Resource Entities Research Articles

The Battleship Approach to the Low Resource Entity Matching Problem

Entity matching, a core data integration problem, is the task of deciding whether two data tuples refer to the same real-world entity. Recent advances in deep learning methods, using pre-trained language models, were proposed for resolving entity matching. Although demonstrating unprecedented results, these solutions suffer from a major drawback as they require large amounts of labeled data for training, and, as such, are inadequate to be applied to low resource entity matching problems. To overcome the challenge of obtaining sufficient labeled data we offer a new active learning approach, focusing on a selection mechanism that exploits unique properties of entity matching. We argue that a distributed representation of a tuple pair indicates its informativeness when considered among other pairs. This is used consequently in our approach that iteratively utilizes space-aware considerations. Bringing it all together, we treat the low resource entity matching problem as a Battleship game, hunting indicative samples, focusing on positive ones, through awareness of the latent space along with careful planning of next sampling iterations. An extensive experimental analysis shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art active learning solutions to low resource entity matching, and although using less samples, can be as successful as state-of-the-art fully trained known algorithms.

Does survey branding matter for human dimensions of natural resources research? A case study of university- and government-branded surveys

ABSTRACT Governmental natural resource entities often use surveys to gather information from the public about wildlife management and conservation policies. Response rate is a metric for understanding how many individuals participate in a survey. Higher response rates can reduce costs and sampling effort and improve the reliability and generalizability of survey findings. However, response rates may be negatively influenced by a distrust in government. Our study evaluated if response rates would differ based on the survey sponsor. We sent a survey to hunters in Georgia, USA that contained either university or governmental agency branding. Response rates did not differ among the two surveys and sentiment analysis of open-ended responses revealed that sentiments of respondents were similar between groups. Although these results suggest branding might not have major impacts on responses, further investigation is needed to determine the effect of sponsorship and other influential factors that both enhance and diminish response rates.

The Use of Knowledge Correlation for Classification and Evaluation of a Distance Education Teaching Resource Database


 Teaching information resource database is an important part of distance education in schools. Understanding the classification and characteristics of teaching resources in teaching information resource database can help teachers to search teaching resources more pertinently and make better use of these resources in actual teaching. Therefore, this article studies the classification and evaluation of distance education teaching resource database based on knowledge network. Combining the LSTM model and the conditional random field model, the resource entities that the target resource design knowledge points refer to are extracted from the resource text string of the teaching resource database. The resource entities that the extracted knowledge point refer to are matched and correlated with other resource entities related to the knowledge point in the teaching resource database, so as to realize the link of resource entities in the teaching resource database based on the concept of knowledge points. Starting with the feature extraction of resource text, this article innovates the resource classification algorithm of teaching resource database, and shows the new algorithm flow of feature extraction of resource text. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the model.

Drivers of support for citizen science across state wildlife management agencies in the United States.

Citizen science (CS) is gaining recognition as a valuable approach to meet data needs for environmental projects while fostering collaboration between scientists and members of the public. Despite increasing implementation of CS by natural resource entities, organizations' motivations for engaging in CS remain poorly understood. We examined the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and social exchange theory (SET) in identifying factors influencing support of CS by scientific organizations. To test predictions of the TPB and SET theories, we surveyed (quantitative, web based) state wildlife agency staff in the United States on their perceptions of organizational engagement in CS. We divided questions that measured TPB items into individual and organizational components to address the influence of personal- and organization-level decision-making on staff perceptions and attitudes. We used structural equation modeling to identify key constructs that influence staff support of CS in state wildlife agencies. The survey yielded 627 responses across 44 states. Both TPB and SET constructs accurately predicted staff support of CS; however, measures from SET (e.g., public engagement benefits and costs of CS to scientific credibility) were most influential (i.e., TPB constructs had less impact). Our findings indicate that organizational support for CS is primarily influenced by assessment of trade-offs among perceived costs and benefits. Indicators of support for CS were further elucidated by including measures from the TPB model. Based on our results, we suggest that natural resource entities give careful consideration to CS project design, develop thorough communication and data management plans, and practice iterative evaluation of CS project productivity.

Research on Resource Allocation Method of Integrated Avionics System considering Fault Propagation Risk

The integrated modular avionics (IMA) system has coupled cross-linked support characteristics between physical resource entities and logical functions, and the existing resource allocation methods, which mainly consider system performance and resource utilization, do not consider the associated impact of fault propagation among resource entities. Aiming at the fault propagation risk in the resource allocation process of the IMA system, a hierarchical model of the IMA system is established. The fault propagation behavior caused by coupling association during the physical realization of the function layer logical architecture is analyzed, and the impact of different resource allocation methods on the fault propagation behavior is determined. Secondly, resource capacity constraints are established according to the resource requirement for hosted function, and the fault propagation risk model of the IMA system is constructed by considering the fault propagation impact factor, the relative importance of nodes, and the function safety criticality. The resource allocation method is evaluated according to the fault propagation risk model, and a heuristic algorithm is applied to optimize the resource allocation method of the IMA system. The simulation results show that the average propagation probability of the optimized resource allocation scheme decreases by 17.4%, and the overall fault propagation risk of the resource network decreases by 50.3%, indicating that the proposed resource allocation method can effectively improve the safety of the IMA system.

Integrated data-model-knowledge representation for natural resource entities

ABSTRACT The unified management and planning of national or provincial natural resources distributed both aboveground and underground have become increasingly important. Accurate depictions of natural resource elements and their interactions are key to achieving integrated and systematic management of natural resources. However, current spatiotemporal data models are based only on data descriptions, attribute records, and other model knowledge of a more general basis, without intuitively describing relationships between these elements and natural resources. This paper, therefore, proposes an integrated data-model-knowledge representation model to explicitly describe the time, space, and interaction of natural resource entities through an integrated knowledge graph. First, this study constructs a conceptual model using the aspects of semantics, scale, and data-model-knowledge, thereby explicitly describing the relationships of natural resources. Second, a logical model of natural resource representation is proposed, that is integrated with time, space, attributes, and relationships. Finally, taking the management of water resources as an example, this paper realizes the meticulous presentation of the levels of detail and rich semantic relations of natural resource entities. The findings of this study lay the foundation for a more efficient, precise, and lucid perception of the distribution laws and complicated interactional relationships of natural resources, both aboveground and underground.

A Decision Support System for Marine Regulation

The implementation of marine spatial data management and decision support based on GIS provides a powerful tool for marine regulation. This study constructed a three-dimensional spatiotemporal data model of marine resources that is hierarchical, partitioned, and classified according to the management principle of using an underground resource layer, surface matrix layer, surface overburden layer, and management layer, taking the marine resource entity as the unit. Key research topics include marine multi-source information integration, visual expression, and spatiotemporal topology analysis for typical application scenarios such as sea area use, island development and utilization, and marine environmental monitoring and protection. The study developed a marine information decision support system with comprehensive integration and visual analysis of information on maritime islands, early warning and monitoring, the marine economy, and the marine environment. The system was applied to dynamic regulation of sea area use, spatiotemporal characteristic analysis of marine resources, the regulation of human activities in marine protected areas, and the monitoring of sea level rise. Practice has proved that a three-dimensional spatiotemporal data model of marine resources can meet the application requirements of “One Map”, the basic land and spatial information platform.

Investigation on industrial dataspace for advanced machining workshops: enabling machining operations control with domain knowledge and application case studies

The machining processes on the advanced machining workshop floor are becoming more sophisticated with the interdependent intrinsic processes, generation of ever-increasing in-process data and machining domain knowledge. To manage and utilize those above effectively, an industrial dataspace for machining workshop (IDMW) is presented with a three-layer framework. The IDMW architecture is Schema Centralized–Data Distributed, which relies on Process-Workpiece-Centric knowledge schema description and data storage in decentralized data silos. Subsequently, the pre-processing method for the data silos driven by RFID event graphical deduction model is elaborated to associate decentralized data with knowledge schema. Furthermore, through two industrial case studies, it is found that IDMW is effective in managing heterogeneous data, interconnecting the resource entities, handling domain knowledge, and thereby enabling machining operations control on the machining workshop floor particularly.

Design and Implementation of an Escape Analysis in the Context of Safety-Critical Embedded Systems

The use of a managed, type-safe language such as Standard ML, Ada Ravenscar, or Java in hard real-time and embedded systems offers productivity, safety, and dependability benefits at a reasonable cost. Static software systems, that is systems in which all relevant resource entities such as threads and their priorities, for instance, and the entire source code are known ahead of time, are particularly interesting for the deployment in safety-critical embedded systems: Code verification is rather maintainable in contrast to dynamic systems. Additionally, static analyses can incorporate information from all software and system layers to assist compilers in emitting code that is well suited to an application on a particular hardware device. It was shown in the past that a program composed in type-safe Java in combination with a static system setup can be as efficient as one that is written in C [30], which is still the most widely used language in the embedded domain. Escape analysis (EA) is one of several static-analysis techniques. It supports, for instance, runtime efficiency by enabling automated stack allocation of objects. In addition, Stilkerich et al. [27, 28] have argued that EA enables further applications in safety-critical embedded systems such as the computation of memory classes stated in the Real-Time Specification for Java (RTSJ) [6]. EA can be applied to any programming language but the quality of its results greatly benefits from the properties of a type-safe language. Notably, embedded multicore devices can positively be affected by the use of EA. Thus, we explore an ahead-of-time (AOT) escape analysis in the context of the KESO JVM featuring a Java AOT compiler targeting (deeply) embedded (hard) real-time systems.

Multi-agent systems negotiation to deal with dynamic scheduling in disturbed industrial context

It is now accepted that using multi-agent systems improve the reactivity to treat perturbation(s) within flexible manufacturing system. Intelligent algorithms shall be used to address these perturbation(s) and all smart decision entities within their environment have to continuously negotiate until their common and final goal is achieved. This paper proposes a negotiation-based control approach to deal with variability on a manufacturing system. It has initially formulated and modeled an environment in which all contributing entities or agents operate, communicate, and interact with each other productively. Then after, simulation and applicability implementation experiments on the basis of full-sized academic experimental platform have been conducted to validate the proposed control approach. Product and resource entities negotiate considering different key performance measures in order to set best priority-based product sequencing. This has been done with expectations that the applicability of the negotiation-based decision-making will be more adaptable to deal with perturbation(s) than another alternative decision-making approach called pure reactive control approach. The result showed that negotiation among the decisional entities has brought significant improvement in reducing makespan and hence conveyed better global performance of a manufacturing system.

Technical development in networks. The importance of third parties

A number of recent studies have emphasised the importance of inter-organisational relationships with regard to technical development. Drawing on the recognition that neither single firms nor individual relationships can be analysed in isolation, we focus in this paper on the importance of third parties for the development of a relationship. That is, every relationship is assumed to be connected to other relationships and thus to various third parties. The analysis is based on a case study and focused on interdependency among resource entities. These resource entities are categorised into products, facilities, business units and relationships. The conclusions are twofold. Firstly, the characteristics of third party impact have been found to be partial, un-symmetrical and non-proportional. Secondly, we show that the value of a relationship for the involved companies is highly dependent upon connections to third parties.

Start-ups initiating business relationships: process and asymmetry

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of how start-ups initiate business relationships and to identify the subprocesses that characterise business-relationship initiations in a start-up context.Design/methodology/approachThe paper builds on business-relationship initiation models, develops a theoretical framework of relationship initiation and its subprocesses and, in a multiple-case study, applies this framework to seven relationship initiations by start-ups.FindingsThe key findings of this study describe the process of business-relationship initiation by start-ups, which comprise six subprocesses. The authors’ detailed and structured initiation-process analyses show how the initiation process occurs in a start-up context and how start-ups develop their relationships. The authors’ analyses also reveal typical patterns and critical issues, such as asymmetry, that characterise start-ups’ business-relationship initiations, particularly with bigger players.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper develops a model of the relationship-initiation process, uses it in a start-up context and identifies the critical characteristics, including asymmetry, of start-up initiations; these contributions address both the literature on start-ups and the literature on relationship initiation and development.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to focus on how start-ups initiate business relationships; previous studies of business-relationship initiation have focussed on mature firms. Using the industrial marketing and purchasing approach, the paper contributes to shifting the focus from interactions between resource entities to relationship-initiation processes in the context of start-ups.

Natural resource management in an energy‐constrained future in the United States

ABSTRACTThe plenary theme at the 2008 annual conference of The Wildlife Society was, “Thriving within limits: toward a scenario of hope.” Wildlife professionals are still grappling with how wildlife management relates to sustainability as global limits, especially energy, become more obvious in affecting resource management. “Sustainability” as used in this paper is derived from the commonly cited, Brundtland Report definition of sustainable development as, “…development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Further, it is activity that simultaneously addresses the interlinked aspects of economy, environment, and social well‐being. To be effective in the future, natural resources agencies and organizations (NGOs) will be compelled to 1) reduce energy use by increasing efficiency of unavoidable uses and reducing optional energy uses; 2) anticipate how energy costs will affect resource use by various stakeholders; and 3) mitigate climate change by reducing combustion processes and thereby greenhouse gases. Because of their fundamental missions, natural resource entities have a special obligation to employ exemplary conservation practices. Challenges are great, but opportunities are significant. Higher fuel costs will constrain some management practices, but may limit further development of more rural and underdeveloped lands, thereby reducing habitat fragmentation and often wildlife damage complaints. Will energy costs promote smaller vehicles, reduction of some management practices, greater focus on recreational areas closer to population centers, consolidation of offices with other entities, and more video‐conferencing of meetings? Will wildlife management be effectively integrated into landscapes where energy crops are produced along with food and where “life‐cycle analysis” measures the full ecological footprint of land management? Agencies and NGOs can partner with stakeholders to design landscape use that is more sustainable (less pollution, conserving of energy and soil, more biologically diverse), provides better connections to nature, and enhances overall resource conservation. Educational institutions have a critical role because they are instrumental in preparing future resource managers. © 2014 The Wildlife Society. © 2014 The Wildlife Society.

A Model for Trust Propagation in Internetware Based on Complex Networks Theory

To solve the problem of trust measurement in internetware resource entities, this paper presented a model for resource trust propagation based on complex network properties, meanwhile, it introduced trust evaluation mechanism used fuzzy set theory, fully considered the features of hierarchical trust propagation, and emphasized on characteristics of adaptability, robustness and resource-saving in modeling.

Analytical target cascading-enabled optimal configuration platform for production service systems

Production service system (PnSS) is a new business mode where a manufacturer obtains manufacturing resources in the form of continuous production services instead of resource entities. This new mode helps reduce the setup costs and technical/financial risks of production resources while ensuring their life cycle service levels. Industrial product service system advocates the servitisation of production facilities and has evolved into a successful and mature type of PnSS. This article proposes a PnSS framework that expands the scope of production services to include component services, i.e. suppliers provide not only the component entities but also a series of services related to the components' stocking, assembling and even consuming, to their customers along the supply chain. A systematic PnSS configuration (PnSSC) methodology and the enabling platform are developed based on a newly extended analytical target cascading (ATC) method. As ATC accommodates heterogeneous sub-system integration and multi-level problem solving, the methodologies are able to address the typical challenges that a practical component service PnSSC process normally faces, such as distributed decision rights, uncertain decision structure and short decision period. Due to the similar and normally simplified configuration requirements, this methodology and platform are also both generic enough to be applied or adapted for PnSS of other production resources.

Domain-Based Trust Evaluation Strategy for Manufacturing Grid

In manufacturing grid, trust management is the core component, which is associated with resource sharing, role assignment etc. How to compute and evaluate the recommended trust is very important for cooperation among resource entities coming from different domains. In order to resolve the problem, a two-layer domain structure is constructed to organize the distributed cross-domain cooperation and the corresponding trust value evaluation algorithm is designed based on the structure. At last, an application prototype is developed to show the validity and the practicability of the proposed method.

Robustness in adaptative Holonic Multiagent Systems : the Open-Control concept

Abstract MAS are particularly pertinent to deal with distributed and dynamic environment. The management of business workflow, of flexible manufacturing systems are typically some examples of problems where the use of MAS is a actual benefit. Indeed, this kind of application requires a robust and flexible control of data to face with changes on the network. In the context of FMS, where products and resources entities can be seen as active, this paper presents the open-control concept and gives an example of its instantiation with holonic scheme. The open-control concept proposed in this paper exhibits the classic explicit control, as well as an innovative type of control called implicit control that allows system entities of being influenced autonomously via an Optimization Mechanism (OM). We illustrate our proposition by an implementation on a flexible assembly cell in our university.

Improving Public Participation in Resource Protection: Case Studies in North-Central Idaho

Public involvement in resource protection is necessary for many resource entities and initiatives, yet public response is often confrontational, apathetic or non-existent. An alternative process that promotes greater ownership and involvement in planning was offered to participants within the existing state water protection planning guidelines leading to state plan certification. Four rural, traditionally independent north-central Idaho communities located within an Indian Reservation participated in a water protection planning study. Case studies suggest willingness and preference on the part of communities to use government data, technical expertise and recommendations when given control of the planning process. This work provides new information on improving community involvement within existing regulatory frameworks.

REA Modeling of Mining Companies

ABSTRACT: This research paper applies the resource-event-agent (REA) framework to model the unique patterns, in both the REA accountability and policy infrastructures, of the mining enterprise domain. A unique resource in this domain is the mineral resource (MinResc), and the acquisition and development of MinResc to prepare it for the mining conversion process requires a unique information acquisition event to create and expand an information resource entity. The physical mineral deposit entity set and the intangible information entity set are thus aggregated into a more abstract and more valuable MinResc resource. The aggregation of a physical resource and an intangible information resource into a more certain and more valuable physical resource is an extension of the REA ontology that has applications in enterprise domains outside of mining.

Framework and Modeling of Networked Manufacturing for Automobile Die

To improve the collaboration efficiency of the networked manufacturing coalition for automobile die enterprise, the networked manufacturing system framework is put forward. Then the information model, resource model and organization structure model are studied one of the other. The information model contains three layers lengthways and the product lifecycle is divided into 5 stages on landscape; for the resource model, the resource is classified and described, the relationship between resource entities is analyzed. The participants of each member enterprise are grouped according to the task relevance in organization structure model, and collaborative discussion center is constructed for the participants to communicate. On the basis, the workflow model is then discussed, the activity in business process is described with UML, then the UML activity diagram is transformed to Petri net graph, thus the workflow model can be diagnosed and analyzed.