Resting Saliva Research Articles

Comparative Evaluation of the Amount of Sorption and Solubility Seen in Soft Liner with Herbal and Commercially Available Denture Cleanser - An In vitro Study

Aims: the aim of the current study is to assess the quantity of sorption and solubility seen in the soft denture liner with herbal (neem) and commercially (clinsodent) available denture cleanser.
 Materials and Methods: The cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Prosthodontics at Sharad Pawar Dental College And Hospital between February 2021 and July 2021. 52 samples of heat cured acrylic resin of circular shape were prepared using a stainless steel mould. The resilient liner was applied to all the samples using a denture adhesive. All samples will then be desiccated for 24 hours to get a stable or conditioned weight W1. The samples will then be divided into 2 groups namely: Group A (clinsodent group) and the Group B (herbal denture cleanser group). All the samples were immersed daily in cleanser for 8 hour and then transferred to artificial saliva for rest 16 hours of the day. Solutions of artificial saliva and denture cleanser was changed daily for the entire period of study that is 7 days. Later, all the test samples were removed from saliva, wiped dry, weighed for saturated weight W2. - After desiccating again for 24 hours the samples were again assessed for renovated weight that is W3.
 Results: With respect to sorption and solubility it was found that the clinsodent group exhibited greater percentage of sorption when compared to the neem denture cleanser group after a period of 7 days, p-values of 0.0001,S.
 Conclusion: It can be established that the solubility and sorption values of clinsodent group were higher when compared to the herbal denture cleanser group. Overall, neem in the form of denture cleanser performed better than clinsodent.

Comparison of erosive potential of butter milk, tender coconut and a commercially available energy drink on human enamel: An in vitro study

Background: Increased consumption of energy drinks by youth population leading to increased prevalence of erosion calls for exploring safe and culturally acceptable alternatives. Hence a study was planned to test the erosive potential of butter milk, tender coconut and a commercially available energy drink on human enamel in vitro. Methods: An in vitro study was conducted by selecting 30 extracted human central incisors based on selection criteria. Three enamel sections (specimens) were taken from each selected tooth and were randomly assigned to three interventional groups viz, Group A-Energy drink, Group B-Butter milk, Group C -Tender coconut water) followed by immersion in test solution for 15 minutes and placement in artificial saliva for rest of the day. This was done for 15 days duration. Pre and post 15 days test evaluation of microhardness of enamel was done assessing Knoop’s hardness value. Iodide permeability test was performed to measure the level of enamel demineralization. Student’s paired t test and oneway Anova tests were employed for statistical analysis fixing significance level at p 0.05). Conclusion: Tender coconut water may be considered as safe alternative energy drink for consumption.

THE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS MOUTH RINSE ON THE DISCOLORATION OF DIFFERENT COMPOSITE RESINS

AIM: To determine the effect of various types of mouthrinse on the color stability of the composite resin materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 4 types of resin material were chosen and immersed in 4 different types of mouthrinses for 2 mins daily and then restored in artificial saliva for rest of the time for 3 months. The baseline color values and post immersion color values were evaluated using colorimetrics. RESULTS: All the resin material underwent discoloration. The lowest discoloration was seen during the usage of amflor mouthrinse. The lowest discoloration among the resin material was seen there in nanofill resin material. CONCLUSIONS: From this study we can conclude that mouth rinses with low pH are more detrimental. It’s the filler material matrix that plays a key role on the color stability of the material. KEYWORDS: aesthetic dentistry, discoloration , mouthrinse.

Validation of the optimal site in the neck region for detecting swallowing sounds

Recently, the swallowing sound has been used to detect swallowing events non-invasively. A previous study, using an accelerometer, showed that the site over the lateral border of the trachea immediately inferior to the cricoid cartilage was the optimal site for detecting swallowing sounds. However, the optimal site for detection of the swallowing sound using a microphone remains undetermined. To validate the optimal site in the neck region for detecting swallowing sounds. Fourteen healthy subjects (mean age, 27·6 ± 2·2 years; seven male and seven female) participated in this study. Twenty condenser microphones were attached to 20 sites on the left neck surface to detect swallowing sounds. Participants were instructed to swallow five different stimuli three times as follows: Resting saliva, 1 and 5 mL of Japanese tea, and 1 and 5 mL of yoghurt. Mean relative peak intensity was used to indicate the magnitude of the swallowing sound. Sound spectrograms were used to illustrate differences in the properties of swallowing sounds. Mean relative peak intensity number was highest in sites at the inferior border of the mandible just above the sternocleidomastoid muscle (site 11) and sites over the lateral border of the trachea immediately inferior to the cricoid cartilage (site 8). Comparison of spectrograms showed a greater density distribution of higher frequency components at site 11 compared with site 8. These results indicate that the inferior border of the mandible just above the sternocleidomastoid muscle is the optimal site for the detection of swallowing sounds.

Time Dependent Effect of a Denture Cleanser on the Sorption and Solubility of Four Soft Liners-An Invitro Study.

Soft liner materials, when used with ill fitting dentures, are constantly kept in a wet environment of either saliva or denture cleanser that affects their sorption and solubility. These inturn have detrimental effect on other properties. To evaluate the influence of different exposure times of a commonly used denture cleanser on sorption and solubility of four soft liners. Metal disc was fabricated to make the mould space for soft liner samples. Four materials were used, long term and short term acrylic liners; long term and short term silicone liners. Each of these were divided into four groups: first control group- all liners were kept in artificial saliva for entire period of study. Second group- liners were immersed daily in cleanser for 1 hour and then transferred to artificial saliva for rest of the day. Similarly samples of third and fourth groups were immersed in cleanser for 4 and 8 hours respectively and transferred to artificial saliva. Sorption and solubility tests were conducted and statistical analysis done. One-way ANOVA followed by Post-hoc Tukey's test for pair wise comparisons was done. Significance was set at the probability level of p < 0.05. Solubility values of all groups were higher than the quoted ADA specifications. Overall, silicones performed better than acrylics. Long term silicone was most stable. Short term acrylic was most unstable. The 8 hour immersion in denture cleanser caused significantly high sorption and solubility.

Fluoride retention in saliva following toothbrushing using different types of fluoridated dentifrices containing 1500 ppm F of NaF and MFP

PurposeThis crossover study was carried out to evaluate the influence of two different types of fluoridated dentifrices containing sodium fluoride (NaF) and sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) on salivary fluoride levels after toothbrushing. MethodsEight consenting individuals (average age 36.4 years) brushed their teeth in the same manner using a paste type of dentifrices (0.5 g) containing 1500 ppm F. Following toothbrushing for 2 min, they spat out once and rinsed their mouths with 15 mL of distilled water for 5 s. Resting saliva samples were collected for 3 min each at different time intervals; 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120 min, and 180 min following the mouth rinsing. Fluoride concentrations in saliva samples were determined using a fluoride ion specific electrode. Then we compared those of dentifrices, in regard to salivary fluoride concentrations in each individual. The area under the curve (AUC) of fluoride was calculated using a graph on which the horizontal base line represents sampling time and the vertical scale represents fluoride concentration. ResultsStatistical differences (p < 0.05) were shown in the fluoride concentrations [ppm, mean ± standard deviation (SD)] between NaF and MFP dentifrices at 5 min, 10 min, 60 min, 120 min, and 180 min after the rinsing. The AUC (ppm･minute, mean ± SD) during the whole experimental period showed statistical differences (p < 0.05) between NaF (49.5 ± 26.4) and MFP (24.6 ± 8.5). ConclusionThe results indicated that the NaF type of dentifrice retains more fluoride in saliva than that of MFP.

Comparison of the Elderly and the Young about the Number of Swallows during Nighttime Sleep and Resting Saliva or Swallowing Reflex While Awake

Comparison of the Elderly and the Young about the Number of Swallows during Nighttime Sleep and Resting Saliva or Swallowing Reflex While Awake

Correlation of Parotid Gland Function in Head and Neck Cancer Patients treated with Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy

ABSTRACTXerostomia is one of the most common side effects after radiation therapy for treating head and neck cancers. Our objective was to evaluate the salivary flow in patients treated with Intensity-modulated radiotherapy with two samples: (a) Resting saliva and (b) stimulated saliva. We performed three salivary sample collections: At the beginning, during and immediately after radiotherapy. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in the whole resting (11.46%) and stimulated (15.06%) salivary flow values during the first 3 weeks of the radiotherapy (p = 0.0025, p = 0.0034 respectively).How to cite this articleKhosa SK, Vahanwala S, Pagare SS. Correlation of Parotid Gland Function in Head and Neck Cancer Patients treated with Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy. Int J Head and Neck Surg 2012;3(1):1-4.

Oral mucosal wetness in hypo- and normosalivators

After a person swallows, a film of residual saliva covers the oral hard- and soft-tissue surfaces. Here, the thickness of this film was measured at 11 selected mucosal surfaces on each side of the mouth (22 sites total) in two groups of dry-mouth and one group of normal individuals. Each group contained 25 individuals; one of the dry-mouth groups had resting flow rates ≤0.1 ml/min while the other and the normal had flow rates above that. Residual saliva thickness was determined by placing frying-pan-shaped filter-paper strips (Sialopaper™) against the mucosa at each site for 5 s and measuring the saliva volume collected with a modified Periotron 6000® micro-moisture meter; the thickness was then calculated by dividing the collected saliva volume by the strip area. The two groups with dry-mouth symptoms had mean resting (unstimulated) saliva flow rates of 0.04 and 0.19 ml/min and mean mucosal saliva thicknesses of 22.4 and 27.8 μm, respectively. The control group had a higher mean saliva flow rate of 0.39 ml/min and mucosal saliva thickness of 41.8 μm. As was observed in a previous study on normo salivators, the various sites had a characteristic pattern of wetness, with the hard palate and lips the least moist regions. In this study, these observations were also true in the two dry-mouth groups. Lower resting saliva flow rates were associated with lower mucosal thickness of saliva and with dryness symptoms becoming evident when hyposalivation was below about 0.1–0.2 ml/min. The characteristic pattern of mucosal wetness was not affected by saliva flow rate. As saliva readily collects in the floor of the mouth and is then spread over other mucosal surfaces upon swallowing, it was suggested that hyposalivation could also lead to the dryness symptoms because there was not enough saliva to cover the various oral surfaces, especially the palate and the lips. In this regard, a critical level of moisture was proposed as necessary to protect vulnerable mucosal surfaces from becoming dry. Lower resting saliva flow rates and correspondingly lower mucosal wetness were also associated with a more acidic salivary pH, which was shown earlier to be associated with lower dental plaque pH.

The collection and analysis of resting rat saliva

Resting saliva was collected from manually restrained unanaesthetised rats, using discs of filter paper which were weighed before and after absorbing saliva from the sublingual region. Samples were analysed after pooling and aqueous extraction. A wide range and positive skew distribution was found in the calcium, inorganic and total phosphate concentrations. The modal resting saliva concentrations of inorganic and total phosphate were lower than in man and that of total calcium higher. The mean resting saliva pH was 9.1. These results are not compatible with the suggestion that a low saturation with calcium phosphate is probably the basis for the observed difference between the effect of dietary phosphate supplements on human and rat caries.

The pH in Parotid and Mandibular Saliva

Summary. The author's micro method for the determination of pH in saliva (SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, 1945) is applied. It is found that: 1) Resting saliva can only be obtained when the person studied is sitting completely quiet. Even talking, mastication, coughing or anything like that causes a marked increase in the pH of saliva. 2) The pH of resting parotid saliva is remarkabley constant for the single person, not only during 24 hours, but also from day to day and from month to month. The pH of mandibular saliva does not show quite the same constancy, this is perhaps partly due to the technique employed. 3) The pH's of parotid saliva from 40 persons range from 5.45 to 6.06 (average 5.81). The pH's of mandibular salliva range from 6.02 to 7.14 (average 6.39). 4) Stimulation causes a considerable rise (up to two pH units) in the pH of the saliva. Gustatory, olfactory and mechanical stimuli were tried. Gustatory stimuli were found to have the strongest effect upon the pH.

Relation Between the Incidence of Dental Caries and the ph of nOrmal Resting Saliva

Relation Between the Incidence of Dental Caries and the ph of nOrmal Resting Saliva

Studies of the pH of Normal Resting Saliva

Studies of the pH of Normal Resting Saliva

Studies of the pH of Normal Resting Saliva. III. Effects of Vitamins A and D in School Children

Studies of the pH of Normal Resting Saliva. III. Effects of Vitamins A and D in School Children

Studies of the pH of Normal Resting Saliva

Studies of the pH of Normal Resting Saliva