Rich Person Research Articles

Distributional Incidence of Indirect Taxation on Consumer Groups in Sri Lanka: A Descriptive Study

This study investigates how the indirect tax burden was distributed among households under different aspects. Sri Lanka's tax structure represents more indirect tax and significantly less direct tax income. Direct taxes satisfy the equity principle of taxation, while indirect tax is violated. Direct taxes are imposed according to the ability to pay. Persons who have a higher income will pay a higher rate of income tax, and persons who have less income will pay a lower rate of income tax. Unlike direct taxes, indirect taxes are paid by both rich and poor persons irrespective of their income level. Thus, the burden of the indirect tax will be badly impacted on poor households because when they purchase goods and services from the market, they pay a significant portion of indirect taxes compared with the average income. A consumer survey was performed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire under the light of the Stratified Convenient Sampling Method. One hundred fifteen commodity baskets were selected based on the Colombo Consumer Price Index under the broad categories of food and non-food and eleven subcategories of commodity groups. Colombo District was selected as the sample district. Four hundred eighty-two respondents were collected, representing low-income, middle-income, and high-income households. The descriptive and quantitative approach were used for the analysis. The findings of the study emphasized that the indirect tax burden rate of low-income households was significantly greater than the indirect tax burden rate of high-income households. The regressive effect was reflected in the findings, indicating that poor households are bearing a higher indirect tax burden rate in terms of average income and average expenditure. The derived Lorenz Curves and the calculated Gini Coefficients also emphasized the regressive effect of the indirect tax, presenting an upward-sloping Lorenz Curve and negative Gini Coefficient values.

Measuring income inequality via percentile relativities

The adage “the rich are getting richer” refers to increasingly skewed and heavily-tailed income distributions. For such distributions, the mean is not the best measure of the center, but the classical indices of income inequality, including the celebrated Gini index, are mean based. In view of this, it has been proposed in the literature to incorporate the median into the definition of the Gini index. In the present paper we make a further step in this direction and, to acknowledge the possibility of differing viewpoints, investigate three median-based indices of inequality. These indices overcome past limitations, such as: (1) they do not rely on the mean as the center of, or a reference point for, income distributions, which are skewed, and are getting even more heavily skewed; (2) they are suitable for populations of any degree of tail heaviness, and income distributions are becoming increasingly such; and (3) they are unchanged by, and even discourage, transfers among the rich persons, but they encourage transfers from the rich to the poor, as well as among the poor to alleviate their hardship. We study these indices analytically and numerically using various income distribution models. Real-world applications are showcased using capital incomes from 2001 and 2018 surveys from fifteen European countries.

Strategy formulation to support automation and digitalization initiative: A case study of an aerospace component manufacturer in Indonesia

Purpose: Strategy formulation is part of organization design study to evaluate decision thoroughly, then enable organization to achieve company goal. This study aims to formulate strategy of automation and digitalization for PT XYZ, to be ready for welcoming future growth of demand by maintain competitive cost within the same industry. Method: The study collects primary data from focus group discussion with selected participant of PT XYZ, located in Bandung, Indonesia, with participant selection based on information rich person reference. Data collection and analysis utilize qualitative and quantitative approach, and utilize three steps of strategy formulation (input stage, matching stage and decision stage). Results: Strategy formulation steps as per theory, applicable to finalize strategy to support industry 4.0 transformation at PT XYZ. Focus Group Discussion able to collect organization aspiration, to ensure strategy will align to company objective. Combine steps with latest internal and external factor analysis method, such as PESTLE (Political Economy Social Technological Environment), VRIO (Value Rarity InImitable Organize), Porter Value Chain analysis and QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) help broaden the perspective of the participant during discussion. The study resulted eight strategies, which then simplified by data reduction approach to be four. A decision of sequence implementation also agreed during focus group discussion with participants. Contributions: By conducting this study, author expect it will prove the practical implementation of strategy formulation in industry 4.0 transformation for aerospace industry in Indonesia and Asia.

Apologia osoby ludzkiej w nauczaniu Benedykta XVI

The author shows the teaching of Benedict XVI about the human person as its one great apologia. This apologia was about the primacy of God in all areas of human life, and thus it was also an apologia for man as a human person created in the image of God. How did the Pope seek to defend the human person? First of all, he considered every human person to be a specific center of social life, since each person, in one’s spiritual and moral dimension, is the source and goal of all human activity. Therefore, he had appealed for the promotion of a culture of respect for each such person, i.e. treating a rich person on an equal footing with an unborn, poor, starving, persecuted, economically exploited, without access to knowledge, in a word, everyone humiliated by unethical and harmful practices. He also recognized that the defense of the human person is also the defense of the common good, and vice versa. What was he protecting the person from? Against modern ideologies: biological reductionism, relativism, badly understood ecology. How did he protect it? First of all by showing its origin, greatness as well as inalienable dignity and vocation of the human person.

Cultural Footprint. Rich Personality of the Teacher as a Factor of the Development of Scientific Schooling

Between November 1st to 2nd, 2023 the Faculty of Philology of Moscow State University held a scientific and methodological seminar Linguodidactic description of the Russian language in the “mirror” of foreign language systems, dedicated to the 95th anniversary of the birth of Professor M. V. Vsevolodova and her scientific heritage. An outstanding scientist, Doctor of Philology, Honored Professor of Moscow State University, Honorary Professor of the Shanghai University of Foreign Languages, Maya Vladimirovna Vsevolodova was at the origins of the creation of one of the most important applied areas in Russian studies — Russian as a foreign language (RFL). She was one of the founders of the linguodidactic scientific school in the field of RFL, as well as in the field of functional communicative grammar. The seminar was attended by famous scientists (E. L. Barkhudarova, L. P. Klobukova, A. V. Velichko, V. V. Krasnykh) and young teachers from different universities of Russia (Kazan Federal University, Vladivostok State University, etc.). Over two days of work, seminar participants listened to 35 reports. Most of the reports were devoted to the personality of Maya Vladimirovna along with her scientific and teaching activities. In his opening address Professor A. A. Lipgart called the seminar an important scientific event and wished the participants interesting creative reports. On the first day of the seminar O. V. Chagina and L. P. Klobukova spoke of the unique personality, intellect, and work of Maya Vladimirovna. E. L. Barkhudarova devoted her report to Vsevolodova’s textbook of Russian phonetics for Polish speakers, a model of a nationally oriented pronunciation course. On the second day of the seminar there were two sections — Grammar and Cultural Studies. The work of both was opened by reports from teachers of the Russian Language Department of the MGIMO University. N. D. Afanasyeva, in her report, emphasized the importance of considering the characteristics of the national mentality of students, the need not only to give students knowledge about the Russian language as a system, but also to include them in Russianlanguage communication. The presentation contained many striking examples, which aroused great interest among the audience. T. L. Borisenko shared her experience of teaching verb types in the RFL practical grammar course. As on the first day of the seminar, on November 2nd, some of the reports were of a memorial nature and were dedicated directly to the personality of Maya Vladimirovna. The cultural significance of the work of Maya Vladimirovna Vsevolodova, the creator of a scientific school, a wonderful scientist and wise mentor who raised more than one generation of Russian scholars, goes beyond her time: her students continue her work today in different parts of the world.

A Comparative Study of Fiduciary Duty Examination Systems in Corporate Decision-Making

In recent years, China has witnessed a surge in corporate governance irregularities both internally and externally. Terms like "financial scandals" have frequently trended, drawing high attention from the general public and causing significant damage to China's financing environment. Even though there are complex regulations in place, there are still speculators who, under the guise of legal decision-making processes, act dishonestly, making it difficult to prevent. Perhaps we should consider introducing a fiduciary duty system and learning from the legal systems of the United States and the United Kingdom to protect the interests of small and minority shareholders. In the state of Delaware, often referred to as the world's corporate capital, a shareholder lawsuit involving "the world's richest person," Elon Musk, and his prideful Tesla company unfolded in the Delaware Chancery Court. It immediately attracted the attention of business owners, investors, and corporate legal scholars from across the United States and the world. Since Tesla officially announced the acquisition of Musk's affiliated enterprise in 2016, SolarCity, founded by his cousins, a protracted legal battle initiated by a substantial group of plaintiffs lasted for over five years, finally coming to an end in early 2022 with Musk's victory. This enduring lawsuit, centered around whether Musk violated his fiduciary duties to minority shareholders under Delaware corporate law, with its lengthy process, complex evidence, and the judge's astute rulings, has provided us with insights into the examination logic and techniques applied by top-tier corporate law regarding fiduciary duties. This holds significant guiding significance for the subsequent amendments and practices of China's Company Law.

Lord Krishna as a Teacher: Exploring his Teachings in the Bhagavad Gita

Bhagavad Gita is a Hindu religious text that is mentioned as part of the battle between Lord Krishna and Arjuna on the battlefield of Mahabharata. In the Gita, Lord Krishna advises Arjuna on valuable lessons and moral aspects of life. This work may refer to teachings found in the Bhagavad Gita, such as the advice on equality between action and non-action, the competition and focus on the results of the path, asking for self-examination, the advice on responsibility to family and society, judging. Role of love and devotion etc. By applying Lord Krishna's advice in various areas of life, one can lead a person to an established valuable life. Also its historical career and importance of Gita can be mentioned by introducing Bhagavad Gita. For example, the influence of the Gita can be found in various religions, theoretical and ethical thought and world scriptures of the Indian subcontinent. Essays can review how the Bhagavad Gita has influenced the lives of educators and can be used as a model for teaching tragic and moral lessons through students. In short the Bhagavad Gita can guide people on the path of improvement in life and morality as Lord Krishna's teacher using quotations and explanations. His teachings on the Gita can help people to move towards higher ideals and develop a rich and complete human personality.

ANTHROPOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF H. S. SKOVORODA IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN NATIONAL STATE-FORMING PROCESSES

The philosophical symbolism of H. Skovoroda’s works lies in wisdom, congenial work, seeing the big in the small, unveiling mysteries through the symbolic world. Skovoroda states that to be a human-being is to be a philosopher. The aim of philosophy is to reawaken the main mottos of the Age of Enlightenment (honor, dignity, freedom, justice, solidarity, morality). Creating open society in Ukraine on the basis of these mottos is the aim of the modern national state-building. The aim of the article is to ascertain the influence and meaning of the philosophical and anthropological problems in the works of H. S. Skovoroda for building open society in the modern Ukraine. Methodology of the study is complex and based on the social-philosophical and historic-philosophical analysis of anthropological problems in the works by H. S. Skovoroda and its significance for finding personal freedom and building open society. The leading methodological tools are fundamental research basics of the scientific analysis – principles of objectivity, systematicity, integrity, unity of the historic and the logical, determinism, development, and interrelation. Methodology of social and symbolic representations, ethnic representations, and structural functionalism has been used. Results. As Ukraine is experiencing complex social and political processes, the philosophical works by H. S. Skovoroda acquires special importance: formation and preservation of the Ukrainian national identity, national values, morality, and culture. The society needs politically-minded citizens with clear ideas about the prospects of the state development. Researching works of Skovoroda, one can trace the development of the human spirit: an internally-devastated person devoid of life reference points is gradually adapting to the life in society, overcomes the discrepancies between the singular and the whole finding a compromise in the relations with the world around them. The fates of the people and the nation, language and the state were the key problems which H. S. Skovoroda thoroughly and passionately analyzed through the perspective of universal human values. Conclusions. The modern Ukrainian society needs people in harmony with themselves and the world who work on improving themselves and the society. Such people should be able to overcome both their own internal contradictions and the conflicts in society and the world. Putting significant hope on the human-being as the creator of the new morality, H. Skovoroda believed in the possibility of building solid foundations of the state. An internally rich person and citizen is going to contribute to harmony of the nature, the world, human relations focusing on the issues of good and love as integral attributes of the human existence. The writer considered such personalities to be able to carry peace and unity to the unstable reality full of life challenges and to oppose the alienation, absurdity, and insignificance of the human existence.

Teaching Culture of Others through English Literature

The diversity of the culture in the world is a given thing. Billions of people from different countries in the world have produced varieties of civilizations, ways of life, lifestyle, custom, heritage, habits, values, and traditions. It is hypothesized understanding the culture of different people can be valuable to the student’s character building. The comprehension of multicultural can be modality to be more aware of cultural dissimilarities. They can respect any variance of people whose backgrounds, minds, opinion and may behave in ways that are not the same. Besides, the possession of rich knowledge of diverse cultures can bridge them to take interpersonal communication in friendly ways. Nonfiction kinds of literature, science books as well as historical books are not the only sources to study multicultural. Doing literature reading comprehension is another method to open the horizon of the existing variability of culture. The paper presents descriptively the teaching experience of how the students of the University in Tulungagung, Indonesia got to practice learning the culture of people in different areas of the world through extensive reading. The teaching materials cope with the introduction of the theory of literature, how are the cultures told by the author, and why is it important to comprehend literature? How multicultural literacy has inspired the students 'live performance. The teaching goal aims to let the students learn something good or positive about the culture of people of others delivered by the writers of poems, novels, and drama. The broader insights of life experiences, religion, beliefs, and customs of other people can bridge the friendship of ethnicity, race, and social status across the world. Being not a closed mind human beings can appreciate or respect others, avoid underestimating, bullying, any violence, and being the right, the best, and the richest person.

Edukasi Harga Konstan Rokok Djarum 76: Kajian Idealitas Psikologi Tasawuf Seorang Muslim

PT Djarum is a large cigarette company with a worldwide market share. It is interesting to study why one of Djarum 76's products can have a constant price under any circumstances. Through qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, the research shows: that the Djarum company is the producer of Djarum 76, it can achieve success because it is always consistent in its business so that it can lead its owner to become the richest person in Indonesia. Humans must cultivate the quality of their faith and piety consistently, then their life will be constant. God's help will come in a reciprocal relationship with the needs of a servant. Research implications, narrative experiences bring thought and faith to be consistent in life in various circumstances. Research is expected to contribute to the science of the psychology of Sufism

Crafting Future Memories

Myths of gendered labour and specifically the masculinisation of certain forms of artisanship are bothsteeped in Victorian colonial ideals of female respectability that serve to exclude unemployed, educatedwomen from market relevant, lucrative jobs in carpentry trades, in the city of Lagos, West Africa. Thesehist orically situated dynamics of social exclusion expose an increasing number of educated women topoverty in one of Africa's primary economic hubs. Utilising the linguistic devices of rich descriptionsand first person accounts in this reflective paper, and drawing data from culturally groundedethnographic research on a female carpentry training project in the city, I examine how the communitieswhich emerged from the project negotiate socio economic, familial, and historical constraints in aneffort to buil d new, inclusive training pathways and craft alternative future narratives of gendered labourpractices in Lagos.Keywords

Алико Данготе – самый богатый человек Африки

The article is devoted to the description of the business career and economic activities of Aliko Dangote, who for many years has been the richest person on the African continent and one of the richest people in the world, included in their first hundred. Aliko Dangote's business success cannot be attributed to chance or luck. This is a representative of a family business empire, which was founded by his maternal great-grandfather, Alhasan Dantata, a North African merchant whose activities were tied to strong and long-term relationships with European business partners. The activity of his great-grandson Aliko Dangote is connected with the production and trade of sugar, rice, food products of daily demand, however, Aliko Dangote brings super profits from his company for the production and trade of cement and other building materials. It should be noted that it is this person who will soon own the largest oil refinery in the world.

Clement of Alexandria and His Sermon “Who Is a Rich Man That Is Saved”

The article is devoted to the analysis of the sermon of Clement of Alexandria “Who Is a Rich Man That Is Saved”. It was written at the end of the 2nd century in Alexandria and addressed to educated and wealthy young people who feared that they would not be able to save if they did not give up their earthly riches. Clement argued that Jesus did not exclude the rich from the Heavenly Kingdom, but gave instructions on how the rich should act in order to achieve salvation. Poverty in itself is not a virtue, and money can serve good purposes. The rich should practice detachment from wealth and simplicity of life, and in addition, give alms; the poor have special spiritual gifts, and their prayers protect a rich person from temptation in this world. Clement actively used Stoic and Middle Platonic concepts and terms, but attempts to combine the ancient philosophical tradition and the Old Testament doctrine of redemptive alms led to contradictions in his teaching.

Research on the Influence of the Expansion of Traditional Film Aesthetics on Alleviating the Psychological Anxiety of the Audience in the Era of Digital Technology

In recent years, due to the spread of COVID-19, various problems caused by college students’ anxiety are common, which has attracted the attention of many researchers. Research shows that the anxiety level of social groups is getting higher and higher, and the mental health status is also decreasing year by year. It can be seen that anxiety has become one of the important obstacles to people’s mental health. At present, the intervention research on anxiety focuses on medical psychological nursing, and the intervention research specifically aimed at film audiences is relatively few. Tibetan Buddhist teacher Jongsa Chiang Yangkhin Chol Rinpoche said: film is the modern thangka. It is like a smart clown, opened the bathrobe of civilization, mouth hanging a strange smile, it is like an elegant wise man, insight into the secret of life, eyes full of compassion. Touching films are like realistic psychological cases, which are the analysis, disclosure and treatment of human nature, but also the guidance, inspiration and encouragement of the soul. Movies show us the rich and unique personality and complex and subtle emotions in three dimensions. Through movies, we examine the changes in our hearts and find the scale for self-revelation. Through movies, we travel in our own spiritual world and thus obtain the observation of our mind. This is the secret of movie healing.The development of high-tech film, especially the application of digital technology in film production, is the new trend of film technology development and the result of the concept change of the combination of science and art under the condition of post industrial revolution. In the digital technology era, the expansion of traditional film aesthetics can become a new means of psychological counseling and treatment, which has its unique advantages.

Empowering Humanity: The Role of Bait ul-Mal in Alleviating Poverty and Fostering Compassion

This article examines the value of establishing a Bait Ul-Mal facility where it is required. Where improvised, destitute, poverty-stricken, or impecunious individuals exist, a bait ul-mal facility is necessary. It is a one-stop place for those needing some life necessities to receive help. It can be funded by the government or by private citizens eager to assist needy people. Notably, it can improve upon the needs of improvised individuals and the paradigm of the poverty mentality. This article also highlights numerous verses from the Quran and the sayings of the Prophet regarding poor and needy individuals. It also highlights the benefits of caring for those in need. Many governments instinctively overlook or do not have policies or programs to address the poverty mentality of beneficiaries. This article introduces the concept of the mentality of poverty and how to address this crippling paradigm among many poverty-stricken individuals. It further highlights how Bait Ul Mal, Zakah, and governments work together to assist those in need. This article also presents a treatment plan for a poor person in comparison with a rich person. It addresses the value of the Bait ul-Mal facility being available to older people and the virtues of feeding financially inferior individuals—the actions of one of the greatest Muslim leaders in caring for those in need.

The Answer to the Global Competition against Climate Change with A Price of $ 100 Million was Initiated and Sponsored by Billionaire Elon musk.

The greenhouse effect caused by greenhouse gases, especially CO2, causes global climate change, causing many disasters for humans. Until today, people still have no effective measures to fix it, billionaire Elon Musk, the richest person on this planet, not only rich in finance but also extremely rich in compassion, dares to sacrifice a large amount of money. US$10 million sponsors and initiates this contest. If we don't quickly overcome the greenhouse effect, human civilization will collapse

The Superiority Complex of Eleanor in Crazy Rich Asians

Crazy Rich Asians is one of the movies that is adapted from literature. In this thesis I am analyzing this movie because of the depiction of a rich person, Eleanor Young, who has an underlying inferiority. However, she shows that she has a superiority over others to cover inferiority. Therefore, in this thesis I am interested in analyzing the superiority complex that was portrayed by Eleanor in the movie and the impact for other characters. In the analysis I use Alfred Adler’s theory of superiority complex. The findings show that Eleanor's superiority complex is shown through her action and behavior, her speech, and her characteristic traits. Her superiority complex affects other characters, who are Nick and Rachel. As a result, Eleanor does not have a good relationship with Nick and Rachel and she portrays her superiority complex.

Philosophical Thoughts in Thirukkural

Every human being should do virtue as much as possible. A richest person will not attain happiness until he spends his money in charity and by spending so he will get more pleasure. Virtue adds pride to human life. There is no wealth better than virtue. In today's civilized world, morality is the number one thing that mankind lacks. The first wealth that one can acquire is education. Education is a tool that opens man's knowledge. If a man has good knowledge, no powerful enemy can destroy him and it protects him from his sufferings. The mind is like a cow and it tends to go where ever its feet go. Having good knowledge stops a person from doing evil things. When friends do immoral things, it is our duty to take him into the right path. In this way, this article examines morality, education, moral ideas and knowledge.

Private liability without wrongdoing

Rights-based theories of private law tend to be wrongs based and defendant focused. But many private law wrongs do not seem like genuine wrongs, at least when the background distribution of resources is unjust. A very poor person, for example, may be held legally liable for breaching a one-sided contract with a very rich person. When such a contract reflects and reproduces existing injustice, it is hard to view the poor person’s breach of such a contract as a genuine wrong against the rich person. Conversely, some obvious moral wrongs do not generate legal liability. There is, for example, no private law duty of rescue in the absence of a prior relationship in many situations in which most would agree that there is a moral duty of rescue. Thus, private legal liability seems not to track moral wrongdoing in significant respects, raising the question what instead justifies such liability. Instead of justifying private liability in terms of the defendant’s wrongdoing, as corrective justice and civil recourse theorists do, we should seek a justification in terms of the plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her apparent rights. Switching our gaze from the defendant’s wrongdoing to the plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her rights will not be normatively consequential if the plaintiff’s moral permission arises when and only when the defendant has wronged her. But, I argue, background injustice can drive a wedge between genuine wrongdoing and the plaintiff’s moral permission. Thus, by reconceptualizing private liability in terms of a plaintiff’s moral permission to enforce her apparent rights, private law may be justified by the essential role it plays in constituting non-ideal political morality.

ANTITRUST AND INEQUALITY

ANTITRUST AND INEQUALITY