Reversible Cause Of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Research Articles

Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Hypocalcemia-Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Pediatric Population.

Background Hypocalcemia is a rare reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy in pediatric population. Myocarditis is another more frequent cause of cardiomyopathy with overlapping presenting features. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is a vital modality capable of tissue characterization for the evaluation of cardiomyopathy. The present study is the first attempt to determine if any specific characteristics on CMR exist in patients with hypocalcemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods A retrospective analysis of 10 cases of hypocalcemic dilated cardiomyopathy (August 2012–August 2019), among which CMRI of nine patients were analyzed. Patients were categorized in to three categories; category 1 defined as absence of edema and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), category 2 having edema only, and category 3 with presence of both edema and LGE. A diagnosis of myocarditis was considered if both edema and LGE were present. Results The mean age of the cohort was 5.5 ± 3.3 months. The mean ejection fraction of the cohort was 20.5 ± 6.85% that improved significantly to 35.22 ± 9.3% at the time of discharge. Five of nine patients had no edema or LGE (category 1), whereas two patients each were categorized into category 2 and 3. All cases in category 1 had normalized ventricular function on follow-up. One patient in category 2 had normal ejection fraction and one was lost to follow-up. Out of the two patients in category 3, there was one mortality and another was lost to follow-up. Of the six patients at follow-up (19 ± 11.0 months), the mean left ventricle ejection fraction improved to 56.5 ± 6.1%. Conclusion Hypocalcemic dilated cardiomyopathy has a favorable outcome on rapid initiation of treatment. CMR can be utilized for further prognostication of these patients. Absence of edema and LGE predicts a good outcome, whereas presence of LGE and/or edema either indicates a worse prognosis or an underlying coexistent myocarditis warranting an early myocardial biopsy.

ANABOLIC STEROIDS INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY

Anabolic steroids are a very rare and reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. Early diagnosis and treatment of steroid induced cardiomyopathy can prevent potentially fatal effects. 28-year-old male with no past medical history presented with one week of history of coughing up blood and

A Review of the Potential Pathogenicity and Management of Frequent Premature Ventricular Contractions.

Very frequent premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) may be a reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. Literature on this largely unrecognized entity has increased in the last 15 years. This paper reviews the literature on the consequences of frequent PVCs on myocardial function and management of PVC-associated cardiomyopathy. The authors reviewed articles published in English before June 2015 describing pathophysiology, risk factors, symptoms, time course, treatment, and outcome of cardiomyopathy associated with PVCs. The search was conducted using Medline and Embase. Keywords included: cardiomyopathy, catheter ablation, antiarrhythmic drug (AAD), pathophysiology, and ventricular premature contractions or synonyms. PVC-associated cardiomyopathy is associated with a high burden of PVC (over 20% of heartbeats). Other risk factors include electrophysiological characteristics, such as PVC QRS width, presence of ventricular tachycardia, retrograde P waves, interpolation, polymorphic PVCs, and longer coupling intervals. Symptoms include palpitations, light-headedness, dyspnea, cough, and dysphagia. The systolic dysfunction and chamber dilatation progress over a few years. Once the PVCs are suppressed by radiofrequency ablation or AADs, the cardiomyopathy usually resolves within 6 months. The pathophysiology remains unknown, but hypotheses mainly include ventricular dyssynchrony resulting in hemodynamic disturbances and abnormalities in calcium handling and oxygen consumption. PVC-associated cardiomyopathy remains a largely unrecognized entity. It is a reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy that results from abnormal calcium and oxygen handling within the myocyte, dyssynchrony, and hemodynamic compromise from inefficient heartbeats. Suppression of the PVCs improves myocardial function, cardiac chamber sizes, and patient's symptoms.

Cushing's Disease Presented by Reversible Dilated Cardiomyopathy.

Introduction. Dilated cardiomyopathy is rarely reported among CS patients especially without hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy. Materials and Methods. We hereby report a Cushing's syndrome case presenting with dilated cardiomyopathy. Results. A 48-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with severe proximal myopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy without ventricular hypertrophy. Cushing's disease was diagnosed and magnetic-resonance imaging of the pituitary gland revealed a microadenoma. Under diuretic and ketoconazole treatments, she underwent a successful transnasal/transsphenoidal adenomectomy procedure. Full recovery of symptoms and echocardiographic features was achieved after six months of surgery. Conclusion. Cushing's syndrome must be kept in mind as a reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. Recovery of cardiomyopathy is achieved with successful surgery.

G77 A Case of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Due to Nutritional Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets

IntroductionDilated Cardiomyopathy is an important cause of heart failure in children. It often has an idiopathic aetiology, but may also be caused by infection and can be inherited. Hypocalcaemia is...

Infants with dilated cardiomyopathy and hypocalcemia

Hypocalcemia is a rare reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and congestive heart failure; however, there are few reported cases, especially in infants. We describe 12 infants presenting with DCM and congestive cardiac failure who were found to have hypocalcemia. Vitamin D deficiency was the cause of hypocalcemia in all cases. The infants improved on supplementation with vitamin D and calcium.

Reversible dilated cardiomyopathy caused by idiopathic hypoparathyroidism

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is usually an idiopathic disease with a poor prognosis. Hypocalcemia is a rare and reversible cause of DCM. Here, we report a 50-year-old female with DCM, induced by idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, that improved after treatment with calcium.

Une cause réversible de la cardiomyopathie dilatée : l’hypocalcémie

BackgroundHypocalcemia is very rare reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) witch can concern one or both ventricules. We here presented two cases of DCMP that caused by hypocalcemia and recovered totally after oral calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Case presentation 1A 29-year-old Caucasian female was admitted in our hospital due to congestive heart failure with dyspnea (NYHA class IV) and generalized edema for 2days. She had a history of total thyroidectomy one year a go. She had taken synthyroid as a daily medication associated to calcium supplementation and vitamin D because of hypoparathyroidism. Patient was not compliant to treatment. Trans thoracic echocardiography (TTE) showed a dilated left ventricule (LV) with global hypokinesia with 28% of left ventricule ejection and moderate mitral regurgitation. Laboratory test showed a severe hypocalcemia. After correction of hypocalcemia, there was a clear clinical improvement and four months later a total recovery was found. Case presentation 2A 44-year-old Caucasian male was referred to the hospital for rebel congestive heart failure with dyspnea and edema of lower limbs despite optimal treatment. Patient had no medical past history. TEE showed dilated cardiomyopathy with severe alteration of left ventricule systolic function (25%). Biological tests showed a hypocalcemia and primary hypoparathyroidism. An improvement of symptoms after correction of metabolic disorder was found. LV gradually recovered its performance. ConclusionPatients outcome in end stage heart failure is different from the classical outcomes in patients with hypocalcemia induced heart disease. DCMP induced by hypocalcemia should be considered in patients with heart failure associated with medical conditions leading to hypocalcemia. It requires a specific treatment.

Newborn with Dilated Cardiomyopathy Secondary to Vitamin D Deficiency

Hypocalcemia is a rare but reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy with limited cases being reported in the literature. Vitamin D deficiency is the main cause of hypocalcemia in almost all reported cases. We report a newborn presented with hypocalcemia-induced dilated cardiomyopathy secondary to vitamin D deficiency. After calcium and vitamin D therapy, the baby showed a rapid recovery of the cardiac function.

‘Frequent’ ventricular bigeminy – A reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. How frequent is ‘frequent’?

An interesting development in the field of heart failure has been the link between frequent premature ventricular contractions and cardiomyopathy. We report a patient whose frequent ventricular bigeminy resulted in left ventricular impairment that resolved after the use of non-contact mapping during radiofrequency ablation. A review of the literature regarding possible mechanisms is discussed. For the practicing clinician, the question of 'frequent' should be taken in context of symptoms and LV function. A single 24-h Holter monitor may not truly reflect the ectopic load. We recommend that if there is associated LV dysfunction and a causal link to frequent PVCs then suppression with radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective treatment strategy.

Miocardiopatía secundaria a taquicardia auricular ectópica

Ectopic atrial tachycardia is an uncommon cause of supraventricular tachycardia in children. It can resolve spontaneously or induce dilated cardiomyopathy. It is important to recognize this entity as a reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy, characterized by the presence of an abnormal focus located in the atrial myocardium and distinct to sinus node. Treatment strategies include the use of antiarrhythmic drugs, radiofrequency ablation, and, in patients refractory to medical treatment, surgical resection of the ectopic focus. We describe a patient with dilated cardiomyopathy due to an atrial ectopic focus and its resolution after medical treatment.

Reversible symptomatic dilated cardiomyopathy in older children and young adolescents due to primary non-sinus supraventricular tachyarrhythmias.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) due to a primary supraventricular tachycardia not originating from the sinus node is not frequently seen in older children or adolescents. However, it is important to recognize this entity as a reversible cause of DCM to avoid costly and inappropriate treatments for these patients. We describe 7 patients who presented with DCM. Five were misdiagnosed as having "sinus" tachycardia secondary to an idiopathic DCM, and 2 were correctly diagnosed as having DCM secondary to an atrial tachycardia. All underwent electrophysiologic treatment of the tachycardia with remission of the DCM.

Coronary artery obstruction: A potentially reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy

Coronary artery obstruction: A potentially reversible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy