greece: The Early Years of the British School at Athens (1886–1919) (Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies Supplement 111). London: Institute of Classical Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, 2011. Pp. xiv + 474. £38. 9791905670321. - Volume 132

The Vestry Records of the United Parishes of Finglas, St. Margaret’s, Artane and the Ward, 1657–1758 (review)

Reviewed by: The Vestry Records of the United Parishes of Finglas, St. Margaret’s, Artane and the Ward, 1657–1758 Mary Ann Lyons The Vestry Records of the United Parishes of Finglas, St. Margaret’s, Artane and the Ward, 1657–1758. Edited by Maighréad Ní Mhurchadha. (Dublin: Four Courts Press, distrib. ISBS, Portland, OR. 2007. Pp 240. $65.00. ISBN 978-1-846-82052-6.) This is the third volume in the Texts and Calendars series published by Four Courts Press in association with Ireland’s Representative Church Body Library. Focusing as it does on a largely rural Church of Ireland community in north Dublin, it complements the first two volumes that are editions of the Dublin city parishes of St. John (1595–1658) and Ss. Catherine & James (1657–92), edited by Raymond Gillespie. As Raymond Refaussé, the series editor, explains in his preface, this series aims to provide critical editions of important Church of Ireland archives and manuscripts with substantial interpretative and explanatory apparatus. Combining vestry minutes, parish accounts, and fragmentary lists of baptisms, marriages, and burials, this meticulously presented edition of the Representative Church Body Library Manuscript (P 307/1/1) brings to light a largely neglected, vibrant Church of Ireland worshiping community with a viable local administration. The value of this edited manuscript for researchers is significantly enhanced by Ní Mhurchadha’s scholarly introduction in which she provides a concise, contextualized overview of the structures and operation of the [End Page 614] vestry as well as tantalizing glimpses into the world of clerics and parishioners living in this rural community. Drawing upon her extensive knowledge of the region—Ní Mhurchadha is the author of Fingal, 1603–60: Contending Neighbours in North Dublin (Dublin, 2005)—she provides a useful commentary on the evolution of the united parishes from the thirteenth century onward and also profiles this Protestant community that, in the mid-1630s, was reportedly termed the “Irish Geneva” (p. 11) by its inhabitants. Ní Mhurchadha draws upon an impressive range of contemporary printed and manuscript sources to construct a finely nuanced and well-structured interpretative framework within which researchers may trace the evolution of this community and explore the wide range of issues addressed in this rare archival source. Her commentary deftly intertwines evidence extracted from the vestry records with material garnered from such diverse sources as Archbishop Launcelot Bulkeley’s visitation report (1630), the Convert rolls, the 1659 census, the travel narratives of writers such as John Dunton (1698) and Richard Pococke (1753), Pue’s Occurrences, and The Dublin Journal. The editor offers a clear exposition of the structure, chronological development, and operation of this vestry in its three key areas of responsibility—namely, the church, local government, and finance. In highlighting major issues such as structural repairs and additions to the church, cess collection, appointment of personnel, and founding schools, as well as colorful vignettes including the vestry’s ruling in 1682 that only persons wearing blue coats and badges given them by the churchwardens could beg in the area, Ní Mhurchadha accurately reflects the mixed composition of this archival source, much of which is inevitably composed of lists of names, expenses, indentures, and minutes of meetings. By its very nature, this edition will be of particular interest to scholars with a specialist interest in religious, family, and local history, and readers will find the accessibility of the text is greatly enhanced by extensive annotation and an excellent index. Refaussé, Ní Mhurchadha, and Four Courts Press are to be commended on publishing this handsome volume that adds significantly to the growing corpus of archival material made available in print, thus enabling historians to reach a fuller understanding of Church of Ireland parish community life and the mechanics of poor relief and local government in early-modern Ireland. Mary Ann Lyons St. Patrick’s College, Dublin City University Copyright © 2009 The Catholic University of America Press

Richard Pococke (1704–65), antiquarian

This article traces the antiquarian career of the Rev. Richard Pococke, latterly bishop of Ossory and of Meath, and attempts to reconstruct his collection, especially of Irish objects. Where possible identifications and present whereabouts of the objects are given. Where objects remain unidentified it is hoped that details here given will help others to identify ‘lost’ objects from his collection.

Les murailles d'Acre franque

The walls of the Frankish city of Acre, by Benjamin Z. Kedar An examination ot the historical maps ot Frankish Acre proposed over the past 150 years reveals that the location of the city's outer walls remains an enigma. This is so because Acres outer walls have never been excavated and the location of its northern and eastern quarters has not been known. A systematic scrutiny of the relevant medieval texts, of hitherto unassociated archaeological finds, of a painting prepared by a French expedition in about 1686, of a portolan chart of ca. 1707, of plans drawn by Richard Pococke in 1738 and Carsten Niebuhr in 1766 and by Napoleon Bonaparte's engi- neers in 1799, as well as of travelers' accounts and aerial photographs, have allowed to offer a hypothesized course of Acre's walls.

From London to Liverpool: Evidence for a Limehouse–Reid porcelain connection based on the analysis of sherds from the Brownlow Hill (ca. 1755–1767) factory site

AbstractThe diversity of Brownlow Hill porcelains of the Wm Reid &amp; Co. era is due to the remarkably wide range in the composition of their pastes and glazes and inferred firing conditions relative to the initial vitrification temperature. Sixteen of 21 analyzed sherds from the factory site are bone‐ash wares that display large variations in their bulk chemical composition. The remaining samples have silicious‐aluminous (akin to “stone china” sensu Richard Pococke in 1750) and silicious‐aluminous‐calcic (“S‐A‐C”) compositions that resemble Limehouse (London) and Pomona (Staffordshire) porcelains produced during the 1740s. The mineralogy of the Brownlow Hill S‐A‐C sherds suggests firing at a relatively high temperature (Tmax approaching 1400°C, based on relations on the SiO2‐Al2O3‐CaO phase diagram), thereby obscuring the identity of some of the ingredients (e.g., the source of CaO) used in their manufacture. Limehouse and Brownlow Hill may have been linked through the activities of William Ball, who is mentioned in connection with both factories, or indirectly via former Limehouse staff later employed at the Pomona factory, located not far from a Wm Reid &amp; Co. branch factory in Shelton, Stoke‐on‐Trent. In terms of a time line, knowledge of these pastes appears to have spread first from London to Staffordshire, and then to Liverpool. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

THE CULTIVATION OF THE CEDAR OF LEBANON IN WESTERN EUROPEAN PARKS AND GARDENS FROM THE 17TH TO THE 19TH CENTURY

Summary The introduction of cedar of Lebanon (Cedras libarti A.Richard) into western Europe, and the British Isles in particular, has taken place since the seventeenth century and its cultivation has an interesting history. Seeds were collected by various travellers to Lebanon and grown in parks and gardens where they have survived for several centuries. When were these cedars planted and by whom?; what was their provenance— and were they grown from wild or cultivated seeds? The earliest extant cedar in England is Edward Pocock's at Childrey. Oxfordshire (c. 1642). One of the four trees planted at Chelsea Physic Garden in 1683, was the first in Britain to yield seeds, in 1732. Richard Pococke collected seeds in Lebanon in 1738 which were grown at Highclere Castle and Wilton. William Kent, ‘Capability’ Brown and Humphry Repton extensively planted cedar of Lebanon raised from home-grown seed in British estates; some other countries are also mentioned. During the nineteenth century William John Bankes's seeds were raised about 1820 at Kingston Lacy; and some others grown from wild seed are known. The conclusion is made that very few cedars of Lebanon extant in western Europe can be positively assigned to a wild provenance.

Displaced Christian Images in Shelley's ‘Ozymandias’

However convinced Shelley might have been about the necessity of atheism, he could not succeed to the line of great western poets without trenching in one way or another on the Judeo-Christian iconology from which their work derives. On some occasions the debt is explicit, most notably in Adonais 'his branded and ensanguined brow,jWhich was like Cain's or Christ's' (p. 153) but on others the religious images seem to have entered Shelley's poems almost unconsciously, as icons so widespread and pervasive that their religious origin has all but been effaced. 'Ozymandias' is a case in point. I have read the sonnet more times than I can recall, never pausing to ask myself why Shelley presented the statue in the way he did. After all, it is not an ecphrasis, and therefore has no external responsibility to the artefact it describes. According to Timothy Webb, Shelley might have been inspired by the illustrations to Richard Pococke's Description of the East (p. 194), but if this is so, they seem to have provided no more than a starting point. Although I do not have access to Pococke's original, I have been able to consult a Dutch translation (1776) in which the plates, keyed as they are into the text, must either have been borrowed from the original or have paraphrased them closely. One does indeed depict a statue of Memnon, massive-legged and placed on a plinth, but it is wholly intact and has, moreover, a benign facial expression. Another plate recording an image of Ozymandias the face of which is equally bland offers no scenic context, and therefore no sense of its scale. It is, moreover, diagrammatic in the extreme the hieroglyphic inscriptions, for example, are carefully enlarged. Clearly then, having no ecphrastic purpose in mind, Shelley's imagination broke down and recombined and recontextualized these fragmentary suggestions, and, in the process, fell back on iconographic habits so central to western art that they might well have risen unbidden from the unconscious. As a result of reading Salvatore Settis's brilliant book on Giorgione, I have found myself sensitized to visual idiosyncrasies in the poem that I had never before paused to analyze. Why, for example, does Shelley delete the trunk of the statue, and confront the viewer only with the legs on the plinth, and why

Early Modern

Thomas Cranmer: A Life. By Diarmaid MacCulloch Domestic Dangers: Women, Words and Sex in Early Modern London. By Laura Gowing Lancashire and Cheshire from AD 1540. By C. B. Phillips and J. H. Smith. Longman Monarchy and Matrimony: The Courtships of Elizabeth I. By Susan Doran Covenant and Commonwealth: From Christian Separation through the Protestant Reformation. By Daniel J. Elazar The Nerves of State: Taxation and the Financing of the English State. By Michael J. Braddick The Drake Manuscript. Foreword by Patrick O'Brian. Introduction by Verlyn Klinkenborg A Miracle Mirrored: The Dutch Republic in European Perspective. Edited by Karel Davids and Jan Lucassen The Military Revolution Debate: Readings on the Military Transformation of Early Modern Europe. Edited by Clifford J. Rogers The Religious Origins of the French Revolution: From Calvin to the Civil Constitution, 1560–1791. By Dale K. Van Kley Blood Ties and Fictive Ties: Adoption and Family Life in Early Modern France. By Kristin Elizabeth Gager European Proto‐Industrialization. Edited by Sheilagh C. Ogilvie and Markus Cerman English Medicine in the Seventeenth Century. By A. W. Sloan A Freeborn People: Politics and the Nation in Seventeenth‐Century England. By David Underdown Trials of an Ordinary Doctor: Johannes Groenevelt in Seventeenth‐Century London. By H. J. Cook The Civil Wars 1640–6. By Angela Anderson The English Civil War 1640–1649. By Martin Bennett Loyalty and Locality: Popular Allegiance in Devon during the Civil War. By Mark Stoyle Miracles and the Pulp Press during the English Revolution. By Jerome Friedman Oliver Cromwell. By Peter Gaunt Literal Figures: Puritan Allegory and the Reformation Crisis in Representation. By Thomas H. Luxon Progress and Poverty: An Economic and Social History of Britain 1700–1850. By M. J. Daunton Forbidden Texts: Erotic Literature and its Readers in Eighteenth‐Century France. By Jean Marie Goulemot Merchants and Luxury Markets: The Marchands Merciers of Eighteenth‐Century Paris. By Carolyn Sargentson Richard Pococke's Irish Tours. Edited by John McVeagh Russian Overseas Commerce with Great Britain during the Reign of Catherine II. By Herbert Kaplan Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy, Volume 1: From Peter the Great to the Death of Nicholas I. By Richard S. Wortman The Younger Pitt, Volume III: The Consuming Struggle. By John Ehrman

Bishop Richard Pococke

Journal Article Bishop Richard Pococke Get access R. Wyse Jackson R. Wyse Jackson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume CXCV, Issue nov11, 11 November 1950, Page 503, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/CXCV.nov11.503f Published: 11 November 1950

The Chalice and Paten of William Archer

It is curious that so exceptional and beautifully preserved an object as that reproduced in Fig. 1 should have escaped the attention it deserves. This silver-gilt chalice (no. 267) is among the liturgical objects of the Museo Cristiano in the Vatican Library at Rome. In the same collection is an equally exceptional and lovely paten (no. 254) which undoubtedly belonged with it (Fig. 2). The chalice is of importance in the history of the Irish Church and of marked significance in the development of Irish and English silverwork. The inscriptions on its base, which are a partial history of its adventurous wanderings, record that it was made for William filius Elie Archer, who was a citizen of Kilkenny at the close of the fifteenth century, and that it was restored in 1761 to its “sacred uses” by the famous bishop, Richard Pococke.

Richard Pococke, 1704-65

Richard Pococke, 1704-65 Get access H. C. H. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s9-VII, Issue 160, 19 January 1901, Page 46, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s9-VII.160.46 Published: 19 January 1901

The Travels through England of Dr. Richard Pococke

The Travels through England of Dr. Richard Pococke

New books

Abstract L'Indo‐Chine française : Étude politique, économique et administrative sur la Cochinchine, le Cambodge, l'Annam et le Tonkin. Par J.‐L. de Lanessak, etc. Avec 5 cartes. Paris : Félix Alcan, 1889. Pp. 760. The Civilisation of Sweden in Heathen Times. By Oscar Montelius, Ph.D., Professor at the National Historical Museum, Stockholm. Translated from the second Swedish edition, revised and enlarged by the Author, by Eev. F. H. Woods, B.D., Vicar of Chalfont St. Peter. With Maps and 205 Illustrations. London: Macmillan and Co., 1888. Pp. xvi. and 214. Price 14s. Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness. Vol. xiii., 1886–87. Inverness : Northern Chronicle Office, 1888. Pp. xiv. + 372. The Tour of Dr. Richard Pococke, Lord Bishop of Ossory, through Sutherland and Caithness in 1760, with Introduction and Notes by Daniel William Kemp. Printed at the Darien Press. Published by The Sutherland Association. Edinburgh, 1888. Sketches from a Tour through Holland and Germany. By J. P. Mahaffy and J. E. Rogers. London : Macmillan and Co., 1889. Pp. xv. and 271. Price 10s. 6d. The Land of Rubens: A Companion for Visitors to Belgium. By Conrad Burken Huet. Translated from the Dutch, and edited by Albert D. Vandam. London : Sampson Low and Co., 1888. Pp. 232. Price 3s. 6d. Switzerland: its Mountains, Valleys, Lakes, and Rivers. With 250 Illustrations. New and revised edition. London : J. S. Virtue and Co., 1889. Pp. 388. Price 15s. A Winter in Albania. By H. A. Brown ; Illustrations by 0. H. Brown. Pp. viii. and 395. London: Griffith, Farran, Okeden, and Welsh. 1888. Price 10s. 6d. Naples in 1888. By E. N. Rolfe and H. Ingleby. London : Trübner and Co. Price 7s. 6d, Pp. 262. The First Ascent of the Kasaï, being some Records of Service under the Lone Star, By Chaeles Someeville Lateobe Bateman, sometime Captain and Adjutant of Gendarmerie in the Congo Free State. With 57 Illustrations and 2 Maps. London: George Philip and Son, 1889. Pp. 185. Price 21s. The Least of all Lands : Seven Chapters on the Topography of Palestine. By William Miller, C.I.E., LL.D., Principal of the Madras Christian College, and Fellow of the University of Madras. London : Blackie and Son, 1888. Pp. 247. The Statesman's Year‐Booh for 1889. Edited by J. Scott Keltie, Librarian to the Royal Geographical Society. Twenty‐sixth Annual Publication. London : Macmillan and Co., 1889. Price 10s. 6d. Commercial Geography: based on the latest Researches and Statistical Returns. A complete Manual of the Countries of the World, their chief Centres of Trade and Means of Communication, their Natural Productions, Mineral Resources, Exports, Manufactures, etc. By Dr. Cael Zehden, Professor in the Handels‐Akademie of Vienna. Translated by Findlay Muiehead, M.A. London : Blackie and Son, 1889. Pp. 592. The Colony of New Zealand: Its History, Vicissitudes, and Progress. By William Gisboene. London : E. A. Petherick and Co., 1888. Pp. 360. Price 7s. 6d. The Northern Counties Red Book : Inverness, Northern Chronicle Office. Durch Bosnien. Von Svetozak Boeoevio’. Wien: Buch und Kunstdruckerei “ Stegermiihl.” The Florida of To‐day : A Guide for Tourists and Settlers. By James Wood Davidson, A.M. Pp. 254 ; with Maps and Illustrations. New York and London : D. Appleton and Co., 1889. Price 5s. A Guide to Trinidad: A Hand‐booh for the use of Tourists and Visitors. By J. H. Collens, Port of Spain. Second edition. London: Elliot Stock, 1888. Pp. 287. Price 6s. Making a Start in Canada : Letters from Two Young Emigrants. With an Introduction by Professor Alfred J. Church, M.A. Pp. xx. and 224. London : Seeley and Co., 1889. Price 2s. 6d.

XXVI. Remarks upon a petrified Echinus of a singular kind, shewn to the Royal Society, April 24, 1755, by the Reverend Richard Pococke, LL. D. Archdeacon of Dublin, and F. R. S. found on Bunnan's-Land, in the Parish of Bovingdon in Hertfordshire, which is a clay, and supposed to have been brought with the chalk, dug out of a pit

The round echinites are for the most part found in chalk-pits, and they are in general, when recent, the most tender in their shells; so that the chalk is the most favoruable bed for them to be preserved in long enough to be petrified; whereas in other kinds of matter these would be mouldered and destroyed.

XXXV. A letter upon the same subject from the Rev. Richard Pococke, LL. D. Archdeacon of Dublin, to the Rev. Tho. Birch, D. D. Secr. R. S

Dear Sir, I Received the favour of your obliging letter; and I return my hearty thanks to the Royal Society for their kind reception of the observations, which I sent them on the Giant's Causeway.