Review Of Scientific Achievements Research Articles

Noise Generators (A Review)

Introduction. At present, noise generators (noise signal generators) have a wide range of applications. For example, such devices can be used as sources of fluctuating interference when studying the limiting sensitivity of radio receivers and amplifying devices, as signal simulators of multi-channel communication equipment, as tools for measuring non-linear distortions and frequency characteristics of radio devices using spectrum analyzers with a constant bandwidth.Aim. Review of scientific achievements in the development of noise generators and their applications.Materials and methods. The material for analysis was collected using databases of scientific publications, online resources, and websites of noise generator manufacturers. The research spanned the timeframe of 60 years.Results. Various noise generators and their characteristics, currently available on the radio equipment market, are described. The analysis of their main technical characteristics is carried out; examples of their practical application are indicated.Conclusion. Noise signal generators are widely used in scientific research and are currently produced mainly by foreign companies. Domestic companies are poorly represented in this market, with little published information available. However, positive developments in this direction have recently been observed. Domestic manufacturers are launching R&D programs to develop noise signal generators, which could reduce dependence on imported products in the future

Actualizing Robert Jervis

The first Russian edition of Robert Jervis's classical work on the problems of perception and misperception in world politics draws attention to the need to strengthen the sovereignty and national security of the Russian Federation in the socio-humanitarian, socio-cultural and scientific spheres. Supplemented by a review of scientific achievements in the field of cognitive psychology and neuro-politics, the study by a well-known American political scientist is a useful source of information about the latest trends in the study of socio-political behavior and makes us rethink the state and directions of development of socio-humanitarian disciplines in Russia. The article concludes that against the background of the latest discoveries in the field of neuroscience, there is an alarming tendency of hypertrophied interest in the study of big data and pseudo-mathematization of socio-humanitarian disciplines, often to the detriment of traditional country studies and the study of historically determined causal interactions of socio-political processes. At the same time, it is noted that modern scientific methods confirm the conclusions of scientists made in the period before the "neuroscientific turn" of recent decades.

Психологічні особливості легітимізованої агресії у осіб похилого віку

The article covers a theoretical review of foreign literature on the problem of aggression in the elderly. The psychological characteristic of the outlined phenomenon is given and the urgency of conducting empirical investigations in this direction is substantiated. A review of scientific achievements in the field of psychology showed that the specific of legitimized aggression in retirees is not sufficiently developed and studied scientific problem. The purpose of the study is to establish the specifics of legitimized aggression in women and men of retirement age. The sample consisted of elderly people aged 60 to 70 years, with a total number of 40 people. The first group included 20 women of retirement age, the second - 20 retired men. “Questionnaire of Legitimized Aggression” by S. Enikolopov and M. Tsybulsky was used to identify the psychological features of legitimized aggression. Student’s t-test for independent samples was used for mathematical and statistical data processing. Empirical research has shown that older women are characterized by aggressive behavior, which is reflected in the most acceptable forms of society, such as communication, education, seeking to teach others, sharing experiences, knowledge or expressing their own. thoughts. Women prefer not to show their negative feelings in public, as evidenced by not high enough on all scales of legitimized aggression. Retirement women are well-versed in situations where their aggressive behavior can be noticed, so they try not to show their feelings to the general public, as this can negatively affect their reputation. As for the group of elderly men, they are clear representatives of legitimized aggression, who can skillfully justify and disguise their own aggressive behavior. Quite bold statements on the topic of politics, sports, education are a good opportunity for them to demonstrate rich personal experience on the issues outlined and prove their rightness, thereby strengthening their authority and competence in the eyes of others. In our opinion, this trend is quite alarming, since such behavioral reactions are quite often provocative in nature and become a reason for the emergence of conflict situations.

Review of scientific achievements in the field of management accounting and controlling presented at the “Accounting and controlling” conference

Purpose: The aim of the article is to verify and assess the current state of scientific publi-cations in the field of management accounting and controlling presented at the conference “Accounting and controlling”. Metodology/approach: An analysis of the papers submitted to the conference was carried out in terms of the number of publications based on university affiliation, degree of partici-pant interest in the conference, and issues raised in the area of management accounting and controlling. Findings: The issues raised in the articles submitted to the “Accounting and controlling” conference demonstrate that interest in the issues of management accounting and control-ling is significant. However, despite the 25 years of scientific discourse, there is still a wide variety of opinions on the concept of controlling, its mission and specifications, as well as the place of controlling as a discipline in enterprises. Accounting tools that support man-agement are presented in many publications. However, there are also publications that discuss original concepts in the field of the methodology of controlling. Originality/value: The article summarises national scientific achievements in the field of management and controlling presented in the series of 25 editions of the conference “Account-ing and controlling. Keywords: controlling, management accounting, controlling tools, “Accounting and control-ling” conference.

STRUCTURAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF RESEARCH TYPOLOGIZATION ON THE USE OF ICT IN SECONDARY SCHOOL

The article features a methodology for systematization of research on ICT use in secondary education. Making important decisions about improving school education, including through the introduction of certain information and communication technologies into the educational process, is based on the study of relevant experience and relevant research results. The large number of diversified scientific works that make up the theoretical, practical, and methodological basis of the ICT use in school education necessitates the generalization, ordering, and determination of their typological features. The author singles out the following groups of studies related to the ICT use in school: generalizing theoretical-analytical (documentary), empirical and complex. Each of the groups is characterized by a variable set of typological features in terms of scale and independence of their conduct. They allow distinguishing their main types (10 types of research are considered in the article, for example, empirical/international large-scale/contextual studies or complex/local/separate studies, etc.). The author determined the structural and methodological criteria for the analysis of different research types (thematic, targeted, sampling, organizational, methodological, analytical, resultant) and carried out a selective analysis of the studies on the proposed typological features, structural and methodological criteria, the results of which were systematized in the matrix of methodological analysis of different research types on the ICT use in school education. According to the results of the works review, topical thematic areas of the analyzed research were identified, typical methods of data collection and analysis were singled out and the format of results reporting was highlighted for each selected research group. The approach to systematizing research on the use of ICT in secondary education institutions, presented in the proposed article, can be applied during the review of scientific achievements, the analysis of pedagogical research in the field of ICT, or to design individual research. Filling in the proposed analysis matrix will allow it to be further used as a database of relevant research papers, facilitate the search and selection of those that meet the objectives of a specific scientific search.

Technology of social and emotional learning as a tool for preparing students for inclusive education

The article presents a study devoted to the use of technology social-emotional learning in the preparation of graduate students for professional activity in the system of inclusive education. The review of scientific achievements in the development of social skills and emotional intelligence in students of different age groups is carried out. The specifics of the formation of social and emotional skills in students who master the phenomenology of inclusive education in theoretical and practical aspects are determined. The article describes the mechanisms for implementing the technology of social and emotional learning in preparing future teachers to work in an inclusive environment, including living in a social and educational situation, evaluating and managing their own feelings, and understanding the feelings of other people. The expected result of using the proposed technology is recorded in the form of the ability of future specialists to solve professional problems in the field of inclusive education, as well as their possession of a value attitude to inclusive culture and its subjects, including people with disabilities.

GAME THEORY APPLICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT / LOŠIMŲ TEORIJOS TAIKYMAS STATYBOS INŽINERIJOS IR VALDYMO SRITYSE

Game theory usually analyses decision‐making processes in various fields. There are different methods of solving decision related problems. Game theory focuses on problem solution from one player s point of view, while game theory emphasizes its analysis in the interaction among many players. Much of game theory is concerned with finite, discrete games, which have a finite number of players, moves, events, outcomes, etc. Many researchers in different research fields’ work applied the game theory in: construction engineering, management area. The article presents review of 42 years of scientific work of Professor Friedel Peldschus in the fields of game theory application in construction engineering and management. A review of scientific achievements and activity of Professor Friedel Peldschus, focusing on his research. Santrauka Taikant lošimų teoriją analizuojami sprendimu priemimo procesai įvairiose srityse. Yra įvairiu būdų spręsti problemas. Lošimu teorija gali būti orientuota į problemą vieno lošejo požiūriu ir gali analizuoti daugelio lošeju tarpusavio sąveiką. Daugiausiai lošimu teorija susijusi su galutiniais atskirais lošimais, kurių ribotas dalyvių skaičius, judėjimas, įvykiai, rezultatai ir t. t. Daugelis įvairių mokslinių sričių tyreju taiko lošimo teoriją statybos inžinerijos, valdymo srityse. Straipsnyje pateikiama prof. Friedel Peldschus 42 metų mokslinių tyrimų apžvalga apie lošimų teorijos taikymą statybos inžinerijos ir vadybos srityse, nagrinejami moksliniai pasiekimai ir veikla, atkreipiamas dėmesys į pasiektus mokslinių tyrimų rezultatus.

D. K. Faddeev and St. Petersburg algebraic school

A review of scientific achievements of D.K. Faddeev. DOI: 10.3103/S1063454108010019 TO THE 100th ANNIVERSARY OF BIRTHDAY OF DMITRII KONSTANTINOVICH FADDEEV On June 30, 2007, we celebrated the 100th anniversary of birthday of an outstanding mathematician, Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Dmitrii Konstantinovich Faddeev (1907– 1989). Dmitrii Kostantinovich is the founder of the Leningrad–St. Petersburg algebraic school, which has gained world-wide recognition. Disciples of that school obtained a lot of scientific results of highest quality. He was born into the family of a St. Petersburg engineer in a small town of Yukhnov in Smolensk region (now Kaluga region). At the age of sixteen, he entered the mathematical department of Petrograd university and since that time to the end of his life (with a short interval in the late 1920s) his multifarious creative activity was closely related to our university, of which he became a professor in 1933. For a long period of time, Dmitrii Konstantinovich headed the chair of Higher algebra and number theory; during several years, he was dean of the department of mathematics and mechanics. In 1932, he started working at the Steklov mathematical institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences, which was at that time known as the Steklov physico-mathematical institute. From the moment of foundation of the Leningrad branch of the institute (LOMI, now POMI RAS) in 1940 to the end of his life, D.K. Faddeev was one of the most prominent researches there. For many years he headed the laboratory of algebraic methods, which became a generally recognized center of algebraic studies. The area of scientific interests of D.K. Faddeev was extremely wide. First of all, we remember him as one of the most prominent algebraists of that time. His investigations covered almost all subfields of algebra. His first results relate to the theory of Diophantine equations, which became a subject of his study under the influence of his scientific advisor B.N. Delone. These results are really impressive: he has essentially extended the class of equations of degree three and four which can be completely solved. As is known, solutions to binary equations of degree three form a group under the natural multiplication, and the Mordell– Weil classical theorem states that this group is finitely generated. However, the rank of this group is hard to calculate. In a number of cases, estimates for this rank obtained by D.K. Faddeev allow one to find all solutions to the equation. For instance, equations x 3 + y 3 = A are completely solved for all A ≤ 50. To illustrate the significance of this result, we note that, before Faddeev’s works, it was known only that, for some values of A , this equation possesses only trivial solutions. There is another elegant result concerning the equation x 4 + Ay 4 = ± 1: D.K. Faddeed demonstrated that, for any integer A , this equation has at most one nontrivial solution; moreover, this solution corresponds to the principal unit of a certain purely imaginary field of algebraic numbers of degree four and exists only when the principal unit is trinomial. These results were published in the remarkable monograph “The Theory of Irrationalities of the Third Degree” written by Dmitrii Konstantinovich in co-authorship with B.N. Delone. In later years, D.K. Faddeev continued investigating Diophantine equations. In a series of works he proves that the group of classes of divisors of degree zero for the Fermat curve of degree 4, 5, and 7 is finite. This yields very powerful results concerning the equations themselves. For instance, there exists only a finite number of quadratic fields where equation x 4 + y 4 = 1 possesses a nontrivial solution and for each of these fields, the number of solutions is finite. Results of this kind had never been obtained before. Of course, by now, many classical problems of the theory of Diophantine equations have been solved and in our days these results are viewed from another standpoint, but at that time, they were really outstanding. Another sphere of interests of D.K. Faddeev in the early years of his scientific activity was Galois theory. He was particularly interested in the so-called inverse problem of Galois theory (which still remains not completely solved). This problem consists in constructing an extension of a given base field with a pre-