Reusable Packs Research Articles

Application of Low Carbon Materials in Packaging

Excessive packaging waste and toxic contaminating material applications have imposed severe impairs on human living environment. It has become the focus of low carbon packaging material study as how to apply low carbon and environmental material and bring packaging material back to its original nature. This paper analyzes the current situation and existing problems of packaging materials, and makes a study on low carbon material application in wine, tea and soft drink products based on discussions of original ecological simple packaging materials, sustainable and reusable packing materials as well as biomimetic packing materials in view of low carbon application. In view of the strategy of sustainable development, development in low carbon and environmental material and exploration of new and improved materials are of great significance to green packaging progress.

A robust pressure sensor for harsh environmental applications

Due to economical and environmental requirements there is a strong need both to increase the efficiency and to monitor the actual status of gas turbines, rocket engines and deep drilling systems. For these applications a micromachined pressure sensor based on a sapphire body and a platinum thin film metallization is presented to withstand harsh environments such as high temperature levels, aggressive media and/or high pressure loads. For pre-evaluation purposes, a reusable packing is used enabling the device characterization in a very efficient way up to temperatures of 440°C and pressures of 30bar, respectively. As expected, the output signals of the Wheatstone bridge increase with higher pressures, but decrease with enhanced temperature levels. Furthermore, these characteristics show a sensitivity of about 10μV/(Vbar) in this temperature range and a negative drift in the offset when no pressure load is applied with increasing temperature. This effect is predominantly caused by the mismatch of the temperature coefficients of expansion associated with the device and the housing leading to a pre-stressed membrane.

Micromachined pressure sensor based on sapphire for high temperature applications

In this study, a micromachined pressure sensor based on a sapphire body and a platinum thin film metallization is presented which is targeted for harsh environmental applications. High temperature levels, aggressive media and high pressure loads typically occur in gas turbines, rocket engines or deep drilling systems. For pre-evaluation purposes, a reusable packing is used enabling very effectively device characterization up to temperatures of 300∘C and pressures of 100 bar. As expected, the output signals of the Wheatstone bridge increase with higher pressures, but decrease with enhanced temperature levels. These curves show a maximum, negative drift of about −30 ppm at full temperature and pressure load and the sensitivity is about 10 μV/(V ⋅bar).