Rheological Properties Of Asphalt Mastics Research Articles

Exploring the Utilization of PHC Pile Waste Concrete as Filler in Asphalt Mastics.

Using solid waste to replace limestone filler in asphalt concrete can not only reduce the cost of road construction, but also improve the utilization rate of solid waste. In this study, PHC pile waste concrete (PPWC) was innovatively used to replace limestone filler in asphalt mixture and its effect on the physical and rheological properties of asphalt mastics was studied. Firstly, PPWC was ground into filler particles with a diameter less than 0.075 mm. The physical properties, particle characteristics and chemical composition of PPWC filler and limestone filler were compared. Asphalt mastics were prepared with different filler-asphalt volume ratios (20%, 30% and 40%) and the physical properties, high-temperature rheological properties and low-temperature cracking resistance of asphalt mastics were tested. The experimental results showed that the surface of PPWC filler is rougher and has lower density and smaller particle size than limestone filler. When the filler content is the same, PPWC filler asphalt mastics have lower penetration and ductility, higher softening point than limestone filler asphalt mastics, and the viscosity of PPWC filler asphalt mastics is more sensitive than limestone filler asphalt mastics. PPWC filler asphalt mastics demonstrated superior high-temperature stability, but poorer low-temperature cracking resistance compared to limestone filler asphalt mastics. In conclusion, PPWC fillers can be used to replace limestone fillers in asphalt mixtures. The finding of this study will provide a new solution for the construction of eco-friendly roads.

Study on the Rheological Properties of Fly Ash Modified Asphalt Mastics

Fly ash is one of the industrial waste residues with significant emissions in China, and its rational utilization has important economic significance and environmental value. Due to the similarity in properties between fly ash and limestone mineral powder, it is possible to replace the mineral powder filler in asphalt concrete with fly ash. This article explored the feasibility of replacing the mineral powder with fly ash in an asphalt mixture through the study of fly-ash-modified asphalt mastic. Firstly, the microstructures and elemental compositions of fly ash and mineral powder were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests. Then, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics with different fillers were studied using dynamic shear rheological (DSR) tests. The results show that when the stress level was 3.2 kPa, the change in the Jnr value was different from that at 0.1 kPa, indicating that after increasing the stress level, the Jnr of fly ash asphalt mastic was smaller, and fly ash can improve the high-temperature creep performance of asphalt mastic. Replacing mineral powder with fly ash can improve the high-temperature rheological properties of asphalt mastic, but this damages the elastic and crack resistance properties of the asphalt mastic. In practical applications, partial substitution of mineral powder can be considered for the preparation of an asphalt mixture.

Influence of Filler Type and Rheological Properties of Asphalt Mastic on the Asphalt Mastic-Aggregate Interaction.

The asphalt mastic-aggregate interaction plays an important role in the overall properties of asphalt mixtures and their durability in service in flexible pavements. This paper aims to study the influence of the physico-chemical features of fillers and the rheological properties of asphalt mastics on the bonding behavior between asphalt and aggregate, and the interfacial deterioration mechanism when subjected to static water immersion and pressured water immersion. It was found that the filler type (limestone powder, basalt powder, and granite powder) had a certain influence on the complex modulus of asphalt mastics, and its pore volume and specific surface area had significant effects on the phase angles and permeability of asphalt mastics. The effect of water pressure can accelerate the deterioration of bond strength of the asphalt mastic-aggregate interface in the short term, indicating that the dynamic water pressure generated by the driving load promotes the water damage process in asphalt pavements. In comparison, the residual bond strength ratio of the granite-asphalt mastic aggregate was the highest, while its bond strength was lower than that of the interface between limestone-asphalt mastics and limestone aggregate. This demonstrated that a low asphalt mastic complex modulus and a high phase angle are helpful in improving the durability of asphalt mixtures subjected to static and pressured water immersion conditions.

Influence of iron tailing filler on rheological behavior of asphalt mastic

• Limestone filler (LF) was substituted by iron tailing filler (ITF) in mastics under different f/b ratios. • The interaction between ITF and asphalt matrix was primarily physical. • ITF possessed a superior stiffening effect on mastics than LF. • A new index Δ T d was proposed to quantify the low-temperature performance of ITF mastics. • The substitution of ITF should be controlled within 1.0 f/b ratio. Iron tailings, one kind of widespread solid waste, were preliminarily regarded as a potential substitute for mineral filler in asphalt mixtures. However, the overall rheological properties of asphalt mastics incorporating iron tailing filler (ITF) and the effect mechanism of ITF remain unclear, which is detrimental to the generalized utilization of ITF in asphalt pavement. To fill this gap, the present study selected ITF and limestone filler (LF) to fabricate mastics with four filler/asphalt weight (f/b) ratios (0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2). The blending mechanism and surface morphology of mastics were revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The rotational viscosity test, dynamic shear rheometer test as well as bending beam rheometer test, were conducted to comprehensively study the rheological behavior of mastics. A new index Δ T d was proposed to quantify the influence of ITF on low-temperature cracking performance. Results show that the interaction between ITF and asphalt matrix is predominantly physical, and ITF possesses a smaller particle size which is beneficial to stiffening the mastics. However, the worse infiltration and distribution uniformity of ITF in mastics than that of LF may result in poorer adhesion. Regarding the rheological behavior, the substitution of ITF can highly improve the viscosity, complex modulus, and creep stiffness while slightly decrease the phase angle, viscosity-temperature susceptibility, and m -value of mastics, indicating a higher stiffness and elasticity of ITF mastics. Notably, the plateau region of phase angle may appear in ITF mastics with high filler concentration at low frequencies, representing a more significant elastic response. Besides that, Δ T d remains between −3.5 and −1.1 ℃. These results prove that the substitution of ITF is advantageous for the anti-rutting performance of asphalt pavement but may jeopardize its workability and low-temperature cracking resistance in particular with the excessive incorporation (f/b ratio > 1.0) of ITF.

Utilization of water-quenching blast furnace slag as alternative filler in asphalt mastic

Water-quenching blast furnace slag as a by-product of the iron production has caused serious environmental concerns. This paper tried to investigate the feasibility of the blast furnace slag filler (WBFSF) used as an alternative filler to replace the limestone filler (LF) in asphalt mixtures. Specifically, the chemical compositions, morphology characteristics, phase distributions, and thermal properties of two fillers were studied; then rheological properties of asphalt mastics in four filler–asphalt ratios were further studied by the rotational viscosity, temperature sweep, temperature–frequency–sweep (T-f-sweep), and multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test. The results show that WBFSF has a larger specific surface area and better-developed mesopores compared with LF. WBFSF asphalt mastic presents a larger complex modulus and a smaller phase angle. Moreover, the MSCR results show that WBFSF improves the elastic recovery and rutting resistance of asphalt mastics. Therefore, WBFSF presents great potential to be used as an alternative filler in asphalt mixtures.

Experimental study on rheological properties and moisture susceptibility of asphalt mastic containing red mud waste as a filler substitute

Abstract This paper investigates the feasibility to improve the rheological behavior and moisture resistance of asphalt mastic prepared with the red mud waste, which is generated from the alumina refining industry. In order to recognize the efficiency of red mud as a mineral filler, three different filler materials, including limestone, hydrated lime and fly ash, were selected and compared. The experimental methods, including Rotating Viscometer, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), bonding strength evaluation were conducted to evaluate the rheological properties of asphalt mastics and their bonding behavior with different aggregate substrates in both dry and wet conditions. The experimental results showed that the replacement of limestone filler by red mud increased the viscosity of asphalt mastic and the addition of hydrated lime further improved its viscosity. The red mud thus increased the stiffness and elastic behavior of the corresponding asphalt mastic, which in turn has a potential to improve the rutting resistance of the modified asphalt mixtures. However, the use of red mud can reduce the moisture resistance of the aggregate-mastic bonding layer. When further incorporating a certain amount of hydrated lime, this can provide a solution to improve the moisture resistance. Therefore, a tailored and integrated replacement of limestone filler by using the red mud and hydrated lime can be promoted to obtain comparable performance as that of the limestone filler.

Effects of the morphological characteristics of mineral powder fillers on the rheological properties of asphalt mastics at high and medium temperatures

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of the dispersion of fillers dispersion as individual particles and evaluate the effects of the morphological characteristics of filler particles on the rheological properties of asphalt mastics at high and medium temperatures. For a given source and filler, three various filler particle sizes produced from different crushers (i.e., a jaw crusher, an impact crusher and a ball grinding mill) were obtained, namely, F1 (P200-R300: passing a 200-mesh and retained by a 300-mesh sieve), F2 (P400-R500) and F3 (P800-R1000). The binary image particle analysis system was employed to acquire the morphological characteristics of filler particles such as form factor, angularity and surface texture. By applying multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) tests at high temperature and time sweep (TS) tests at medium temperature, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics prepared with different filler particle sizes were also investigated. Furthermore, the correlations between the morphological characteristics of filler particles and the high/medium-temperature properties of asphalt mastics were studied by grey relational analysis (GRA) method. Results showed that the proposed new approach to sample preparation was demonstrated to be effective in achieving filler particle dispersion. The GRA demonstrated that the rheological properties of asphalt mastics at high and medium temperatures were significantly affected by the morphological characteristics of the filler particles. Percent recovery (R) and fatigue law fitting coefficients (A and B) were more sensitive to porosity, angularity index, average diameter, aspect ratio and fractal dimension but less sensitive to feature roughness, roundness, convexity ratio, density and specific surface area. In terms of non-recoverable creep compliance (Jnr), the sensibility was apparently reversed, with the reference sequence Jnr presenting less susceptibility to porosity, angularity index, average diameter, aspect ratio and fractal dimension. The GRA results can inform engineers regarding the selection of filler particles that produce asphalt mastics with desired performance characteristics, such as specific rutting resistance and fatigue failure.

Effects of aging on rheological properties of asphalt materials and asphalt-filler interaction ability

The rheological properties of asphalt mastics and asphalt-filler interaction play key roles on the performances of asphalt mixtures. However, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics and asphalt-filler interaction are significantly influenced by aging which exists in the compaction stage of asphalt mixtures. In order to analyze the effects of aging on rheological properties of asphalt binders, asphalt mastics and asphalt-filler interaction, the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) tests and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) tests were conducted for unaged and aged specimens. Results indicate that the aging can enhance the cohesion properties of asphalt binders and mastics, and so the rutting resistance of asphalt binders and mastics is better with an increase in aging degree. However, the low temperature properties of asphalt binders and mastics are worse with an increase in aging degree. The two indices K-B-G∗ and K-B-δ were selected to evaluate asphalt-filler interaction ability. Results show that these two indices have the consistency to evaluate asphalt-filler interaction ability. And also the two indices can reflect the difference of interaction ability of different aged asphalt binders and fillers. The deeper aging degree of asphalt binders is, the worse asphalt-filler interaction ability is. Within the same aging degree, the interaction ability of asphalt 70# with higher asphaltene and resins contents is stronger than asphalt 90#. Therefore, the aging affects the asphalt-filler interaction ability via changes of asphalt active components.

Applicability of evaluation indices for asphalt and filler interaction ability

The asphalt and filler interaction plays a significant role on the performances of asphalt mixtures, and the asphalt and filler interaction ability can be evaluated by the rheological properties. In this paper, one kind of matrix asphalt binder and three kinds of fillers were selected to prepare asphalt mastics with different filler volume fractions respectively, and the dynamic shear rheological properties of asphalt mastics were measured to analyze the four evaluation indices of △G∗, K-B-G∗, L-A-δ and K-B-δ. Results indicate that △G∗ and K-B-G∗ cannot represent the effects of temperature on asphalt and filler interaction ability. However, the two indices can reflect the effects of loading frequency on asphalt and filler interaction ability. L-A-δ and K-B-δ not only represent the effects of temperature on asphalt and filler interaction ability but also the effects of loading frequency on asphalt and filler interaction ability. The higher temperature is, the stronger asphalt and filler interaction ability is. But the higher loading frequency is, the worse asphalt and filler interaction ability is. And then the sensitivity analysis of evaluation indices was also conducted, and finding that the sensitivity from high to low is (1) K-B-δ, (2) L-A-δ, (3) △G∗, and (4) K-B-G∗.

Effects of steel slag fillers on the rheological properties of asphalt mastic

The primary objective of this article was to investigate the feasibility of steel slag as fillers, particularly the fillers milled from raw steel slag with different particle size, also the steel slag fillers’ effects on rheological properties of asphalt mastics. Four types of fillers were analyzed, including limestone filler (LF) and three steel slag fillers obtained by milling different raw Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steel slags whose original particle sizes were 0–9.5mm (ASSF, type A Steel Slag Filler), 9.5–13.2mm (BSSF, type B Steel Slag Filler) and 13.2–26.5mm (CSSF, type C Steel Slag Filler) separately. Surface characteristics, chemical compositions, phase distributions, thermal properties of fillers were first studied. By applying Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) at lower temperature and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) at higher temperature, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics were also investigated. Results show that along with the increase of raw steel slag’s particle size, the Fe content in steel slag filler presented a growing trend obviously. Besides that, compared with LF, steel slag fillers have different surface characteristics, chemical compositions, phase distributions and thermal properties. Furthermore, all steel slag fillers presented outstanding rheological properties, which indicated that they can be used as potential materials to replace LF. Moreover, ASSF corresponding mastic owned the best high-temperature rheological properties while BSSF corresponding mastic revealed the most balanced low-temperature rheological properties.

Effects of temperature and loading frequency on asphalt and filler interaction ability

The asphalt and filler interaction plays a significant role on the performances of asphalt mastics and mixtures, and the asphalt and filler interaction ability is affected by the temperature and loading frequency. In this paper, two kinds of matrix asphalt binders and three kinds of fillers were selected to prepare asphalt mastic with different filler volume fractions, and the dynamic shear rheological properties of asphalt mastics were measured. The linear viscoelastic range of matrix asphalt binder and mastic was analyzed firstly. Then the K-B-G∗ model was used to evaluate and analyze the influence of temperature and loading frequency on asphalt and filler interaction ability. The results show that the linear viscoelastic range of matrix asphalt binders decreases with the loading frequency increasing and increases with the temperature increasing, the linear viscoelastic range of asphalt mastics decreases with the filler volume fraction increasing at the constant temperature and loading frequency. K-B-G∗ exponentially increases with the temperature increasing and linearly decreases with the loading frequency increasing. The significance analysis of temperature and loading frequency was conducted by using grey correlated method, and finding that the temperature has deeper influence than loading frequency.

Evaluation indices of asphalt–filler interaction ability and the filler critical volume fraction based on the complex modulus

The asphalt–filler interaction plays a significant role in the performances of asphalt mastics and mixtures, and the asphalt–filler interaction ability could be evaluated by the rheological properties. In this paper, two kinds of matrix asphalt binders and six kinds of fillers were selected to prepare asphalt mastic with different filler volume fractions, and the dynamic shear rheological properties of asphalt mastics were measured and analysed. The filler critical volume fraction which is the transition point from “diluted region” to “concentrated region” for asphalt mastic was defined and determined according to the variation of asphalt mastic’s complex modulus with filler volume fractions. In the “diluted region”, the asphalt–filler interaction plays a dominant role in the increasing of complex modulus. However, the interaction between filler particles plays a dominant role in the “concentrated region”. Then, the complex modulus coefficient ΔG*, the Einstein coefficient KE and the coefficient K−B−G* were applied to evaluate the asphalt–filler interaction ability in the range of the filler critical volume fraction. It indicated that the three evaluation indices had good consistency for characterising the asphalt–filler interaction ability, but the coefficient K−B−G* had the best sensitivity. So the coefficient K−B−G* can significantly distinguish the interaction ability between asphalt binder and different fillers.

Evaluation indices of interaction ability of asphalt and aggregate based on rheological characteristics

In order to find a parameter as the evaluation index that can capture the effect of the interaction between asphalt and aggregate, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics using two kinds of asphalts and four kinds of aggregates under different filler-asphalt ratios were measured by a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR). Moreover, four rheological parameters of K.Ziegel-B, Luis Ibrarra-A, complex shear modulus ΔG* and complex viscosity Δη* for evaluating the interaction ability were studied. Results indicate that all the four parameters can characterize the interaction ability of asphalt and aggregate correctly and feasibly. Through the comparison of sensitivities and physical meanings of the four parameters, K.Ziegel-B with high sensitivity and exact physical meaning is finally selected as the evaluation index for interaction ability of asphalt and aggregate.

Internal Influence Factors of Asphalt-Aggregate Filler Interactions Based on Rheological Characteristics

AbstractThe interaction parameter K.Ziegel-B was used as an evaluation index to characterize asphalt-aggregate filler interactions. In this study of asphalt-aggregate filler interactions, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics using two kinds of asphalts and four kinds of aggregate powder under different filler concentrations were measured by a dynamic shear rheometer, the internal influence factors of asphalt-aggregate filler interactions were analyzed, and the significance of influence factors were sorted by using the variance analysis method. The research shows that filler concentration, asphalt components, silica content, and particle size of aggregate powder all have a certain regularity effect on asphalt-aggregate filler interactions. The variance analysis method reveals the contribution order of various influence factors on interactions, the contribution order from high to low are colloid and asphaltene, particle size of aggregate, silica content and filler concentration.

Interactions of Granite and Asphalt Based on the Rheological Characteristics

A laboratory investigation of the interactions between granites and asphalts based on rheology is described. In this study of asphalt-filler interactions, the rheological properties of asphalt mastics using different granite powders and different filler-asphalt ratios were measured using a dynamic shear rheometer. Statistically significant relations between the rheological properties of the granite-asphalt mastics and the moisture stability of granite-asphalt mixtures were found. Aggregate factors that influence the moisture stability of asphalt-aggregate mixtures were obtained, and the selection criteria for selecting granite aggregates for use in roads were developed; these could be useful as a reference for practical application.