Restorative Treatment Research Articles

Comparative Evaluation of Anxiety Levels in Children Undergoing Restorative Procedure Using No Music, Music of Choice, and Nursery Rhymes as a Behavior Management Technique in Children between 4 and 12 Years – An In vivo Study

Aim: The aim is to compare and evaluate the impact music has on anxiety in children while performing restorative procedures. Materials and Methods: Forty-five children between the ages of 4 and 12 years without any prior dental experience were recruited for the study. Forty-five children were equally divided into three groups of 15 children in each by simple random sampling. The children were allocated to the groups using the computer allocation method. Group A consisted of 15 children who were not made to hear music, Group B consisted of 15 children who heard nursery rhymes, and Group C consisted of 15 children who heard music of their own choice while undergoing restorative treatment for 40 min. Anxiety levels were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively using Venham’s picture test, and pulse rate using pulse oximeter. Results: Music of choice and nursery rhymes showed a better reduction in anxiety levels than no music, with a very high statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Music of choice was better than nursery rhymes and no music in reducing anxiety in children. Conclusion: The music of choice was more effective in reducing anxiety when compared to the nursery rhyme group and no music group.

Numerical investigation of the restored oyster reef flow field with the lattice Boltzmann method

Oyster reefs play a dual role in the ecological and economic sustainability of global estuarine resources. Due to human activity and climate change, the prevalence of cosmopolitan oyster reefs has noticeably declined in recent decades, triggering a global restoration movement. However, the hydrodynamic functions of oyster reefs during and after restoration, particularly the impacts of growth and morphology on the flow field, remain poorly understood. This study employs the lattice Boltzmann method coupled with large-eddy simulation to simulate unidirectional flow around restored oyster reef models using the open-source Palabos library. It examines the effects of unidirectional flow velocity and reef morphology on hydrodynamic characteristics. The research analyzes spatial and temporal variations in velocity, vorticity, and turbulence structure around the reef. The findings indicated significant flow field differences between the initially restored reefs and those post-restoration. The dimensionless wake region scale parameters of the initially restored reefs exhibit hysteresis effects, generating larger turbulence during the post-recruitment stage than in the initial stage. Areas of high turbulence in the wake are associated with above-canopy flow, bypass flow, and within-canopy flow. The presence of gaps and branches in the reef leads to complex turbulence structures and irregular vortex shedding in the reef's wake at the post-recruitment stage. These results are valuable for assessing oyster reef resilience and planning effective restoration interventions.

Enhancing Communication in Critically Ill Patients with a Tracheostomy: A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Interventions and Outcomes.

Tracheostomy, a common procedure performed in intensive care units (ICU), is associated with communication impairment and affects patient well-being. While prior research has focused on physiological care, there is a need to address communication needs and quality of life (QOL). We aimed to evaluate how different types of communication devices affect QOL, speech intelligibility, voice quality, time to significant events, clinical response and tolerance, and healthcare utilization in patients undergoing tracheostomy. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was conducted to assess studies from 2016 onwards. Eligible studies included adult ICU patients with a tracheostomy, comparing different types of communication devices. Data were extracted and synthesized to evaluate QOL, speech intelligibility, voice quality, time to significant events (initial communication device use, oral intake, decannulation), clinical response and tolerance, and healthcare utilization and facilitators/barriers to device implementation. Among 9,228 studies screened, 8 were included in the review. Various communication devices were employed, comprising both tracheostomy types and speaking valves, highlighting the multifaceted nature of interventions. Quality of life improvements were observed with voice restoration interventions, but challenges such as speech intelligibility impairments were noted. The median time for initial communication device usage post-intervention was 11.4 ± 5.56 days. The median duration of speech tolerance ranged between 30-60 minutes to 2-3 hours across different studies. Complications such as air trapping or breathing difficulties were reported in 15% of cases. Additionally, the median ICU length of stay post-intervention was 36.5 days. Key facilitators for device implementation included early intervention, while barriers ranged from service variability to physical intolerance issues. Findings demonstrate that various types of communication devices can significantly enhance the quality of life, speech intelligibility, and voice quality for patients undergoing tracheostomy, aligning with the desired outcomes of improved clinical response and reduced healthcare utilization. The identification of facilitators and barriers to device implementation further informs clinical practice, suggesting a tailored, patient-centered approach is crucial for optimizing the benefits of communication devices in this population.

Neurolinguistic Features of Digital Autism

The way of thinking and consciousness of a person is not only a problem of an individual, but also a general socio-social problem. In the modern era of “digitalization”, the phenomenon of “digital autism” is rapidly gaining momentum among the younger generation, especially among children and adolescents. Screeners, buzzers or Generation “Z” are modern children who cannot imagine their lives without electronic devices. This makes it difficult not only for the child to develop language abilities and speech activity, but also to adapt to the social environment, get an education, and the path to professional success. The article examines the impact of digital autism, which is the impact of autism on people's daily and personal lives. Currently, social networking or excessive spending time in a virtual environment can give people an advantage over direct communication and give them emotional freedom and confidence that are not always present in ordinary communication. However, excessive isolation from society, the distinction between virtual and real life situations, their correct assessment and the development of specific solutions create certain difficulties. The complexity of the issue of digital autism lies in the fact that digital autism occurs not only in children, but also in adults. Unfortunately, there are few neurolinguistic studies on the prevention of digital autism, treatment of autism, rehabilitation, and restoration of brain function. Digital autism is one of the most difficult problems that requires studying at the junction of several sciences, such as neurolinguistics, sociology, medicine, defectology, from the point of view of the anthropolinguistic paradigm.

Dental caries and demineralization in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy

The number of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients is steadily increasing, and the use of radiotherapy for treatment in this patient group has been associated with side effects such as mucositis, trismus, xerostomia, dental caries, periodontal disease, and osteoradionecrosis (ORN). Radiation caries (RC) can be atypical, and their treatment can be challenging. Preventing and treating RC become crucial as post-radiotherapy tooth extraction can pave the way for ORN. The aim of this review is to evaluate the restorative dental treatment for HNC patients before, during, and after radiotherapy. This includes examining the impact of radiotherapy on tooth decay and demineralization, and providing solutions to address these effects.

BORDERLINE OVARIAN TUMORS. MEDICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION

Ovarian tumors are the most common diseases of the female reproductive system that require comprehensive treatment. Any tumor diseases often cause negative consequences for mental health. In order to prevent undesirable mental reactions in patients who have suffered from such a disease, it is necessary to apply rehabilitation measures. Restorative treatment methods accelerate regeneration of body functions, reduce the frequency of complications, thereby improving the prognosis of the disease. The aim of the study is to study the impact of medical and psychological rehabilitation on the quality of life in patients who have suffered a borderline ovarian tumor. Materials and methods. Medical and psychological rehabilitation, which consists of a set of measures, is important in the recovery of patients with borderline ovarian tumors. These methods help to cope faster with unpleasant and adverse symptoms caused by the disease. In this work, medical and psychological monitoring of 30 patients was carried out, the average age was 28 years, and all patients were diagnosed with borderline ovarian tumor. Research results. It was found that in patients with borderline ovarian tumors who underwent complex rehabilitation measures, the risk of mental disorders decreased. For the first time, a questionnaire entitled "Scale for assessing the severity of the risk for dependent behavior development in patients with borderline ovarian tumor" was used to evaluate the results. Conclusions. Patients who suffered a borderline ovarian tumor and underwent a course of medical and psychological rehabilitation are better adapted to all areas of daily life. Various techniques designed to work with stress significantly improve the quality of life in patients. After carrying out the complex of rehabilitation measures, the risk of mental disorders is minimal. Such patients did not have symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Restoring Equity for Black Youth in Urban Schools: A Scoping Review

Zero tolerance policies in urban schools increased the disparities in urban school discipline for Black youth in comparison to white youth. Restorative interventions continue to be a popular response to deviant student behaviors; however, exploring the impact of restorative interventions in reducing harsh discipline on Black youth should be a continued focal point for scholars. This study used a scoping review to explore the breadth of knowledge available regarding using restorative interventions in urban schools. Five databases were used to identify relevant literature. Seven pieces of literature met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Findings revealed that restorative interventions do not have substantially positive impact on Black youth’s suspension rates; yet racial inequities in school and perceived negative thoughts about Black youth are among chief reasons Black youth are more likely suspended. Implications for future research and interventions are discussed.

Management of the epileptic patient in the dental office: a clinical case report and brief literature review

Outpatient care of epileptic patients can be a significant challenge for dental professionals. Therefore, the present study aimed to report, through a clinical case report, the management of epileptic patients in the dental office. A 16-year-old male patient attended dental care due to tooth decay and periodontal disease. The patient routinely used 250 mg of sodium valproate once a day to control epilepsy. During the clinical and radiographic examination, it was observed the need for guidance regarding dental caries, periodontal disease, suitability of the environment, periodontal, endodontic, surgical, and restorative treatment. Care was taken regarding stress control and, the use of local anesthetics and antibiotics. Given this clinical case report, it was possible to review and act in an optimized manner in the management of epileptic patients in the dental office. The complexity of the disease, the prevalence of those affected, and compromised oral health are highlighted. Dental surgeons must be desensitized to this issue and significantly accommodate this demand from the population.

An ontology-based framework for supporting decision making in conservation and restoration interventions for cultural heritage

Decision-making (DM) is the backbone of the Conservation and Restoration (CnR) of Cultural Heritage (CH). The demands of the DM process for information organization and management have raised issues that the CnR community attempts to solve by creating DM-support tools and systems, which, among others, exploit Semantic Web (SW) technologies. Regarding the tools and systems that focus on the DM process of selecting an intervention option (CnR-DM-I), they present benefits, as well as limitations, regarding the i) completeness of representation of the relevant knowledge in a unified manner, ii) facilitation of recording the CnR-DM-I process per se, in terms of the problem at hand as well as the intervention parameters, requirements and criteria, and iii) recommendation and further exploration of CnR intervention options in a systematic manner. This work proposes an ontology-based framework as a means to overcome those limitations. The proposed framework (DS-CnRI) sets at its core a formal ontology which provides the necessary entities to represent expert knowledge related to CnR-DM-I. The ontology also includes rules which provide useful inferences to assist the CnR-DM-I process. The proposed framework has been deployed and evaluated in collaboration with conservators. Initial evaluation results show that the framework assists conservators in CnR-DM-I to detect and select the most suitable intervention options, to better understand the limitations of different options and to document the process of reaching their decision.

Inconsistent recovery of nitrogen cycling after feral ungulate removal across three tropical island ecosystems

Non-native ungulates (sheep, goats, and pigs) have significant negative impacts on ecosystem biodiversity, structure, and biogeochemical function throughout the Pacific Islands. Elevated nitrogen (N) availability associated with ungulate disturbance has been shown to promote the success of resource-exploitive invasive plants. While ungulate removal is a common restoration intervention, evaluations of its efficacy typically focus on vegetation responses, rather than underlying nutrient cycling. We used multiple chronosequences of ungulate exclusion (10–24 years duration) in three Hawaiian ecosystems (montane wet forest, dry forest, and dry shrubland) to determine N cycle recovery by characterizing gross mineralization and nitrification, soil inorganic N concentrations and leaching, N2O emissions, and plant tissue δ15N. Ungulate removal led to a 1–2 ‰ decline in foliar δ15N in most species, consistent with a long-term decrease in N fractionation via ecosystem N losses, or a shift in the relative turnover of N forms. This interpretation was supported by significant (dry forest) or trending (wet forest) increases in mineralization and decreases in nitrification, but conflicts with lack of observed change in inorganic N pool sizes or gaseous losses, and increased leaching in the dry forest. While results could indicate that ungulate invasions do not strongly impact N cycling in the first place (no uninvaded control sites exist in Hawai’i to test this hypothesis), this would be inconsistent with observations from other sites globally. Instead, impacts may be spatially patchy across the landscape, or ungulate invasions (possibly in combination with other disturbances) may have permanently shifted biogeochemical function or decoupled elemental cycles. We conclude that eliminating ungulate disturbance alone may not achieve restoration goals related to N cycling within the timeframe examined here.

Therapeutic Targets in the Management of Dry Eye Disease Associated with Sjögren's Syndrome: An Updated Review of Current Insights and Future Perspectives.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a continuing medical challenge, further worsened in the autoimmune inflammatory hyperactivation milieu of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) due to disturbances to innate and adaptive immunity with malfunctioning neuro-endocrine control. However, the pathogenetic mechanisms of SS DED are not fully established. This review summarized the available evidence, from systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized clinical trials, for the efficacy and safety of the available ocular therapeutics for the management of SS DED. Relevant studies were obtained from major databases using appropriate keywords. The available largely empirical symptomatic, supportive, and restorative treatments have significant limitations as they do not alter local and systemic disease progression. Topical therapies have expanded to include biologics, surgical approaches, scleral lens fitting, the management of lid margin disease, systemic treatments, nutritional support, and the transplantation of stem cells. They are not curative, as they cannot permanently restore the ocular surface's homeostasis. These approaches are efficacious in the short term in most studies, with more significant variability in outcome measures among studies in the long term. This review offers an interdisciplinary perspective that enriches our understanding of SS DED. This updated review addresses current knowledge gaps and identifies promising areas for future research to overcome this medical challenge.

Revitalizing Your Skin: The Power of Microneedling with PRP for Pigmentation Reduction

: Treating facial pigmentation disorders has become controversial, with patients requesting less invasive and more effective treatments that minimize side effects. Microneedling, combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), has recently emerged as a common treatment in the field of aesthetic medicine, with numerous articles highlighting its use in restorative treatments and its effectiveness. However, there have been no reports to date on the use of this technique for addressing facial pigmentation disorders. In this article, we present a successful case study utilizing microneedling in combination with PRP to eliminate facial pigmentation. Based on the available evidence, it appears that this treatment approach is highly effective and carries minimal risk of side effects when used to address facial pigmentation.

Restoration of herbivory on Caribbean coral reefs: are fishes, urchins, or crabs the solution?

That coral reefs are in decline worldwide, particularly in the Caribbean, will come as no surprise. This decades-long decline has reached a potential tipping point as the weight of the effects of climate change have come decidedly to bear on the planet’s most diverse marine ecosystem. Whether coral reefs can persist without restorative intervention is debatable, which has prompted a surge in coral reef restoration projects focusing primarily on the cultivation and transplantation of coral fragments onto degraded reefs. But that widespread approach does little to address the underlying causes of coral loss, one of which is the proliferation of macroalgae that are deleterious to corals. An emerging solution to this problem is the enhancement of herbivory on coral reefs through improved management of herbivores, artificial enhancement of herbivore settlement, or their mariculture and subsequent stocking. This review explores the nuances of the biology of well-studied Caribbean coral reef herbivores (fishes, sea urchins, and crabs) as it relates to their mariculture and investigates the promise of herbivore stocking onto coral reefs as a restoration strategy. Fish, urchin, and crab herbivores differ appreciably in life histories, which confers advantages and disadvantages with respect to their mariculture and effectiveness as grazers. Mariculture of herbivorous marine fish for reef restoration is essentially non-existent so the reestablishment of grazing fish abundance on coral reefs focuses primarily on their protection through fishery regulations, but only at a few locations in the Caribbean. Mariculture of herbivorous urchins and crabs for restoration purposes is in its infancy, but promising especially for crabs whose larval rearing is less difficult. Perhaps the biggest challenge for the mariculture of either taxon is “scaling-up” from research settings to large-scale mariculture needed for stocking. Numerous studies extol the benefits of functional redundancy and complementarity for coral reef ecosystem stability, but whether this principal applies to the restoration of grazing function is untested. We identify gaps in our knowledge of best practices for the restoration of grazing function on coral reefs and conclude with some practical guidance on the establishment of targets for macroalgal reduction, along with strategic advice on grazer stocking in a given reef habitat.

A primer on the restorative therapies for erectile dysfunction: a narrative review.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition that affects millions worldwide. Patients and urologists alike are seeking alternative therapies that can provide long-lasting results in the treatment of ED. This review provides a comprehensive overview of restorative treatments available for ED, such as platelet-rich plasma, stem cell therapy, and shockwave therapy. The aim of this narrative review is to provide a primer for urologists and general practitioners on the basics of implementing ED restorative therapies in their practice. The PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles in the English language through August 31, 2023, that included key terms such as "erectile dysfunction," "restorative therapy," "shockwave therapy," "platelet-rich plasma," "stem cell therapy," and "stromal vascular fraction." Reference lists of selected studies were manually reviewed to find articles not identified by the initial database search. Shockwave therapy has demonstrated effectiveness in treating ED, with devices like the Medispec ED1000 and Storz Duolith showing statistically significant improvements in patient scores for International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-Erectile Function scores in clinical trials. In reported studies of platelet-rich plasma injections, a substantial percentage of patients reached a minimal clinically important difference in the IIEF-Erectile Function scale after treatment. Studies of ED treatment with stem cell therapy, while limited and with small sample sizes, have demonstrated encouraging improvements in patient scores for the abridged 5-item version of the IIEF after treatment. Shockwave, platelet-rich plasma, and stem cell therapies are important, novel, noninvasive restorative treatments for ED that can provide relief for patients wishing to avoid a more invasive approach. While these therapies have shown promising results in clinical trials, more research is required to establish them as standardized and efficacious options in the management of ED.

Biogeomorphological response to river restoration of a suburban river with large wood: Creating a restoration vision and cost‐effectively monitoring the response trajectory using the citizen science MoRPh survey

AbstractBiogeomorphological responses to river restoration are rarely reported. Despite a transition in the emphasis and priorities of river management over the last 40 years from controlling river channel forms and processes to restoring and supporting natural processes, forms and functions, remarkably little information is available on project outcomes. Here, using the example of Beverley Brook within Wimbledon Common, Greater London, UK, we illustrate how standardised detailed monitoring information can be assembled at a very low cost using the citizen science MoRPh survey and we demonstrate the importance of having a pre‐project vision of likely outcomes that can be tracked by the monitoring programme. We show how a pre‐project and five post‐project surveys undertaken over 4 years according to a before‐after‐control‐impact (BACI) design provides scientifically robust data. Analysis of the survey data quantifies the nature, abundance and spatial distribution of restoration interventions, the immediate responses to those interventions, and the ensuing trajectory of biogeomorphological adjustments. Changes in the persistence, size, position, abundance and evolution of habitats reveal the degree to which the restoration achieved the pre‐project biogeomorphological vision and why the recovery trajectory progressed at the observed rate and to the observed end point over 4 years. Our approach has enormous potential for monitoring the outcomes of river interventions. Whilst our project was limited in its spatial scale and focus on physical habitats, we suggest how these limitations could be overcome whilst still containing costs.

Further Interventions after Root Canal Treatment Are Most Common in Molars and Teeth Restored with Direct Restorations: A 10–11-Year Follow-Up of the Adult Swedish Population

IntroductionThe aims were to investigate 1) the frequency of nonsurgical retreatment, root-end surgery, extraction, and further restorative treatment during a follow-up of 10–11 years after root filling and compare the frequencies according to tooth group and type of coronal restoration and 2) the timing of nonsurgical retreatment, root-end surgery, and extraction. MethodsData were collected from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency's register. A search for treatment codes identified teeth root filled in 2009 and the type of coronal restoration (direct, indirect, and unspecified) registered within 6 months of root filling. The root-filled teeth were followed 10–11 years, and further interventions were recorded. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. ResultsIn 2009, root fillings were registered for 215,611 individuals/teeth. Nonsurgical retreatment, root-end surgery, and extraction were undertaken in 3.5%, 1.4%, and 20% teeth, respectively. The frequency of further interventions varied with respect to tooth group and type of coronal restoration, but only slightly for endodontic retreatments. Further interventions, except for root-end surgery, were registered more often for molars and directly restored teeth (P < .001). The majority of endodontic retreatments were undertaken within 4 years, while extractions were evenly distributed over 10–11 years. ConclusionsThe frequency numbers of nonsurgical retreatment and root-end surgery were low, despite 1 in 5 root-filled teeth registered as extracted. Further interventions were most common in molars and directly restored teeth. Endodontic retreatments were performed more often during the first 4 years.

Oral health with focus on dental fear and dental caries in Swedish preschool child populations attending public dental health care: Trends over 30 years.

To study changes in oral health with focus on reported dental fear prevalence and interrelationships between dental fear and prevalence of dental caries and performed restorative dental treatment in preschool child populations attending regular public dental health care between 1983 and 2013. Every 10 years, random samples of about 100 children aged 3 and 5 years, respectively, took part in cross-sectional studies based on oral examination and a questionnaire. One question, put to the child and answered by the parent, mirrored dental fear: "What do you feel at the prospect of an appointment with a dentist?". Agreement to at least one of three alternatives, ill at ease, frightened and sick, indicated dental fear. Frightened and/or sick mirrored severe dental fear. 79%-94% of the samples answered the question and constituted the study group. Prevalence of caries and number of filled tooth surfaces were recorded. Dental parameters were presented in mean values. During the 30 years, dental fear prevalence was fairly constant. 21% of 3-year-olds and 15% of 5-year-olds reported dental fear in 2013. Positive relationships between dental fear prevalence and caries prevalence and number of filled tooth surfaces were found. Dental caries was reduced during the study time, but to a lesser degree in children with dental fear compared to children without dental fear. Although children were offered public dental health care, the prevalence of dental fear remained high. Children with dental fear are caries risk individuals.

Assessing the Effects and Acceptance of Silver Diamine Fluoride Treatment in Early Childhood Caries.

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a widespread dental problem that impacts children below the age of six years. Traditional restorative treatments like fillings are often challenging and invasive for young children. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) offers a minimally invasive and cost-effective alternative for managing ECC. However, theeffects, acceptance, and understanding of this treatment by parents remain crucial for its successful implementation. To evaluate the impact and level of acceptance of SDF treatment in ECC. Thirty-two children from an Anganwadi centeraged between two to five yearssuffering from ECC were selected. A 38% SDF was applied for 3 minutes on the identified carious lesion, and the arrest percentage was checked after a recall period of three weeks and three months. The Likert scale was used for the questionnaire regardingparental feedback about the ease of application procedure, tooth discoloration, possible pain associated with the procedure, andthe taste of SDF. In the present study, a total of 75 surfaces were subjected to the application of SDF. After a period of three weeks, it was observed that 64 of these surfaces had successfully undergone the process of caries arrest. This finding was deemed to be statistically significant, with a P value of 0.021. Furthermore, the remaining surfaces that had not achieved caries arrest were subsequently treated atthree months. The results of this subsequent treatment were also found to be statistically significant, with a P value of 0.027. These findings highlight the efficacy of both caries treatment and caries arrest in relation to the utilization of SDF. SDF was found to be minimally invasive, easy to administer, inexpensive, highly efficient, and effective treatment in arresting caries in the primary dentition of young children, particularly in patients lacking cooperation.

Examining the impact of a restorative breath-based intervention "Sudarshan Kriya Yoga" at work: a field experiment.

Human capital plays a crucial role in the success of an organization and further contributes to the broader goals of growth and development of society. In this regard, it is essential to ensure the well-being of employees at the workplace. Given the positive impact of yoga on psycho-physiological aspects of health, this study aims to examine the impact of a breath-based yogic intervention, Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY), on stress, anxiety, thriving, general health, emotional well-being, social well-being, and psychological well-being among employees of a leading manufacturing firm in India. Undertaking a randomized-control experiment design (n = 64), we examined the impact of SKY on stress, anxiety, thriving, general health, and emotional, social, and psychological well-being. Two certified instructors conducted the SKY intervention in a retreat format over 3 days. The analysis demonstrated positive outcomes across various aspects of participants' well-being, i.e., it significantly reduced their stress and anxiety and increased the levels of thriving, general health, and emotional, social, and psychological well-being. These findings are valuable for understanding the potential benefits of the SKY intervention. The findings provide support for considering SKY as a potential well-being intervention for employers at the workplace and society at large. Further exploration, implementation, and research in diverse contexts will be crucial to fully understand the long-term impact and scalability of the SKY intervention in promoting holistic well-being.

Noninferiority of Silver Diamine Fluoride vs Sealants for Reducing Dental Caries Prevalence and Incidence

Dental caries is the world's most prevalent noncommunicable disease and a source of health inequity; school dental sealant programs are a common preventive measure. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) may provide an alternative therapy to prevent and control caries if shown to be noninferior to sealant treatment. To determine whether school-based application of SDF is noninferior to dental sealants and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in the prevalence of dental caries. The Silver Diamine Fluoride Versus Therapeutic Sealants for the Arrest and Prevention of Dental Caries in Low-Income Minority Children (CariedAway) study was a pragmatic noninferiority cluster-randomized clinical trial conducted from February 2018 to June 2023 to compare silver diamine fluoride vs therapeutic sealants for the arrest and prevention of dental caries. Children at primary schools in New York, New York, with at least 50% of the student population reporting as Black or Hispanic and at least 80% receiving free or reduced lunch were included. This population was selected as they are at the highest risk of caries in New York. Students were randomized to receive either SDF or sealant with ART; those aged 5 to 13 years were included in the analysis. Treatment was provided at every visit based on need, and the number of visits varied by child. Schools with preexisting oral health programs were excluded, as were children who did not speak English. Of 17 741 students assessed for eligibility, 7418 were randomized, and 4100 completed follow-up and were included in the final analysis. Participants were randomized at the school level to receive either a 38% concentration SDF solution or glass ionomer sealants and ART. Each participant also received fluoride varnish. Primary study outcomes were the prevalence and incidence of dental caries. A total of 7418 children (mean [SD] age, 7.58 [1.90] years; 4006 [54.0%] female; 125 [1.7%] Asian, 1246 [16.8%] Black, 3648 [49.2%] Hispanic, 153 [2.1%] White, 114 [1.5%] multiple races or ethnicities, 90 [1.2%] other [unspecified], 2042 [27.5%] unreported) were enrolled and randomized to receive either SDF (n = 3739) or sealants with ART (n = 3679). After initial treatment, 4100 participants (55.0%) completed at least 1 follow-up observation. The overall baseline prevalence of dental caries was approximately 27.2% (95% CI, 25.7-28.6). The odds of decay prevalence decreased longitudinally (odds ratio [OR], 0.79; 95% CI, 0.75-0.83) and SDF was noninferior compared to sealants and ART (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.80-1.11). The crude incidence of dental caries in children treated with SDF was 10.2 per 1000 tooth-years vs 9.8 per 1000 tooth-years in children treated with sealants and ART (rate ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.97-1.12). In this school-based pragmatic randomized clinical trial, application of SDF resulted in nearly identical caries incidence compared to dental sealants and ART and was noninferior in the longitudinal prevalence of caries. These findings suggest that SDF may provide an effective alternative for use in school caries prevention. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03442309.