Review Of Use Research Articles

The Digital Classroom: Systematic Review of Use of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Teaching in Collaborative Online Settings

This study systematically reviews existing literature on the use of collaborative online settings for teaching English as a foreign language (EFL). Covering 37 peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2024, the review examines various aspects of online collaborative EFL teaching, including the digital platforms utilized, the educational environments, and the specific language skills targeted. The findings indicate that collaborative online environments can enhance EFL learners' language proficiency through interactive learning, feedback techniques, and personalized learning. Additionally, the review found that such environments primarily improve learners' writing skills, with oral and speaking skills also benefiting. However, challenges such as learner distraction, Internet connectivity issues, lack of resources, and limited technical skills were identified as barriers to adopting collaborative online settings in EFL teaching. Strategies to mitigate these challenges such as the use self-created video materials, training, access to the Internet, among others, were discussed. The implications of these findings suggest that educators should incorporate digital collaborative tools to enhance learning outcomes, policymakers should support technological integration in language education, and researchers should address the identified gaps to develop more effective teaching strategies and educational policies.

Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma-A Review of Use in the Primary, Cytoreductive and Oligometastatic Settings.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been increasing in incidence by around 1.5% per year for several years. However, the mortality rate has been decreasing by 1.6% per year, and this can be attributed to stage migration and improvements in treatment. One treatment modality that has emerged in recent years is stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), which is an advanced radiotherapy technique that allows the delivery of high-dose radiation to the tumor while minimizing doses to the organs at risk. SBRT has developed a role in the treatment of early-stage, oligometastatic and oligoprogressive RCC. In localized disease, phase II trials and meta-analyses have shown that SBRT provides a very high probability of long-term local control with a low risk of severe late toxicity. In oligometastatic (OMD) RCC, the same level of evidence has similarly shown good local control and minimal toxicity. SBRT could also delay the necessity to start or switch systemic treatments. Medical societies have started to incorporate SBRT in their guidelines in the treatment of localized disease and OMD. A possible future role of SBRT involves cytoreduction. It is theorized that SBRT can lower tumor burden and enhance immune-related response, but it cannot be recommended until the results of the phase II trials are published.

Single-centre review of use of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists - are we outliers?

Single-centre review of use of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists - are we outliers?

Natural Language Processing and Schizophrenia: A Scoping Review of Uses and Challenges.

(1) Background: Approximately 1% of the global population is affected by schizophrenia, a disorder marked by cognitive deficits, delusions, hallucinations, and language issues. It is associated with genetic, neurological, and environmental factors, and linked to dopaminergic hyperactivity and neurotransmitter imbalances. Recent research reveals that patients exhibit significant language impairments, such as reduced verbal output and fluency. Advances in machine learning and natural language processing show potential for early diagnosis and personalized treatments, but additional research is required for the practical application and interpretation of such technology. The objective of this study is to explore the applications of natural language processing in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. (2) Methods: A scoping review was conducted across multiple electronic databases, including Medline, PubMed, Embase, and PsycInfo. The search strategy utilized a combination of text words and subject headings, focusing on schizophrenia and natural language processing. Systematically extracted information included authors, population, primary uses of the natural language processing algorithms, main outcomes, and limitations. The quality of the identified studies was assessed. (3) Results: A total of 516 eligible articles were identified, from which 478 studies were excluded based on the first analysis of titles and abstracts. Of the remaining 38 studies, 18 were selected as part of this scoping review. The following six main uses of natural language processing were identified: diagnostic and predictive modeling, followed by specific linguistic phenomena, speech and communication analysis, social media and online content analysis, clinical and cognitive assessment, and linguistic feature analysis. (4) Conclusions: This review highlights the main uses of natural language processing in the field of schizophrenia and the need for more studies to validate the effectiveness of natural language processing in diagnosing and treating schizophrenia.

A Comprehensive Review of Use of Neurotoxins for Periocular Rejuvenation.

A Comprehensive Review of Use of Neurotoxins for Periocular Rejuvenation.

Critical Review of Use of Medical Versus Social Model for Identification of Learning Disabilities

The process of identification of specific learning disability (SLD), in India, is dominated by the medical model with strong emphasis on an IQ score of 85 and above, as an important inclusion criterion. In addition, there is minimal emphasis on tracking learning history for quality interventions. Only parent reports that they have been teaching the child and child’s attendance of a formal school since the beginning of their scholastic journey are taken as indicators that the child has been taught the foundational skills of reading, writing, and maths but has failed to show mastery. The focus of the research paper is to critically review the medical model and social model to be able to make suggestions of best fit. The perspective is to be able to look at learning disability from the point of functionality and bring forth the options that can assist specific cases of scholastic underachievement. The present paper outlines the problems with following the IQ score driven, medical model while addressing an educational problem. Further, suggestions are made toward creating a social, problem-solving approach toward identification of SLD that will focus more on teaching toward closing of scholastic lags and identification of specific needs and supports that learners need to successfully complete their schooling, with confidence and pride.

Impact of PET/CT Imaging with FDG in Locally Advanced Cervical Carcinoma-A Literature Review.

Positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) have evolved as a pivotal diagnostic modality in the field of oncology. With its increasing application in staging and ready availability, it becomes imperative for committed radiation oncologists to possess a complete analysis and understanding of integration of molecular imaging, which can be helpful for radiation planning, while also acknowledging its possible limitations and challenges. A significant obstacle lies in the synthesis and design of tumor-specific bmolecules for diagnosing and treating cancer. The utilization of radiation in medical biochemistry and biotechnology, encompassing diagnosis, therapy, and control of biological systems, is encapsulated under the umbrella term "nuclear medicine". Notably, the application of various radioisotopes in pharmaceutics has garnered significant attention, particularly in the realm of delivery systems for drugs, DNA, and imaging agents. The present article provides a comprehensive review of use of novel techniques PET and CT with major positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals currently in progress or utilized in clinical practice with their integration into imaging and radiation therapy.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF USE OF PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOME IN INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY

Introduction: At present, the implementation of patient-reported outcomes in interventional radiology is not widespread. However, they are capable of significantly impacting the manner in which we deliver healthcare. Patient-reported outcomes provide an avenue for evaluating the perceived advantages that patients encounter subsequent to a medical procedure. Furthermore, they facilitate a comparison of these results with those of open procedures that are more invasive, as perceived by the patient. The aim: This study review of use of patient reported outcome in interventional radiology. Methods: For this systematic review, publications that were published from 2012 to 2023 were taken into account during the search process. This was achieved through the utilization of numerous online reference sources, such as Pubmed and SagePub. The decision was made to exclude review articles, previously published works, and incomplete works. Result: We obtained 94 articles from Pubmed and 110 from SagePub. The therapies we extracted were 1 article from Pubmed and 3 articles from SagePub. Conclusion: Quality of life and patient perception must be respected as one of the parameters of successful therapy. Previous research shows that PRO can be used with good validity and reliability as a therapeutic outcome parameter in many cases, including interventional radiology.

A review of use of metallurgical slag for its carbonation products: processes, crystallization behavior, and application status

A review of use of metallurgical slag for its carbonation products: processes, crystallization behavior, and application status

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): A Case Review of Use Before and During Pregnancy.

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a plant-based substance with psychoactive properties similar to opioids but is not currently classified as an opioid. One of its more prevalent uses is to treat opioid dependency and withdrawal symptoms. Opioid use disorder is a leading cause of pregnancy-associated maternal mortality, and pregnant women may be using kratom as a substitute or alternative to opioids. Prevalence of kratom use is increasing rapidly, but scientific evidence specific to therapeutic and adverse effects is lacking overall, and the implications of its use in pregnancy and on the fetus-newborn are limited to a few case reports. Kratom is a legal substance by federal law, although some states have banned its use. The lack of regulation is concerning. Significant illness and associated deaths have been reported with kratom use. Lack of disclosure by people using kratom and limited laboratory testing options are major challenges for health care providers and public health.

Comparison of home-based palliative care delivered by community health workers versus usual care: research protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial

BackgroundResearch studies demonstrate that palliative care can improve patient outcomes such as quality of life, symptom burden and patient satisfaction with care (Gomes B, et al. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of home palliative care services for adults with advanced illness and their caregivers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013(6):CD00776) (World Health Organization. Palliative Care. Published 2020.). While 76% of patients who need palliative care live in limited-resource countries, access to high quality palliative services in these countries is minimal (Worldwide Hospice and Palliative Care Association and World Health Organization. Global Atlas of Palliative Care (2nd ed). 2020.). In 2014 the Worldwide Hospice Palliative Care Alliance, with strong endorsement by the WHO, released the Palliative Care Toolkit to provide a training and implementation toolkit for empowering community members to deliver palliative care in resource poor settings (Worldwide Hospice and Palliative Care Association and World Health Organization. Global Atlas of Palliative Care at the End of Life. Geneva, Switzerland 2014.). They encouraged researchers and public health practitioners to conduct rigorous evaluation of the toolkit in diverse settings and contexts. To address this need, we will conduct a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine implementation and explore potential effect of an intervention based upon the Palliative Care Toolkit, as adapted and used by community health workers (CHWs) working with a cancer center in Kolkata, India to deliver home-based palliative care for rural patients.MethodsUtilizing a randomized controlled trial design, intervention patients (n = 45) receive home-based palliative services (Pal-Care) delivered by community health workers (CHWs), with comparison against a control group of patients (n = 45) who receive usual cancer-center-based palliative services. Primary outcome measures include evaluation of CHW training outcomes, roles and responsibilities of the CHWS and how they assist patients, trial recruitment, stakeholder perceptions of the intervention, and fidelity to study protocol. Secondary outcomes measure patient self-report of health-related quality of life, symptom burden, palliative needs and patient care experience, outcomes The RE-AIM framework guides our evaluation plan to measure the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Pal-Care intervention (Gaglio B, et al. The RE-AIM framework: a systematic review of use over time. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(6):e38?46.). Data will be analyzed in SAS. All measures will be evaluated overall and by patient age, gender and cancer type and by CHW caseload.DiscussionPal-Care is a RCT funded by the NCI to explore utilization of CHWs to deliver a home-based palliative care intervention built upon the WHO Palliative Care toolkit (PCT), as compared to a usual care control group. The long-term goal of this research is to develop an effective and sustainable model for delivering home-based palliative care for cancer patients in underserved areas.Trial registration (TRN)ClinicalTrials.gov ID# NCT04972630.

A Rapid Review of Uses and Outcomes of Telehealth Care in Rural and Remote Regions in the United States.

As telehealth expands and becomes an increasingly important provision of palliative care and hospice services, the understanding of the uses and outcomes of this care delivery platform in rural communities is warranted. This rapid review aims to highlight the practice, policy, and research implications of telehealth in rural regions. Using a systematic approach for accessing and synthesizing available publications, this review included 22 articles published between January 2020 and January 2023. Telehealth was used with adult and pediatric populations diagnosed with serious illnesses. Acceptance of this type of care delivery was noted in adults and children, but not all found telehealth a valuable mechanism for care. Telehealth services included but were not limited to direct communication between the provider and the patient/caregiver, medication management, and a peer-to-peer consultant role for rural palliative care and hospice teams. Of those studies addressing provider-centered outcomes, noise level, interruptions, missed appointments, and challenges with providing emotional support were reported. Organizational barriers, such as the lack of financial support, were noted for pediatric hospices. Individuals living in rural communities require more frequent, immediate, and specialized attention over their illness trajectory. Practice, policy, and research implications are identified to consider the next steps for telehealth delivery of palliative care.

Systematic Review of Use of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Interventional Radiology

IntroductionA patient-reported outcome (PRO) is any outcome reported directly by the patient, in contradistinction to a clinician-reported outcomes, which have dominated clinical research. This systematic review evaluates the ways in which PROs have been used in the interventional radiology literature. MethodsSystematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and was designed and conducted by a medical librarian. Studies were screened for inclusion by two independent members, with a third member as a conflict resolver. The data were extracted from each study in a consistent and structured manner. ResultsIn all, 354 studies met criteria for full-text analysis; 218 of 354 (62%) used a prospective design and most frequently provided level III (249 of 354, 70%) or level I (68 of 354, 19%) evidence. The manner in which PROs were obtained was reported in 125 of 354 (35%) of studies. Questionnaire response rate was documented in 51 of 354 (14%) studies, and questionnaire completion rate was documented in 49 of 354 (14%) studies. Of 354 studies, 281 (79%) studies used at least one independently validated questionnaire. The disease domains most commonly assessed via PRO were women’s health (62 of 354, 18%) and men’s health (60 of 354, 17%). DiscussionWider development, validation, and systematic use of PROs in IR would enable more informed patient-centered decision making. A greater focus on PROs in clinical trials would elucidate expected outcomes from the patient’s perspective, simplifying comparisons with therapeutic alternatives. To produce more convincing evidence, trials must apply validated PROs rigorously and report possible confounding factors consistently.

Phase change materials (PCMs) in solar still: - a review of use to improve productivity of still

This study examines the utilization of phase change materials as latent heat storage devices to boost the output of solar stills. These results show that compared to a solar still without phase change material, a passive solar still equipped with phase change material can boost its yield up to 120%. An active solar system equipped with phase change material can enhance productivity by as much as 700%. These findings show that productivity rises with PCM mass and declines with salty water bulk. Additionally, it is discovered that the PCM performs worse during the day than at night. The most often used PCMs in productivity improvement studies were likewise found to be organic PCMs (like paraffin), with inorganic and eutectic PCMs garnering very little attention. From the present study it is clear that most of researchers used paraffin as a PCM. Also mixing of nano particles (such as silicon oil and Cu nano particles) in the PCM gives better result. Paraffin wax with nAl2O3 enhanced the production by 60.53%.

The Buzz on Insecticides: A Review of Uses, Molecular Structures, Targets, Adverse Effects, and Alternatives.

Insecticides play a critical role in controlling the spread of insect-borne diseases and preserving crop health. These chemical substances are specifically formulated to kill or manage insect populations. Over the years, various types of insecticides have been developed, including organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids, each with unique modes of action, physiological targets, and efficacy. Despite the advantages that insecticides offer, it is imperative to recognize the potential consequences on non-target species, the environment, and human health. It is therefore crucial to follow recommended label instructions and employ integrated pest management practices for the judicious use of insecticides. This review article provides an in-depth examination of the various types of insecticides, including their modes of action, physiological targets, environmental and human health impacts, and alternatives. The aim is to furnish a comprehensive overview of insecticides and to emphasize the significance of responsible and sustainable utilization.

Anticoagulation for Left Ventricle Thrombus—Case Series and Literature Review for Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Left ventricular thrombus is a known complication following acute myocardial infarction that can lead to systemic thromboembolism. To obviate the risk of thromboembolism, the patient needs anticoagulation in addition to dual antiplatelet therapy. However, combining antiplatelets with anticoagulants substantially increases the bleeding risk. Traditionally, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) have been the sheet anchor for anticoagulation in this scenario. The use of direct oral anticoagulants has significantly attenuated the bleeding risk associated with anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Furthermore, in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in conjunction with antiplatelets has been found to be noninferior in reducing ischemic events while significantly attenuating the bleeding compared with VKA. After initial case reports, multiple observational and nonrandomized studies have now safely and effectively utilized direct oral anticoagulants for anticoagulation in left ventricular thrombus. Here, we report a series of two cases presenting with left ventricular thrombus following acute myocardial infarction. In this case series, we try to address the issues concerning the choice and duration of anticoagulation in the case of postinfarct left ventricular thrombus. Pending the results of large randomized control trials, the judicious use of direct oral anticoagulant is warranted when taking into consideration the ischemic and bleeding profile in an individualized approach.

A review of effect on metallurgical properties of friction stir welding using high entropy alloy

The work summarizes the review of use of High Entropy Alloy in the Friction Stir Welding. When High Entropy Alloy is utilized in the Friction Stir Welding the resultant mechanical, metallurgical as well as corrosive properties show the influence of HEA base material properties. The Process used to obtain HEA provides base properties affecting the microstructural impact due to heat generation in FSW. Taking into account HEA, FSW too improve the welding properties of the material. The grain size was affected by heat generation and pressure of rotational as well as transverse speed, and could be differentiated in different zones (SZ, HAZ, and TMAZ) and sides (advancing, retreating, top, and bottom). Results of misorentation, HABs, and LABs were influences by the type of recrystallization. GGAE are associated to HABs and SFE to heating phenomenon, so overall it is HEA reaction to the heat generation in different areas and its effects seen in recrystallization of grains.

A Personable Robot: Meta-Analysis of Robot Personality and Human Acceptance

For robots to be of use to humans, they first must be accepted. One important variable that might impact this acceptance is a robot’s personality. To date, results of studies examining robot personality have produced mixed results. One method of making sense of these results is meta-analysis. Therefore, to examine the potential relationship between robot personality and human acceptance, the authors conducted a review of the human-robot interaction literature and leveraged this review for use in a comprehensive meta-analysis. In doing so, this study contributes to the literature in three ways. First, this study found that a robot’s personality does appear to influence humans’ acceptance of robots. Second, this letter provides an introduction to meta-analysis and detailed methodology that can be applied by other researchers. Third, it identifies gaps within the existing literature and presents opportunities for future research.

Fire performance of timber: review for use in wildland-urban interfaces

Abstract Wood is increasingly viewed as a more environmentally sustainable material owing to its low embodied energy, workability, and renewability, but its two major drawbacks are susceptibility to biological degradation and fire. Biodegradation is typically addressed through effective designs to exclude moisture or, where that is not possible, the use of either naturally durable or chemically protected timber. Naturally durable timbers are widely used globally while preservative treatments are increasingly used to protect less durable timbers. These practices have markedly extended the use and service life of timber in harsher environments. However, these treatments do not improve the fire performance of the timber and there is increasing interest in the use of fire resistive coatings or impregnation with fire retardants to allow use in bushfire prone areas. This review provides background on the problems associated with increased building and construction in the wildland-urban interface. It summarizes the codes, standards and state of the art practices needed for adequate fire safety in timber construction.

Abstract No. 591 Systematic review of use of patient-reported outcome measures in interventional radiology

A patient-reported outcome (PRO) is any outcome metric reported directly by the patient, in contradistinction to clinician-reported outcomes, which have traditionally dominated clinical research. This systematic review evaluates the ways in which PROs have been utilized in the interventional radiology literature.