Responsibility For Care Research Articles

Relational solidarity and conflicting ethics in dementia care in urban India.

Using the concept of relational solidarity, we examine how autonomy, equality, dignity, and personhood are practiced in the care of people living with dementia at home in urban India. Video interviews with 19 family carers and 25 health providers conducted in English, Hindi, and Kannada in Bengaluru between March to July 2022. Data were translated into English and thematically analyzed. Family carers and providers unanimously agreed that people with dementia should be respected and cared for. Concurrently, they perceived people with dementia as being 'like a kid' and used the analogy of a parent-child relationship to understand their care responsibilities. This analogy informed how ethical principles such as personhood and equality were reframed in the relationships between family carers and people with dementia, as well as how carers and providers maintained the safety but undermined the autonomy of people with dementia through restricting their movements inside and outside the home. There can be relational solidarity in dementia care at home in urban India but also contradictions in the interpretations and applications of the ethical principles of autonomy, equality, dignity, and personhood. As such, a more organic, grassroots model of ethical practice is needed to frame care and provide material support to families in India.

The Effect of Informal Caregiving on Depression: An Asymmetric Panel Fixed-Effects Analysis of In-Home and Out-Of-Home Caregivers Across Europe

ABSTRACT Previous research has shown that providing intensive informal care can have a negative effect on an individual’s mental health. However, few studies have been able to draw a precise comparison between the experiences of in-home and out-of-home caregivers. This study used data from 16 countries collected from 2011–2019 as part of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to conduct asymmetric panel fixed-effects models that examined within-person variation in depression scores after a respondent started providing daily or almost daily personal care either inside or outside of their home. The results substantiated previous findings that in-home caregivers experience more pronounced increases to their reported depressive symptoms after starting to provide daily personal care than do out-of-home caregivers. In addition, in-home caregivers in countries with greater governmental responsibility for long-term care provision (The Northern and Central Clusters) reported fewer increases to their depressive symptoms after starting to provide care than caregivers in countries where long-term care responsibility predominantly rests on families (The Southern and Eastern Cluster). Further, Northern Cluster countries most successfully shrank the pool of out-of-home care providers. Together, these findings underscore the context-specific nature of caregiver wellbeing.

Animating migration journeys from Colombia to Chile: expressing embodied experience through co-produced film

ABSTRACT This paper analyses the process of co-producing an animated film about the migration journeys of Colombian women resident in Antofagasta, Chile. It first establishes the relationship between feminist epistemologies and arts-based methodologies, which hinges on embodiment. It then turns to a detailed discussion of using film co-production as a research method for accessing and expressing embodied experiences of migration. This discussion highlights how moments of discomfort (Gokariksel, Hawkins, Neubert, and Smith, 2021) experienced by the researcher motivated the search for a more collaborative methodological approach that was better attuned to lived experience. This included striving towards more inclusive practices with respect to recruitment, anonymity, and confidentiality. Moments of discomfort also revealed how care and caring responsibilities are entangled with research, and how they gender possibilities of participation and production for community co-producers and artists, as well as for researchers. Finally, through discomfort, lessons were learned about the politics of representing experiences of migration, violence, and endurance, as well as joy. The paper concludes that, whilst by no means a panacea, collaborative arts-based research methods can offer an innovative toolset for exploring embodied experience and for navigating the relational and representational complexities attendant to research.

Personal and work-related factors associated with post-traumatic growth in nurses: A mixed studies systematic review.

Nurses, assuming a wide range of clinical and patient care responsibilities in a healthcare team, are highly susceptible to direct and indirect exposure to traumatic experiences. However, literature has shown that nurses with certain traits developed a new sense of personal strength in the face of adversity, known as post-traumatic growth (PTG). This review aimed to synthesize the best available evidence to evaluate personal and work-related factors associated with PTG among nurses. Mixed studies systematic review. Studies examining factors influencing PTG on certified nurses from all healthcare facilities were included. Published and unpublished studies were identified by searching 12 databases from their inception until 4th February 2023. Two reviewers independently screened, appraised, piloted a data collection form, and extracted relevant data. Meta-summary, meta-synthesis, meta-analysis, as well as subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Integration of results followed result-based convergent design. A total of 98 studies with 29,706 nurses from 18 countries were included. These included 49 quantitative, 42 qualitative, and seven mixed-methods studies. Forty-six influencing factors were meta-analyzed, whereas nine facilitating factors were meta-summarized. A PTG conceptual map was created. Four constructs emerged from the integration synthesis: (a) personal system, (b) work-related system, (c) event-related factors, and (d) cognitive transformation. The review findings highlighted areas healthcare organizations could do to facilitate PTG in nurses. Practical implications include developing intervention programs based on PTG facilitators. Further research should examine the trend of PTG and its dynamic response to different nursing factors. Research on trauma-focused therapies targeting nurses' mental health is lacking. Therefore, findings from this review could inform healthcare organizations on the PTG phenomenon and developing support measures for nurses through healthcare policies and clinical practice.

Challenges experienced by grandparents caring for AIDS orphans in the Western Cape province, South Africa

Background: There is limited understanding of the difficulties and experiences faced by grandparents who assume the responsibility of caring for AIDS orphans.Aim: The objective of the study was to investigate and depict the difficulties encountered by grandparents who provide care for AIDS orphans in the Western Cape province of South Africa.Setting: The study was conducted in the City of Cape Town Metropolitan and the Overberg Municipality.Methods: The study used qualitative approach with an exploratory-descriptive design. A purposive sampling technique was utilised to select 25 grandparents. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically using ATLAS.ti, version 7.Results: Financial difficulties, a lack of support, HIV and/or AIDS stigma, and dealing with rebellious teenagers were primary challenges affecting the well-being of grandparents.Conclusion: The study found that while financial challenges were significant, other factors such as poor family support contributed to the decline in the well-being of grandparents caring for AIDS orphans.Contribution: The study’s results can lead to improved public health programmes that address the identified challenges and health needs of grandparents providing care to AIDS orphans and the orphans under their care.

PERIODISATION OF CHANGES IN STATE FAMILY POLICY IN POLAND BETWEEN 1989 AND 2022

The subject of this article is the periodization of changes in the state family policy in Poland that took place in the years 1989–2022, in order to systematize on this basis the main directions, priorities and instruments of the title policy as well as the most significant events, activities and turning points in a given area. This analysis shows a multi-aspect perspective on the assessment of the evolution of family policy in Poland in the years 1989–2022. Indicates, among others: periods in which there was a significant expansion of the scope of state intervention in the functioning of the family, especially through a significant increase in expenditure on financial instruments, for example after 2015. However, the development of service and leave instruments is particularly important, which took place in particular in 2013 as part of the "Good climate for the family" program. Due to the low fertility rate, financial difficulties of many families and difficulties in combining child care responsibilities with paid work, family policy should be based to a greater extent on investments and social services.

Place of Humans in Creation: A Re-Reading of Psalm 8

The natural damage and global warming witnessed in the past two decades were forecasted over 50 years ago by the scholar Lynn White, who asserted that these environmental challenges stem from a misinterpretation of human dignity in the Holy Scripture. This paper commences with an exploration of White’s allegations, subsequently endeavoring to discern the authentic essence of human dignity from Psalm 8 and its positioning within the context of creation. The findings of this study underscore that a misapprehension of human dignity’s essence can indeed lead to errors in the stewardship of nature. Conversely, when human dignity is accurately understood, the positive outcome entails the vigilant and responsible care of the natural environment.

New reflections and strategies for social sustainability through the climate change crisis within inclusive participation and school

<p>The goal of this paper corresponds to a small theory on the discovery of the incorporation of climate action to go deeper regarding educational treatment. There is no search to raise awareness in the social community for educational inclusion on current environmental problems such as pollution, loss of biodiversity, and climate change, among others. Social inclusion on ecology and the new treatment of sustainability through practice that allows us to assume and strengthen the greatest responsibility for the environment, this is, notable and conscious, of course, the transversal programs within the environmental matter together with the inclusive school. This educational operation seeks to strengthen the practice of values that allow us to assume the greatest responsibility of caring for the environment in a notable and conscious way, of course, the transversal programs within the environmental field along with the participation of students with cultural-functional diversity. It is possible to debate the use of a modernized model for inclusive ecology to improve the structuring of the educational strategy, depending on the teaching and learning process of the inclusive school.<strong></strong></p>

Socially Responsible Surgical Care

Socially Responsible Surgical Care

Performance Determinants Of Sandwich Generation Employees At Work

This study investigates the performance determinants of sandwich generation employees, who face the dual responsibilities of caring for children and elderly parents while working. Role conflict, workload, and toxic productivity are explored as factors influencing performance. The research utilizes quantitative methods, employing regression analysis to examine the relationships between these variables and employee performance. Data collection is conducted through questionnaires distributed via Google Forms. The study focuses on the Badung Regency in Bali, a region with a significant economic presence. The population consists of sandwich generation individuals aged 30-60, residing and working in Badung Regency. The results indicate that role conflict, workload, and toxic productivity negatively impact employee performance. Additionally, job satisfaction is found to moderate the effects of role conflict, workload, and toxic productivity on performance, suggesting that higher job satisfaction can mitigate these negative influences. The findings provide insights into the challenges faced by sandwich generation employees and highlight the importance of addressing these factors to enhance performance in the workplace.

Discovering the Contributions of Academic Wives to the Development of Labour Law: Liesel Kahn-Freund

Abstract This article’s starting point is a strand of historical and sociological studies literature on ‘academic wives’ which reveals the social and, above all, unpaid labour that facilitated an academic career up until the mid-twentieth century. The article then draws on primary and secondary sources in order to trace the life of Otto Kahn-Freund’s wife, Elisabeth (Liesel) Kahn-Freund. We suggest that Liesel was an indispensable facilitator of her husband’s career. She provided valuable scholarly and intellectual support; by taking on responsibility for domestic tasks and care responsibilities, she gave her husband uninterrupted time and space to build his network, travel internationally, and, perhaps most importantly, concentrate on and pursue his research. In doing so, she, and many like her, played a significant albeit largely unrecognised role in the creation of labour law as we now know it. A better understanding of the labour performed by an “academic wife” provides a more nuanced picture of where labour law has come from and the factors that went into its creation. It also encourages labour law scholars to re-evaluate what kind of labour is recognised as part of labour law and is the focus of future labour law scholarship.

Soothing dementia carers: A pilot evaluation of an imagery-based wellbeing app feature to support family carers of people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented risks to the health of people living with dementia. Confinement to their homes and extra pressure on the health and social care system, left people with dementia and their carers with reduced access to care services. Accordingly, family carers assumed more caring responsibilities and faced a greater risk of social isolation and loneliness, negatively affecting their mental wellbeing. In response, we developed a new imagery-based feature called Project Soothe within an existing app, CogniCare, which aimed to support the wellbeing of family carers looking after someone with dementia at home. Methods This new feature aimed to test the utility of our previous research which has shown that viewing soothing images has positive mood benefits on users. In this pilot, we examined the usage of the Project Soothe feature over a one-year period. Results Our results indicate the feasibility of the imagery-based app feature as we found that most users found viewing the soothing images to have a positive influence on their mood. Conclusions This finding illustrates feasibility of this imagery-based wellbeing app in this population of interest, and suggests that, upon further replication and research, the Project Soothe feature within the CogniCare app has potential to be developed as a digital wellbeing tool for family carers of people with dementia.

Sleep quality during and after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) lockdowns in the UK: Results from the SleepQuest study.

Sleep is fundamental to health. The aim of this study was to analyse and determine factors predicting sleep quality during and after national lockdowns due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) in the UK. A longitudinal online survey-based study (SleepQuest) involving UK adults was administered in Spring 2020, Winter 2020, and Winter 2022 including questionnaires probing sleep quality, depression, anxiety, beliefs about sleep, demographics, COVID-19 status, and exercise. The primary outcome was sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). A linear mixed-effects model evaluated factors associated with baseline and longitudinal sleep quality. Complete data were provided by 3306 participants in Spring 2020, 2196 participants in Winter 2020, and 1193 in Winter 2022. Participants were mostly female (73.8%), white (97.4%), and aged over 50 years (81.0%). On average, participants reported poor sleep quality in Spring 2020 (mean [SD] Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score = 6.59 [3.6]) and Winter 2020 (mean [SD] Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score = 6.44 [3.6]), with improved but still poor sleep quality in Winter 2022 (mean [SD] Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score = 6.17 [3.5]). Improved sleep quality was driven by better subjective sleep and reduced daytime dysfunction and sleep latency. Being female, older, having caring responsibilities, working nightshifts, and reporting higher levels of depression, anxiety, and unhelpful beliefs about sleep were associated with worse baseline PSQI scores. Better sleep quality was associated with more days exercising per week at baseline. Interventions focusing on improving mental health, exercise, and attitudes towards sleep, particularly in at-risk groups, may improve sleep-related outcomes in future pandemics.

The Future of Women in Technology : Challenges and Recommendations

When only women turn up to a panel on challenges for women in technology, how do we then reach out to industry, academia and government to encourage them to listen to the current challenges experienced by women in tech. Technology is rapidly changing and we are seeing women disadvantaged by less training opportunities, lack of role models, perceived penalties for taking time off to have children or discharge caring responsibilities as well as the risk that their jobs are subject to more automation. Multiple workshops at the Institute of Science and Technology highlighted significant challenges for women in tech, the data from our empirical study illustrates these challenges in detail. With the workplace still male dominated and the landscape changing rapidly, women have a significant role to play and we need to ensure that role is not only facilitated but the existing challenges are mitigated. This is a discussion paper with empirical data that illustrates challenges currently experienced by women in tech and how we can move forward to ensure not only equal opportunity but remove some of the challenges currently experienced. In this paper we have not considered the same impact on men who take career breaks for reasons of caring responsibilities.

Confronting Conundrums of Care in College Student Advising

At colleges and universities throughout the United States, academic advisors play a central role in stemming the tide of declining student enrollment and academic underachievement—especially in the wake of academic, physical, emotional, and interpersonal setbacks incurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. For many undergraduates, the mentoring relationship with their academic advisor provides the longest lasting and deepest connection with a faculty or staff member throughout their college experience. Increasingly, the expectations that institutions and students place on academic advisors have escalated far beyond simply guiding course selection and checking fulfillment of graduation requirements. While this more holistic approach to advising can cultivate a greater sense of belonging, it also places the advisors in a precarious position as the parameters of their responsibilities and the extent of caregiving continue to broaden. The ever-expanding expectations of caregiving placed on college academic advisors exemplify how pandemic-informed labor practices across many workplaces inadequately acknowledge caregivers while the care recipients may become overly dependent. This study investigates how advising evolves to become an extrapolation of the caregiving demands socially placed upon women in traditional, patriarchally structured families and workplaces. Using methods derived from critical incident theory that identify systemic crisis points and opportunities for intervention, the authors examine narratives of two women who serve as the lead advisors for their departments in southeastern United States universities. Their narratives delineate two double binds. First, the presumably bottomless reservoir of care demanded from women places nurturance of students in tension with career advancement and other care responsibilities (e.g., self and family). Second, setting boundaries to caregiving may generate accusations of insensitivity, but boundless care can accommodate and encourage learned helplessness among students. The investigation concludes with suggestions to reform institutional policies and build student resilience that equips them to learn independently.

Profile of Irish female GPs and factors affecting long-term commitment: a descriptive study.

Over the last two decades, many countries have reported an increased percentage of females in the general practice workforce. Considering the importance of general practice workforce planning, it is necessary to investigate the current working patterns of female GPs. To describe the female GP workforce in Ireland and to investigate factors that may impact their long-term commitment to general practice. Descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted with female GPs in Ireland. A 'Membership survey' was emailed to 1985 female GPs in November 2021. In total 345 female GPs responded, providing a response rate of 17.4%. The study revealed that a majority of the female GP workforce in Ireland worked in the position of the GP principal (62.3%), but also provided OOH services (65%), and undertook caring responsibilities (85%). In total 52% of the respondents disclosed having at least one paid additional role, mainly in the field of academia and teaching. Most female GPs worked less than eight clinical sessions a week (80.5%). GPs who held GMS contracts (73.0%) were significantly more likely to work more clinical sessions a week and had been longer employed in general practices (>5 years), in comparison with GPs who do not have GMS contracts. Irish female GPs demonstrated a significant adjustment of their working patterns, including reducing the number of clinical sessions and balancing between additional roles, to ensure their long-term commitment to general practice. Current practices and vision on GP roles must be recognised and supported to allow for adequate workforce planning.

Stretching and cracking: becoming feminist posthumanist scholars in music education

ABSTRACT How and why did three PhD fellows become feminist posthumanist scholars within the field of music education research? Drawing on Karen Barad’s theorising of phenomena, not pre-existing entities, as the primary ontological unit and on Rosi Braidotti’s concept of the nomadic subject, we explore our research subjectivities as they are becoming in and through relations within the phenomenon of Western music education. Through the figuration of ‘voice’, we trace how and why our research voices stretch and crack as we go through a scholarly voice change transitioning from humanist to feminist posthumanist scholars. We tell performative stories that intra-actively take part in the ongoing re-configuring of the world, making matters such as children, care responsibilities, and ‘feminist killjoys’ become issues of music educational importance. Our aim is to offer companionship to others be(com)ing posthumanists, and to stretch the boundaries of music education research and practice.

Exploring mental health problems and support needs among pregnant and parenting teenagers in rural areas Of Limpopo, South Africa

BackgroundGlobally, teenage pregnancy is among the most social problems, affecting 21 million adolescents aged 15–19. Due to the increased responsibility of prenatal and postnatal care for their infants without support, pregnant and parenting teenagers, tend to experience mental health problems. Factors contributing to these problems among pregnant and parenting teenagers in rural African settings have hardly received scholarly attention and, therefore, are less understood. The purpose of the study was to explore mental health and challenges among pregnant and parenting teenagers,.Method(s)The study adopted a qualitative descriptive, exploratory, and phenomenological design. Purposive sampling was used to select 22 pregnant and parenting teenagers 18 years or older. Data were collected in ten selected clinics within the Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSS) of DIMAMO and analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe findings reveal that pregnant and parenting teenagers in rural areas experience various mental challenges such as depression. These challenges are caused by social problems such as stigmatisation, lack of support from families and friends, as well as parenting demands that contribute to poor progress at school or dropouts. Pregnant teens expressed concerns about the lack of spousal support resulting from abandoning their partners.ConclusionsStress and depression were self-reported as mental problems among participants with various psychosocial implications, such as school dropout and miscarriage. There are various contributing factors to the mental health problems identified among pregnant and parenting teenagers, including inadequate family and spousal support. Access to integrated reproductive, psychosocial, and mental health services could be essential for these pregnant and parenting teenagers, to improve their mental well-being and improve the support system.

First Level of Health Care: The Autonomous Role of Nurses

Introduction: Although nursing autonomy is advancing with national legislation towards a competency-based approach, a positivist vision centered on biomedical aspects persists, limiting comprehensive care. Despite training and experience, role conflicts and oppression by the medical team persist, impeding freedom of decision and leading to job dissatisfaction.Objective: To analyze the professional autonomy of nurses in type A, B and C health centers at the first level of care in Health District 09D04 - Febres Cordero.Method: Qualitative, descriptive, and dialectical approach, based on the perceptions of nursing professionals about their autonomy in Health District 09D04.Results: The perception of autonomy in the first level of health care is limited, under pressure and subject to demanding schedules. There are restrictions imposed by parameters and regulations, although benefits such as quality care and educational responsibility are recognized. Legal limitations, lack of support and restrictions affecting nurses' autonomy are also identified.Conclusions: To empower nurses, a series of measures are required at both the practical and educational levels. These include the implementation of laws that support their autonomy, ongoing training, the promotion of a favorable work environment, and the strengthening of their educational background with a focus on leadership and solution-finding skills.

The responsibility and action of corporations for the development of 0-3 years old children’s childcare services in China

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the necessity of promoting national childcare development and establishing corporation childcare within the context of China’s low fertility rate. It emphasizes the significance of traditional Chinese cultural values as foundational elements for promoting corporation childcare initiatives and their growth. It examines the evolving responsibilities of corporations in China’s childcare development amidst varying government policies over time. Given the increasing innovation and responsibility among Chinese corporations. the article categorizes three modes of corporation childcare based on current trends: corporation self-built childcare, collaborative childcare with third parties, and embedded childcare. It advocates for customized childcare services, nurturing the happiness of children, fostering parent-child interactions, building childcare brands, and creating a conducive business environment tailored to each mode. Building these modes, the paper offers recommendations across five dimensions: customizing childcare services, supporting the joyful upbringing of young children, promoting parent-child interaction, branding childcare facilities, fostering a conducive business environment, aiming to establish a comprehensive corporation childcare network. Lastly, the paper explores future development prospects, focusing on promoting the expansion driven by corporation childcare, addressing homogenization among corporation childcare facilities, considering the integration of elderly and childcare to leverage the experience of the elderly and fulfill social responsibilities in elder care.