Resuscitation Training Course Research Articles

Dependence of Successful Airway Management in Neonatal Simulation Manikins on the Type of Supraglottic Airway Device and Providers' Backgrounds.

Supraglottic airway devices such as laryngeal masks and i-gels are useful for airway management. The i-gel is a relatively new device that replaces the air-inflated cuff of the laryngeal mask with a gel-filled cuff. It remains unclear which device is more effective for neonatal resuscitation. We aimed to evaluate the dependence of successful airway management in neonatal simulators on the device type and providers' backgrounds. Ninety-one healthcare providers performed four attempts at airway management using a laryngeal mask and i-gel in two types of neonatal manikins. The dependence of successful insertions within 16.7 s (75th percentile of all successful insertions) on the device type and providers' specialty, years of healthcare service, and completion of the neonatal resuscitation training course was assessed. Successful insertion (p = 0.001) and insertion time (p = 0.003) were associated with using the i-gel vs. laryngeal mask. The providers' backgrounds were not associated with the outcome. Using the i-gel was associated with more successful airway management than laryngeal masks using neonatal manikins. Considering the limited effect of the provider's specialty and experience, using the i-gel as the first-choice device in neonatal resuscitation may be advantageous. Prospective studies are warranted to compare these devices in the clinical setting.

Multidisciplinary Obstetric Simulation Training: Experience at KK Women's and Children's Hospital (KKH), Singapore, a Tertiary Referral Centre.

Background Multidisciplinary simulation training in the management of acute obstetric emergencies has the potential to reduce both maternal and perinatal morbidity. It is a valuable tool that can be adapted for targeted audiences of different specialities at all experience levels from medical students to senior consultants. Methods In this study, pre- and post-course questionnaires of learners with varying levels of clinical experience from Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G), Anaesthesia, Neonatology, Emergency Medicine, midwifery, and nursing who undertook two simulation courses (namely the Combined Obstetrics Resuscitation Training course, CORE, and the CORE Lite), which comprised lectures and simulation drills with manikins and standardized patients, between 2015 and 2023 were compared. This also included a period when training was affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Results The results showed that both simulation courses increased confidence levels amongall learners in the management of obstetric emergencies. Pre-course, participants were most confident in the management of neonatal resuscitationand severe pre-eclampsia, followed by postpartum haemorrhage.They were least confident in the management of vaginal breech delivery, uterine inversion, and twin delivery. Post-course, participants were most confident in the management of neonatal resuscitation and shoulder dystocia, followed by postpartum haemorrhage. They were least confident in the management of uterine inversion and maternal sepsis, followed by vaginal breech delivery and twin delivery. Whilst we saw a huge improvement in confidence levels for all obstetric emergencies, the greatest improvement in confidence levels was noted in vaginal breech delivery,twin delivery,and uterine inversion. Conclusion The simulation courses were effective in improving the confidence in the management of obstetric emergencies. While it may be difficult to measure the improvement in clinical outcomes as a result of simulation courses alone, the increase in confidence levels of clinicians can be used as a surrogate in measuring their preparedness in facing these emergency scenarios.

Impact of a national initiative to provide civilian cardiopulmonary resuscitation training courses on the rates of bystander intervention by citizens and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

BackgroundThe impact of a national initiative to provide cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education to the public on the rates of citizen-initiated CPR and survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains uncertain. MethodsWe examined 358,025 cases of citizen-witnessed OHCA with presumed cardiac origin, recorded in the Japanese nationwide registry from 2005 to 2020. We assessed the relationship between the number of individuals certified in CPR courses, citizen interventions, and neurologically favorable survival at one month. ResultsThe cumulative number of certified citizens has linearly increased from 9,930,327 in 2005 to 34,938,322 in 2020 (incidence rate ratio for annual number = 1.03, p < 0.001), encompassing 32.3% of the Japanese population aged 15 and above. Similarly, the prevalence of citizen-initiated CPR has consistently increased from 40.6% in 2005 to 56.8% in 2020 (P for trend < 0.001). Greater citizen CPR engagement was significantly associated with better outcome in initial shockable rhythm patients [chest compression only: odds ratio (OR) 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.51; P = 0.029; chest compression with rescue breathing: OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.08–1.62; P = 0.006; defibrillation with chest compression: OR 2.27; 95% CI 1.83–2.83; P < 0.001; defibrillation with chest compression and rescue breathing: OR 2.15; 95% CI 1.70–2.73; P < 0.001 vs. no citizen CPR]. ConclusionsThe incidence of citizen-initiated CPR across Japan has consistently and proportionately increased with the rising number of individuals certified in CPR courses. Greater citizen CPR involvement has been linked to neurologically favorable survival, particularly in cases with an initial shockable rhythm.

The initiative for medical equity and global health (IMEGH) resuscitation training program: A model for resuscitation training courses in Africa

In high-income countries, outcomes following in hospital cardiac arrest have improved over the last two decades due to the introduction of rapid response teams, cardiac arrest teams, and advanced resuscitation training. However, in low-income countries, such as Rwanda, outcomes are still poor. This is due to multiple factors including lack of adequate resuscitation training, few trainers, and lack of equipment.To address this issue, the Initiative for Medical Equity and Global Health Equity (IMEGH), a training organization founded in 2018 by 5 local anesthesiologists has regularly taught resuscitation courses such as Basic Life Support, Advanced Cardiac Life Support, and Pediatric Advanced Life Support in hospitals throughout Rwanda. The aims of the organization include developing a sustainable model to offer context relevant resuscitation training courses, building a cadre of local instructors to teach on the courses, as well as engaging funding partners to help support the effort. From October 2018 until September 2022, 31 courses were run in 11 hospitals across Rwanda training 1,060 healthcare providers (mainly of non-physician anesthetists, nurses, midwives, and general practitioners). Ongoing challenges include lack of local protocols, inability to tracking resuscitation outcomes, and continued inaccessibility by many healthcare providers. Despite these challenges, the IMEGH program is an example of a successful context-relevant model and has potential to inform the design of resuscitation programs in other similar settings. This article describes the development of the IMEGH program, accomplishments as well as lessons learned, challenges, and next steps for expansion.

Competencies of junior medical doctors in managing seriously ill and injured children: time to rethink our current training approach?

The correct treatment of very ill and injured children is critical, yet little is known about the competencies of South African (SA) junior doctors in managing these children. This survey documents SA junior doctors' reported resuscitation training opportunities, experience, skills and knowledge. A total of 118 doctors (interns, medical officers and registrars) from paediatric departments affiliated with 7 medical schools, participated. Resuscitations were not rare events with 71% (84/118) reporting participation in >10 resuscitations during the preceding 2 years. Yet a third of doctors have not attended an accredited resuscitation training course within the last 2 years; 34% (12/35) medical officers and 29% (18/63) registrars, respectively, with 42% (49/118) of all participants never receiving any formal resuscitation training during employment. Feedback on performance is not standard practice with only 8% (10/118) reporting consistent debriefing after a resuscitation. Although 72% (85/118) reported their resuscitation knowledge as adequate, 56% (66/118) passed the knowledge test. This study recognized missed learning opportunities in junior doctors' training, assessment, debriefing and knowledge which may adversely affect the quality of care in managing paediatric emergencies. This has implications for departmental and post-graduate training programmes.

Comparison of conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) training course versus video-based simulation on nursing students of dow university of health sciences

Comparison of conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) training course versus video-based simulation on nursing students of dow university of health sciences

Effect of in-service training courses in neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the rate of successful resuscitation in nurses working in the neonatal department: A quasi-experimental study

The present study aims to determine the effect of in-service training courses in neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the rate of successful resuscitation in nurses working in the neonatal department. This quasi-experimental study was conducted among nurses employed in the neonatal department at the Sayad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan, Golestan province, Iran. The in-service training course for neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was conducted in two separate groups across consecutive days, following the latest Heart Association guidelines. Subsequently, an evaluation was conducted across four levels: knowledge, learning, behavior, and performance. After calculating the coefficients for each level, the resulting figures were compared with the successful rehabilitation index. A total of 30 nurses were participants in the research. In the initial level, nurses' satisfaction with the course conditions significantly increased from 56.26 to 93.76 out of 100 points post-intervention (P&lt;0.01) as per the paired t-test. Moving to the second level, there was a substantial improvement in learning scores, rising from 13.12 (SD=2.82) before the intervention to 16.32 (SD=2.21) after (P&lt;0.01). At the third level, behavior scores increased from 32.19 to 47.80 after accounting for a factor of 3, showing significant improvement (P&lt;0.01). For the fourth level, the successful resuscitation rate increased from 50% to a calculated score of 200.2 after applying a coefficient of 4 (P&lt;0.01). Combining these levels and considering coefficients, the overall effectiveness of the course was calculated at 69.86%. In sum, the study revealed suboptimal effectiveness in the newborn cardiopulmonary resuscitation training course. Consequently, nursing education system managers and practitioners should delve into the impediments and factors influencing this course.

Instructor Development Workshops for Advanced Life Support Training Courses Held in a Fully Virtual Space: Observational Study.

BackgroundVarious face-to-face training opportunities have been lost due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Instructor development workshops for advanced resuscitation (ie, advanced life support) training courses are no exception. Virtual reality (VR) is an attractive strategy for remote training. However, to our knowledge, there are no reports of resuscitation instructor training programs being held in a virtual space.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the learning effects of an instructor development workshop that was conducted in a virtual space.MethodsIn this observational study, we created a virtual workshop space by using NEUTRANS (Synamon Inc)—a commercial VR collaboration service. The instructor development workshop for the advanced life support training course was held in a virtual space (ie, termed the VR course) as a certified workshop by the Japanese Association of Acute Medicine. We asked 13 instructor candidates (students) who participated in the VR course to provide a workshop report (VR group). Reports from a previously held face-to-face workshop (ie, the face-to-face course and group) were likewise prepared for comparison. A total of 5 certified instructor trainers viewed and scored the reports on a 5-point Likert scale.ResultsAll students completed the VR course without any problems and received certificates of completion. The scores for the VR group and the face-to-face group did not differ at the level of statistical significance (median 3.8, IQR 3.8-4.0 and median 4.2, IQR 3.9-4.2, respectively; P=.41).ConclusionsWe successfully conducted an instructor development workshop in a virtual space. The degree of learning in the virtual workshop was the same as that in the face-to-face workshop.

Evaluating Knowledge Level of the Medical Students about Children Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Aliebne University of Medical Science

Introduction: Awareness of pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is obligatory for every graduated medical student. In fact, only correct and effective Cardiopulmonary resuscitation can increase the survival rate of patients with cardiopulmonary arrest and since CPR techniques and maneuvers should be done in a specific way for children, it is important to evaluate the knowledge of pediatric resuscitation.&#x0D; Methods: In a cross-sectional study, multiple-choice questions were designed about basic and advanced pediatric cardiopulmonary resusitation (under 8 years) and 100 medical students enrolled in undergraduate training. Results were analyzed using the software SPSS 15.&#x0D; Results: The interns' advanced awareness was significantly less than the basic knowledge (P-Value &lt; 0.001). The awareness of students who studied in CPR was higher than students who did not (P-Value &lt; 0.027). Moreover, students who participated in the rehabilitation of children were more aware (P-Value &lt; 0.002) and interns who attended the Heart Ward had a higher level of awareness (P-Value &lt; 0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: In general, results obtained from the interns' awareness in the present showed the importance of pediatric resuscitation training courses and participation in resuscitation operations. So, this training course should be considered as a training strategy course in the internship program.

Knowledge of non-healthcare individuals towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a cross-sectional study in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia

BackgroundMost sudden cardiac arrests occur at home, with low rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation being performed. We aimed to assess knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among individuals in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia, who are not involved in health care.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between January and February 2020 in 4 different areas in Riyadh City: North, South, East, and West. The participants were surveyed using a validated self-administered questionnaire. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0 was used for inferential statistics and binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 856 participants completed the questionnaire, 51.8% were unaware of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Only 4.4% of the participants had attended a formal cardiopulmonary resuscitation training course, 5.1% were campaign attendees, and 38.7% acquired their experience through the media. Having a higher level of education was positively associated with having knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The main concern among attendees of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training courses and campaigns was legal issues, whereas inadequate knowledge was the major barrier for those who had learned about cardiopulmonary resuscitation through the media.ConclusionThe level of knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among non-health care individuals in Riyadh City was found to be insufficient. Therefore, coordinated efforts among different authorities should be considered to implement a structured strategy aiming to increase awareness and knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among non-health care individuals.

Development of self-skill training and e-learning system for neonatal resuscitation

Purpose of the study: The Japanese Society of Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine established the Neonatal Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (NCPR) training course for perinatal medical staff in 2007. Since it is difficult to maintain and improve resuscitation skills and knowledge, we considered using a self-training system to learn in low-dose and high-frequency. We have developed a self-training system to keep their skills and knowledge of neonatal resuscitation.

Video Laryngoscopy Improves the Success of Neonatal Tracheal Intubation for Novices but Not for Experienced Medical Staff.

Background: There is limited evidence on the use of video laryngoscopy (VL) in neonatal tracheal intubation (NTI) during neonatal resuscitation. In this study, we aimed to compare the difference between direct laryngoscopy (DL) and VL in NTI of trainees during neonatal resuscitation training.Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted during a neonatal resuscitation training course to examine three circumstances: NTI by experienced medical staff (EMS) and less-experienced medical staff (LEMS) in a neonatal resuscitation scenario; NTI by EMS and LEMS with an ongoing chest compression; and NTI by midwives who were novices in the procedure. The trainees were given scenarios or were shown demonstrations on newborn simulation manikins and were required to perform an NTI on a simulation manikin using DL and/or VL. The mean intubation time and success rate of intubation were measured.Results: The mean NTI time for EMS using VL (24.1 ± 7.2 s) was significantly longer than that using DL intubation (18.1 ± 6.9 s, P < 0.001), whereas there was no significant difference between using VL and DL for LEMS. EMS spent slightly less time on NTI than did LEMS using both VL and DL, but there were no statistically significant differences (both p > 0.05). The NTI success rate for EMS using VL (48.0%, 12/25) was significantly lower than that using DL (88.0%, 22/25, P = 0.004), while the NTI success rate for LEMS using VL (68.2%, 15/22 vs. 40.9%, 9/22) was higher than that using DL, but there was no statistical significance. When NTI was required with ongoing chest compressions, there was no significant difference in the mean NTI time and success rate between using VL and DL for EMS or LEMS. In the group of midwives who were novices in NTI, after they watched a demonstration teaching NTI, the intubation time using VL (19.6 ± 9.0 s) was significantly shorter than that using DL (28.0 ± 6.7 s, P < 0.001). The success rate of NTI using VL was significantly higher (96.2%; 25/26) than that using DL (69.2%; 18/26).Conclusion: The video laryngoscopy could be an effective training tool for inexperienced staff in developing the skill of tracheal intubation.

A survey of emergency medical services personnel who attended the neonatal cardio-pulmonary resuscitation training course

A survey of emergency medical services personnel who attended the neonatal cardio-pulmonary resuscitation training course

Effect of introducing a feedback device during adult and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: A ‘before and after’ study

Objective: This study aimed to verify the effect of introducing a feedback device during adult and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. Methods: A feedback device was introduced in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation training course of our medical school in the middle of the last semester. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation training course consisted of 2 h of instructor-led cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and 1 h of self-practice time. All students should complete the adult and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation skill tests just after the course. Each test consisted of five cycles of single-rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A feedback device was introduced only in the self-practice session. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation parameters of the skill tests before ( n = 40) and after ( n = 39) introducing the feedback device were analysed. Results: The ratios of correct rate significantly increased after introducing the feedback device in both the skill tests (adult test: 58.5 ± 37.2 vs 85.5 ± 21.4, p = 0.001; infant test: 55.0 ± 32.4 vs 80.2 ± 20.7, p = 0.001). Although the average depths did not significantly differ between those before and after introducing the feedback device in the adult test (58.4 ± 4.0 mm vs 59.0 ± 3.7 mm, p = 0.341), it increased significantly after introducing the feedback device in the infant test (38.3 ± 4.3 mm vs 40.8 ± 1.1 mm, p = 0.001). Conclusion: Introducing a feedback device might have enhanced the accuracies of compression rate in adult and infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. However, the potential positive effect on chest compression depth was limited to infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation training.

Differences in talking-to-the-room behaviour between novice and expert teams during simulated paediatric resuscitation: a quasi-experimental study.

Team coordination represents an important factor for clinical performance. Research in this area suggests that not only behaviour frequencies but also patterns of team coordination constitute a central aspect of teamwork. However, little is known about potential differences in coordination patterns between novice teams (ie, teams of inexperienced members) and expert teams (ie, teams of experienced members). The current study addresses this gap by investigating the use of talking-to-the-room-an important implicit coordination behaviour-in novice teams versus expert teams. To illustrate differences in coordination behaviour between novice and expert teams. This will provide important knowledge for simulation-based training. The study was conducted in the context of two resuscitation training courses (introductory course and refresher course) for staff members at a children's hospital. Volunteers from both courses participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to 16 teams each consisting of one physician and two nurses. The study used a quasi-experimental design with two conditions (novice vs expert). Participants of the introductory course were assigned to the novice condition (eight teams), and participants of the refresher course were assigned to the expert condition (eight teams). All teams completed the same standardised paediatric resuscitation scenario. They were videotaped during the simulation, and team coordination behaviour was coded using Co-ACT. Lag-sequential analysis of 1902 distinct coordination acts revealed that novice teams and expert teams differed significantly in their coordination behaviour. Expert teams were characterised by patterns in which implicit coordination behaviour (ie, talking to the room) was followed by further implicit coordination behaviour and not followed by explicit coordination behaviour (ie, instructions), whereas the reverse was found for novice teams. The current study highlights role of coordination patterns for understanding teamwork in healthcare and provides important insights for team training.

Simulation-based learning combined with debriefing in neonatal resuscitation training

Objective To explore and analyze the effect of simulation-based learning combined with debriefing in neonatal resuscitation training. Methods A total of 114 clinical medical staffs attended the neonatal resuscitation training course hold by Department of Neonatology, Quzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from November 2014 to May 2015, and were randomly assigned to observation (n=60) and control group (n=84) by coin tossing. Staffs in the observation group adopted to training skills with simulation-based learning combined with debriefing,while those in the control group were educated with traditional method. The examinations on theoretical knowledge were taken before and after the training. Operational exam and self-confident questionnaire for all staffs on each procedure taught in the course were taken at last. Scores of the exams and self-confident questionnaire were compared between the two groups with t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results The mean score of theoretical test rose up significantly after the training in both observation and control group (25.19±2.62 vs 20.17±3.71, t=7.725, P<0.01; 25.44±2.64 vs 18.90±4.27, t=11.170, P<0.01), but no difference was found in this score after the training between the two groups (t=0.492, P=0.624). The practical operation examination score in the observation group was higher than that in the control (34.05±1.34 vs 31.32±4.10, t=4.183, P<0.01). All questionnaires sent to the staffs were retrieved (100%), and the total values after the training in the observation group were higher than in the control (mean rank: 92.81 vs 57.99; rank sum: 5 569 vs 4 872, Z=-4.96, P<0.01). Conclusions Simulation-based learning combined with debriefing is a much more effective teaching methods for neonatal resuscitation training, which might quickly improve the resuscitation skills of clinical staffs. Key words: Asphyxia neonatorum; Resuscitation; Education, professional, retraining; Programmed instruction as topic

Training of neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation instructors.

The Consensus on Science and Treatment Recommendations 2010 supported simulation-based training for education in resuscitation. This approach has been introduced into neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (NCPR) courses in Japan, but no method for teaching instructors has been established. We developed a course for training instructors of NCPR, with inclusion of an instruction practice program. The goal of the study was to evaluate the performance of instructors who completed the course. Based on problems in the conventional instructor training course (old course 1), we developed and implemented a new course. Persons who had completed an NCPR course took the new course after developing two resuscitation scenarios. The new course included lectures and instruction practice, in which participants provided instruction using these scenarios. Instruction by participants was evaluated, and knowledge, opinions and satisfaction were examined by questionnaire after the course. Activity of the participants as instructors for 6 months after certification was also evaluated. The performance of trained instructors was compared between the old and new courses. Of 143 participants in the new course, > 90% had confidence to teach NCPR, while only 50-60% of the 89 participants in the old course indicated that they could instruct on resuscitation procedures and practice (P < 0.001). All participants in the new course recognized the value of scenario practice and all were glad they had taken the course. For 6 months after certification, significantly more participants who had done the new course worked as instructors compared with those who had done the old course (60% vs 34%, P < 0.001). This is the first trial of a resuscitation training course using scenarios that participants developed themselves. A new course including instruction practice for training NCPR instructors was effective for improving instructor performance.

Neonatal Resuscitation at a privately owned tertiary hospital in Nigeria: Knowledge gap among Health workers and need for sustenance

Objective: Neonatal resuscitation has evolved over the last three decades from word of mouth teachings to organised methods. Resuscitation efforts are geared towards mitigating the adverse sequalae of perinatal asphyxia. To evaluate the cognitive knowledge of health workers primarily involved in care of newborn on neonatal resuscitation and document the effects neonatal resuscitation training course have on improving the knowledge of health workers.&#x0D; Method: Standardized pre-test and post-test as used by American Academy of Pediatrics and American Heart Association (AAP/AHA) were administered to the health workers who participated in the neonatal resuscitation training course. Nurses and doctors were from three key departments- Paediatrics, Anaesthesia and, Obstetrics and Gynaecology. The pass mark was set at a cut-off score of ≥ 70%. &#x0D; Results: Thirty health workers participated in the neonatal resuscitation course. 70% of them were nurses while 30% were doctors. 70% of the participants were from the department of paediatrics while participants from Anaesthesia and Obstetrics and Gynaecology accounted for 16.7% and 13.3% respectively. The mean pre-test and post-test scores among all participants were 40.65±18.05 and 68.00±16.36 respectively (p&lt; 0.001). Participants from paediatrics performed better than other specialties (p &lt;0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: There is an obvious knowledge gap among health workers directly involved in the care of the new born. Neonatal resuscitation training coursesand regular retraining can bridge this gap in knowledge.

Continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation training compared to single training by laypersons

Background. Compression-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(COCPR) has been broadly studied during the last few years and specially introduced into lay rescuers’ training. The aim of the study was to compare the quality of COCPR performed by laypersons (Group A) who attended a single cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training course, and those (Group B) who underwent regular CPR training every 6 months.Methods. Both groups completed the “Heartsaver CPR AED” course of the American Heart Association. After 30 minutes they were required to perform COCPR on a manikin with a skills reporter system.Results. Comparing the 76 once only trained laypersons to the 74 continuously trained lay rescuers, we found that average age (20 versus 40 years old), male gender (54% versus 93%), body mass index (BMI)(24.9 versus 27.3 kg/m2) and regular physical exercise (55% versus 36%) proved significant predictors, p<0.01, p<0.01, p<0.01 and p=0.04 respectively. Regarding COCPR-quality, the percentage of efficient chest compressions (43% versus 58%), average depth of compression (45 versus 50 mm) and percentage of error-free compressions (36% versus 50%) indicated a significant statistical difference, with p=0.01, p=0.01 and p<0.01 respectively. However, the average frequency of compressions per minute (121 versus 124), the percentage of correct hand positioning during chest compressions (87% versus 90%) and the average duty cycle (47% versus 45%) did not display a significant difference.Conclusion. The continuous CPR training group obtained better results regarding quality of chest compressions when compared with single CPR training.

G118 Essential ETAT: Feasibility of Short Duration Paediatric Resuscitation Training in a Resource-Limited Setting

AimsETAT and ETAT+ training courses provide comprehensive training in paediatric emergency care over 3.5–5 days and have been shown to improve outcome in resource-limited settings. However, the logistics, cost and...