Results Of Data Interpretation Research Articles

Применение технологии объединения методов разведочных работ для достижения экологического эффекта на месторождениях Каспия

The method of performing exploration works allowing to obtain an environmental effect in the Caspian Sea fields is described in the article. The research area includes the Rakushechno-Latitudinal and Khvalynsko-Sarmatian zones. Deposits of these zones differ in a complex geological structure. When creating a model of deposits a set of data is used: high-precision 3D seismic surveys on the study area and the results of drilling wells. Such detail of seismic exploration works allows to obtain high-quality results that are due to the high density of reflection points over the area and to the maximum use of various dynamic parameters of reflected waves. The results of such surveys are used in the calculation of reserves, justification of work on additional exploration and subsequent operation. Based on the results of seismic surveys a quantitative forecast of reservoir properties was carried out due to the inversion. For implementation seismic data was processed while preserving the true amplitudes of the seismic signal. Drilling wells were also the main source of information when performing work on calculating reserves. The complex structure and heterogeneity conditions of reservoir properties in area and section, the presence of discontinuous violations led to the use of the described technology, which involves the assessment of reserves and their transfer to the industrial category without testing in the column and causing inflow to the surface. This is done by means of a comprehensive accelerated diagnostics of productive formations for the assessment of reserves of the industrial category. Such a diagnosis provides for the study of productive formations based on the analysis and generalization of accumulated material on core, GIS, GDIS, GDK-OPK and PVT studies, without conducting tests in wells. With the help of these studies the filtration-capacitance properties of rocks, the nature of fluid saturation, contact positions, static levels, reservoir and bottom-hole pressures and reservoir temperatures, as well as deep sampling are determined. The use of modern instruments such as MDT (reservoir Tester) makes it possible to obtain reliable deep samples of the reservoir fluid. The results of data interpretation are successfully approved when making reports on UVS reserves calculation.

Implementasi Metode Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) dalam Pemilihan Zona Prioritas dan Alternatif Berbasis Data Klasifikasi Indeks Vegetasi

Vegetation index analysis using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) model needs to be processed using a decision support model to follow up on the Landsat 8/9 Operational Land Imaginer (OLI) satellite image data interpretation results. However, studies using the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method to determine priority zones based on vegetation index classification data are still limited. This study uses the SMART decision support model to process NDVI classification data in mangrove areas. The stages in this study consist of four parts: the data collection stage, the data processing stage; the data analysis stage; and the data interpretation stage. At the data collection stage, the raster data used was sourced from the United States Geology Survey (USGS) platform, namely Landsat 8/9 OLI with coordinate raster data (Lat 01o43'18" N, Lon: 128o04'15" E) in 2013, 2018, and 2023. In addition, video and aerial photographs at the study site were taken using drones (Phantom 4 Version 2). At the data processing stage, the model used in calculating raster data is NDVI using the QGIS 3.30.1 application. This research data analysis and interpretation stage uses the SMART decision support model. The SMART decision support model is used to produce recommendations for priority zones for mangrove ecotourism development based on the results of the NDVI classification (minimum value, average value, maximum value) adjusted to the Decree of the State Minister of Environment Number 201 of 2004 concerning standard criteria and guidelines for mangrove forest destruction (rare, medium, and dense). Based on the calculation of the utility value of criterion C1 as a cost with a weight of 0.50 in the NDVI classification data for 2023, the second observation station is recommended as a priority zone with a total value of 0.50. Meanwhile, the calculation of the utility value of criterion C3 as a cost with a weight of 0.50 in the NDVI classification data in 2023 recommended the third observation station as a priority zone with a total value of 0.88. This means that the SMART method can be used to identify and analyze priority and alternative zones for the sustainable development of mangrove ecotourism areas.

Accessibility of Archival Reference Services

Background of the study: Archival services are the final stage of records management, if they are based on an archive lifecycle approach. Accessibility aspects need to be studied in an effort to optimize archiving services so that archives can be widely used by the community. Purpose: This paper describes the process of archiving services and the accessibility aspects of archiving services carried out by Dinas Perpustakaan dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Sleman. Method: This research was a descriptive qualitative approach. Data was collected through observations, interviews, and literature studies. The data then has been analyzed in the following stages: observing the data, developing general sense, coding, compiling a narrative framework for presenting the results of data interpretation, and interpreting the data using data triangulation techniques. Findings: The accessibility aspect of archiving services at the Sleman Regency Library and Archives Service is viewed from four indicators, namely policies, facilities and infrastructure, service personnel, and archive user satisfaction. In policy indicators, the agency has been guided by legal products that are applied to technical archiving services, both at local and national levels. In terms of facilities and infrastructure indicators, in general, the department has met the minimum standard of availability and condition of archival service facilities and infrastructure. Conclusion: There are limitations in this study, namely the limitations of the analysis of each indicator which does not describe in depth so that archival services in the office are declared affordable. In addition, it is necessary to carry out a critical analysis of the results of the user satisfaction survey, namely through in-depth interview techniques to comprehensively understand the archive service process at the office.

Integrity monitoring of cast in-situ piles using thermal approach: A field case study

A review of the literature shows that pile integrity is a significant concern in pile construction; in particular, determining the location and nature of anomalies along the depth of the piles using thermal integrity testing data. This paper proposes a new anomaly detection approach which combines early-age temperature monitoring data and finite element back-analyses. A case study on a continuous flight auger (CFA) test pile with engineered inclusions was conducted using this new approach. Through 1D finite element analysis, a linear relationship between maximum temperature and effective pile radius is established. A crucial indicator – ‘the effective pile radius’ could be used to reconstruct as-built pile 3D shape and identify anomalous regions inside or outside the pile reinforcement cage. The data interpretation results of the field case study show that thermal integrity testing provides reliable information to identify anomalous regions within the pile. Compared to the conventional cross-hole sonic logging, thermal integrity testing used in combination with the new approach presented in this paper, can provide more reliable information in the pile integrity assessment process.

PENILAIAN TERHADAP KUALITAS RUANG PUBLIK PADA KAWASAN GEDUNG KESENIAN DR IR. SOEKARNO DI PERKOTAAN NEGARA, JEMBRANA

The availability of public space is a must for a city. Public space serves as a place for people to meet, gather and interact, whether for religious purposes, trade or building government. This study aims to assess the quality of public space in the area of ​​the Gedung Kesenian Dr. Ir. Soekarno, Jembrana Regency. This research uses the approach of Carr's (1992) public space theory about aspects of forming the quality of public space which consists of 3 aspects, namely aspects of needs, aspects of rights, and aspects of meaning. The quality value is set in four types, namely good, sufficient, less good, and not good. The range of values ​​as a benchmark for the quality of public space is calculated by multiplying the maximum number of values ​​for each item on the question item by the weight of each sub-factor. The results showed that based on the measurement of the quality of the public space, it was found that the quality of the public space in the Dr. Art Building area. Ir. Soekarno is in the good category. Aspect value of needs (needs) obtained is 71.07 meaning good category. For the rights aspect, it got a score of 40.87 in the good category. Meanwhile, for the meaning aspect, the public space of the Dr. Art Building area. Ir. Soekarno got a score of 15.88 with a fairly good category. Overall, based on the results of data interpretation and analysis, it was concluded that the Dr. Ir Soekarno Art Building Area can be said to be a good quality public space.

An Inquiry into the Managerial Competencies of Islamic Senior High School of Nurul Islam Principal at Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara

This study aimed at investigating the key management competencies of Islamic Senior High School Nurul Islam West Nusa Tenggara, how the managerial competence of Nurul Islam principal in term of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling also the teacher conception regarding to the issues. In doing so, the study applied qualitative design of case study model. The data gathered through semi-structured interview by involving the principal and one teacher. The zoom meeting platform was utilized to interview the targeted principals. The data were interpreted by applying inductive content analysis technique. Align with the result of data interpretation, having clear and measurable vision and mision, having good teaching and learning program, having criteria for efective learning environtment, involving four frame of leadership style, excuting good administration management process and control are the array of aspects that should be considered by a principle in conducting management in Islamic Senior High School of Nurul Islam.

Structural characteristics of transtensional fault system and its implication for hydrocarbon accumulation in S Block, South Asia area

Transtensional faults are well developed in the S Block of the South Asia area, which have an important impact on the hydrocarbon accumulation. However, the transtensional fault structure is very complex. Based on drilling and seismic data interpretation results, faults are divided into three typical types in the Lower Cretaceous, which can help to understand the complex fault system. The main faults are distributed in the NNW-SSE direction and parallel arrangement with dextral strike-slip shear characteristics, which determines the development of the tectonic belt. The secondary faults are often associated with the main faults, often composed of multiple branch faults. The complexity of the fault system is further aggravated by the small interlayer faults. Based on balanced crosssection technique analysis, the fault evolution has experienced five geological periods, which is closely related to the Indo-Pakistan plate tectonics and the Indus Basin evolution. In the diagonal extension stage of the Late Cretaceous, the fault activity was very strong, which had a significant impact on the tectonic pattern of "horst-graben structures and locally complex faulted blocks" in S Block. It is found that transtensional fault assemblage patterns are regular and diverse. It consists of six kinds of plane assemblage and seven kinds of profile assemblage patterns. Plane assemblage patterns include en echelon, broom, feather, comb, horsetail and diamond shape, while profile assemblage patterns consist of horst-graben faulted type, consequent faulted type, antithetic faulted type, "Y" and reverse "Y" type, "X" type and negative flower type. Different transtensional fault assemblage patterns form various kinds of hydrocarbon trap types, including faulted block, faulted nose, faulted anticline and composite traps. Fault activity and evolution promote the hydrocarbon generation, control the formation of tectonic zones and favorable traps and play an important control role in hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. Therefore, in this study the main exploration and evaluation targets are faulted reservoirs in the study area.

Geological Modeling Technology and Application Based on Seismic Interpretation Results under the Background of Artificial Intelligence

The development of seismic technology has made seismic data to be widely used in the interpretation of stratigraphic sequence frames, reservoir identification, fluid detection, and other research fields involved in reservoir description. The 3D technology reservoirs have always been the focus, as well as difficulty, of research. With the rapid development of information technology and the continuous improvement of seismic exploration level, people have put forward higher requirements for the accuracy of seismic data interpretation results. Aiming at the large number of structural and unstructured data in seismic, logging, geology, and other disciplines involved in seismic interpretation, how to effectively organize and coordinate analysis to discover the hidden reservoir structure and oil and gas distribution information has always been a geological and important topic for information processing technicians. This thesis is aimed at the current high-water-phase development of Shengtuo Oilfield reservoir and the problems existing in geological research. Based on seismic structural interpretation and attribute analysis, this paper analyzes the reservoir structural characteristics, sedimentary characteristics, and reservoir physical parameter characteristics based on geology, logging interpretation, core analysis, drilling, and seismic interpretation. Using the kriging method with external drift can cooperate with seismic variables to establish a reservoir geological model to study the Shengtuo Oilfield reservoir. We combine artificial intelligence technology with geological modeling technology of seismic interpretation results to explore the best method for predicting earthquakes. The research results in this paper show that the relative error of the model established by the kriging method in the article is relatively small for thinning wells, mainly concentrated around 1%. Examination of the thinning wells of 45 wells shows that the model established is basically good and the example has high accuracy. The research results in this paper have a guiding study of distribution and tapping potentials in the study area, formulating reasonable development and adjustment plans and improving oil recovery.

A priori estimations of geometric parameters of an anomalous object in modeling the soil structure using RES3DINV software

We discuss the problem of proper use of software packages that implement methods for solving ill-posed problems. Most of the problems of processing experimental data belong to ill-posed problems. When using methods for solving ill-posed problems, there is a problem of non-uniqueness of the solution, which is solved by introducing a priori information. Obtaining a priori information is possible in different ways, but quantitative estimates involve the use of additional methods for data analysis. Obviously, additional methods should not be more complicated and labor intensive than the main data processing method. Using the RES3DINV electrical prospecting data analysis software as an example, the role of a priori information for obtaining reliable results is demonstrated. The RES3DINV software is used to build a soil model from the measured values of resistivity using electrical survey’s methods. When using the inversion method implemented in the software package, it is necessary to set the input parameters describing the geometric dimensions of the anomalous resistance object, which are usually unknown a priori. By model objects we demonstrate how the incorrect setting of input parameters affects the result of data interpretation. We show that the vector analysis method can be used as a way to obtain a priori information. This method allows us to obtain estimates of the geometric parameters of an anomalous object, does not involve high time and resource expenses, and can be used directly at the site of field experimental measurements.

PROSES BERPIKIR REFLEKTIF SISWA SMA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA MATEMATIKA DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA

Being someone literate by statistics is very important for each individual to be able to interpret statisticalmessages in various contexts. This research is a descriptive-qualitative study to describe the statisticalliteracy profile of high school students in solving statistical problems based on mathematical ability. Thedata collection method uses written tests and interviews. The research subjects were one student with ahigh mathematical ability category and one student with a moderate mathematical ability category. Theresults showed that: (1) students with high mathematical abilities can understand data, interpret data, andevaluate data well. Students with a high mathematical ability to communicate data by presenting data inthe form of diagrams or graphs, but without considering the characteristics of the data in the presentation;(2) while students with moderate mathematical ability can understand data well. The results of datainterpretation of moderate mathematical students' ability experience errors in terms of determiningaverages and data distribution and communicating data by presenting data in the form of diagrams orgraphs that experience misconceptions related to the presentation of bar charts and histograms.

Depth Estimation of the Aquifer Using Geoelectric Technique and It′s Comparison with Drilling Result in Pekuncen Village, Jatilawang District, Banyumas Regency

Pekuncen Village, Jatilawang District is one of the villages in Banyumas Regency which often experiences drought in the dry season. Exploration to obtain the groundwater sources needs to be done, especially to estimate the depth of the aquifer. The chosen exploration method was resistivity geoelectric using vertical sounding technique. Resistivity data acquisition is carried out on 3 trajectories with the length of the 1st and 3rd trajectories are 200 m, and the 2nd trajectory is 240 m. The sounding point on the 2nd trajectory was drilled, where rock samples were taken at every 5 m depth. The rock samples obtained were correlated with the resistivity data interpretation results, including the type and thickness of each depth. The aquifer in the research area consisted of two parts, namely unconfined aquifer and confined aquifer. The unconfined aquifer at the first sounding point is located at 6.80 – 34.38 m depth, the second sounding point at 7.00 – 28.89 m depth, and the third sounding point at 4.39 – 31.39 m depth. Then the confined aquifer at the first sounding point is located at less than 48.24 m depth, the second sounding point at less than 47.22 m depth, and the third sounding point at less than 47.36 m depth. The correlation between the resistivity data interpretation results at the second sounding point and the drill log data shows a slight difference in rock types and thickness. The difference of the rock types due to the drilling data interpretation results which divides the sand in the confined aquifers into fine, medium, and coarse grained sand. The difference of confined aquifer depth after being correlated is less than 2 m depth.Keywords: Aquifer, geoelectric survey, resistivity data, drill, Pekuncen, Banyumas.

The Positive Effect of Creative Movement Model on Children’s Personal Skills

As the importance of personal skills stimulation for children to prepare and equip children in facing various learning levels of further education is necessary, research about it is needed. This study examined the effect of creative movement model on the personal skills of early childhood. This study used a quasi-experimental approach with post-test only control group design. The population of this study was students of Group B Cluster III Kindergarten in Payangan District, Gianyar which the sample was Melati Kindergarten as an experimental group with treatment and Hindu Widya Kumara Santhi Kindergarten as a control group without treatment. Data analysis of the study was descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, by using t-test that was processed by IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 24 for Windows. The result of data interpretation in hypothesis test showed that Sig. (2-tailed) score was 0.001 which meant the significance score was smaller than α (0.001 <0.05). According to these statements, it could be concluded that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. The study demonstrates that creative movement model has positive effect on children’s personal skills. With this finding, parents and especially educators expected to be willing to develop various creative movement activities that can stimulate children's personal skills more optimally and sustainably. The benchmarks of children's achievement should go beyond cognitive aspects; thus, teachers need to provide stimulation for children's personal skills to develop social emotional aspect.

Geological structure and modeling carbonate reservoirs of kt-ii of theKozhasay field(the esatern edge of pricaspian basin

In the present work the major results of integrating data from Kozhasay field for 3D geological modeling had been described (regional geological data, exploration and production drilling results, core and cuttings data, 3D seismic data interpretation results, borehole images). The entire borehole imaging data were revised and used for fracture modeling. The hybrid fracture model was generated (discret and implicit fractures). The Kozhasay field had been under production since 2003 and it has produced 4 % of the STOIIP as for 01.01.2019. Theintegrated geological model of KT-II carbonate reservoirs was used to create hydrodynamic model of the field.

On the selection of suitable operate durations for injection tests in low permeability reservoirs

The article discusses the aspects of conducting and analyzing the results of hydrodynamic studies of wells (well test) at steady-state injection modes conducted in injection wells in order to assess reservoir pressure and injectivity. The main goal of this work is to determine the necessary duration of injection modes at which reservoir pressure will be determined at the maximum research radius. In view of the considerable duration of the study, in low-permeability reservoirs, the work of the environment wells is taken into account, which, in the process of well research, should have a minimal impact on the results of data interpretation. To this end, we simulated the dynamics of pressure changes for this type of well test for various parameters of the reservoir and the duration of injection modes, taking into account the influence of the work of the surrounding production wells. To solve this problem, we used a numerical model of fluid filtration in an element of a nine-point development system in a low-permeable reservoir. The production and injection of fluid is carried out in wells with main technogenic fractures of hydraulic fracturing. During the simulation, the filtration parameters of the “fracture-formation” system and the duration of the well operating modes were varied, and synthetic data on the change in pressure in the wells were reproduced. Pressure and flow rates at the well operating modes were analyzed by plotting the indicator diagram (ID). Estimates of the extrapolated pressure from the ID graphs were compared with the pressures in the numerical model, in particular, the pressure on the supply circuit and on the study radius. It is shown that for low-permeability formations when studying injection wells using the steady-state injection method, it is necessary to take into account the research radius, which depends on the permeability of the formation and the duration of the injection regimes. Also, the research radius must be taken into account when constructing isobar maps along with the reservoir pressure value.

Complex radiologic imaging of early breast cancer (literature review)

Clinicoroentgenological diagnosis of early breast cancer - BC (non-invasive or invasive small-sized cancers) is difficult due to the absence of any characteristic clinical symptoms and pathognomonic roentgenological signs of the malignant process. Screening of BC has shown to be one of the most successful projects for early diagnosis of malignancies, but the probability to receive false negative results using screening mammography reaches 12%, and, on the one hand, this is due to interval cancers, and on the other hand - to defects in the primary screening. Among the factors associated with the likelihood of ineffective screening of BC, the most authors highlight such as high breast density, preceding the breast biopsy for a benign process, young age, as well as the use of hormone replacement therapy. The main methods of instrumental BC diagnostics are mammography, ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Mammography is the "gold standard" for both screening and best diagnostics, but is characterized by a high proportion of both false positive and false negative results, and this can be partially solved by the use of digital mammography with tomosynthesis (performing a series of mammography images obtained at different angles and producing the focused 3-D images). Contrast enhanced mammography allows to identify angiogenesis in the area of the predicted malignancy, but is characterized by a high radiation exposure. Breast ultrasound is characterized by low specificity of the method and the high dependence of the result of data interpretation depending on physician qualifications. MRI of the breast for screening is characterized by high sensitivity, but also high cost and high proportion of false positive results. The role of PET/computer tomography in the diagnosis of early BC remains unclear, and the informative value of research in patients with nonpalpable tumors is extremely low. The roentgenological picture of early BC is widely variable; characteristic features include the presence of clustered calcifications, lumps with jagged edges, rough multinodular lumps. However, in a significant proportion of women the only manifestation of early BC is the presence of microcalcinates. Careful analysis of the localization and the shape of microcalcinates and basic characteristics allows correctly interpret the roentgenological diagnosis and helps to choose the optimal diagnostic and treatment algorithm.

The Crust and Upper Mantle Structure of the Southern Sikhote Alin along the Profile Dal’nerechensk–Roshchino–Plastun from Magnetotelluric Sounding Data

Magnetotelluric soundings (MTS) are carried out in a broad frequency range from 104 to 10–3 Hz at a total of fifty-five sounding sites spaced about 5 km apart along the profile Dal’nerechensk–Roshchino–Plastun across the strike of the Sikhote Alin Orogenic Belt (SAOB). Based on the results of data interpretation, the crust and upper mantle geoelectric section is constructed down to a depth of 150 km. The section shows the crust of variable thickness between 20 and 40 km with a resistivity higher than 1000 Ohm m, which consists of different-resistivity blocks bordered by subvertical and inclined low-resistivity zones, from tens to a few hundreds of Ohm m. Three abnormal-resistivity zones are revealed in the crust and upper mantle. The upper mantle structure is nonuniform. Beneath the western and eastern parts of the SAOB, the lowest resistivity values are observed at 40–80 km depths. A high-resistivity zone of 300–500 Ohm m, stretching in the westerly direction from the coast beneath the Khanka superterrane, is identified in the 80–150 km depth range. This area is treated as remnants of the plate of an ancient subduction zone; two low-resistivity canals are distinguished here, which are associated with a slab-window. The results obtained for the northern and southern parts of the SAOB are compared and their similarities and dissimilarities are ascertained.

Reflections of Wage Discrimination on Poverty: Assessment of Indian Rural Labour Market

In this research paper, we have tried to probe the effect or reflections of wage discrimination on poverty. It is found that the differences in the wage determination process in the public and private sectors may result in earning differentials across socio-religious groups. Many of the research community have been given data about discrimination in the labour market. In this particular paper, we have given the results of data interpretation for wage discrimination and its direct or indirect relation with poverty. The analysis has been presented for mainly three types of work; regular, casual and self-employed work. For the query of wage discrimination and its effect on poverty, we had divided the households into two parts, the first type of households whose household’s MPCE is below the poverty line and second whose household’s MPCE is higher the poverty line. The findings of the study make clear that the average daily wage for all type work of lower caste is less than the upper caste. The results also show that the poor household has found higher in lower caste in comparison to upper caste. The differences in the average wage-earning among the social groups for the same types of work may be the case of discrimination and poverty. The result argued to policymakers that they should frame an appropriate plan to address this issue and work for indiscrimination in the labour market and job creation in the rural areas.

The Ordovician-Silurian tectono-stratigraphic evolution and paleogeography of eastern Parnaiba Basin, NE Brazil

The Phanerozoic Parnaiba Basin (PB) occupies 600.000 km2 in northeastern Brazil and preserves one of the largest Ordovician-Silurian sedimentary record of western Gondwana, represented by the Serra Grande Group (SGG). This unit marks the initiation of the depositional history of Parnaiba Basin and comprises from the base to the top, the Ipu, Tianguá and Jaicós formations. Therefore the tectono-stratigraphy and paleogeography of SGG is key to unveil the genesis of PB and also the Ordovician-Silurian evolution of Gondwana. Here we present new sedimentological and tectono-stratigraphic surface and subsurface data from the eastern Parnaiba basin. Seven facies associations are described within the SGG: alluvial fan, braided river channel, outwash fan, lodgment till, shoreface, offshore and delta. They are assigned to each formation of SGG and, together with seismic and well data interpretation results, supporting a depositional model for this group. The lowermost portion of the Ipu Formation is represented by immature conglomerates in a scarp-related alluvial fan system, filling up NE-SW-elongated grabens aligned to the crustal scale Transbrasiliano Lineament. This implies that the early sedimentation of the Parnaiba Basin could relate to post-Brasiliano tectonic reactivations following the amalgamation of Gondwana. Upwards, the Ipu Formation grades to a braided river system. Its uppermost portion contains a glacial deposit, here named as the Ipueiras tillite and discontinuously preserved across the basin. This glacial record might be correlated to the Hirnantian Glaciation, a global episode of about 2 m.y. during the Ordovician-Silurian transition (c.a. 443.8 Ma), well documented in other Gondwanan basins from Africa (e.g. the Taoudeni and the Tindouf basins) and South America (e.g. the Amazonas and the Paraná basins). Above it, a 15 m thick layer of marine black shales represent the base of the Tianguá Formation and is interpreted as the maximum flooding event of Serra Grande Group. To the top and laterally, this unit grades to shoreface and deltaic facies associations and is coeval to the global deglaciation transgressive event of Early Silurian. Finally, the overlying Jaicós Formation is composed by braided river deposits in a regressive cycle, possibly related to isostatic rebound, closing the deposition of the Serra Grande Group. Regarding the paleocurrent pattern of this unit, the main northwestwards direction suggests a paleotopographic high in the central portion of western Gondwana.

Direct-to-consumer raw genetic data and third-party interpretation services: more burden than bargain?

The latest response to consumers’ increased demand for accessible genetic health information is the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)’s recent approval of 23andMe’s direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic test for the three common BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants found in the Ashkenazi Jewish population.1 23andMe and other DTC genetic testing companies officially report out ancestry, trait, and some health information, while also providing consumers with files of their raw genetic data. Up to 62% of consumers use third-party applications to interpret the raw data and health information not included in companies’ reports.2 Little data exists on the nature and prevalence of clinical follow up of third-party raw genetic data interpretation, nor on the psychosocial impact on the consumer and their families.3 This information is of timely importance as a recent study suggests that 40% of genetic variations within DTC raw data sent for clinical confirmation are false positives.4 This raises many questions about the impact of DTC genetic testing and third-party interpretation tools, including the appropriate use of healthcare resources, clinical utility, provider and patient understanding of limitations, and psychological impact on consumers. In this commentary, we present four case vignettes from cardiovascular genetics clinics to bring awareness to possible harms of DTC raw data interpretation. Future studies investigating the breadth and frequency of cases such as these are required to understand the scope of this harm.

Analisis Persepsi Mahasiswa atas Kompetensi Pedagogik Dosen Pendidikan Agama Islam

The purpose of this study was to find and analyze empirically about student perceptions of pedagogical competencies of lecturers of Islamic Education at Indraprasta University PGRI Jakarta. The research subjects were students of the Indraprasta PGRI University Mathematics Education Program in the odd semester of 2018/2019 academic year, who participated in the lectures on Islamic Education totaling 50 students with details of each research group of 25 people. The sampling technique used in this study is a non random sampling technique, namely by purposive sampling method (purposive sampling). Sampling is tailored to the purpose of the study and based on the subjective judgment of the researcher and on certain characteristics which are considered to have relevance to the characteristics of the population that were previously known with certain considerations. The data collection technique used in this study is through the dissemination of instruments of student perceptions of the pedagogical competencies of lecturers of Islamic Education at Indraprasta University PGRI Jakarta. The researcher conducted research data collection using a questionnaire. Judging from the recapitulation of the results of data interpretation, it can be concluded that the results of the study through questionnaires can be interpreted that "Student Perception Analysis of the Pedagogic Competencies of Islamic Education Lecturers" results are included in the category of good. From the recapitulation of data interpretations obtained 0% very good category, 80% good category, 16% sufficient category, 4% less category, 0% very poor category.