Results Of Information Processing Research Articles

FEATURES OF WORKING CAPACITY PERFORMANCE OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN IN STUDYING THE “CHESS” SUBJECT

The article demonstrates the experimental research results' analysis which was organized and carried out in 2022 by the psychologists of the “Chess” Scientific Research Institute. The research is aimed at revealing the level of performance of the working capacity components for chess-studying schoolchildren. It is noteworthy that the sample of the research includes children with Special Educational Needs (SEN), who were one group of participants. The experimental research was carried out by applying the "Landolt rings" methodology included in the "Egoscope" psychological analysis and testing complex. The analysis of the results demonstrated the following:
 
 Students with Special Educational Needs, who showed low academic progress, as a result of the experiment demonstrated a high index of endurance, as well as students with high and medium academic progress.
 The indicators of the reliability of the average work precision and working capacity, as well as the average efficiency level, are also the same among students with high, medium and low academic progress.
 The results of information processing are medium for students with low and medium progress and high for students with high progress.

The significance of computer technologies in detecting plagiarism in scientific works

The article analyses problematic issues regarding the importance of using computer technologies in detecting plagiarism in scientific works. It was determined that the problem of plagiarism in science is not only a matter of legislation, but a manifestation of disdain for scientific ethics and moral standards by the scientists themselves. The issue of academic plagiarism must be solved comprehensively and with joint efforts, by applying effective mechanisms to prevent plagiarism.
 There is no single, complete, comprehensive and generally accepted definition of the category of plagiarism. The essence of plagiarism is the assignment of authorship to someone else’s original (literary, artistic, scientific) work or its part.
 The development of information technologies creates conditions for detecting illegal borrowing. Special computer programmes and online services check works for originality much faster. The essence and nature of computer technologies, their importance in detecting plagiarism in scientific works are studied. Positive and negative points in the application of computer anti-plagiarism technologies were identified, and an appropriate assessment was given to them.
 It is substantiated that plagiarism has a certain personification and specificity in various spheres and branches of human activity. The anti-plagiarism system almost does not take into account official parts of scientific works (cover letter, introduction, references to normative legal acts, conclusions, list of used sources) and evaluates them as plagiarism. The algorithm of the anti-plagiarism service must take into account constant stylistic turns and peculiarities of certain branches of science and technology. We believe that the results of new interpretations of scientific work should not be completely new. It is noted that checking with online services does not always reveal translations of texts or borrowings from editions not published online.
 Accordingly, the results of information processing with the help of specialized anti-plagiarism programmes and services cannot independently be circumstances that allow making reasonable conclusions about the presence or absence of plagiarism in a scientific work. Anti-plagiarism services and programs really help in detecting plagiarism as an additional tool for searching for possible matches of the text, followed by their analysis and processing by a specialist.
 But the situation with plagiarism still requires the use of plagiarism checking services (even with all their shortcomings). However, no matter how attractive and easy-to-use anti-plagiarism services are, it is necessary to do some work to improve information culture and respect for the copyrights of others.

Research on Automatic Vulnerability Mining Model Based on Knowledge Graph

In the information extraction, information sources can be screened according to the characteristics of the target network at the present stage, and the knowledge graph generated thereby can play a role in assisting the security analysis of the general network or power grid control network, mobile Internet and other special networks. In the method proposed in this paper, knowledge reasoning is mainly based on the attack conditions and attack methods to reason about the success rate and return of the attack. Through the obtained quality information, map construction information extraction and reasoning are performed to realize the correlation analysis of the information, and the information processing results are stored in the graphic structure. When analyzing the alerts generated by IDS, it is necessary to solve the multi-source alarm format generated by various devices produced by different suppliers. The attack diagram constructs the attack mode to guide the defense side to take targeted defense measures, and the attack success rate is used to judge the defense priority of all network nodes. After completing the construction of the graph, the attack graph is generated for the specific network environment under the guidance of the knowledge graph. In the process of attack graph generation, attack method and attack condition of attack instance can be used to guide the match of pre-condition and post-condition, so as to find the attack path. Attack success rate and attack profit attribute can be used to assist subsequent risk analysis. After simulation tests, the timeliness and availability of the system are verified, and this makes a contribution to the grid network management.

Information model of production system management

Improvement of production systems of the organization is carried out through the introduction of quality management systems, changes in the model of production organization, the use of modern approaches to improve product quality and customer satisfaction. Measurement, evaluation and analysis of the production system allows to set the direction of activity to improve production processes and to develop activities aimed at ensuring the effectiveness of the whole system. The production system is an open system, it is connected and exchanged with the external environment information, resources, etc. the production system is Called the operating system, which consists of three subsystems: processing subsystem, directly related to the technological processes of raw materials and semi-finished products conversion into finished products; support subsystem, which performs auxiliary functions necessary for the implementation of the main technological processes; planning and control subsystems that receive and process information from the internal and external environment of the organization. The task of building an automated information system is connected with the need to integrate with the subsystem of data collection and analysis, visual representation of information for decision-making at all levels. Building an information management system of the production system is impossible without a powerful infrastructure, without a single information system support and process control. The proposed information system will help to automate the processes of management of the organization, quickly form the strategic and tactical goals of the organization. Within a given period of time, data will be collected and analyzed from the internal and external environment, timely analysis of deviations of the values of indicators from the planned values. The results of information processing will be timely visualized both for each employee and the production system of the organization as a whole.

CREATIVE THINKING: REVIEWED FROM INFORMATION PROCESSING MODEL (IPM) FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

<em><span>Memory is a structured system and causes organisms to be able to record facts and use knowledge to guide their behavior. Memory is also said to be a tool that serves to capture, process and use it when needed. Memory takes place through three processes, namely encoding, storage, and retrieval. The brain works through the information process by processing information through sensory stimulation and storing it into memory and involving thinking activities. Increasing the potential for creative thinking, the incoming stimulus is determined by personal situational factors. The purpose of this literature study is to find out that creative thinking is the result of information processing that occurs in human memory. The results of this literature study show that situational factors that are external or attention getter and prominent characteristics such as visual movements, novelty, clarity (fluency), new and extraordinary stimuli attract attention so that they can influence positive perception that goes into short-term memory. Through thinking activities, one's ideas and concepts developed through the process of relationships between the parts of information stored in him. Thinking is done to understand reality in order to make decisions (decision making), problem-solving (problem-solving) and produce new ones (creativity).</span></em>

HyperCell: A Bio-inspired Design Framework for Real-time Interactive Architectures

HyperCell: A Bio-inspired Design Framework for Real-time Interactive Architectures

Two Levels Data Fusion Filtering Algorithms of Multimode Compound Seeker

The multimode compound guidance is an important guidance system which can assurance missile impact accuracy in the complicated electromagnetic environment. Aiming at the data fusion filtering problem of multimode compound seeker, this paper presents a two-stage data fusion algorithm. First of all, each sensor data is send into first-stage fusion structure for centralized fusion processing after time registration, and then the processing results are sent into second-stage fusion structure for distributed fusion processing with radar and infrared information processing results. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problems that the different observation information in distributed fusion structure has different dimensions, the observation data is extended to the same dimension. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the data fusion efficiency, and improve the efficiency of the filter convergence accuracy and convergence speed, which has a certain guiding significance to engineering practice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i11.2696

Information Theory and Market Behavior

Some recent empirical works indicate that investor performance and market patterns are primarily information driven instead of a behavioral phenomenon. However, Grossman and Stiglitz information theory and its variations offer little guidance in identifying informed investors and in distinguishing between securities with scarce information and those with widely available information. We show that most empirical evidences about market behaviors documented in the literature can be explained by a new information theory generalized from Shannon's entropy theory of information. Investor performance and market patterns are the results of information processing by investors of different sizes with different background knowledge.

Individual differences in cognitive arithmetic.

Unities in the processes involved in solving arithmetic problems of varying operations have been suggested by studies that have used both factor-analytic and information-processing methods. We designed the present study to investigate the convergence of mental processes assessed by paper-and-pencil measures defining the Numerical Facility factor and component processes for cognitive arithmetic identified by using chronometric techniques. A sample of 100 undergraduate students responded to 320 arithmetic problems in a true-false reaction-time (RT) verification paradigm and were administered a battery of ability measures spanning Numerical Facility, Perceptual Speed, and Spatial Relations factors. The 320 cognitive arithmetic problems comprised 80 problems of each of four types: simple addition, complex addition, simple multiplication, and complex multiplication. The information-processing results indicated that regression models that included a structural variable consistent with memory network retrieval of arithmetic facts were the best predictors of RT to each of the four types of arithmetic problems. The results also verified the effects of other elementary processes that are involved in the mental solving of arithmetic problems, including encoding of single digits and carrying to the next column for complex problems. The relation between process components and ability measures was examined by means of structural equation modeling. The final structural model revealed a strong direct relation between a factor subsuming efficiency of retrieval of arithmetic facts and of executing the carry operation and the traditional Numerical Facility factor. Furthermore, a moderate direct relation between a factor subsuming speed of encoding digits and decision and response times and the traditional Perceptual Speed factor was also found. No relation between structural variables representing cognitive arithmetic component processes and ability measures spanning the Spatial Relations factor was found. Results of the structural modeling support the conclusion that information retrieval from a network of arithmetic facts and execution of the carry operation are elementary component processes involved uniquely in the mental solving of arithmetic problems. Furthermore, individual differences in the speed of executing these two elementary component processes appear to underlie individual differences on ability measures that traditionally span the Numerical Facility factor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Individual differences in cognitive arithmetic.

Unities in the processes involved in solving arithmetic problems of varying operations have been suggested by studies that have used both factor-analytic and information-processing methods. We designed the present study to investigate the convergence of mental processes assessed by paper-and-pencil measures defining the Numerical Facility factor and component processes for cognitive arithmetic identified by using chronometric techniques. A sample of 100 undergraduate students responded to 320 arithmetic problems in a true-false reaction-time (RT) verification paradigm and were administered a battery of ability measures spanning Numerical Facility, Perceptual Speed, and Spatial Relations factors. The 320 cognitive arithmetic problems comprised 80 problems of each of four types: simple addition, complex addition, simple multiplication, and complex multiplication. The information-processing results indicated that regression models that included a structural variable consistent with memory network retrieval of arithmetic facts were the best predictors of RT to each of the four types of arithmetic problems. The results also verified the effects of other elementary processes that are involved in the mental solving of arithmetic problems, including encoding of single digits and carrying to the next column for complex problems. The relation between process components and ability measures was examined by means of structural equation modeling. The final structural model revealed a strong direct relation between a factor subsuming efficiency of retrieval of arithmetic facts and of executing the carry operation and the traditional Numerical Facility factor. Furthermore, a moderate direct relation between a factor subsuming speed of encoding digits and decision and response times and the traditional Perceptual Speed factor was also found. No relation between structural variables representing cognitive arithmetic component processes and ability measures spanning the Spatial Relations factor was found. Results of the structural modeling support the conclusion that information retrieval from a network of arithmetic facts and execution of the carry operation are elementary component processes involved uniquely in the mental solving of arithmetic problems. Furthermore, individual differences in the speed of executing these two elementary component processes appear to underlie individual differences on ability measures that traditionally span the Numerical Facility factor.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Social Psychological Models of Impression Formation among Consumers

Abstract Three different perspectives on the formation of product impressions among consumers were compared: the adding model of impression formation, the averaging model of impression formation, and attribution theory. These three models lead to mutually exclusive predictions regarding the results of information processing and impression formation among consumers. One hundred thirty-four subjects participated in three studies which compared the accuracy of predictions derived from the three perspectives. The Ss viewed advertisements, which varied in product information, for an inexpensive ballpoint pen and reported their impressions of the product. Results indicate that the attribution perspective generally provided the most accurate predictions, although both attribution principles and averaging principles might operate in some situations.

Language, Thought, and Information Processing

There is no doubt that some of the information-bearing states of the central nervous system are not a species of sentential attitude; that is, they are not describable in terms of the person's being in a certain functional state whose structure and elements are isomorphic to the structure and elements of sentences.1 Obviously, for example, the results of information processing in the retina cannot be described as the person's believing that p, or thinking that p, or thinking that he sees an x, or anything of that sort. At the other extreme, there is also no doubt that some intelligent creatures talk, and indeed, sometimes talk silently to themselves. Between the obviously non-linguistic information processing and the obviously linguistic behaviour, there appears to be much of a cognitive sort going on in the brain-mind in virtue of which the intelligent behaviour is intelligent. The nature and form of these intermediate processes are the source of profound perplexity and the cause of much speculation. As yet, the perplexity and speculation have not sired anything that could justly be called a theory of information processing in intelligent beings, though the search for information-processing models appears to be providing an impressive bounty of inspired guesses concerning at least some parts of what must be an awesome organization. In this paper I mean to focus on a very general and fundamental question concerning the character of information-processing models for humans; to what extent-how far down-can the processing be described in terms of operations amongst sentential attitudes such as beliefs, desires, thoughts, and so on? My answer is that we had best abandon the sentential attitude for all but rather superfi-