Retrovesical Cyst Research Articles

Retrovesical cysts in boys—case series and literature review

BackgroundRetrovesical cysts present with varying etiologies. We initiated this study to provide insights into retrovesical cysts in boys through a case series and systematic literature review and to aid in treatment alternatives.Materials and methodsCase series of seven patients from the in-hospital register with a systematic literature review on retrovesical cysts in children.ResultsWe identified seven patients from the in-hospital register during 2005–2020 and eighty-two patients from the literature review. The literature review showed that children’s retrovesical cysts are mainly asymptomatic before puberty. Those detected earlier in childhood present mostly with renal abnormalities. In our series, retrovesical cysts derived from three distinct etiologies with different treatment modalities. Asymptomatic cysts do not need excision and are to be followed up through puberty, but in the case of an ectopic ureter, nephroureterectomy is optional. Symptomatic retrovesical cysts may demand surgical excision. Ultrasonography is usually sufficient for diagnosis, but MRI provides better anatomical delineation and aids in surgical planning.ConclusionsRetrovesical cysts in boys are benign conditions associated with abnormal development of the ureter and kidney. Ultrasonography is sufficient for diagnosis, with MRI giving further detail for surgical planning. Treatment consists of cyst excision, heminephrectomy/nephrectomy, transurethral canalization, or excision of prostatic utricle, depending on etiology. Asymptomatic cases are to be followed up through puberty, but in cases of an ectopic ureter, nephroureterectomy is preferred.

Robotic-assisted resection of a symptomatic Müllerian duct cyst

Cysts in the lesser pelvis are a rare disease and most often an incidental finding from routine diagnostic investigation. Published information is controversial. These cysts are distinguished by localisation, content of the cyst and accompanying anatomical anomalies. In this case, we report a 33 years old man who presented to our clinic due to a large retrovesical cyst. Because of lower abdominal pain and problems with defecation, the cyst was diagnosed by ultrasound. Further radiological diagnostic testing confirmed the presence of a retrovesical cyst of unknown malignancy, which was retrospectively evaluated as a Müllerian duct cyst. Due to symptoms and potential malignancy of the cyst, the decision was made to perform surgery. With the help of the operation robot, this benign cyst was safely and completely removed. In a follow-up, the patient presented free of symptoms and sonographically there was no sign of recurrence. Therefore robotic-assisted resection is a safe procedure to treat large symptomatic Müllerian duct cysts.

A Newborn with Retrovesical Cysts and an Ipsilateral Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney

We present a clinical imaging question focusing on a newborn with known prenatal history of a multicystic dysplastic kidney, and incidental ipsilateral retrovesical seminal vesical cysts, raising the diagnosis of Zinner syndrome. The diagnosis is challenging in this age group. Surgical management is generally proposed for symptomatic cases at an older age.

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging is a useful modality for prenatal diagnosis of obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly syndrome

The authors report the first case of prenatal fetal MRI diagnosis of unilateral hydrocolpos, uterus didelphys, and ipsilateral renal agenesis in a case of obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly (OHVIRA) syndrome. A 33-year-old woman was referred to the present institution because of a fetal pelvic cyst. Detailed ultrasound revealed a female fetus with a retrovesical cyst and right renal agenesis. Fetal MRI confirmed unilateral hydrocolpos, uterus didelphys, and normal intestinal tract of the fetus. Fetal MRI is a useful modality for prenatal diagnosis of OHVIRA as a method of evaluating the pelvic structures and excluding other cloacal anomalies.

Unusual Cystic Mass of Retrovesical Space: A Retrovesical Kidney

Retrovesical cysts are very rare, with more reported cases being hydatid or seminal cyst. To our knowledge, no case of pelvic kidney revealed as cystic mass of the retrovesical space has been reported. We provide images of a direct retrovesical kidney in a 24-year-old patient who presented with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Retrovesical hydatid cyst presenting with urinary retention and left kidney atrophy

Hydatid disease of the urinary tract is uncommon, accounting for only 2-3% of cases. There are very few reported cases in the literature of pelvic hydatid cysts causing obstructive uropathy and renal failure. We report a case of pelvic hydatid cyst in a patient presenting with urinary retention and secondary complete atrophy of one kidney. The patient was treated with surgical excision of this large retrovesical cyst, along with a simple left nephroureterectomy, with rapid improvement of symptoms. Hydatid disease should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of a cystic mass in any anatomic localization, especially in patients from endemic areas.

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Excision of Symptomatic Retrovesical Cysts in Boys and Young Adults

We review our surgical experience with the management of retrovesical cystic anomalies using robot-assisted laparoscopic techniques. We retrospectively reviewed the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of 6 patients 28 months to 22 years old with retrovesical cystic anomalies who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic excision at our hospital between January 2006 and November 2010. Presenting signs and symptoms included urinary retention, lower urinary tract symptoms, abdominal pain and repeated epididymitis. Associated anomalies consisted of hypospadias, vesicoureteral reflux, renal agenesis, 5alpha-reductase deficiency, premature adrenarche and cryptorchidism. Cystic anomalies ranged from 3 to 6 cm long. The final diagnoses were prostatic utricular cyst, müllerian duct cyst and seminal vesicle cyst. Ectopic insertion of vas into the cyst was found in 4 cases, requiring ligation of the affected vas in 3. Mean ± SD operative time including cystoscopy was 198 ± 23.8 minutes, and estimated blood loss ranged from 5 to 10 ml. Mean ± SD hospital stay was 1.33 ± 0.52 days. All patients had resumed their regular activities within 2 weeks postoperatively. De novo contralateral epididymitis developed 2 months postoperatively in 1 patient. Otherwise, there was no recurrence of cystic mass or presenting signs or symptoms during followup of 3 to 56 months. In the management of retrovesical cystic anomalies robot-assisted laparoscopic excision affords a natural extension of conventional laparoscopy with the additional advantages of 3-dimensional vision and ease of instrument control.

Cysts of the ejaculatory system: a report of two cases

We report two cases of rare cystic dilatations of the ejaculatory system. In case 1, a 6-month-old boy was referred to us for the management of recurrent epididymo-orchitis (E-O) complicating open drainage and a colostomy was performed elsewhere for a purulent rectal discharge thought to be rectal duplication. Diagnostic imaging showed a retrovesical cyst. Urethrocystoscopy showed a swelling of the verumontanum. No fistula was seen between the cyst and rectum on colonoscopy. At laparotomy, both ejaculatory ducts and seminal vesicles were found to be fused into a mass with cystic dilatation of the ejaculatory duct. Intraoperative histopathology of the cyst identified a metaplastic epithelial lesion. The cyst was excised with bilateral vasoligation. Since surgery, 8 years ago, urination and defecation have been normal. In case 2, a 4-month-old boy presented with fever and a swollen right scrotum. Ultrasonography showed a retrovesical cyst. Right grade IV vesicoureteral reflux diagnosed on voiding cystourethrography was treated by ureter reimplantation (Cohen) but complicated by recurrent E-O. Urethrocystoscopy with retrograde contrast via the utriculus showed that the cyst opened on the verumontanum, that both ejaculatory ducts opened into the cyst, and there was reflux into the right vas deferens. Right vasoligation alone was performed through a scrotal approach. Although the cyst was not excised, there has been no recurrence of E-O nor enlargement of the cyst for 6 years. Cysts of the ejaculatory system should be considered in the etiology of recurrent E-O in prepubertal children and a high index of awareness is recommended.

Endourologic Management of Seminal Vesicle Cyst

Cystic lesions in the region of the seminal vesicles, ejaculatory ducts, or prostate are rare and can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Open surgery is often necessary for definitive treatment. Recent refinements in transrectal ultrasound imaging and endoscopic instrumentation have expanded the roles of these modalities in the management of retrovesical cysts. We present a case in which a semirigid 6.9F ureteroscope was used to access and drain a seminal vesicle cyst transurethrally, thereby obviating open surgery.

Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate Presenting as a Retrovesical Cyst.

A 63-year-old man presented with acute urinary retention due to a retrovesical cystic tumor. Investigation revealed mucinous prostatic adenocarcinoma with metastatic involvement of testis and epididymis. He was treated with retrovesical tube drainage, bilateral orchiectomy and epididymectomy and cyproterone acetate.

Obstructive azoospermia or oligozoospermia due to Müllerian duct cyst

Deep pelvic midline (Müllerian duct) cysts may cause obstruction of the ejaculatory duct. Two previously fertile patients with adult-onset azoospermia and one patient with severe oligozoospermia were each found to have a Müllerian duct cyst. Semen characteristics included low volume and pH, and absent semen coagulation, odor, and fructose. Vasography showed a retroprostatic and/or retrovesical cyst that communicated with the ipsilateral ejaculatory duct, reflux from the cyst into the contralateral ejaculatory duct, and absent communication of the cyst with the urethra. Transurethral incision of the cyst was successful in one patient and unsuccessful in another. Pregnancy was established by the successfully treated patient. Müllerian duct cyst may cause obstructive azoospermia or oligozoospermia, which may be progressive in adult life, and which is compatible with previous fertility.

Retrovesical cysts in boys: S. K. Chatterjee, and S. K. Sarkar. J. Urol. 109:107–110 (January), 1973

Retrovesical cysts in boys: S. K. Chatterjee, and S. K. Sarkar. J. Urol. 109:107–110 (January), 1973

Retrovesical Cysts in Boys

Retrovesical Cysts in Boys

Cyst of the Seminal Vesicle

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Aug 1949Cyst of the Seminal Vesicle B. Lyman Stewart, and Gordon A. Nicoll B. Lyman StewartB. Lyman Stewart More articles by this author , and Gordon A. NicollGordon A. Nicoll More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)68906-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1949 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByElder J and Mostwin J (2018) Cyst of the Ejaculatory Duct/Urogenital SinusJournal of Urology, VOL. 132, NO. 4, (768-771), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1984.Chatterjee S and Sarkar S (2018) Retrovesical Cysts in BoysJournal of Urology, VOL. 109, NO. 1, (107-110), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1973.Sharma T, Dorman P and Dorman H (2018) Bilateral Seminal Vesicular CystsJournal of Urology, VOL. 102, NO. 6, (741-744), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1969.Heetderks D and Delambre L (2018) Cyst of the Seminal VesicleJournal of Urology, VOL. 93, NO. 6, (725-728), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1965.Heller E and Whitesel J (2018) Seminal Vesicle CystsJournal of Urology, VOL. 90, NO. 3, (305-307), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1963.Hart J (2018) A Case of Cyst or Hydrops of the Seminal VesicleJournal of Urology, VOL. 86, NO. 1, (137-141), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1961.Farr J (2018) Ectopic Ureteral Opening into Seminal VesicleJournal of Urology, VOL. 83, NO. 2, (108-112), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1960.Roberts L, Coppridge W and Hughes J (2018) Tumors and Cysts of the Male Pelvis Which Interfere with UrinationJournal of Urology, VOL. 79, NO. 1, (159-164), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1958.Varney D and Ford M (2018) Ectopic Ureteral Remnant Persisting as Cystic Diverticulum of the Ejaculatory Duct:Case ReportJournal of Urology, VOL. 72, NO. 5, (802-807), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1954. Volume 62Issue 2August 1949Page: 189-195 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1949 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information B. Lyman Stewart More articles by this author Gordon A. Nicoll More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Müllerian Duct Cysts

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jun 1949Müllerian Duct Cysts1 Ralph R. Landes, and Charles L. Ransom Ralph R. LandesRalph R. Landes More articles by this author , and Charles L. RansomCharles L. Ransom More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)69187-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1949 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByDESAUTEL M, STOCK J and HANNA M (2018) MULLERIAN DUCT REMNANTS: SURGICAL MANAGEMENT AND FERTILITY ISSUESJournal of Urology, VOL. 162, NO. 3 Part 2, (1008-1013), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1999.Mayersak J (2018) Urogenital Sinus-Ejaculatory Duct Cyst: A Case Report with a Proposed Clinical Classification and Review of the LiteratureJournal of Urology, VOL. 142, NO. 5, (1330-1332), Online publication date: 1-Nov-1989.Van Poppel H, Vereecken R, De Geeter P and Verduyn H (2018) Hemospermia Owing to Utricular Cyst: Embryological Summary and Surgical ReviewJournal of Urology, VOL. 129, NO. 3, (608-609), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1983.Frakash A (2018) Multilocular Cystadenofibroma of Müllerian DuctJournal of Urology, VOL. 114, NO. 4, (653-654), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1975.Stuppler S, Naranjo C and Kandzari S (2018) A Müllerian Duct Remnant without Associated Stigmas of Intersex: Report of a CaseJournal of Urology, VOL. 110, NO. 1, (133-135), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1973.Chatterjee S and Sarkar S (2018) Retrovesical Cysts in BoysJournal of Urology, VOL. 109, NO. 1, (107-110), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1973.Lucey D, McAninch J and Bunts R (2018) Genital Cysts of the Male Pelvis: Case Report of Müllerian and Ejaculatory Duct Cysts in the Same PatientJournal of Urology, VOL. 109, NO. 3, (440-443), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1973.Myers G, Lynn H and Kelalis P (2018) Giant Cyst of the UtricleJournal of Urology, VOL. 101, NO. 3, (369-373), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1969.Szemes G and Rubin D (2018) Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Müllerian Duct CystJournal of Urology, VOL. 100, NO. 1, (40-43), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1968.Polse S and Edelbrock H (2018) Prostatic Utricular Enlargement as a Cause of Vesical Outlet Obstruction in ChildrenJournal of Urology, VOL. 100, NO. 3, (329-332), Online publication date: 1-Sep-1968.Robinson J and Jordan W (2018) Some Unusual Adult Male Urogenital Tumors With Dysontogenetic Features. Reports of Mesonephroma, Müllerian Carcinosarcoma, Transitional Cloacogenic Carcinoma and NephroblastomaJournal of Urology, VOL. 97, NO. 2, (357-366), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1967.Ceccarelli F and Beach P (2018) Multiple Urogenital Anomalies: Pronephric, Mesonephric and Metanephric Kidney Elements with Persistent Müllerian Duct in An Adult MaleJournal of Urology, VOL. 85, NO. 1, (31-41), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1961.Smyth B and Forsythe I (2018) Hypospadias and Associated Anomalies of the Genitourinary TractJournal of Urology, VOL. 82, NO. 1, (109-114), Online publication date: 1-Jul-1959.Roberts L, Coppridge W and Hughes J (2018) Tumors and Cysts of the Male Pelvis Which Interfere with UrinationJournal of Urology, VOL. 79, NO. 1, (159-164), Online publication date: 1-Jan-1958.Lloyd F and Bonnett D (2018) Müllerian Duct CystsJournal of Urology, VOL. 64, NO. 6, (777-782), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1950. Volume 61Issue 6June 1949Page: 1089-1093 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1949 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Ralph R. Landes More articles by this author Charles L. Ransom More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...

Large Hemorrhagic Cyst of the Prostate Gland

Excluding echinococcus cysts, large retroprostatic and retrovesical cysts of the male pelvis are rarely encountered. Of those that have been reported in the literature, none is clear as to the true derivation. It is for these reasons that this case may prove of interest. Review of the Literature Wesson in 1924 thoroughly reviewed the literature on cysts of the prostate and urethra. He collected 55 reported cases, to which he added 4 of his own. Since that time 11 more cases have been cited, making a total of 70 cases up to the year 1931 (Ryall, Keyes, Andre, Papin and Verliac, Altman, Mandel, Roberts, and Fritz, quoted by Altman). In none of these cases reported since 1924, and including Wesson9s four cases, were the cysts of any appreciable size nor were they located behind the prostate or bladder, with the exception of those of Roberts, Papin and Verliac, Altman, and Fritz. Roberts9 case proved to be a cyst within the prostate, originating from one of the glands. Papin and Verliac found a small midline multilocular retroprostatic cyst of a vegetating or papillary adenomatous nature which they believed was derived from the glands within the prostate. In contrast to these two cases, Altman and Fritz each described a unilocular cyst the size of a hazelnut encroaching upon the posterior aspect of the prostate in its midline, its muscular walls intermingling with those of the seminal vesicles.