Review Of Antecedents Research Articles

A Study of Consumer Ethnocentrism: Review of Antecedents and Consequences

The transformation of markets across the globe subsequent to the celerity in the pace of globalization ushered in the opening up of markets all over the globe. Globalization of markets and relaxation of trade barriers furthered the free entry of multinational corporations, providing consumers with an ever-expanding variety of foreign product choices. The focus on conventional elements, like price and quality, is not enough to generate ample revenues for firms. Literature suggests that consumers are guided by patriotic feelings that pitch an ethical virtue to accentuate positive side of their own country’s products while undermining the foreign products, to patronize domestic industry and to support workers by buying domestic products. The present paper spells out the concept and nature of consumer ethnocentric tendencies; and highlights the antecedents of consumer ethnocentrism. The study presents a comprehensive structure in elaborate summary tables that provides a holistic view of consumer ethnocentrism in a multi-cultural society.

Multiple Life-Cycle Products: A Review of Antecedents, Outcomes, Challenges, and Benefits in a Circular Economy

The importance of design and its contribution to society is heavily emphasised in the literature. Multiple life-cycle products are based on the ideology value retention of components, products, and materials after its use phase, and utilised for the next life cycle. It contributes to economic growth by reducing resource consumption and environmental impact. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic literature review to understand what antecedents are involved in the generation of multiple life cycles. This study analyses 87 papers on the numerous life-cycle products, using designs for sustainability principles (Reuse, Refurbish, Remanufacturing, Recycle). The study highlighted that DfS could contribute to multiple life-cycle generation by enabling the products to be recoverable at the end-of-use or the end-of-life. The analysis identified antecedents being important for the product and related them to the outcome, benefits, and challenges. Managers need to carefully select the appropriate model for the product's design, evaluation of recovery alternatives, and prices of new and remanufactured products keeping in mind return uncertainty, quality, and volume of used products.

A Review of Antecedents and Effects of Loyalty on Food Retailers toward Sustainability

With the increase in consumer awareness of sustainability and diversified retailer brands, the conceptualizations and dimensions of brand loyalty are changing. Existing research studies have focused on traditional constructs and measurements to explain new phenomena in the food retail sector but ignored the environmental and social effects on consumers’ attitudinal and behavioral loyalty. This study entails an extensive and structured review of definitions, taxonomy, dimensions, and measurements of loyalty within a food marketing context. With an additional emphasis on the notion of sustainability, it provides a perspective theory synthesis that integrates all testified antecedents of all types of loyalty to emphasize a trend of sustainability beyond brand scope, whereby sustainability values create loyalty. A systematic literature review and qualitative analysis methods were used to identify the relevant literature. The studies that qualified for inclusion were those that reported (1) research methods, (2) dimensions of brand loyalty, (3) knowledge of sustainability factors, and (4) organic marketing. This paper summarizes and compares the key constructs and measurements of loyalty to retailers. The results show inconsistencies in relation to two important attitudinal dimensions, namely, brand satisfaction and brand value. Although loyalty towards product brands, loyalty toward service organizations, store loyalty, and retailer loyalty have been studied in recent decades by marketing academics, little attention has been paid to clarifying their role in food retailing, especially regarding whether the established dimensions are relevant in conceptualizing consumer loyalty in sustainability based on organic food marketing. The theoretical implications are discussed in association with the research gap between loyalty dimensions and sustainability values, as well as multidimensional measurements development. The practical implications of this review are important for food retailers and organic food marketers that can meet the satisfaction and retain consumers’ loyalty by providing organic and sustainable products and improving related service quality involving environmental consequences and social well-being.

Leadership and organizational distress: Review of literature

The financial system in any country plays a critical role in facilitating payment and providing policy and performance anchors to the economy. Therefore, systemic financial distress manifests in industry-level financial distress by front-hitting the financial system first. Financial organizations’ failure triggers a domino effect on the whole ecosystem, and therefore financial institutions enjoy various layers of protection when their operations show signs of distress. Several financial industry players worldwide have experienced financial distress in one form or another during episodes of systemic crisis such as the 2008 international financial crisis. Although the distress might not have necessarily led to bankruptcy or liquidation in some cases, it left several questions unanswered, particularly with respect to a leadership role, ecosystem contingencies, and the recovery mechanism. This study scanned recent extant literature on organizational financial distress and identified essential gaps for future research. The study provided a holistic review of antecedents, outcomes, and intra-industry characteristics of financial distress. The study found that the leadership role as an orchestrative agent in an organizational ecosystem has not been adequately addressed in the extant literature. The study contributes to the literature by clarifying leadership aspects of systemic financial distress by placing leadership within the core of the financial ecosystem before, during, and after distress. Outcomes and recommendations for future research are proposed.

The Complexity of Heavy Work Investment (HWI): A Conceptual Integration and Review of Antecedents, Dimensions, and Outcomes

The purpose of this paper is to bring conceptual clarity to the heavy work investment (HWI) construct while building a model based on a review of extant empirical and theoretical research and to encourage further discussion and investigations regarding the nature of HWI, specifically its individual level antecedents, dimensions, and outcomes for both the employee and the organization. The proposed theoretical framework builds upon the Job Demands–Resources model and conceptualizes HWI on a continuum of workaholism and work engagement. Specific propositions for the antecedents and outcomes of the HWI continuum are developed. The paper ends with a discussion of future research directions.

Employee engagement: a structured review of antecedents and consequences

Employee engagement emerges as a critical success factor for the corporate world and has become most researched phenomena. Engagement is a road map to profit, performance and loyalty that begins the journey to the results that organisation is looking for. That is why organisations are putting their extra effort to implement this strategy due to its results that is linked with organisation effectiveness. However, it has rarely been included in academic curriculum and there is very little knowledge about antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. The purpose of this study is to explore conceptual and empirically driven antecedents and consequences of employee engagement concepts. A structured literature review method was adopted to list out antecedents and consequences of employee engagement at individual and organisational level. The results from this study provide supports for identifying antecedents and consequences variables and applicability of these variables towards development of management practices centred on employee engagement.

Employee engagement: a structured review of antecedents and consequences

Employee engagement: a structured review of antecedents and consequences

Work-Family Conflict: A Review Of Antecedents And Outcomes

This paper discusses the work-family conflict that forms the central construct of the work-family literature, and is defined as the experience of mutually incompatible pressures that stem from work and family domains. Juggling myriad responsibilities within the areas of work and family - two of the most important life domains for most adults - has become increasingly difficult. Consequently, the level of experienced conflict has been rising steadily in the last three decades and has a detrimental effect on the individual, family, organizations, and society at large.On the basis of construct definition, the purpose of this paper is to provide a synthesis of the antecedents and outcomes of the work-family conflict. The authors first analyze two categories of antecedents - individual differences and job/family characteristics. Furthermore, outcomes are classified as variables related to well-being, attitudes, and behaviors. By having a clearer understanding of what causes conflict between work and family roles and by being aware of the detrimental effects that conflict has on individuals and organizations, HR professionals, managers, and representatives of other institutions can work together toward developing initiatives for the better integration of work and family roles.

Trust and Distrust in Conflicting Situations: Legal Case Review of Antecedents of Distrust

It is considered that the root cause of a conflicting situation is trust and distrust relationships. To pursue effective negotiations, trust must be built and distrust managed. In the past 10 years, a lot has been studied about trust, but not much has been written about distrust. This paper uses a case study approach to examine the antecedents, behaviors, and consequences in 10 legal cases in Hong Kong, where distrust is generally regarded as the root cause of the problem in the cases. The findings have identified that when people do not want to meet, company affairs or meetings cannot be continued, and when there is a doubt of personal misconduct, there is a clear signal of distrust. Thus, distrust leads to steps taken to reduce our vulnerability in an attempt to protect our interests, such as winding up of a company. In a negotiation, certain procedural facilities and steps should be considered and taken beforehand to disallow the conflict to escalate into a matter that can only be resolved by arbitrati...

Toward effective early intervention and prevention strategies for major affective disorders: a review of antecedents and risk factors.

To review critically the literature pertaining to risk factors and antecedent symptoms and syndromes in order to determine an empirically based strategy for early treatment and prevention of major mood episodes. The relevant literature is summarized, with particular emphasis on early-onset (child and adolescent) mood disorders. A complex interaction between biological, psychological, and sociological factors contributes to the development of a major mood disorder. Having a positive family history of mood disorder (bipolar and unipolar) and being female (unipolar) are the strongest, most reliable risk factors. There is continuity between adolescent and adult mood disorders, and subsyndromal mood disturbance in adolescents has clinical and public health significance. However, more longitudinal study is required to reliably map the course and predictive importance of mood disorders in very young children. Substantial evidence supports the effectiveness of early intervention and prevention efforts in children at risk for mood disorders (identified as having affected family members) and in adolescents manifesting significant mood symptoms and syndromes (especially if associated with a positive family history). However, the current level of understanding regarding the etiological significance and mechanism of risk factors associated with mood disorders does not support broad community-based primary prevention strategies in unselected populations.

Patterns of personality disorder comorbidity in early-onset versus late- onset major depression

This study tested the hypothesis that in a population of adult outpatients with major depression, those with an early onset of depression would have a greater prevalence of personality disorders than those with a late onset of depression. The 404 subjects were patients participating in depression treatment studies at the Massachusetts General Hospital. They were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R-Patient Version to assess the current presence of major depression and the age at onset of the initial depressive episode. The subjects were then divided into two groups: those with early onset (before 18 years of age) and those with late onset (at age 18 or later). The prevalence of personality disorders was determined through use of the physician-rated Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (SCID-II) and the patient-rated Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-Revised (PDQ-R). The patients with early onset of major depression had a significantly higher prevalence of avoidant, histrionic, narcissistic, and borderline personality disorders according to the SCID-II. The PDQ-R scores indicated that avoidant, dependent, passive-aggressive, histrionic, narcissistic, borderline, and antisocial personality disorders were significantly more prevalent among the patients with early onset of major depression. Overall, the results are consistent with the view that early-onset depressive illness is distinguished from late-onset major depression by more frequent association with persistent disturbances in behaviors and attitudes.

Risking Pregnancy in Adolescence: A Review of Antecedents and Outcomes

Risking Pregnancy in Adolescence: A Review of Antecedents and Outcomes

Autoorganización geoquímica: una alternativa sinergética en la modelización de sistemas geológicos. Revisión de principios básicos

Geochemical self-organization Introduce a synergetic view in modeling geological processes. It constitutes a new researching approach and so, its statment are restricted to analytical treatment of, relatively, few phenomena. However, the operative structure and generalized conceptual basis endose this theory in the present unifying drift of Science. In this paper, a review of antecedents in the geochemical self-organization and a general outline of its basic ground are considered. Special emphasis is made in dealing with the feedback concept, as a triggering mechanism of different phenomena, and in the related variables and processes.