Rice Yellow Stem Borer Scirpophaga Research Articles

Efficacy of Biopesticides for the Management of Rice Yellow Stem Borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) in Rice at Prayagraj, U.P, India

The present experiment was conducted to highlight the Efficacy of biopesticides for the management of rice yellow stem borer [scirpophaga incertulas (Walker)] at prayagraj, U.P, India. The eight treatments comprised of different insecticides and biopesticides. Metarhizium anisopliae (T1), Bacillus thuringiensis 1.15% (T2), Beauveria bassiana 1.15% (T3), Verticillium lecanii1.15% (T4), Neem oil 5% (T5), Eucalyptus oil5% (T6), Imidacloprid 17.8%SL (T7), one untreated Control (T8) were evaluated against rice stem borer. The different insecticides and biopesticides treatments revealed that the minimum dead hearts, were recorded in synthetic insecticides, Imidacloprid 17.8%SL followed by Beauveria bassiana 1.15%, Metarhizium anisopliae. The minimum dead heart percentages Imidacloprid 17.8%SL were observed in as compared to the natural dead heart of per cent being noticed in untreated control. The percent of the dead heart infestation among the treatments are notices as Metarhizium anisopliae (T1) Bacillus thuringiensis 1.15%WP (T2), Beauveria bassiana 1.15%WP (T3), Verticillium lecanii1.15%WP (T4), Neem oil 5% (T5), Eucalyptus oil5% (T6), Imidacloprid 17.8%SL(T7), The yield and cost benefit ratio of the data revealed that the highest yield was recorded in the Imidacloprid 17.8%SL @46.66q/ha with highest Benefit-cost ratio of 1:3.47 followed by Bacillus thuringiensis 1.15% @ 38.33 q/ha with benefit cost ratio of 1:2:77 Beauveria bassiana 1.15% @ 43.33q/ha with benefit cost ratio of 1:3:27, Verticillium lecanii 1.15%@ 36.66q/ha with benefit cost ratio of 1:2:73, Neem oil 5% @ 33.33q/ha with benefit cost ratio of 1:2:46, Eucalyptus oil5%@ 31.66 q/ha with benefit cost ratio of 1:2:35, Metarhizium anisopliae @41.66q/ha with benefit cost ratio of 1:3:13. The chemicals shows better results in combating to the pest infestation compare to biopesticides and botanicals.

Relative efficacy of selected insecticides to check rice yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) at Hooghly, West Bengal, India

Rice yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas Walker is one of the major destructive insect pests rendering huge crop damage. Nine insecticide formulations, either solely or in combinations were applied in the rice (var. Lalat) field for two consecutive seasons during 2019-2021 to assess their efficacy to suppress YSB population and to stabilize yield. The combination of flubendiamide (480 SC) @80 g a.s.ha-1 on 45 DAT and deltamethrin (1%) + triazophos (35%) @300 g a.i.ha-1 on 80 DAT, treated the rice crop, recorded minimum YSB incidence (4.14 egg clutches, 4.78 larvae and adults 3.17/5 hills) and damage (2.12% dead hearts (DH) and 1.47 white ear (WE). This treatment gave significantly higher grain yield (3.63 t ha-1), an increase of 45.78 per cent over control. The incidence (12.21 egg clutches, 14.12 larvae and adults 11.76/5 hills) and crop damage (14.83 DH and 11.10% WE) was maximum in the treatment, neem seed kernel extract (5%) @50 ml L-1 at 15 day intervals after transplanting and neem leaf extract (5%) @7 ml a.s. L-1 on 35, 50, 65 and 80 DAT, resulting in minimum yield (2.88 t ha-1). Other combinations of insecticide application gave variable results.

Resistant performance of T10 Rojolele transgenic rice events harboring cry1B::cry1Aa fusion genes against the rice yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk

Rice yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk) (rice YSB) is one of the most important insect pests in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant damage caused by the pest attack in all growth stages could significantly reduce yield. Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis are known to be effective against rice YSB, therefore transgenic rice events cv Rojolele harbouring the cry1B::cry1Aa fusion genes driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter have been developed to improve rice resistance. To determine that the resistant traits has been stably inherited and expressed, in-planta and in-vitro bioassays of the T10 generation were performed on 6 independent transgenic rice events using the 1st instar larvae of rice YSB. In-planta bioassay was performed on 5-week-old rice plants grown in pots in a transgenic glasshouse, in 7 replicates. Each plant was invested with 20 1st instar larvae of rice YSB. The in-vitro bioassay was performed using the stems of the transgenic rice events against 10 1st instar larvae of rice YSB, in aerated Petri dishes in a culture room under room temperature, in three replicates. Results showed that the T10 generation of the transgenic rice events stably maintained the transgene integration and their resistance against the rice YSB.

Efficacy of tetraniliprole 200sc against rice yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas (wlk.) and leaf folder cnaphalocrocis medinalis guen.

Efficacy of tetraniliprole 200sc against rice yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas (wlk.) and leaf folder cnaphalocrocis medinalis guen.

Future of Rice Yellow Stem Borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) Under Changing Climate

Status of rice yellow stem borer (YSB) during kharif was predicted for future periods (2030, 2050, 2080 and 2100) under A1B emission scenario of changing climate and compared with past (2011) and current (2016) periods for six rice-growing agro-climatic locations in India. Location-specific predictions for YSB severity (high, moderate and low) were developed combining criteria on weather variables and population levels of YSB adults in light trap based on rules of prediction. Validation of weather-based prediction rules on YSB for kharif (22–44 standard meteorological weeks) of 2011–2016 indicated varying degrees of accuracies for locations [> 80% for Ludhiana (Punjab); > 70% for Raipur (Chhattisgarh) and Karjat (Maharashtra)] and seasons [35–61% at Chinsurah (West Bengal); 17–87% at Mandya (Karnataka) and 35–100% at Aduthurai (Tamil Nadu)]. Prediction accuracies for 2016 were > 80% at all locations, but 48% at Chinsurah (West Bengal). Decline in ‘high severity’ during 2016 (the present period) over 2011(the past period) was noted at Raipur (CG) and Mandya (KA). ‘Low severity’ of YSB at present over past periods was documented at Chinsurah (WB) and Raipur (CG) with no changes at Karjat (MH) and Aduthurai (TN). Predicted YSB severity levels for future periods, viz. 2030, 2050, 2080 and 2100 using the temperature and rainfall projections of emission scenario of A1B indicated an increasing moderate severity of YSB at Ludhiana and Chinsurah in 2050 and the absence of high severity among five locations except Chinsurah in 2100. Increase in moderate and high severity levels between 2030 and 2050 followed by its decline in 2080–2100 at Mandya and the lowest severity almost throughout all periods at Aduthurai were the projected YSB status. While extreme weather events, especially high and unseasonal rains and associated fluctuating weather conditions can have negative impact on YSB severity, the future projected status of YSB implies its lesser significance over the present period of 2016 with rare outbreaks in the context of changing climate.

Seasonal incidence of rice yellow stem borer Scirphophaga incertulas (Walker)

Survey was carried out on the incidence of rice yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas on two rice cultivars (Thanu and IT sanna) in two locations of Shivamogga district, i.e., Purle and Holehunnur areas during kharif 2016. Infestation in the form of dead hearts and white ear when analysed for seasonal variations, it was observed that dead hearts were maximum during the first week of August and white ears during the first week of September. Among the two locations, incidence was comparatively high in Purle area, and dead hearts and white ears were to an extent of 13.4 and 7.3% on Thanu cultivar; and it was 9.9 and 7.6% for IT (sanna) at the Holehunnur area, respectively.

Behaviour of rice yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas in artificial rearing

Behaviour of rice yellow stem borer <i>Scirpophaga incertulas</i> in artificial rearing

Management of Rice Yellow Stem Borer Scirpophaga insertulas (Walker) using Different Formulations of Insect Sex Pheromone in West Bengal

Management of Rice Yellow Stem Borer Scirpophaga insertulas (Walker) using Different Formulations of Insect Sex Pheromone in West Bengal

Rice crop stage susceptibility to the rice yellow stemborer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

From field trials with artificial infestation of rice yellow stemborer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (YSB) egg masses over the post-transplanted crop cycle and reports in the literature, it was concluded that rice passes through three stages of general morphological resistance interceded by two stages of susceptibility. Resistance occurs on very young rice, at mid-growth, and after panicle exsertion. The resistant period at mid-growth varied by plant maturity. On an early maturing rice variety (IR72), resistance occurred from panicle initiation (PI) to pre-booting, while on the medium maturing IR70, resistance was extended from the late vegetative stage to booting. High deadheart (severed tiller) densities occurred post transplanting because, being small, up to three tillers are damaged by a single larva. Whiteheads (severed panicles) were formed from infestations from booting onwards and were relatively higher than deadhearts on the early maturing variety but relatively less on the medium maturing variety. Zinc deficiency delayed maturity of IR72, and the period of naturally high resistance of seedlings was extended throughout most of the vegetative stage as well as after PI through pre-booting. Resistance at mid-growth and after panicle exsertion could be from: (1) lignin and cellulose deposits on the cell walls, (2) tight wrapping of the leaf sheath, and (3) deposition of silica. All three trials produced similar quadratic models of the yield response to crop age when infested. Deadheart damage was compensated to a large degree, but lowest yields occurred from whitehead damage when infested at or just after the pre-booting stage.