Review Of Behavioral Studies Research Articles

Cognitive Processes, Linguistic Factors, and Arithmetic Word Problem Success: a Review of Behavioral Studies

Cognitive Processes, Linguistic Factors, and Arithmetic Word Problem Success: a Review of Behavioral Studies

Spectral Resolution Development in Children With Normal Hearing and With Cochlear Implants: A Review of Behavioral Studies.

This review article provides a theoretical overview of the development of spectral resolution in children with normal hearing (cNH) and in those who use cochlear implants (CIs), with an emphasis on methodological considerations. The aim was to identify key directions for future research on spectral resolution development in children with CIs. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to summarize and synthesize previously published behavioral research on spectral resolution development in normal and impaired auditory systems. In cNH, performance on spectral resolution tasks continues to improve through the teenage years and is likely driven by gradual maturation of across-channel intensity resolution. A small but growing body of evidence from children with CIs suggests a more complex relationship between spectral resolution development, patient demographics, and the quality of the CI electrode-neuron interface. Future research should aim to distinguish between the effects of patient-specific variables and the underlying physiology on spectral resolution abilities in children of all ages who are hard of hearing and use auditory prostheses.

Auditor Evaluation of Otherss Credibility: A Review of Behavioral Studies on Determinants and Consequences

I synthesize the extant behavioral literature examining auditor evaluation of others’ credibility published in six top accounting journals over the last three-and-a-half decades. I adapt the original definition of credibility by Hovland, Janis, and Kelley (1953): the extent of perceiving someone as competent and trustworthy. Audit guidance requires auditors to consider credibility of management, internal auditors, and staff, yet the research literature on auditor evaluation of others’ credibility is fragmented and scarce, limiting our understanding of determinants and consequences of auditor evaluations. I develop a framework for analysis of research on auditor evaluation of others’ credibility and review extant literature by types of examined effects (determinants of credibility vs. consequences of credibility) and by examined credibility components (competence, trustworthiness, or both). Throughout the literature review I suggest areas for future research.

The Utility Maximising Criminal: A Behavioural Approach to Designing Regulatory Penalties

Regulatory penalties are intended to deter individuals and businesses from breaking the law. However, the regulated community often responds to penalties in ways that are not perfectly rational. Individuals may exhibit behavioural biases or cognitive limitations which influence their response to regulatory penalties. Behavioural science offers some insights into these patterns of behaviours. By providing a more nuanced understanding of individual responses, behavioural science offers legislators and regulators an opportunity to refine their regulatory approaches and enhance the deterrence effect of regulatory regimes they design and administer. Many of the findings of behavioural research suggest approaches to law enforcement and administration that go beyond simply increasing penalties or enforcement activity, both of which often carry significant direct or social costs. Behavioural insights may therefore allow policymakers opportunities to make more effective use of scarce enforcement and compliance resources. In this article I canvass the key aspects of the neoclassical model of deterrence. I then undertake a literature review of behavioural studies into responses to regulatory penalties, and highlight some encouraging examples of how these insights have been successfully applied by Australian regulators and policy agencies. Based on this, I develop a behavioural model of regulatory compliance, which outlines some factors that legislators and regulators may consider when shaping compliance regimes for their particular audience. This model is summarised in the EFFECTS framework - regulatory penalties should be expedient; fair; framed; ethical; clear; targeted and salient. By considering these factors, legislators and regulators may be able to enhance the effectiveness of compliance regimes for relatively little additional cost.

The Relationship Between ADHD and Creativity

Free AccessThe Relationship Between ADHD and CreativityDione M. Healey and Julia J. RucklidgeDione M. HealeySearch for more papers by this author and Julia J. Rucklidge1 Lecturer at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand ([email protected])2 Senior Lecturer at the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; E-mail: [email protected].Search for more papers by this authorPublished Online:July 2008https://doi.org/10.1521/adhd.2008.16.3.1PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations About Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Cited byCited by1. Characterizing Creative Thinking and Creative Achievements in Relation to Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum DisorderOnline publication date: 1 July 2022. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar2. Creativity and ADHD: A review of behavioral studies, the effect of psychostimulants and neural underpinningsOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar3. Creativity in children with ADHD: Effects of medication and comparisons with normal peersOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar4. The prevalence and co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions among entrepreneurs and their familiesOnline publication date: 11 May 2018. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar5. Unity and diversity of executive functions in creativityOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar6. Scope of Semantic Activation and Innovative Thinking in College Students with ADHDOnline publication date: 29 July 2016. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar7. Building Resilience by Shaping MindsetsOnline publication date: 1 April 2011. Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar8. Creative style and achievement in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderOnline publication date: Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar Volume 16Issue 3Jun 2008 Information© The Guilford PressPDF download

Does it Work with the Older Ones? A Review of Behavioural Studies Carried out in British Secondary Schools since 1981

In 1981 the first author carried out a review of studies in behaviour modification in British educational settings. At that time 56 such studies were identified as having been carried out in primary schools, compared with only 24 in secondary schools. In his conclusion the author suggested the form that further empirical investigations might take and pointed out the need for more studies to be undertaken at the secondary level. In the present paper an attempt has been made to give an up‐to‐the‐minute review of the progress that has been made in exploring the usefulness of behavioural methods in secondary schools. What becomes apparent is that whilst behavioural methods have been shown to be equally effective in secondary and primary school settings, very few such studies have been reported: only 37 since the last review, many of these being from the same source. The vast majority of the new studies now reported comprise a ‘rules, praise and ignoring’ element. The reasons why behavioural methods are not mo...