Rhizomes Of Acorus Tatarinowii Research Articles

Two New Biphenylpropanoids from the Rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii

Two New Biphenylpropanoids from the Rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii

Chiral resolution, absolute configuration, and bioactivity of a new racemic asarone derivative from the rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii

A new asarone-derived racemate (1) was isolated from the rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii. The structure of 1 was established by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, and it was successfully resolved by chiral HPLC, demonstrating that it is racemic. The absolute configurations of 1a [(−)-acortatarone A] and 1b [(+)-acortatarone A] were determined using quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 1a and 1b were the first cases of asarone derivatives with the 5,7-dialkyl-6-aryl-8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-2-one core. The α-glucosidase inhibitory and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities of 1 were evaluated, and it exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with potency close to that of the positive control (acarbose).

New lignans attenuating cognitive deterioration of Aβ transgenic flies discovered in Acorus tatarinowii

Five new lignan racemates, (±)-tatarinoid D–H (1–5), and three known analogues (6–8) were isolated from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii. Their structures were established by 1D, 2D-NMR, HR-MS, IR and optical spectral data. Among them, 1 and 6–8 can alleviate the cognitive deterioration of Aβ transgenic flies.

Two pairs of chlorine-containing phenylpropanoid enantiomers from Acorus tatarinowii

Two pairs of chlorine-containing phenylpropanoid enantiomers (1a/1b and 2a/2b) were isolated from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii. Interestingly, these optical isomers (1a/1b and 2a/2b) were co-existed in the same plant, which were characterized as the first halogen-containing natural products from the genus Acorus. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analysis and a single-crystal X-ray diffraction, assisted by a modified Mosher’s method. The phenylpropanoid isomers (1a/1b and 2a/2b) were evaluated for their antioxidant activities using DPPH assay and cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines.

Anti-neuroinflammatory asarone derivatives from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii

A novel 7-O-7′ type mesomeric neolignan,meso-asarolignan A (1), six pairs of new neolignan enantiomers, (±)-asarolignan B–G (2a/2b,3a/3b,4–6,7a/7b), along with 16 known analogues (8–23) were isolated from the rhizomes ofAcorus tatarinowii.

Cytotoxic Lignans and Sesquiterpenoids from the Rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii.

Five new compounds, including a rare phenyldihydronaphthalene lignanamide (1), an unusual hybrid-norlignan derivative (2), a rare cycloheptenone oxide derivative (3), one new acorane-type sesquiterpenoid (4), and one new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoid (5), together with seven known compounds (6-12), have been isolated from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii. The structures of compounds 1-5 were determined by means of extensive spectroscopic methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is first report of a phenyldihydronaphthalene lignanamide and hybrid-norlignan and cycloheptenone oxide derivatives from the genus Acorus. In addition, compound 5 represents the first guaiane-type sesquiterpenoid with an epoxy group located between C-6 and C-9 from natural sources. Compounds 1-12 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against five tumor cell lines. Among them, 2, 3, 5, and 10 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 2.11-9.23 µM.

(±)-Acortatarinowins A-F, Norlignan, Neolignan, and Lignan Enantiomers from Acorus tatarinowii.

Three pairs of new 8-O-4'-type dinorneolignan enantiomers, (±)-acortatarinowins A-C (1a/1b-3a/3b), a pair of new 8-O-4'-type (4a/4b) and a pair of rare C7-C8'-type (5a/5b) neolignan enantiomers, (±)-acortatarinowins D and E, and a pair of new furofuran-type lignan enantiomers, (±)-acortatarinowin F (6a/6b), along with two pairs of known lignan enantiomers (7a/7b and 8a/8b), were obtained from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii. The separation of 1-8 by chiral HPLC using a Daicel IC column led to the isolation of eight pairs of enantiomers, 1a/1b-8a/8b, which had variable enantiomeric excess (ee) values of approximately 66, 71, 63, 60, 0, 38, 48, and 75%, respectively. The structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic and chemical methods, and their absolute configurations were determined by a combined analysis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and a modified Mosher's method, assisted by experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Among them, compounds 1a, 3a, 6b, 8a, and 8b showed weak inhibitory activities against NO production in activated macrophages with IC50 values ranging from 23.3 to 38.0 μM, respectively.

New sesquiterpenoids from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii

Four novel acoranes (1–4), a new cadinane (5), and a new guaiane (6), together with six known sesquiterpenoids, were isolated from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), CD exciton chirality, and an in situ dimolybdenum CD method. The anti-Alzheimer effects of all isolates were evaluated by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibition assays.

Chemical constituents from rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii

Fifteen compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of Acorus tatarinowii by means of various chromatographic techniques such as silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated as tatanone A (1), calamusenone (2), acoronene (3), 2-acetyloxyacoronene (4), acorenone (5), alpha-asarone (6), beta-asarone (7), 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(1'Z-propenyl) benzene (8), methyleugenol (9), asarylaldehyde (10), acoramone (11), gamma-asarone (12), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (13), galgravin (14) and eudesmin (15) on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis. Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 3-5 were separated from Acorus species for the first time.

Antidepressant-like effects of essential oil and asarone, a major essential oil component from the rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii

Context: Depression is one of the most common psychiatric diseases. Acorus tatarinowii Schott (Araceae) has shown many bioactivities in treatment of senile dementia and epilepsy. However, there is no report on antidepressant-like effects of the essential oil (EO) and its major components on animals under standardized experimental procedures.Objective: This study was designed to investigate the antidepressant properties of EO and asarones from the rhizomes of A. tatarinowii.Materials and methods: Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to determine the composition of EO. The forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and open-field test (OFT) were used to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of EO and asarones. EO [30, 60, 120 or 240 mg/kg, per os (p.o.)], asarones (α-asarone and β-asarone) [5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)] and imipramine (15 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered at 1 h, 30 min and 30 min before the test, respectively.Results: From the results of GC/MS, it was found that the main components of the EO were α-asarone (9.18%) and β-asarone (68.9%). From the results of FST and TST, the immobility time can be reduced to 166 ± 17 s (p < 0.01) and 146 ± 15 s (p < 0.05) by EO at the dose of 120 mg/kg. Moreover, significant antidepressant-like effects were shown by α-asarone with the immobility time of 178 ± 15 s (p < 0.05) and 159 ± 17 s (p < 0.01) in FST, or 147 ± 12 (p < 0.05) and 134 ± 12 s (p < 0.01) in TST at the dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg. β-Asarone also displayed antidepressant-like effects with an immobility time of 179 ± 18 s (p < 0.05) in FST or 142 ± 14 (p < 0.05) in TST at 20 mg/kg. However, no change in ambulation was observed in the OFT.Conclusion: The results obtained indicate that the EO and asarones from the rhizomes of A. tatarinowii can be considered as a new therapeutic agent for curing depression.

The antialgal activity of 40 medicinal plants against Microcystis aeruginosa

In search of a botanical algicide, 40 traditional medicinal plants were screened for antialgal activity against the bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa using coexistence culture system assay. The results of the coexistence assay showed that significant inhibition of the algae at 800 mg L−1 were observed for methanolic extracts of the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae), rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii (Rhizoma Acori), rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum (Rhizoma Polygoni), cortex of Phellodendron amurense (Cortex Phellodendri), and fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida (Fructus Crataegi). Methanol extract of these plants were further partitioned with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and acetone to obtain allelopathically active fractions with various polarity. Among these fractions tested, the ethyl acetate extract of S. miltiorrhiza was observed to be more efficient than the other plant extracts with the inhibitory rate (IR) of 91.3% at 800 mg L−1 and 50% effective concentrations (EC50) values 98.9 mg L−1 after 7 days, followed by chloroform extracts of A. tatarinowii, S. miltiorrhiza, and P. cuspidatum, and the petroleum ether extracts of A. tatarinowii with EC50 102.5, 111.5, 122.9, and 130.0 mg L−1, respectively.

Alkaloids and sesquiterpenoids from Acorus tatarinowii

The rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. Our extensive investigation on this plant material afforded two new compounds, including a cadinane-type sesquiterpenoid and a pyrazine derivative, along with seven known compounds. The structures of the new compounds, tatarinowin B and tatarinine A, were elucidated as 2-oxocadinan-1(10),3-dien-5-ol (1) and 2-(3′,4′-dihydroxy-1′-butylenyl)-5-(2″,3″,4″-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine (2), respectively, by means of spectral methods.

Compounds from Acorus tatarinowii: Determination of Absolute Configuration by Quantum Computations and cAMP Regulation Activity

A new cadinane-type sesquiterpenoid, tatarinowin A (1), two phenylpropanoids, tatarinoids A (2) and B (3), and a trinorlignan, tatarinoid C (4), along with 15 known compounds including two pairs of mixtures were isolated from the rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii. The absolute configurations of 1-4 were established by computation of specific rotation values. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cAMP regulatory activity by the AlphaScreen assay.

Acortatarins A and B, Two Novel Antioxidative Spiroalkaloids with a Naturally Unusual Morpholine Motif from Acorus tatarinowii

Acortatarins A (1) and B (2), two novel spiroalkaloids with a naturally unusual morpholine motif, were isolated from the rhizome of Acorus tatarinowii. Their structures with absolute configuration were determined by spectroscopic methods, X-ray diffraction analysis, and Mosher's method. Importantly, compound 1 could significantly inhibit reactive oxygen species production in high-glucose-stimulated mesangial cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.