Review Of Machine Learning Techniques Research Articles

A review of machine learning techniques for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease using imaging modalities

A review of machine learning techniques for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease using imaging modalities

Early Alzheimer's Disease Detection: A Review of Machine Learning Techniques for Forecasting Transition from Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Alzheimer's disease is a weakening neurodegenerative condition with profound cognitive implications, making early and accurate detection crucial for effective treatment. In recent years, machine learning, particularly deep learning, has shown significant promise in detecting mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease conversion. This review synthesizes research on machine learning approaches for predicting conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease dementia using magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and other biomarkers. Various techniques used in literature such as machine learning, deep learning, and transfer learning were examined in this study. Additionally, data modalities and feature extraction methods analyzed by different researchers are discussed. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in Alzheimer's disease detection and highlights future research directions.

Corporate network anomaly detection methodology utilizing machine learning algorithms

ABSTRACT This study addresses the critical need for securing corporate networks against anomalies, a pressing concern in ensuring the comprehensive security of these networks. It aims to develop and validate a new machine learning-based methodology for anomaly detection that is adaptable across various corporate network environments, highlighting the method’s potential practical applications. Employing a systematic approach, the research integrates system analysis of anomaly detection methodologies with an analytical review of machine learning techniques tailored for high-security measures and attack prevention in corporate networks. This dual approach ensures a robust framework for identifying and addressing network anomalies efficiently. The methodology demonstrated notable efficacy, with the proposed machine learning-based anomaly detection techniques achieving an efficiency rate upwards of 90% in identifying and categorizing network traffic types. This high level of precision allows for the effective tracking of network anomalies across diverse corporate networks and their respective devices and equipment. The findings underscore the substantial practical value of the developed methodology, offering a promising avenue for enhancing corporate network security. The implementation of this machine learning-based approach not only facilitates the timely detection of anomalies but also significantly contributes to the improvement of machine learning applications within the realm of network security. Future research could further refine these techniques, exploring scalability and real-time data analysis enhancements to bolster their effectiveness across various network configurations.

Review of Machine Learning Techniques in Soft Tissue Biomechanics and Biomaterials.

Advanced material models and material characterization of soft biological tissues play an essential role in pre-surgical planning for vascular surgeries and transcatheter interventions. Recent advances in heart valve engineering, medical device and patch design are built upon these models. Furthermore, understanding vascular growth and remodeling in native and tissue-engineered vascular biomaterials, as well as designing and testing drugs on soft tissue, are crucial aspects of predictive regenerative medicine. Traditional nonlinear optimization methods and finite element (FE) simulations have served as biomaterial characterization tools combined with soft tissue mechanics and tensile testing for decades. However, results obtained through nonlinear optimization methods are reliable only to a certain extent due to mathematical limitations, and FE simulations may require substantial computing time and resources, which might not be justified for patient-specific simulations. To a significant extent, machine learning (ML) techniques have gained increasing prominence in the field of soft tissue mechanics in recent years, offering notable advantages over conventional methods. This review article presents an in-depth examination of emerging ML algorithms utilized for estimating the mechanical characteristics of soft biological tissues and biomaterials. These algorithms are employed to analyze crucial properties such as stress-strain curves and pressure-volume loops. The focus of the review is on applications in cardiovascular engineering, and the fundamental mathematical basis of each approach is also discussed. The review effort employed two strategies. First, the recent studies of major research groups actively engaged in cardiovascular soft tissue mechanics are compiled, and research papers utilizing ML and deep learning (DL) techniques were included in our review. The second strategy involved a standard keyword search across major databases. This approach provided 11 relevant ML articles, meticulously selected from reputable sources including ScienceDirect, Springer, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The selection process involved using specific keywords such as "machine learning" or "deep learning" in conjunction with "soft biological tissues", "cardiovascular", "patient-specific," "strain energy", "vascular" or "biomaterials". Initially, a total of 25 articles were selected. However, 14 of these articles were excluded as they did not align with the criteria of focusing on biomaterials specifically employed for soft tissue repair and regeneration. As a result, the remaining 11 articles were categorized based on the ML techniques employed and the training data utilized. ML techniques utilized for assessing the mechanical characteristics of soft biological tissues and biomaterials are broadly classified into two categories: standard ML algorithms and physics-informed ML algorithms. The standard ML models are then organized based on their tasks, being grouped into Regression and Classification subcategories. Within these categories, studies employ various supervised learning models, including support vector machines (SVMs), bagged decision trees (BDTs), artificial neural networks (ANNs) or deep neural networks (DNNs), and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Additionally, the utilization of unsupervised learning approaches, such as autoencoders incorporating principal component analysis (PCA) and/or low-rank approximation (LRA), is based on the specific characteristics of the training data. The training data predominantly consists of three types: experimental mechanical data, including uniaxial or biaxial stress-strain data; synthetic mechanical data generated through non-linear fitting and/or FE simulations; and image data such as 3D second harmonic generation (SHG) images or computed tomography (CT) images. The evaluation of performance for physics-informed ML models primarily relies on the coefficient of determination . In contrast, various metrics and error measures are utilized to assess the performance of standard ML models. Furthermore, our review includes an extensive examination of prevalent biomaterial models that can serve as physical laws for physics-informed ML models. ML models offer an accurate, fast, and reliable approach for evaluating the mechanical characteristics of diseased soft tissue segments and selecting optimal biomaterials for time-critical soft tissue surgeries. Among the various ML models examined in this review, physics-informed neural network models exhibit the capability to forecast the mechanical response of soft biological tissues accurately, even with limited training samples. These models achieve high values ranging from 0.90 to 1.00. This is particularly significant considering the challenges associated with obtaining a large number of living tissue samples for experimental purposes, which can be time-consuming and impractical. Additionally, the review not only discusses the advantages identified in the current literature but also sheds light on the limitations and offers insights into future perspectives.

Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Techniques for Condition-Based Maintenance

While most industrial maintenance strategies are centered on optimizing machine runtime and cost reduction, the condition-based maintenance (CBM) strategy distinguishes itself from others in its use of real-time operational data from machines to help engineers make informed decisions. The introduction of machine learning (ML) into a CBM strategy can increase its effectiveness, enabling more accurate predictions and making the decision-making process more efficient. In this review paper, we seek to provide a comprehensive overview of the role ML plays in modern CBM systems, beginning by outlining the core concepts and historical development of CBM and briefly introducing various ML techniques being employed in industry today. We then review numerous real-world cases where ML-based CBM systems have been implemented and discuss some of the technological, human, and ethical challenges faced by organizations seeking to integrate sophisticated ML models into existing CBM systems. We end by highlighting some of the current limitations of ML-based CBM systems, paving the way for a discussion on emerging trends and future research directions in this area.

Advancements in skin cancer classification: a review of machine learning techniques in clinical image analysis

AbstractEarly detection of skin cancer from skin lesion images using visual inspection can be challenging. In recent years, research in applying deep learning models to assist in the diagnosis of skin cancer has achieved impressive results. State-of-the-art techniques have shown high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity compared with dermatologists. However, the analysis of dermoscopy images with deep learning models still faces several challenges, including image segmentation, noise filtering and image capture environment inconsistency. After making the introduction to the topic, this paper firstly presents the components of machine learning-based skin cancer diagnosis. It then presents the literature review on the current advance in machine learning approaches for skin cancer classification, which covers both the traditional machine learning approaches and deep learning approaches. The paper also presents the current challenges and future directions for skin cancer classification using machine learning approaches.

A comprehensive review of machine learning techniques for multi-omics data integration: challenges and applications in precision oncology.

Multi-omics data play a crucial role in precision medicine, mainly to understand the diverse biological interaction between different omics. Machine learning approaches have been extensively employed in this context over the years. This review aims to comprehensively summarize and categorize these advancements, focusing on the integration of multi-omics data, which includes genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, alongside clinical data. We discuss various machine learning techniques and computational methodologies used for integrating distinct omics datasets and provide valuable insights into their application. The review emphasizes both the challenges and opportunities present in multi-omics data integration, precision medicine and patient stratification, offering practical recommendations for method selection in various scenarios. Recent advances in deep learning and network-based approaches are also explored, highlighting their potential to harmonize diverse biological information layers. Additionally, we present a roadmap for the integration of multi-omics data in precision oncology, outlining the advantages, challenges and implementation difficulties. Hence this review offers a thorough overview of current literature, providing researchers with insights into machine learning techniques for patient stratification, particularly in precision oncology. Contact: anirban@klyuniv.ac.in.

A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Techniques for Pneumonia Detection from Chest X-ray Images

Pneumonia, a significant contributor to global respiratory illnesses, demands prompt diagnosis for successful treatment. Chest X-rays, being widely accessible and cost-effective, serve as the primary imaging modality for pneumonia detection. However, manual interpretation of chest X-rays is subjective and susceptible to errors due to the often subtle and diverse visual indicators of pneumonia. This study delves into the potential of deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, to automate pneumonia detection utilizing chest X-ray images. By leveraging the well-established VGG-16 model, a convolutional neural network architecture renowned for its image recognition capabilities, the study aims to develop a robust and accurate classification system. This system, if successful, has the potential to alleviate the burden on healthcare professionals by assisting in the timely and efficient detection of pneumonia, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes. Key Words: Deep Learning, VGG16, CNN, Pneumonia, Chest X-rays .

Review of Machine Learning Techniques based Skin Microstructure Segmentation and Aging Classification

Abstract: Advancements in computer vision and image processing have fueled a growing interest in understanding the intricate details of skin microstructure for various applications, particularly in the context of aging. This review systematically examines recent developments in skin microstructure segmentation and aging classification methodologies, shedding light on the evolving landscape of research in this domain. Skin aging is a complex process characterized by various morphological and topological changes in the skin microstructure. Analyzing these changes can provide valuable insights into skin health and aging progression. This paper focuses on recent research advancements in skin microstructure segmentation and aging classification using convolutional neural network (CNN)-based models.

A Review of Machine Learning Techniques in Agroclimatic Studies

The interplay of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) within the agroclimatic domain is pivotal for addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by climate change on agriculture. This paper embarks on a systematic review to dissect the current utilization of ML and DL in agricultural research, with a pronounced emphasis on agroclimatic impacts and adaptation strategies. Our investigation reveals a dominant reliance on conventional ML models and uncovers a critical gap in the documentation of methodologies. This constrains the replicability, scalability, and adaptability of these technologies in agroclimatic research. In response to these challenges, we advocate for a strategic pivot toward Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) frameworks. AutoML not only simplifies and standardizes the model development process but also democratizes ML expertise, thereby catalyzing the advancement in agroclimatic research. The incorporation of AutoML stands to significantly enhance research scalability, adaptability, and overall performance, ushering in a new era of innovation in agricultural practices tailored to mitigate and adapt to climate change. This paper underscores the untapped potential of AutoML in revolutionizing agroclimatic research, propelling forward the development of sustainable and efficient agricultural solutions that are responsive to the evolving climate dynamics.

A Review of Machine Learning Techniques Used in the Prediction of Heart Disease

A Review of Machine Learning Techniques Used in the Prediction of Heart Disease

A review of machine learning applications in Cacao Post-harvest management

Cacao beans play a crucial role in chocolate production, making them a highly relevant crop. The post-harvesting stage of cacao beans, encompassing classification, quality assessment, and fermentation, holds significant importance. With the increasing demand for marketable cacao beans, the need for reliable, accurate, and fast technologies has emerged. This study provides a comprehensive review of machine learning techniques in the post-harvesting stage of cacao beans from 2016 to the present. Analyzing 36 studies, it focuses on classification, quality assessment, and fermentation. The proposed framework includes the application domain, learning algorithms, performance metrics, and reported impacts. Notably, it explores various machine learning applications like classification, quality assessment, and fermentation, highlighting commonly used algorithms like ANN, CNN, and SVM. In terms of performance metrics, GLCM achieved the highest accuracy (99.61%) in cacao classification, ANFIS excelled in quality assessment (99.715%), and k-NN emerged as the most accurate for fermentation. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers in the cacao bean sector, offering insights into machine learning advancements.

Artificial intelligence for human learning: A review of machine learning techniques used in education research and a suggestion of a learning design model

The goal of this research is to (1) identify the status and development of AI and ML-based learning support systems and their impact on human learning, with a specific focus on techniques employed in previous research, and (2) demonstrate the process of designing a learning support system using AI. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies have received attention in education. The existing research on AI in education is examined, considering the implications of its application in research. Noteworthy ML techniques from the literature are explained, followed by a discussion on leveraging AI and ML technologies to enhance learning support. Additionally, with consideration of both front-end and back-end approaches,a framework for incorporating AI into education is proposed. Subsequently, a learning design model, Self-regulated Learning with AI Assistants (SLAA), is suggested for addressing the objectives of AI-based learning support system design. The categorization of AI and ML techniques in education research reveals nine types, including supervised learning, mining approaches, and Bayesian techniques. The exploration illustrates how these techniques can be employed in designing a learning support system. This paper provides an empirical overview of AI in education, addresses technological and pedagogical considerations for developing personalized and adaptive learning environments, and outlines the challenges and potential future research directions.

Review of Machine Learning Techniques for Optimal Power Flow

Review of Machine Learning Techniques for Optimal Power Flow

A comprehensive survey and review of machine learning techniques in document processing : Industry applications and future directions

A comprehensive survey and review of machine learning techniques in document processing : Industry applications and future directions

A Systematic Literature Review of Machine Learning Techniques to achieve Automated Inference and Command of Audio Data into Voice Activated Systems

A Systematic Literature Review of Machine Learning Techniques to achieve Automated Inference and Command of Audio Data into Voice Activated Systems

Review of Machine Learning Techniques for Power Quality Performance Evaluation in Grid-Connected Systems

In the current energy usage scenario, the demands on energy load and the tariffs on the usage of electricity are two main areas that require a lot of attention. Energy forecasting is an ideal solution that would help us to better understand future needs and formulate solutions accordingly. Some important factors to investigate are the quantity and quality of smart grids as they are significantly influenced by the transportation, storage, and load management of energy. This research work is a review of various machine learning algorithms for energy grid applications like energy consumption, production, energy management, design, vehicle-to-grid transfers, and demand response. Ranking is performed with the help of key parameters and is evaluated using the Rapid Miner tool. The proposed manuscript uses various machine learning techniques for the evaluation of power quality performance to validate an efficient algorithm ranking in a grid-connected system for energy management applications. The use of renewable energy resources in grid-connected systems is more common in modern power systems. Universally, the energy usage sector (commercial and non-commercial) is undergoing an increase in demand for energy utilization that has substantial economic and ecological consequences. To overcome these issues, an integrated, ecofriendly, and smart system that meets the high energy demands is implemented in various buildings and other grid-connected applications. Among various machine learning techniques, an evaluation of seven algorithms—Naïve Bayes, artificial neural networks, linear regression, support vector machine, Q-learning, Gaussian mixture model, and principle component analysis—was conducted to determine which algorithm is the most effective in predicting energy balance. Among these algorithms, the decision tree, linear regression, and neural networks had more accurate results than the other algorithms used. As a result of this research, a proposal for energy forecast, energy balance, and management was compiled. A comparative statement of various algorithms concludes with results which suit energy management applications with high accuracy and low error rates.

Comparision of Different Classifiers for Prediction of Breast Cancer

The cell formed in the breast are known as breast cancer. It occurs mainly in women and it may occur rarely in men also. It is considered as the most common ailment that can lead to large number of death in females every year. In spite of the factuality that cancer is treatable and can be relieve if treated at its early stages; many patients are screened for cancer only at a very late stage. Data mining technique such as classifications provides an efficient technique to classify data, where these methods are commonly used for diagnostic decision making. The Machine learning techniques propound various methods such as statistical and probabilistic methods which allow system to learn from past experiences to distinguish and identify patterns from a standard dataset. The research work presents a review of machine learning techniques which can be used in breast cancer disease detection by applying algorithms on breast cancer Wisconsin data set. Algorithms such as Navies Bayes, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Adaboost and Decision Trees were used. The result outcome shows that Random Forest performs better than other techniques.

Machine Learning Approaches for Detecting Driver Drowsiness: A Critical Review

Driver drowsiness is a serious issue that poses a significant threat to road safety, as it can lead to accidents and injuries. In response to this problem, a thorough review of machine learning techniques for detecting driver drowsiness was conducted. The review examined a range of techniques, including more recent approaches that use machine learning and deep learning algorithms as well as different types of data sources driver behaviours, physiological signals, and vehicle behaviours. The primary objective of this paper was to critically analyse and provide a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art in detecting driver drowsiness, evaluate the effectiveness of each technique in terms of accuracy and reliability, and identify potential areas for future research and improvement. In order to achieve this, a systematic review of relevant research studies was undertaken. The review determined that machine learning-based techniques can improve the accuracy and reliability of driver drowsiness detection systems. However, certain limitations, such as the need for large amounts of data, feature extraction, and model structure, must be addressed. By overcoming these limitations, machine learning-based systems have the potential to enhance road safety and prevent accidents. In conclusion, this paper provides a thorough review of machine learning techniques for driver drowsiness detection, evaluates their effectiveness, identifies potential research directions, and highlights their significance and contribution to road safety. The insights gained from this study can be used to guide the development of more effective driver drowsiness detection systems and improve road safety for the community.

Applications of Machine Learning in Subsurface Reservoir Simulation—A Review—Part I

In recent years, machine learning (ML) has become a buzzword in the petroleum industry with numerous applications that guide engineers toward better decision making. The most powerful tool that most production development decisions rely on is reservoir simulation with applications in numerous modeling procedures, such as individual simulation runs, history matching and production forecast and optimization. However, all these applications lead to considerable computational time- and resource-associated costs, and rendering reservoir simulators is not fast or robust, thus introducing the need for more time-efficient and smart tools like ML models which can adapt and provide fast and competent results that mimic simulators’ performance within an acceptable error margin. The first part of the present study (Part I) offers a detailed review of ML techniques in the petroleum industry, specifically in subsurface reservoir simulation, for cases of individual simulation runs and history matching, whereas ML-based production forecast and optimization applications are presented in Part II. This review can assist engineers as a complete source for applied ML techniques since, with the generation of large-scale data in everyday activities, ML is becoming a necessity for future and more efficient applications.