Revenue Streams Research Articles

Combined telemedicine-first and direct primary care as a promising model of healthcare delivery.

Telemedicine is comparable in quality to in-person care, adequate for many primary care concerns, acceptable to patients, and can overcome barriers to care. However, patients are reluctant to pay the same for telemedicine as in-person care and uncertainty about future payor reimbursement makes it risky to base a clinical practice primarily on telemedicine. Physical exam-supported information collection and relationship-building are limited in telemedicine, but can be mitigated through remote patient monitoring and ample access to a provider and clinical team. Subscription-based direct primary care models disconnect payment from episodes of care, which can support enhanced communication between the patient and care team and support time for asynchronous tasks such as remote patient monitoring data review. A "telemedicine first, direct primary care" model in which most care is provided through telemedicine and financed via subscription would retain the convenience of telemedicine, mitigate relationship-limiting deficiencies due to the lack of physical contact, and provide a stable revenue stream to support a telemedicine-based approach to care. Paired with specialist access via eConsults and options to refer to in-person care when necessary, this model would support telemedicine as the foundation for practice and connect underserved populations to primary and specialty care.

Customer Churn Prediction Approach Based on LLM Embeddings and Logistic Regression

Nowadays, predicting customer churn is essential for the success of any company. Loyal customers generate continuous revenue streams, resulting in long-term success and growth. Moreover, companies are increasingly prioritizing the retention of existing customers due to the higher costs associated with attracting new ones. Consequently, there has been a growing demand for advanced methods aimed at enhancing customer loyalty and satisfaction, as well as predicting churners. In our work, we focused on building a robust churn prediction model for the telecommunications industry based on large embeddings from large language models and logistic regression to accurately identify churners. We conducted extensive experiments using a range of embedding techniques, including OpenAI Text-embedding, Google Gemini Text Embedding, bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), Sentence-Transformers, Sent2vec, and Doc2vec, to extract meaningful features. Additionally, we tested various classifiers, including logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, K-nearest neighbors, multilayer perceptron, naive Bayes, decision tree, and zero-shot classification, to build a robust model capable of making accurate predictions. The best-performing model in our experiments is the logistic regression classifier, which we trained using the extracted feature from the OpenAI Text-embedding-ada-002 model, achieving an accuracy of 89%. The proposed model demonstrates a high discriminative ability between churning and loyal customers.

Determinants of Salary Variation and the Gender Pay Gap: A Survey of the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) Surgeon Member Workforce

BackgroundThe increased emphasis on reimbursement, diversity, and burnout in hip and knee arthroplasty necessitates a foundational understanding of the surgeon workforce. The purpose of the study was to cross sectionally survey a representative sample of the AAHKS surgeon membership on the subject of salary, practice patterns, and demographic factors to establish a baseline framework for future advocacy efforts and initiatives. MethodsAn online survey was sent to AAHKS members between December 20, 2022 and January 19, 2023. Surgeon demographic data, experience, practice geography and type, and annual case volume were solicited. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to describe the association of respondent characteristics with reported salary directly from patient care, as well as indirect revenue streams. ResultsA total of 730 AAHKS members responded to the survey. The largest proportion of surgeons performed 251-400 cases annually (36%); 81% (n = 592) and 93% (n = 679) of respondents identified as white and male, respectively. Case volume was the primary determinant for surgeon salary, followed by practice type, years in practice, and gender. After controlling for confounding variables, multivariate analyses revealed the direct salary of women surgeons was 14.4% less than men [95% confidence interval, 0.4%-28.3%]. When considering indirect revenue, the gender pay gap widened. Salary was not associated with reported hours worked per week, geographic location, or ethnicity. ConclusionsSalary is an important but underdiscussed subject that reflects the realities of our culture and value system in medicine. A direct relationship between salary and modifiable variables like case volume is clear. However, after controlling for confounders, women arthroplasty surgeons still earn 86 cents on the dollar compared to their male colleagues from direct surgical revenue.

Exploring the Economic Opportunities and Challenges in Documenting Hausa Oral Literature: Special Reference to Sa'idu Faru's Songs

This paper delves into the documentation of Hausa oral literature in the digital era, focusing on the songs of Makaɗa Sa'idu Faru. It aims at a comprehensive exploration of the challenges and opportunities as well as understand the economic implications and ethical considerations inherent in this endeavor. By synthesizing findings from various methodologies, including literature review and case studies, the paper highlights the shift towards digital platforms and the utilization of online channels for preservation efforts. Findings of the article reveal diverse revenue streams and highlight the importance of collaborative approaches for sustainable preservation. Recommendations emphasize the need for training programs, policy development, and investment in digital archives to ensure the integrity and accessibility of Hausa oral literature in the digital age.

The operating profit flow method as a profitability analysis tool for hospitality enterprises

This study introduces the flow-through method, focusing on retaining incremental revenue as an alternative approach. Unlike conventional ratios, this method explains causal relationships between income statement items and aids in future projections. The hospitality industry, with varied revenue streams, faces challenges in applying uniform methods, limiting adoption due to practitioner unawareness. This research analyzes the financials of Hyatt, Marriott, and Hilton from 2021 to 2022 using the flow-through method. The study employs both exploratory and quantitative methods to understand how revenue streams and departmental operations affect profits. It proposes a compact formula for calculating the stream from incremental revenue changes, starting with determining departmental expenses. Results indicate hoteliers achieved remarkable success, demonstrating efficient revenue-profit conversion during post-pandemic recovery. This method provides valuable insights for hospitality managers and potential cross-application in various sectors. Future studies could investigate cross-industry applications, integrate technological tools, and perform longitudinal analyses to enhance and broaden the method's utility.

Quality assessment of spent laying hens and analysis of influencing factors

In China, a considerable number of spent laying hens are disposed annually, with the majority being processed into various food products. The sale of spent laying hens has become a significant revenue stream within the poultry industry. We selected spent laying hens at 100 weeks of age as the research subjects to explore the factors influencing their market price. Information was gathered through product and enterprise investigations. Thereafter, 90 Rhode Island Red laying hens, also at 100 weeks old, were acquired for slaughter. The carcass evaluation was conducted utilizing the methodology prescribed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Tibial specimens were procured for the purpose of quantifying their length, mass, diameter, maximum breaking strength, maximum breaking distance, as well as for determining the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, and ash content. Through comprehensive market research and industry surveys, this study found that the primary factor affecting the selling price of spent laying hens is body weight, with 1.5 to 2 kg of chickens being preferred. The USDA quality assessment standards for post-slaughter evaluation, it was found that the incidence of dislocation was 11.1 %, which emerged as a primary factor affecting carcass quality, directly resulting in a decline in quality. The results of the correlation analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the bone health status and dislocation in laying hens. Dislocations occur mainly due to direct external forces during the culling process caused by the injuries during the slaughter process. Surveys show that the main factor affecting the selling price of spent laying hens is body weight, and the optimal weight range is where farmers gain price advantages during the culling process. The principal factor impacting the carcass quality of spent laying hens is dislocation, which are mainly caused by excessive culling and have no obvious correlation with bone health.

Autonomizing Public Universities in Ethiopia: Exploring the Potential Challenges

Background This study examines the challenges faced by Ethiopian public universities in achieving institutional, administrative, academic, and financial autonomy. Institutional autonomy refers to a university’s ability to self-govern, set its mission, and establish policies without external interference. Administrative autonomy concerns decision-making in operations, academic autonomy relates to academic freedom and quality assurance, and financial autonomy involves control over resources and revenue generation. In Ethiopia, centralized governance, political interference, and limited financial strategies create significant barriers to autonomy. Method A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and direct observations. Data were collected from 59 participants across three public universities. Tools included consent forms, interview guides, focus group discussion guides, and observation checklists. Thematic analysis was used to identify key patterns in the autonomy challenges. The study is grounded in Institutional Theory, Principal-Agent Theory, and Resource Dependency Theory. Result The findings indicate that institutional autonomy is constrained by centralized governance and political interference, limiting universities’ ability to make independent decisions, as explained by Institutional Theory. Administrative autonomy faces similar restrictions, with decision-making influenced by external entities, as highlighted by Principal-Agent Theory. Academic autonomy is challenged by the tension between standardization and institutional diversity, particularly in quality assurance and accreditation. Financial autonomy is limited by restricted revenue sources, economic instability, and a lack of innovative funding strategies, as discussed through Resource Dependency Theory. Conclusion The study concludes that Ethiopian public universities face significant barriers to autonomy. Addressing these challenges requires reducing strict governmental control, improving governance structures, and promoting independent decision-making and sources of incomes. Recommendations The study recommends implementing governance reforms, providing leadership training for university administrators, enhancing academic freedom with flexible quality assurance systems, and diversifying revenue streams through partnerships and expanded university enterprises to ensure financial sustainability.

Synthetic biology‐enhanced microalgae for biofuel production: a perspective

AbstractThe development of microalgae‐based biofuels has emerged as a promising solution to address the pressing global challenges of climate change, resource scarcity, and the need for renewable energy sources. Microalgae possess unique capabilities that make them an attractive feedstock for biofuel production, including their ability to capture and sequester carbon dioxide, their efficient use of water and land resources, and the potential for them to utilize waste streams as nutrient sources. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the environmental and economic implications of microalgae‐derived fuels, highlighting the key benefits and remaining challenges. The integration of synthetic biology to enhance microalgae strains, optimize cultivation and processing, and diversify revenue streams is explored as a means to address the economic barriers to large‐scale commercialization. As research and development in this field continue to progress, the future prospects of microalgae‐based biofuels are discussed, underscoring their potential to reshape the global energy landscape towards a more sustainable and economically viable future.

Structural Challenges and a Role Innew Health Policy Management in Future India

Objectives: This paper aims to investigate the evolution of supply chain management (SCM) in the globalization era, which is typified by the focus on global supplier relationship systems and the growth of supply chains across national borders and continents. Methods: The introduction of the mathematical models, which include a broad range of linear, integer, and non-linear programming models, is the first section of this paper. Location modeling and transportation planning are two common applications for heuristic models. Although mathematical and heuristic models are best suited for analytical problem solving, complex real-world issues frequently call for basic assumptions. In simulation models, the intricacies of the problem and the relationships between different variables are represented by equations, and then an attempt is made to discuss a comparative analysis of the results. Results: Once put into place, the system always has a lifespan that is determined by the previously mentioned factors and problems. It would be more accurate to say that all developed systems should be reviewed on a regular basis and any necessary adjustments made to maintain their functionality and effectiveness. Conclusion: According to this paper, the fiercely competitive food production market is largely driven by time-based competition, and a producer's or farmer's ability to offer a customer a flexible and responsive supply determines its competitive edge. These businesses understand that providing creative products and outstanding customer service is essential to retaining clients and opening up new revenue streams.

Business Development Strategy with SWOT Analysis Approach and Business Model Canvas at Wink Beauty Studio

This research aims to analyze business development strategies at Wink Beauty Studio using the SWOT Analysis and Business Model Canvas approaches. This approach aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the company's internal and external conditions and formulate the right strategy for business development. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The collected data were analyzed using a SWOT matrix to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced by the company. The results of the SWOT analysis were then mapped into the nine elements of the Business Model Canvas, which include customer segments, value propositions, distribution channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, key partners, and cost structures. The research findings show that Wink Beauty Studio has several key strengths, such as superior service quality and customer loyalty, but also faces challenges, such as intense competition and limited resources. Development opportunities lie in the growing beauty trend and the potential of the digital market. By capitalizing on internal strengths and external opportunities, the company can develop more effective strategies to expand market reach and increase profitability. This research is expected to contribute to the management of Wink Beauty Studio in formulating the right strategic steps and become a reference for other beauty business actors in developing their businesses.

The Effects of Oil and Non-Oil Export Revenue on Income Inequality in Angola

This study examines the impact of oil and non-oil export revenue on income inequality in Angola from 1995 to 2023, aiming to contribute to the existing discourse surrounding the empirical effects of these revenue streams on income disparity within the Angolan context. Our contribution is twofold. First, there is a notable scarcity of empirical studies addressing this issue within the Angolan economy; the prevailing literature often relies on aggregated or grouped data. Second, this research pioneers the application of the Palma Ratio as a metric to assess the relationship between natural resource revenues and income inequality in Angola. To ensure the reliability and validity of our econometric analysis, we conducted rigorous pre- and post-estimation tests. This research employs a quantitative correlational design to ascertain the existence and nature of the relationship between revenues from oil and non-oil exports and income inequality in Angola. A comprehensive statistical and econometric analysis was performed utilizing data from national sources, including the National Bank of Angola, and international databases, such as the World Bank. Employing the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, our findings reveal that oil export revenues significantly exacerbate the income inequality gap between the wealthiest and the poorest segments of the population. In contrast, non-oil export revenues are found to mitigate this disparity. Based on the empirical evidence presented, this study advocates for the allocation of a portion of oil revenues towards social programs, particularly in health care and education subsidies, to promote a more equitable income distribution and enhance social welfare in Angola.

Waste-to-energy: exploring the roadmap for energy generation from commercial waste in South Africa

Purpose This study aims to investigate the adoption of waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies in South Africa (SA), focusing on identifying the key drivers, barriers and potential solutions for commercial uptake. The ultimate aim is to propose an implementation framework that promotes renewable energy while reducing landfill reliance. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review (SLR) of papers published between 2020 and 2023 was conducted to identify factors impacting WtE adoption in SA. The conceptual model developed from the SLR was tested using a qualitative case study approach. Data was collected through 15 semi-structured interviews with commercial entities and WtE experts from four regions of SA. Findings Anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis are identified as the most suitable waste-to-energy technologies in the South African context. Among the financial challenges of WtE in SA, the availability of cheap coal, low landfill tariffs, high capital costs, funding constraints and regressive economic incentives are critical. The lack of government support, insufficient incentives, regulatory burdens, weak policies and limited innovation capacity are considerable non-financial barriers hindering WtE technologies’ growth. The successful adoption of renewable energy also requires adequate infrastructure, increased sustainability awareness and technical expertise. Research limitations/implications Although the sample size is diverse and consists of a range of organisations, it may not capture the thoughts and experiences of other SA businesses in their entirety. It is important to note that the lack of existing research on the implementation, benefits and impacts of WtE technologies limits the authors’ ability to interpret and benchmark the findings of this study. Yet, this study contributes by developing an implementation framework to encourage WtE adoption, recommending policy actions such as regressive taxation on fossil fuels and landfills and promoting renewable energy through subsidies, awareness and energy credits. Practical implications This study provides a practical framework for businesses and policymakers to adopt WtE technologies by addressing key barriers. The research suggests that businesses could reduce waste management costs and generate new revenue streams by adopting anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis. Policymakers are encouraged to disincentivize landfills and promote WtE through financial incentives such as subsidies and energy credits. The implementation framework offers clear recommendations for integrating WtE into SA’s energy and waste management strategies, supporting both sustainability and economic goals. Social implications The main social contribution is the potential for WtE adoption to improve waste management practices and generate new job opportunities within the renewable energy and waste sectors. Originality/value This study provides a novel contribution by developing an implementation framework tailored to SA’s unique regulatory, economic and social contexts. The research highlights the importance of aligning WtE adoption with sustainability goals, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting renewable energy. The framework serves as a practical guide for policymakers, businesses and industry leaders seeking to implement sustainable waste management solutions in SA.

Accounting for credit card rewards programmes: the perceptions of managers and experts

Purpose International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 15 required credit card rewards programmes (CCRPs) to reconsider their accounting practices. While Brink and Steenkamp (2023a, 2023b) developed a theoretical accounting model for CCRP transactions after the effective date of IFRS 15, this model should be validated and finalised as an accounting framework. Thus, the purpose of the present paper was to examine the validity of Brink and Steenkamp’s (2023b) model by interviewing CCRP managers and obtaining the opinions of experts in the field, and then develop a framework for accounting for CCRP transactions after the effective date of IFRS 15. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative exploratory approach within an interpretive paradigm was applied. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with South African CCRP managers, after which the Delphi technique (with 22 experts) was used. All data collected were analysed using thematic analysis, after which the CCRP accounting framework was finalised. Findings The study confirmed parts of the theoretical model, updated the model for what was evident in practice (e.g., not identifying interest as a relevant revenue stream, not differentiating between an open-loop and closed-loop structure and not including interest in the interchange fee) and improved the model by including alternative accounting treatments and additional guidance (e.g., to determine how the CCRP transaction should be viewed and to determine the value of award credits without an observable value). Practical implications The CCRP accounting framework provides practical guidelines for CCRP accounting and will assist managers of CCRPs in their decision-making processes and the application of judgement. Originality/value The study developed a CCRP accounting framework embedded in a decision tree and included all possible alternatives for accounting for CCRP transactions, which is a novel contribution to the field.

Be digital to be sustainable! The mediating role of sustainable supply chain practices in triggering the effects of digitalisation on Sustainable Development Goals in the European Union

Research background: European Union (EU) economies need to enhance sustainable supply chains (SSCs) through digitalisation to realise sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, the impact of digitalisation on the SDGs is complex and multifaceted, and the role of SSCs in mediating this relationship is not fully understood. While extant research has delved into the influence of digitalisation on SSCs, predominantly within specific industries or geographic regions, a research gap persists concerning large-N samples and the generalisability of results. Purpose of the article: This study evaluates the role of digitalisation in achieving SDGs along with the mediation of SSCs based on the resource-based view, the triple-bottom-line, and dynamic capabilities theories. Methods: The study has extracted panel data from Eurostat from 2013 to 2022 and evaluated these data through partial least squares structural equation modelling to estimate the association among constructs. The sample covers the EU–27 countries and consists of 270 observations. Digitalisation is operationalised as the use of digital technologies to, for instance, innovate business models, provide new revenue streams and value-producing opportunities, and enhance, streamline, and make supply chain processes more efficient and environmentally sustainable. SSC practices encompass the design, planning, execution, and monitoring of supply chain activities to create value, optimise resources, and minimise environmental impact. Findings & value-added: The findings indicate that digitalisation has a positive association with SDGs and SSC practices. The study also noted that SSC initiatives play a mediating role between digitalisation and SDGs among the EU economies. These interesting insights could direct policymakers to enforce the initiative of digitalisation in SSCs to boost SDGs in EU economies. Although the literature on digitalisation and SSCs has gained significant attention, this is the first study in these domains.

Developing a Model for Sustainable Financing for Biodiversity Conservation in Namibian National Parks

Biodiversity conservation is essential for maintaining ecological balance and fostering sustainable development. Biodiversity conservation efforts in Namibia encompass activities such as monitoring protected areas, preserving natural resources, preventing poaching, adapting to environmental changes, promoting tourism, and engaging in forestry work. Despite these efforts, funding for biodiversity conservation is insufficient, thereby necessitating innovative strategies to secure additional financial resources. Consequently, this study evaluated the total economic costs and benefits of biodiversity and its conservation to create a sustainable financing model for biodiversity conservation in Namibian national parks. This study aimed to develop a model for sustainable financing of biodiversity conservation in national parks, specifically within the context of Namibia. The research addresses the chronic underfunding of conservation activities and explores innovative financial strategies to bridge the funding gap. The study was based on the philosophy of pragmatism, used a mixed-methods research approach, and employed a concurrent research design. For the quantitative aspect, the study used the census sampling approach on 60 respondents. For the qualitative aspect, the study used purposive sampling on nine participants. To collect data, both aspects used structured questionnaires which were self-administered online using Google Forms, whereby the questionnaire for the quantitative aspects comprised closed-ended questions, while the one for the qualitative constituted open-ended questions. The study employed various analytical tools to analyse the data, precisely the PLS-SEM in SmartPLS 4 software for the quantitative aspect and the reflexive thematic analysis with direct quotations in ATLAS.ti for the qualitative aspect. The quantitative aspect of the study ensured reliability in terms of internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability using omega-a (rho_a). The quantitative aspect of the study used convergent validity based on the factor loading of the indicators and the average variance extracted (AVE), as well as discriminant validity using the Fornell-Lacker and Heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) ratios. The findings indicate that effective financial management moderately and positively impacts the financial stability of biodiversity conservation in Namibia. Moreover, the study shows a strong positive and statistically significant correlation between sales revenue and financial stability in biodiversity conservation. However, numerous challenges hinder the financial stability of Namibia’s national parks. The study concludes that sales revenue should be a managerial focus in achieving financial stability. Drawing on these findings, a comprehensive model for sustainable financing was developed, which identifies key revenue streams and management practices crucial for long-term financial viability. The results of this study provide a noteworthy contribution to the current state of research, shedding new light on key issues and themes, and elucidating financial obstacles and opportunities pertinent to biodiversity conservation.

Arts management and economic development: The role of cultural organizations in China’s regional growth

This study explores the role of arts management in regional economic development within major Chinese cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen. Cultural organizations—such as museums, theaters, and galleries—contribute significantly to local economies through tourism, job creation, and the enhancement of cultural branding. Using a qualitative approach, 18 semi-structured interviews with arts managers and policymakers selected based on their influential roles in cultural organizations across these cities. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis, which identified key themes including the economic impact of cultural organizations, the influence of government policies, challenges in arts management, and the role of cultural tourism in fostering regional growth. The findings reveal that while government policies play a pivotal role in supporting cultural organizations, providing crucial funding, tax incentives, and infrastructure development, concerns remain about the long-term sustainability of funding due to shifting political and economic priorities. Additionally, arts managers face challenges related to balancing artistic goals with financial viability, particularly as the sector becomes increasingly competitive and technology-dependent. Key challenges identified include securing stable funding sources, adapting to digital technologies, talent retention, and maintaining artistic integrity amid commercial pressures. The study highlights the need for diversified funding models such as public-private partnerships and alternative revenue streams and suggests further exploration into the role of smaller cultural organizations in rural regions to promote inclusive regional development. Practical recommendations include developing strategies to enhance financial sustainability, investing in digital capabilities, and formulating policies that provide long-term support for the cultural sector. Overall, the research contributes to a better understanding of how effective arts management can drive regional economic development and offers practical recommendations for strengthening the sustainability of China’s cultural sector.

The Falling House of Wirecard

ABSTRACT The collapse of German payment processing company Wirecard led to many (still unfolding) revelations about failed auditing processes. Using the story of the rise and fall of Wirecard, dubbed the “Enron of Germany,” this case seeks to stimulate student attention to critical auditing areas while highlighting how audits fail. It also provides a solid foundation for understanding how auditing regulation and standards may differ between nations, highlighting the United States and Germany. It is designed to improve students’ understanding of auditing regulation and practice and to improve research and critical thinking skills. It includes a description of key executives, corporate structure, revenue streams, potential red flags, and actions taken by Wirecard’s auditor, Ernst & Young. It then poses 14 questions for student response, using the case materials and their own research. The questions are customizable by faculty. This case is appropriate for both undergraduate and graduate auditing classes. Data availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.

Digital Transformation and Innovation : Driving Business Growth

This comprehensive article explores the symbiotic relationship between digital transformation and innovation in driving business growth. It examines the key components of digital transformation, including cloud computing, big data analytics, AI, IoT, cybersecurity, and digital platforms. The article discusses how digital transformation catalyzes innovation through data-driven decision-making, fostering experimentation, enhancing collaboration, and accelerating time-to-market. It outlines the competitive advantages of digital transformation, such as improved customer experience, operational efficiency, new revenue streams, agility, and talent attraction. Case studies of successful digital transformations are presented, along with an analysis of organizations' challenges and considerations in their digital transformation journeys.

THE ROLE OF THE GREEN ECONOMY IN IMPROVING THE STATE BUDGET

THE ROLE OF THE GREEN ECONOMY IN IMPROVING THE STATE BUDGET

Increasing revenues of offshore wind farms with co-located energy storage systems

Abstract Co-located onshore and offshore energy storage systems exhibit the potential of diversifying and increasing revenue streams of offshore wind farms. However, these systems should be designed and sized considering the power generation profile, the route to market of these assets, i.e. power trading strategy, and dynamics of the various segments of the power market. In this study, the feasibility of deploying subsea hydro-pneumatic storage systems was investigated. It was seen that if a 50MW capacity system with a storage duration of 4 hours is deployed in an offshore wind farm of 1000MW capacity, the wind farm can potentially participate in the day-ahead and ancillary services markets more confidently from a risk perspective. The relatively higher volatility in these markets presents an opportunity to improve economics of these offshore wind projects as long as costs can be kept under control.