Return Cycle Research Articles

Logistics park charging station optimization using improved genetic algorithms

The one-time investment and later operation efficiency of the supporting charging station are critical for the length of the investment return cycle. In this article, to meet the charging demand of logistics parks as the precondition, through the minimum total cost (construction, operation, maintenance, and depreciation) as the objective function, the improved genetic algorithm (GA) is used to look for the optimal solution. The operations of the charging station planning of a logistics park in off-season and peak-season are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the model and calculation method proposed in this article can provide effective support for the planning decision of logistics park charging. This study can guide the improvement and management in charging station configuration.

Exploring the key technologies needed for the commercialization of electric flying cars: A levelized cost and profitability analysis

Flying cars, also known as Vertical Takeoff and Landing aircraft (VTOLs), can significantly improve transportation efficiency, and are expected to play an important role in future transportation. However, the technical requirements to make electric flying cars economically feasible remains insufficiently investigated. In this study, with detailed cost calculation model, the levelized cost and profit of electric flying car operation are estimated. The results show that under the base case (250 Wh/kg battery, baseline cost, battery swapping, no unmanned autonomous driving systems), the levelized cost is $0.61/passenger-km, about one-third higher than on-road taxi cost. Under passenger fare of $1.00/passenger-km, the net present value is $0.46 million, which implies an investment return cycle of 5 years, comparable to the airline industry. Advanced technology deployment can significantly improve profitability. With battery specific energy increased to 400 and 600 Wh/kg, the net present value increases by 60 % and 72 %. The investment return cycle can be reduced to 3 and 2 years, making electric flying car operation a high-profitability industry comparable to ride-sharing. The use of unmanned autonomous driving systems can drive net present value up to 4.2 times that under the base case, implying an investment return cycle of 2 years. Compared with battery swapping, charging as the energy supplementing approach leads to lower operation efficiency, but can be compensated by fast-charging and the reduction of battery capacity. The results suggest that the electric flying car industry could take full advantage of on-road-vehicle battery technology development. Efforts should be made in establishing a complete air-ground joint management system to facilitate unmanned autonomous driving.

EXECUTIVE TEAM FAULT LINES AND GREEN INNOVATION PERFORMANCE OF ENTERPRISES - A PERSPECTIVE OF RISK UNDERTAKING

Environmental pollution and ecological degradation are increasingly becoming urgent global issues, drawing widespread attention. Against this backdrop, how businesses can balance economic benefits with environmental protection to ensure sustainable development has become a pressing issue to address. Green innovation, representing a synergistic blend of "innovation-driven" and "green development," can simultaneously meet the requirements for economic growth and ecological environmental protection. In the process of driving green innovation, the executive team plays a crucial role. As the heart of corporate decision-making and execution, the internal differentiation within the executive team, including physiological fault lines based on gender and age as well as task-related fault lines based on education, function, and tenure, affects the team's collaboration and decision-making efficiency, thereby influencing the implementation and outcomes of green innovation. Green innovation projects often entail high risk, difficulty, and long return cycles. 
 When making green innovation decisions, a company's insufficient risk-taking capacity may limit its investment and attempts at green innovation. This study, grounded in upper echelon theory and other theoretical frameworks, selects Chinese manufacturing companies listed from 2015 to 2022 as research subjects. From the perspective of corporate risk-taking, it delves into how physiological and task-related fault lines within the executive team affect green innovation performance by influencing the company's capacity for risk-taking. The research findings indicate that rational configuration and effective risk management by the executive team are crucial for promoting green innovation within a company, offering theoretical and practical guidance for achieving sustainable development.

Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 molecular results from the first two COVID-19 waves in Gauteng.

Laboratory-based molecular assays return cycle threshold (Ct) values for each gene target. There is limited hyperlocal information describing the Ct, age and sex trends during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) waves in South Africa. To analyse the demographic and Ct value trends of SARS-CoV-2 molecular assays from two South African hospitals. The Seegene Allplex 2019-nCoV™ results from the first two waves (June-July 2020 and November 2020-January 2021) from two major hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa, were extracted from the laboratory information system. Demographic variables and Ct values were analysed. Overall, 2391 samples were analysed over two waves. In both waves, more women were tested than men; 68.4% versus 31.2% in the first wave and 59.8% versus 39.7% in the second wave. Differences in Ct values among the age groups were non-significant overall; however, most median Ct values in all age groups were < 30. Men had lower median Ct values in the first wave, but this trend reversed in the second wave (p < 0.001). The first wave had significantly lower mean and median Ct values per gene target (p < 0.001). Patients tested in the first wave had lower Ct values. All age groups in both waves demonstrated infectivity potential; the demographic analysis agreed with South Africa's coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemiological trends in both waves. Granular insight into the basic demographic variables and Ct trends of SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results within and between SARS-CoV-2 waves in South Africa.

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Stock Return Rate

The people who are investors in the Chinese stock market always seek sequences or patterns, like the periodicity of the stock market, to help them for making a better return. Now some of the patterns have been proven. The periodicity of stocks and investor sentiment will affect investors' decisions and have a huge impact on China's stock market. This article aims to find out the influencing factors on different aspects of the stock market’s periocity. The article shows the impacts on China’s stock market caused by the periodicity of factors like the rate of return, investor sentiment, macroeconomic indicators, and economic cycles. From the method of calculating the past five years’ stock index data and comparing the fluctuation every single month can find out the proper time for investment. From other aspects, the firm report has been an example of an impact on investor sentiment. And all in all, these aspects correlate with the return to the stock market. Every factor has been unconsciously altering the stock market to a certain extent.

FLOOD HAZARD MODELLING USING HYDRAULIC SIMULATION MODEL AND SATELLITE IMAGES: A CASE STUDY OF CHAJ DOAB, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN

The main objective of the study is to determine the highly risked areas and to estimate flood extend through different return periods. HecGeo-RAS is used along with Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) to build a model which have analyzed the flow of water. The river and floodplain geometry were obtained by SRTM-DEM and flood mapping is finalized by the vector layer analysis in ARC GIS. Frequency analysis for the period 1986-2014 (29 years), instantaneous discharge data performed by Gumbel's, and LP3. Results depicts that District Mandibahudin always flooded on both sides by Jehlum and Chenab rivers. An interpretation of findings explicitly revealed that the 50-year return cycle flood at Trimmu (5299 m 3 s-1) would inundate 500 percent more area than the natural surge. Urban areas are also vulnerable to flooding such as Mandibahudin, which were also evident in the July / August 2014 flooding.

Investable Real Estate Allocations in a Mixed Asset Portfolio; Both Long Term and During Different Cycles

The NCREIF Property Index (NPI) data starts in 1978 and has been used as a benchmark index for over 45 years. In 2006 NCREIF created the NCREIF Open-End Diversified Core Equity Index (ODCE) and used historic fund level data to create performance data back to 1978. ODCE was the first “investable index ” in direct real estate for institutional investors, family offices, and high net worth investors who can meet these direct funds’ minimum investment levels (typically $5 million). Individual investors with less money can also access ODCE returns through Interval Funds or “Fund-of-Funds” that invest in and are designed to track or beat the ODCE Index. Since 2009 general partners of funds are required to update their net asset value (NAV) to “fair market value” on a quarterly basis as a result of Topic 820 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Both ODCE funds and interval funds have improved their liquidity with either monthly or quarterly redemption options, making them more competitive (from a liquidity aspect) with publicly traded securities. We analyze portfolio allocations over 45 years – the longest time frame ever studied and over 6 NEBR economic cycles and 4 ODCE real estate return cycles using Markowitz efficient frontier analysis. We inspect up-cycle and down-cycle periods separately and add to the literature by analyzing the ¼, ½, and ¾ points (low, medium, and high risk/return points) along the Markowitz efficient frontier. Our findings support many of the 45 studies published, but conflict with some depending upon their study methodology and time frame (9 to 25 years) studied. We conclude that real estate would have improved historic risk adjusted returns in many cycle periods.

Merchant Energy Storage Investment Analysis Considering Multi-Energy Integration

In this paper, a two-stage model of an integrated energy demand response is proposed, and the quantitative relationship between the two main concerns of investors, i.e., investment return and investment cycle and demand response, is verified by the experimental data. Energy storage technology is a key means through which to deal with the instability of modern energy sources. One of the key development paths in the electricity market is the development by energy merchants of energy storage power plants in the distribution network to engage in a grid demand response. This research proposes a two-stage energy storage configuration approach for a cold-heat-power multi-energy complementary multi-microgrid system. Considering the future bulk connections of distributed power generation, the two most critical points of energy storage station construction are the power generation equipment and specific scenarios for serving the community, as well as the purchase and sale price of electricity for serving the community microgrid (which directly affects the investment revenue). Therefore, this paper focuses on analyzing the different impacts caused by these two issues; namely, the two most important concerns for the construction of energy storage configurations. First, the basic model enabling wholesale electricity traders to construct energy storage power plants is presented. Second, for a multi-microgrid system with a complementary cold-heat-power multi-energy scenario, a two-stage optimum allocation model is constructed, whereby the upper model calculates the energy storage allocation problem and the lower model calculates the optimal dispatch problem. The lower model’s dispatch computation validates the upper configuration model’s reasonableness. Finally, the two-layer model is converted to a single-layer model by the KKT condition, and the nonlinear problem is converted to a linear problem with the big-M method. The validity is proved via mathematical examples, and it is demonstrated that the planned energy storage plants by merchants may accomplish resource savings and mutual advantages for both users and wholesale power traders.

The contribution of the thoracic spinal multi-segment during different forward-bending approaches for ergonomic postural evaluation of healthy males

It is crucial to comprehend the true spinal kinematics when performing daily tasks because doing so can improve one&apos;s quality of life. Few research have focused on the thoracic spine&apos;s multi-segmental contribution, despite several attempts to examine the kinematics of the region during daily activities. The thoracic region has been studied as a segment, which reduces the reliability of actual multi-segment contributions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of the thoracic spinal multi-segment during different forward-bending approaches for ergonomic postural evaluation in healthy males. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for all tasks studied was greater than 0.993 (0.989-1.000), indicating excellent reliability. When comparing tasks with and without a global segment, statistically significant differences were found (P-value = 0.05). The thoracic spine&apos;s peak mobility occurs during the Begin cycle of forward-bending at the middle transition for all segments. T1-4 segments were delayed as a result of the implementation and maximization of hand extension at the knee. The difference in thoracic segmental contribution between approaches is significant in the Return cycle, particularly between 0 and 40% motion completion. At 50-70% of this cycle, each thoracic segment displayed a high extension increment, suggesting these phases play a crucial point in spinal stabilization as the changes in the center of gravity (CG) take place. The findings provide a clear explanation of asymptomatic adults&apos; healthy spinal condition and may be useful for ergonomic spinal treatment and rehabilitation.

Effect of Direct Slow Pathway Capture Mapping–Guided Ablation on Typical Atrioventricular Nodal Re-Entrant Tachycardia

BackgroundDirect slow pathway capture (DSPC) mapping is a novel electrophysiological technique for detecting antegrade slow pathway input sites. However, the effect of DSPC mapping–guided ablation on atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is unknown. ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DSPC mapping–guided ablation in typical AVNRT patients. MethodsA multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 301 consecutive typical AVNRT patients. The outcomes in patients who underwent DSPC mapping–guided ablation (DSPC group) and those who underwent conventional anatomical ablation (conventional group) were compared. The conventional group was established before introducing DSPC mapping–guided ablation. Positive DSPC sites were defined as sites with a return cycle atrioventricular prolongation of ≥20 ms with high-output (10-20 V) pacing during tachycardia or the last paced beat of the atrial extrastimulation. ResultsAmong 116 patients in the DSPC group, 102 (88%) had positive DSPC sites, and 86 (74%) had a successful ablation at that site. Of the remaining 30 patients, 27 had a successful anatomical ablation. The DSPC group had a significantly lower frequency of radiofrequency applications and shorter total application time than the conventional group (median: 5.5 [IQR: 3-11] times vs 9 [IQR: 5-15] times, and 168 [IQR: 108-266] seconds vs 244 [IQR: 158-391] seconds, respectively; P < 0.01). Moreover, the DSPC group had a numerically lower incidence of permanent pacemaker implantations and AVNRT recurrences than the conventional group (0% vs 1.6%; P = 0.17, and 1.7% vs 3.2%; P = 0.43, respectively). ConclusionsDSPC mapping–guided ablation was associated with a lower operative time, which can reduce the risk of AV conduction injury in typical AVNRT.

Near-wake of a yaw-oscillating circular cylinder at subcritical flow

In this experimental study, the near wake of a circular cylinder undergoing yaw oscillations is investigated. The yaw angle during oscillations varies from θ=0o (exposing cylinder directly to crossflow) to 30o at two different Reynolds numbers of 5×103 and 1.5×104. Planar Particle Image Velocimetry measurements are used to study the flow topology in the near-wake region of the yaw-oscillating cylinder for a range of oscillation frequencies, which when expressed non-dimensionally in terms of reduced frequencies (K) vary between K=0.25 to 4. For a cylinder undergoing yaw oscillation, the wake closure length and wake width vary with the phase angle of the oscillation cycle for a given oscillation frequency. At moderate reduced frequencies, the phase-averaged recirculation region is suppressed completely when the cylinder is closer to a certain yaw angle, which was found to be, a yaw angle of θ=15o or above in the return cycle (depending on the value of K). The yaw-oscillating cylinders generally show longer wake closure lengths in their return cycle compared to the equivalent yaw angles in the first half of their oscillation cycle. It is shown that although the wake closure length shows changes depending on the phase in the oscillation cycle for a given oscillation frequency, as the frequency of oscillation is elevated, the vortices generally shed nearer to the surface of the cylinder. Thereby, for moderate reduced frequencies of yaw oscillation, the extent of the yaw-averaged recirculation region downstream of the cylinder reduces considerably as the frequency increases, suggesting an increase in the base suction pressure, which may be speculated to result in a drag increase locally in the measurement plane (at the midspan of the cylinder) in comparison to the static counterpart. For the highest reduced frequency investigated (K=4), the phase-averaged recirculation region was observed to be suppressed completely during all phases of oscillation.

B-PO01-108 ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA ABLATION AT THE PULMONIC VALVE IN A PATIENT WITH CONGENITALLY CORRECTED TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT ARTERIES

Patients with congenitally-corrected transposition of great arteries (ccTGA) have anatomical differences with clinical ramifications for catheter ablation. To review the relevant anatomical structures in patients with ccTGA for atrial tachycardia (AT) ablation. N/A A 50 year old man with ccTGA with palpitations, refractory to medical management, presented for catheter ablation. Baseline ECG demonstrated AT with biphasic narrow P-waves in V1, suggestive of a para-Hisian origin. During electrophysiologic study, overdrive pacing at various cycle lengths yielded a fixed return cycle length favoring a micro-reentrant tachycardia. Right and left atrial mapping demonstrated early activation along the right atrial (RA) septum, 40 msec preceding the surface P-wave. Ablation at this site resulted in 2:1 exit block, with subsequent return of AT. Mapping of the mitral annulus and pulmonic outflow tract delineated the His-Purkinje system (Figure). Using intracardiac echocardiography, the pulmonic valve was visualized directly opposite to the earliest activation site in the RA (pulmonic and aortic valve locations are reversed in ccTGA). Mapping inside the pulmonic valve demonstrated a double-potential preceding the surface P-wave by 120 msec. Ablation resulted in immediate termination of AT, with no recurrence despite aggressive programmed stimulation, burst pacing, and isoproterenol infusion. We demonstrated the anatomic mapping and ablation of incessant AT in a patient with ccTGA. It is important to appreciate the anatomic relationship between the RA, pulmonic outflow tract, and conduction system to avoid inadvertent injury.

The Animal Health Trust (1942–2020)

The significance of cardiac arrhythmias and their possible association with upper airway obstruction are frequently considered in the clinical investigation of poor performance. The specific aims of this retrospective study of a group of poorly performing Standardbred and Norwegian–Swedish Coldblooded trotters were to: (1) describe the overall frequency and frequency distributions of arrhythmias; (2) describe arrhythmia characteristics including percent prematurity, relative recovery cycle lengths and QRS morphology; (3) describe variability of normal RR intervals; and (4) explore possible associations between upper airway abnormalities and arrhythmia categories during peak exercise and recovery.The records of 103 trotters presented to the Norwegian University of Life Sciences for high-speed treadmill testing were reviewed. The occurrence of at least one arrhythmic event was high (77–78%) when considering all exercise periods and 6–10% prematurity criteria. Triplets, salvos, and/or paroxysmal tachyarrhythmias occurred in 8% of horses during peak exercise. Complex ventricular arrhythmias occurred in 15% of horses in the first 2 min of recovery. Evaluation of QRS morphology and return cycle lengths demonstrated areas of overlap in characteristics typically attributed to either supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias. There was no association between airway diagnosis and arrhythmias during any exercise period. The maximum average HR during peak exercise was an excellent predicter for complex ventricular arrhythmias during recovery. Because perfect categorization of arrhythmias is not possible, future studies should report descriptive arrhythmia information. Prospective studies that evaluate various degrees of upper airway obstruction and the effect on known initiators of arrhythmogenesis are needed.

Planned oocyte cryopreservation—10–15-year follow-up: return rates and cycle outcomes

To evaluate the outcomes of planned oocyte cryopreservation patients most likely to have a final disposition. Retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent at least 1 cycle of planned oocyte cryopreservation between Jan 2005 and December2009. Large urban University-affiliated fertility center PATIENT(S): All patients who underwent ≥1 cycle of planned oocyte cryopreservation in the study period. None MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Primary outcome was the disposition of oocytes at 10-15 years. Secondary outcomes included thaw/warming types, laboratory outcomes, and live birth rates. Outcomes and variables treated per patient. A total of 231 patients with 280 cycles were included. The mean age at the first retrieval was 38.2 years (range 23-45). A total of 3,250 oocytes were retrieved, with an average of 10 metaphase II frozen/retrieval. To date, the oocytes of 88 patients (38.1%) have been thawed/warmed, 109 (47.2%) remain in storage, 27 (11.7%) have been discarded, and 7 (3.0%) have been transported elsewhere. The return rate (patients who thawed/warmed oocytes) was similar by Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology age group. The mean age of patients discarding oocytes was 47.4 years (range, 40-57). Of the 88 patients who thawed/warmed oocytes, the mean age at the time of thaw/warming was 43.9 years (range, 38-50) with a mean of 5.9 years frozen (range, 1-12). Nine patients (10.2%) thawed/warmed for secondary infertility. A total of 62.5% of patients created embryos with a partner, and 37.5% used donor sperm. On average, 14.3 oocytes were thawed/warmed per patient, with 74.2% survival (range, 0%-100%) and a mean fertilization rate of 68.8% of surviving oocytes. Of 88 patients, 39 (44.3%) planned a fresh embryo transfer (ET); 36 of 39 patients had at least 1 embryo for fresh ET, and 11 had a total of 14 infants. Forty-nine of 88 patients (55.7%) planned for preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy, with a mean of 4.2 embryos biopsied (range, 0-14) and a euploidy rate of 28.9%. Of the 49 patients, 17 (34.7%) had all aneuploidy or no embryos biopsied. Twenty-four patients underwent a total of 36 single euploid ET with 18 live births from 16 patients. Notably, 8 PGT-A patients had a euploid embryo but no ET, affecting the future cumulative pregnancy rate. Overall, 80 patients with thaw/warming embryos had a final outcome. Of these, 20 had nothing for ET (arrested/aneuploid), and of the 60 who had ≥1 ET, 27 had a total of 32 infants, with a live birth rate of 33.8% (27/80). We report the final outcomes of patients most likely to have returned, which is useful for patient counseling: a utilization rate of 38.1% and a no-use rate of 58.9%, similar across age groups. Further studies with larger cohorts as well as epidemiologic comparisons to patients currently cryopreserving are needed.

Antegrade slow pathway mapping of typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia based on direct slow pathway capture.

BackgroundRadiofrequency (RF) ablation of typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (tAVNRT) is performed without revealing out the location of antegrade slow pathway (ASp). In this study, we studied a new electrophysiological method of identifying the site of ASp.MethodsThis study included 19 patients. Repeated series of very high‐output single extrastimulations (VhoSESts) were delivered at the anatomical slow pathway region during tAVNRT. Tachycardia cycle length (TCL), coupling interval (CI), and return cycle (RC) were measured and the prematurity of VhoSESts [ΔPM (= TCL – CI)] and the prolongation of RCs [ΔPL (= RC – TCL)] were calculated. Pacing sites were classified into two categories: (i) ASp capture sites [DSPC(+) sites], where two different RCs were shown, and ASp non‐capture sites [DSPC(‐) sites], where only one RC was shown. RF ablation was performed at DSPC(+) sites and/or sites with catheter‐induced mechanical trauma (CIMT) to ASp.ResultsDSPC(+) sites were shown in 13 patients (68%). RF ablation was successful in all patients without any degree of atrioventricular block nor recurrence. Total number of RF applications was 1.8 ± 1.1. Minimal distance between successful ablation sites and DSPC(+)/CIMT sites and His bundle (HB) electrogram recording sites was 1.9 ± 0.8 mm and 19.8 ± 6.1 mm, respectively. ΔPL of more than 92.5 ms, ΔPL/TCL of more than 0.286, and ΔPL/ΔPM of more than 1.565 could identify ASp with sensitivity of 100%, 91.1%, and 88.9% and specificity of 92.9%, 97.0%, and 97.6%, respectively.ConclusionsSites with ASp capture and CIMT were close to successful ablation sites and could be useful indicators of tAVNRT ablation.

Cardiac arrhythmias in poorly performing Standardbred and Norwegian–Swedish Coldblooded trotters undergoing high-speed treadmill testing

The significance of cardiac arrhythmias and their possible association with upper airway obstruction are frequently considered in the clinical investigation of poor performance. The specific aims of this retrospective study of a group of poorly performing Standardbred and Norwegian–Swedish Coldblooded trotters were to: (1) describe the overall frequency and frequency distributions of arrhythmias; (2) describe arrhythmia characteristics including percent prematurity, relative recovery cycle lengths and QRS morphology; (3) describe variability of normal RR intervals; and (4) explore possible associations between upper airway abnormalities and arrhythmia categories during peak exercise and recovery.The records of 103 trotters presented to the Norwegian University of Life Sciences for high-speed treadmill testing were reviewed. The occurrence of at least one arrhythmic event was high (77–78%) when considering all exercise periods and 6–10% prematurity criteria. Triplets, salvos, and/or paroxysmal tachyarrhythmias occurred in 8% of horses during peak exercise. Complex ventricular arrhythmias occurred in 15% of horses in the first 2 min of recovery. Evaluation of QRS morphology and return cycle lengths demonstrated areas of overlap in characteristics typically attributed to either supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias. There was no association between airway diagnosis and arrhythmias during any exercise period. The maximum average HR during peak exercise was an excellent predicter for complex ventricular arrhythmias during recovery. Because perfect categorization of arrhythmias is not possible, future studies should report descriptive arrhythmia information. Prospective studies that evaluate various degrees of upper airway obstruction and the effect on known initiators of arrhythmogenesis are needed.

MAPping with fragmentation analysis in patients with atypical atrial FLUtter using the RHYthmia navigation system (MAP-FLURHY study)

Abstract Background Atypical atrial flutter (AAFL) circuits use areas of slow conduction which can be visualized as fragmented electrograms (fEGMs). Purpose To test an ablation strategy based on the identification and ablation of spots with fEGMs in AAFL. Methods The MAP-FLURHY study prospectively included all AAFL ablations with Rhythmia in our Center from June 2016 to June 2019. Patients with non-mappable AAFL, frequent conversion to atrial fibrillation, or cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent flutters were excluded from analysis. The IntellaMap ORION catheter was used to detect fragmentation areas, arbitrarily defined as fEGMs &amp;gt;70ms. Entrainment was used to check if these areas belonged to the AAFL circuit. Ablation targeted the longest fEGM within the circuit (return cycle &amp;lt;30ms): focal ablation for microreentries, and lines including the fEGMs for macroreentries. Ablation success was defined as conversion to sinus rhythm or another flutter. Procedural success was defined as successful ablation of all inducible flutters. Follow-up included visits with 24h Holter ECG at 3–6-12 months. Results 50 Patients received ablation (Figure). 27 Patients (70.6±13.1 years; 10 females; LVEF 57%±13%) with 44 mappable AAFLs were included in the analysis (Table). All AAFLs showed areas with fEGMs (106 areas; 2.4 areas per flutter). 42/44 AAFLs had fEGMs within the circuit, which were target of ablation. Ablation success: 34/36 AAFLs (94%); success could not be assessed in 6 circuits, due to mechanical conversion to sinus rhythm onto the target fEGM. Fragmented areas within the AAFL circuits (n=51) were longer (110±30 vs 90±15 ms, p&amp;lt;0.001) but had similar voltage (0.34±0.25 vs 0.36±0.26 mV) than areas outside the circuits (n=45). A fEGM duration &amp;gt;100ms/&amp;gt;40% of the cycle length predicted to be a successful site for ablation with 72.3%/73.8% specificity. Procedural success was achieved in 24/27 patients (89%). Excluding a 2-month blanking period, mean survival free from atrial arrhythmias was 19 (95% CI: 12.6–25.5) months. 57% of the patients were free from atrial arrhythmias at 1 year. Conclusions Most AAFLs had detectable fEGMs which could be target of ablation with high efficacy. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Small-Cap Allocations: Timing the Entry

This article examines the behavior of the small-capitalization stock return cycle. The authors compare the period 1980–2020 with a study for the period 1960–1995. They find that in the earlier period small-cap stocks earned a return premium when the economy was rising, long-term rates were rising, the US dollar was rising, and market volatility was falling. During the last decade, a strong move in large-cap stocks dwarfed the small-cap premium. The authors conjecture that a change in the character of economic growth, rising long-term rates, and oversold small-cap conditions may reverse this. TOPICS:Portfolio theory, portfolio construction, wealth management Key Findings • The small-cap premium appears to have waned in the last 20 years. • The premium is, however, still related to economic cycles. • Economic conditions and valuations now favor a small-stock premium.

A New Method of De-Aliasing Large-Scale High-Frequency Barotropic Signals in the Mediterranean Sea

With the development of satellite observation technology, higher resolution and shorter return cycle have also placed higher demands on satellite data processing. The non-tide high-frequency barotropic oscillation in the marginal sea produces large aliasing errors in satellite altimeter observations. In previous studies, the satellite altimeter aliasing correction generally relied on a few bottom pressure data or the model data. Here, we employed the high-frequency tide gauge data to extract the altimeter non-tide aliasing correction in the west Mediterranean Sea. The spatial average method and EOF analysis method were adopted to track the high-frequency oscillation signals from 15 tide gauge records (TGs), and then were used to correct the aliasing errors in the Jason-1 and Envisat observations. The results showed that the EOF analysis method is better than the spatial average method in the altimeter data correction. After EOF correction, 90% of correlation (COR) between TG and sea level of Jason-1 has increased ~5%, and ~3% increase for the Envisat sea level; for the spatial average correction method, only ~70% of Jason-1 and Envisat data at the TGs location has about 2% increase in correlation. The EOF correction reduced the average percentage of error variance (PEL) by ~30%, while the spatial average correction increased the average percentage of PEL by ~20%. After correction by the EOF method, the altimeter observations are more consistent with the distribution of strong currents and eddies in the west Mediterranean Sea. The results prove that the proposed EOF method is more effective and accurate for the non-tide aliasing correction.

The Investment Model of Aviation Industry VCGF Based on AHP Analysis of Computer Simulation

Venture capital guidance funds (VCGF) are a new way for the government to provide support to specific industries, especially for projects with funds far larger than the government’s financial support capacity. The airline industry has a large capital footprint and a long return cycle. It will not be able to do so if it relies solely on government financing to invest. At present, the audit work of state-owned assets supervision and administration commission (sasac) and the ministry of finance on public-private cooperation projects is gradually strengthened, and VCGF has become an important development direction and realization way of the government’s financial investment. Through the analytic hierarchy process, this paper constructs the investment model with computer simulation technology, makes a comprehensive analysis of the VCGF entering the aviation industry, and puts forward some strategic Suggestions.