Resource Development Activities Research Articles

Linking ship-associated emissions and resource development in the Arctic: Trends and predictions along the Northern Sea Route

Arctic ship traffic has increased significantly due to continuous sea ice loss and resource extraction. The shipping sector is an important contributor to atmospheric emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur dioxide (SO2), and an increase in ship activity will lead to significant increases in these emissions. However, there is a lack of studies linking ship activities and the associated emissions with recent Arctic resource development activities. This study aims to assess the relationship between sector-specific developments (fishing, tourism, trade, oil, gas, mining, and “others”) and ship traffic, and the associated emissions from 2013 to 2023 along the Northern Sea Route (NSR), using time series analysis and linear regression. In addition, the relationships were further used to predict future ship-associated emissions by 2030, utilizing a combination of regression models and Holt-Winters’ trend and seasonal forecast. Results showed a 61% increase in distance travelled, 115% increase in NOx emissions, and 68% increase in SO2 emissions from 2013 to 2023. A strong positive linear relationship between oil and gas production and the ship-associated emissions of NOx and SO2 was found, with a coefficient of determination as high as 0.97. The oil sector emerged as the largest contributor to emissions from 2017 onward. Projections indicate that NOx and SO2 emissions will be more than doubled, reaching 12,400 and 1200 tonnes, respectively, by 2030, of which the oil sector accounts for 45 and 61% of the total emissions. This highlights the need for further emissions reduction measures, especially with expanding Arctic oil projects, in order to mitigate the environmental impact of increased resource-driven shipping along the NSR.

Human Resource Development Strategy in an Effort to Increase Employee Performance at PT. Pas Global Teknologi

This research aims to determine Human Resource Development in improving employee performance at PT Pas Global Teknologi. This type of qualitative research is used as a method in this research. The resource persons in this research were 5 employees. The data was collected through interview techniques, observation and preparation of documentation. Or it can be done using triangulation techniques, namely combining various techniques and all existing data sources. The research concluded with the result that training and human resource development activities at PT Pas Global Teknologi were carried out according to the work needs of each individual. The results of the research are (1) PT Pas Global Teknologi has made efforts to develop Human Resources to improve employee performance. The human resource development carried out by PT Pas Global Teknologi includes training, guidance and socialization between employees which is carried out for informal evaluation, namely by sharing sessions regarding employees and company team heads. (2) The performance of PT Pas Global Teknologi employees is good, this can be seen from employees who understand and carry out their duties and responsibilities at work. There are several factors to improve employee performance, namely appropriate salary or incentives, providing motivation from leaders, physical and spiritual health of employees, and good relationships between employees

Integrated approach for groundwater potential exploration in Abbay River Basin, East Africa

This paper presents and examines groundwater potential zones with the help of remote sensing and GIS methods for controlling and investigating the geospatial data of each parameter. Groundwater is a very important source for water supply and others, considering its availability, quality, cost, and time-effectiveness to develop. It is virtually everywhere and yet variable in quantity. Because of several conditions, such as rapid population growth, urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural development, groundwater sources are under severe threat. Climate change plays an important role in the quality and quantity of groundwater potential. In addition, climate change severely affects parameters that influence groundwater recharge. Unreliable exploitation and poor quality of surface water resources tend to increase the decline in groundwater levels. Hence, it is necessary to identify groundwater potential zones that can be used to optimize and monitor groundwater resources. This study was conducted in the Abbay River Basin and identifies the location of groundwater potential for developing new supplies that could be used for a range of purposes in the study area, where groundwater serves as the main source for agricultural purposes rather than surface water. Seven selected parameters—lineament density, precipitation, geology, drainage density, land use, slope, and soil data—were collected, processed, resampled, projected, and reclassified for hydrological analysis. For the generation of groundwater zones, weightage was calculated using an analytical hierarchy method, reclassified, ranked, and overlaid with GIS. The obtained results of weightage were lineament density (37%), precipitation (30%), geology (14%), drainage density (7%), land use land cover (5%), slope (4%), and soil (3%). The consistency ratio estimated for this study was 0.089, which was acceptable for further analysis. Based on the integration of all thematic layers and the generated groundwater potential zones, the map was reclassified into five different classes, namely very good, good, moderate, poor, and very poor. The results of this study reveal that 1295.33 km2 of the study area can be considered very poor, 58,913.1 km2 is poor, 131,323 km2 is moderate, 18,557 km2 is good, and 311.5 km2 is very good. Any groundwater management project performed in the better regions would offer the greatest value. A similar study would be valuable before planning any water resource development activity, as this would save the expense of comprehensive field investigations. This study also demonstrates the importance of remote sensing and GIS techniques in mapping groundwater potential at the basin scale and suggests that similar methods could be applied across other river basins.

A Laboratory Watershed Model to Study the Effect of Rainfall Intensity and Soil Surface Slope on Surface Runoff Rate of Karbala Desert Soil

Precipitation generating surface runoff is very important in various water resources development and management activities such as flood control and management, irrigation scheduling, irrigation design, and drainage networks. The aim of this study is to indicate the effect of rainfall intensity and soil surface slope on the surface runoff rate of Karbala desert soil. This study was conducted on the soil of the Karbala desert in Iraq, located between the provinces of Karbala and Najaf, extended from the longitude 32o44'186'' E and latitude 44o100'960''N. In this study, a laboratory watershed model was designed and constructed to be used to examine surface runoff of the Karbala desert soil and other hydrological properties, under the influence of different precipitation intensities (1.83 cm/min, 1.67 cm/min, 0.9 cm/min, and 0.64 cm/min) and different slopes of the soil surface (0.0 %, 2.0 %, 3.3 %, and 6.7 %). A Gene Expression Programming model was used to develop an equation of the surface runoff rate for the Karbala desert soil. The results showed that the rate of surface runoff increased with increasing rainfall intensity. The highest surface runoff rate of 101.53 cm/hr was obtained when the rainfall intensity was 1.83 cm/min, while at the rainfall intensity of 0.64 cm/min, the highest value of surface runoff rate of 31.17 cm/hr was obtained. The results also showed that the slope of the soil surface has a clear effect on the surface runoff rates. The highest value of surface runoff rate of 96.82 cm/hr was obtained when the slope of the soil surface was 0.0%, while at the slope of the soil surface of 6.7%, the highest value of surface runoff rate of 101.53 cm/hr was obtained. According to the simulation results, the surface runoff rate equation created using the Gene Expression Programming model did a great job of predicting the Karbala desert soil surface runoff, with a coefficient of determination R2 equal to 0.8812 for training and 0.8155 for testing.

Agro-Pastoral Expansion and Land Use/Land Cover Change Dynamics in Mato Grosso, Brazil

Large-scale land use/land cover changes have occurred in Mato Grosso State (hereafter MT), Brazil, following the introduction of extensive mechanized agriculture and pastoral activities since the 1980s. Author investigated what kind of agro-pastoral activities which are both cattle ranching and top five crops (soybean, sugarcane, corn, cotton and rice) that are closely related to land use change on lands experiencing conversion land use change (such as deforestation and the increase in deeply anthropogenically influenced areas) at each municipal district in MT. Then, this study identifies the volume of exports including contribution ratio by municipal districts where land use changed due to agro-pastoral activities. The patterns of vegetation change indicated that cattle ranching, corn, cotton, rice croplands in the northwest, and soybean and sugarcane fields in the central areas are the main contributors to deforestation. It is shown that land use change due to soybean or corn cultivation occurs mainly in the west and the southeast, respectively. Corn cultivation is associated with a greater increase in anthropogenically influenced areas than soybean cultivation. The municipal districts that export each agro-pastoral product with land use change are limited. Exports of soybeans, corn, and cotton in the municipal districts associated with deforestation had increased dramatically after experienced land use change. For example, Sapezal, which has experienced deforestation, was the only municipal district associated with export of corn to only Switzerland. Since 2007, the number of export partners has increased to 56 countries with the export volume increased 2300 times. These findings highlight the overall non-sustainability of environmental resource development activities in MT.

Post-Training Evaluation of 2021 Class VI Administrative Leadership Training for East Nusa Province at the NTT Regional Human Resources Development Agency

Every ASN who holds this position must be equipped with adequate competencies in order to be able to answer a number of opportunities and challenges in realizing bureaucratic reform and increasing effectiveness in the delivery of public services and one of the regional institutions that carries out human resource training and development activities is the Resource Development Agency Human (BPSDMD) East Nusa Teggara Province. The type of research used in this research is a case study. Informants in this research will be selected purposively. In analyzing the data, the author uses the Miles and Huberman analysis model (1992:16) which states that qualitative data analysis is carried out interactively and continues continuously until completion, so the data becomes saturated. Activities in data analysis, namely data reduction, data display, verification/conclusion drawing. The results of the research found that on side (1) the input for the implementation of the 2021 Batch VI Administrative Leadership Training Training by BPSDMD NTT province includes supporting resources and basic materials needed to implement the 2021 Batch VI Administrative Leadership training policy, it is stated (1) Regulations (2) Availability of Budget (3) Organizers (4) Teaching Staff (5) Participants and (6) Facilities, while on side (b) The process of implementing the 2021 class VI Administrative Leadership Training training by BPSDMD NTT province includes (1) Methods learning and training (2) Effectiveness during the learning and training process as well as in (c) Output from the implementation of the Adminsitrator Leadership Training Training class VI in 2021 by BPSDMD NTT province.

Implementasi Standar Nasional Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi (SNP 010: 2011) di UIN Alauddin Makassar

This study aims to examine the implementation of the National Library Standards for Higher Education (SNP 010:2011) at UIN Alauddin Makassar library and to analyze the obstacles in the implementation of such National Library Standards. This is a descriptive research with qualitative approach. Data was collected through observation, interview and documentation techniques. The data collected was then analyzed qualitatively in three stages; data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the seven standard indicators of SNP 010: 2011; collection standards, facilities and infrastructure, services, library staff, management, implementation, as well as information and communication technology at UIN Alauddin Makassar library have met the needs of libraries and users as national standards required. However, some obstacles found in the implementation of such SNP 010: 2011, thoser are: the limited number of library staff with a librarian education background, limited funds allocated to assist the implementation of human resource development activities, managerial continuity of UIN Alauddin Makassar Library was interrupted by the shift of senior librarians to functional lecturers, and the lack of computer facilities for users to browse library materials.

Implementation of Web-based E-learning System in Automobile Industry Using Agile Model

Training is one of the most important human resource development activities in growing industries, especially the manufacturing industry. Preparing learning materials and tracking trainees' performance during a training session are the challenges faced by a local automobile manufacturing company. This project aims to develop a web-based E-learning management system for training purposes at a local automobile company. This online system will complement the traditional method for trainers in preparing learning materials and tracking trainees’ performance. In addition, this system supports in-class activities for trainees to learn and understand, explore, and exchange ideas outside the classroom, while trainers can manage and upload course materials. In order to evaluate the user acceptance towards the system, several tests were conducted. It is envisaged that the proposed system will provide a more convenient way for a local automobile company to train their trainees.

Pengaruh Tunjangan Kesejahteraan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Di Mediasi Oleh Kepuasan Kerja Pada Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (BPSDM) PROVSU

This type of research is associative research with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at the Human Resources Development Agency (BPSDM) which is a State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN) which is engaged in human resource development activities. Located at Jl. Ngalengko No.1 Perintis, East Medan District, Medan City, North Sumatra, the sample of respondents in this study was adjusted to 100 people from all employees of the Medan Human Resources Development Agency (BPSDM), the source of the data used in this study are primary and secondary data, Sub Structure I Variable Welfare Allowance (X1) of 0.371 states that every 1% addition of Welfare Allowance will increase Job Satisfaction by 0.371 or 37.1%, and vice versa if Welfare Allowance decreases by 1% then Job Satisfaction is predicted to decrease by 0.371 or 37 ,1%. Occupational Health Variable (X2) of 0.113 states that for every 1% addition of Occupational Health, it will increase Job Satisfaction by 0.113 or 11.3%, and vice versa if Occupational Health decreases by 1% then Job Satisfaction will be predicted to decrease by 0.113 or 11.3 %. Sub Structure II Variable Welfare Allowance (X1) of 0.097 states that for every additional 1% of Welfare Allowance, it will increase Employee Performance by 0.097 or 09.7%, and vice versa if Welfare Allowance decreases by 1% then Employee Performance will be predicted to decrease by 0.097 or 09.7%. The Occupational Health variable (X2) of 0.101 states that for every 1% addition of Occupational Health, it will increase Employee Performance by 0.101 or 10.1%, and vice versa if Occupational Health decreases by 1% then Employee Performance will be predicted to decrease by 0.101 or 10.1 %. The Job Satisfaction Variable (Z) of 0.668 states that every additional 1% of Job Satisfaction will increase Employee Performance by 0.668 or 66.8%, and vice versa if Job Satisfaction decreases by 1% then Employee Performance will be predicted to decrease by 0.668 or 66.8% .

Archaeological sites in Grand Canyon National Park along the Colorado River are eroding owing to six decades of Glen Canyon Dam operations

The archaeological record documenting human history in deserts is commonly concentrated along rivers in terraces or other landforms built by river sediment deposits. Today that record is at risk in many river valleys owing to human resource and infrastructure development activities, including the construction and operation of dams. We assessed the effects of the operations of Glen Canyon Dam – which, since its closure in 1963, has imposed drastic changes to flow, sediment supply and distribution, and riparian vegetation – on a population of 362 archaeological sites in the Colorado River corridor through Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, USA. We leverage 50 years of evidence from aerial photographs and more than 30 years of field observations and measurements of archaeological-site topography and wind patterns to evaluate changes in the physical integrity of archaeological sites using two geomorphology-based site classification systems. We find that most archaeological sites are eroding; moreover, most are at increased risk of continuing to erode, due to six decades of operations of Glen Canyon Dam. Results show that the wind-driven (aeolian) supply of river-sourced sand, essential for covering archaeological sites and protecting them from erosion, has decreased for most sites since 1973 owing to effects of long-term dam operations on river sediment supply and riparian vegetation expansion on sandbars. Results show that the proportion of sites affected by erosion from gullies controlled by the local base-level of the Colorado River has increased since 2000. These changes to landscape processes affecting archaeological site integrity limit the ability of the National Park Service and Grand Canyon-affiliated Native American Tribes to achieve environmental management goals to maintain or improve site integrity in situ. We identify three environmental management opportunities that could be used to a greater extent to decrease the risk of erosion and increase the potential for in-situ preservation of archaeological sites. Environmental management opportunities are: 1) sediment-rich controlled river floods to increase the aeolian supply of river-sourced sand, 2) extended periods of low river flow to increase the aeolian supply of river-sourced sand, 3) the removal of riparian vegetation barriers to the aeolian transport of river-sourced sand.

COVID-19 and Food Delivery Employees’ Workplace Safety

With the global pandemic of COVID-19 in recent years, food delivery employees’ workplace safety has been severely threatened and challenged. Thus, this study hopes to understand their real work safety and its impact. Based on the perspective of human resource development, broaden-and-build theory, and internal and external marketing activities, the study examines the relationships between safety leadership, safety training, employee well-being, service quality, and customer citizenship behavior. The results using three-wave and 498 valid employee-customer pairs (498 food delivery employees and 600 customers) from 2 food delivery companies in Taiwan showed that: (1) Safety leadership positively affects employee well-being; (2) Safety training positively affects employee well-being; (3) Employee well-being positively affects service quality; (4) Employee well-being positively affects customer citizenship behavior; (5) Employee well-being mediates the relationship between safety leadership and customer citizenship behavior, and (6) Safety training moderates the relationship between safety leadership and employee wellbeing. Research and managerial implications are discussed.

Remote Sensing Image Characteristics and Typical Area Analysis of Taiyuan Xishan Ecological Restoration Area.

The Taiyuan Xishan Ecological Restoration Zone is located in the west of Taiyuan City and belongs to the Xishan Coalfield. Due to the resource development activity of coal mining, which is caused by coal gangue accumulation, surface vegetation degradation, bare surfaces, and other phenomena, it is most common in this area. These have an impact on the surface ecology; however, after ecological restoration, the surface ecology has been greatly improved. There are many extraction models of vegetation coverage based on pixel dichotomology combined with multispectral vegetation index, but we believe that the combination of visible light vegetation index to construct models is relatively unexplored. The main problem of how to use the RGB image data in order to quickly and accurately extract vegetation coverage information is still under investigation and needs researchers' attention. In this paper, through selecting the vegetation coverage as the evaluation index of ecological restoration effect, a new RGB vegetation coverage CIVE calculation model is innovatively proposed to solve the above problem, and on the basis of this model, the vegetation cover change analysis is carried out in the Xishan ecological restoration area of Taiyuan. According to the analysis of vegetation coverage change, relevant paper data, and the characteristics of multiple historical remote sensing images, the ecological restoration area of Taiyuan Xishan is divided into six typical areas. Through empirical evaluation, we summarize and analyze these six typical areas, which can provide typical demonstration roles for other ecological restoration areas. Our findings suggest that the proposed CIVE model realizes the extraction of vegetation cover information and long-term series dynamic monitoring of vegetation coverage.

Health diagnosis of coastal zone ecosystem: China's case.

With its unique geographical location, the coastal zone has concentrated great advantages in resources, population and economy. However, with the deepening of marine resources development activities, a series of problems have emerged in the coastal zone, such as the gradual shortage of resources, the decline of environmental quality and the increase of ecological risks. The coastal zone ecosystem has shown a certain degradation trend. Maintaining the health of the coastal zone ecosystem has become the primary task of the sustainable development of the marine economy. Monitoring the coastal ecosystem carrying capacity, diagnosing the health status of the coastal ecosystem, effectively planning and managing the development and utilization of natural resources in the coastal zone, and controlling human activities related to the sea within the ecological carrying capacity and health limits of the coastal zone are of great significance to the sustainable development of society and economy in the coastal zone. In this study, the ecosystem health model, state space model and ecological health early warning principle were comprehensively applied to construct the coastal ecosystem health diagnosis framework of "Carrying type →Early warning degree →Health level;" The evaluation index system of coastal ecosystem carrying capacity was established; Taking Shandong Province as the empirical research object, the health status of the coastal ecosystem in Shandong Province was diagnosed by using the relevant data from 2007 to 2019. The empirical results show that: (1) From 2007 to 2013, the carrying capacity of the coastal ecosystem in Shandong Province was relatively good, in the state of "loadable" or "critical overload," while from 2014 to 2019, the carrying capacity was poor, in the state of "overload;" (2) From 2007 to 2013, the early warning degree of coastal ecosystem health in Shandong Province was in the state of "no alarm," "light alarm," and "medium alarm," and the health level was in the state of "very healthy," "healthy," and "sub-health;" from 2014 to 2019, the health warning level of the coastal ecosystem in Shandong Province was in the state of "serious alarm" and "extremely serious alarm," and the health level was in the state of "unhealthy" and "Morbid," and the health status was worrying; (3) The key influencing factors affecting the carrying capacity of the coastal ecosystem mainly included the output of marine mining, marine GDP, per capita marine production, total amount of main pollutants directly discharged into the sea, domestic tourist arrivals in coastal cities, area of marine nature reserves, proportion of class IV and inferior class IV seawater, average density of beach garbage in the monitoring area, number of medical and health institutions; Finally, some policy suggestions were put forward to improve the health of coastal ecosystem in Shandong Province. In the "discussion" part of this study, the consistency between the research results of this paper and the actual situation of the marine ecosystem in Shandong Province and the existing research results of the same kind is compared, and the applicability and limitations of the research methods in this paper are put forward, indicating that the research methods in this paper are more applicable to the comparative analysis under the same ideal value determination criteria.

GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONE IDENTIFICATION USING REMOTE-SENSINGBASED/GIS BASED MACHINE AND ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) FOR ABBAY WATERSHED, EAST AFRICA

This paper examines groundwater potential zones with the help of remote sensing and GIS methods for controlling and investigating the geospatial data of each parameter. Because of several conditions such as rapid population growth, urbanization, industrialization and agricultural development, groundwater sources are under severe threat. Climate change plays an important role in the quality and quantity of groundwater potential. Unreliable exploitation, poor quality of surface water resources tend to increase the decline in groundwater levels. This study was conducted in the Abbay River Basin, where groundwater serves as the main source for agricultural purposes rather than surface water. Seven selected parameters—lineament density, precipitation, geology, drainage density, land use, slope and soil data—were collected, processed, resampled, projected and reclassified for hydrological analysis. For generation of groundwater zones, weightage was calculated using an analytical hierarchy method. The consistency ratio estimated for this study was 0.089, which was acceptable for further analysis. Based on the integration of all thematic layers and the generated groundwater potential zones, the map was reclassified into five different classes, namely very good, good, moderate, poor and very poor. The results of this study reveal that 1295.33 km2 of the study area can be considered very poor, 58,913.1 km2 is poor, 131,323 km2 is moderate, 18,557 km2 is good and 311.5 km2 is very good. Any groundwater management project performed in the better regions would offer the greatest value. A similar study would be valuable before planning any water resource development activity to save comprehensive field investigations.

Pengembangan Lembaga SLB YPPC Banda Aceh dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing di Era Modernisasi

Development as an effort to improve one's technical, theoretical, conceptual and moral abilities in accordance with needs, is associated with the school of course through education and the need to achieve educational goals. In the world of education, school principals together with stakeholders strive to increase competitiveness. The purpose of this research is to describe the concept of developing SLB YPPC Banda Aceh in increasing competitiveness in the modernization era. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, namely a narrative description of the subject's behavior process in accordance with the focus of the problem under study. Data collection techniques using the method of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that YPPC Banda Aceh SLB, in developing schools to increase competitiveness is in accordance with the concept of the vision, mission and goals of the school. The quality of learning is in accordance with the national curriculum. In developing SLB YPPC Banda Aceh human resources in collaboration with parents of students, official agencies and other agencies. Facilities and infrastructure in support of human resource development activities and the development of learning activities that are real are adequately adapted to the times and technology, and SLB YPPC Banda Aceh maintains good relations with the local community and always involves the community in school activities.

Human Resource Development Activities of Young Professional Community (WELNET)

Human Resource Development Activities of Young Professional Community (WELNET)

Deterministic ship roll forecasting model based on multi-objective data fusion and multi-layer error correction

With the increasing frequency of international shipping and marine resources development activities, ship motion prediction plays an increasingly important role in ensuring the safety of offshore operations. However, in the field of ship motion prediction, the deep feature information of raw high-resolution ship motion data, as well as the predictable components in the initial prediction residuals is usually neglected. In this paper, a deterministic ship roll forecasting model based on multi-objective data fusion and multi-layer error correction is proposed. The proposed model consists of three stages, which are data pre-processing stage, multi-objective data fusion forecasting stage, and multi-layer error correction stage. To verify the stability and validity of the proposed model, an experimental study was conducted using three sets of measured ship roll motion data collected in the South China Sea from 2018 to 2020. Taking the 1-step, 5-step, and 10-step predictions of dataset #1 as an example, the RMSE values of the proposed model are 0.0130°, 0.0612°, and 0.0791°, respectively. Through three analytical experiments and four comparison experiments, it is proved that the proposed model is able to obtain accurate deterministic point forecasts, which can better assist the sailor in decision making.

공채와 경채 간 입직 경로 차이에 따른 개인가치 부합성 및 전문성에 미치는 영향성 분석 연구: 공무원의 조직지원인식 및 인적자원개발활동 선행요인을 중심으로

공채와 경채 간 입직 경로 차이에 따른 개인가치 부합성 및 전문성에 미치는 영향성 분석 연구: 공무원의 조직지원인식 및 인적자원개발활동 선행요인을 중심으로

The Effect of Training Data Series Length on the Performance of the Tank Model for Transforming Rainfall into Runoff Data Series

The Tank model by Sugawara is included in the lumped model category. As with other types of lumped models, the effectiveness of the application of the Tank model is largely determined by the parameter optimization method applied and the quantity of training data involved in the calibration process. This article proposes the Tank-DE model to transform rain data series into discharge in a watershed. The Tank-DE model is built from a combination of a simulation equation system based on the Tank model and a multi-parameter optimization equation system based on the Differential evolution (DE) Algorithm. This article also examines the sensitivity analysis of the model to study the effect of the length of the training data series involved in the calibration process on the predictive discharge quality generated by the Tank-DE model. Thus, the minimum length of the training data series can be recommended, related to the application of the model. The results of the analysis show that the Tank-DE model can present the relationship between rainfall data series and daily period discharge very well. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that there is an indication that the longer the training data series, the more quantitatively positive impact on the performance of the model. The calibration process involving a training data set for 1 year produces a very good value of the coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.94), but the indicator decreases drastically at the validation stage. The calibration process involving a relatively long training data series produces a more consistent value of the coefficient of determination. This indicates that the Tank-DE model can be an alternative solution to solve the problem of scarcity of discharge data series which is a classic problem in water resource development activities.

Peran Rekognisi Pesantren Terhadap Fungsi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0

This research aims to determine the role of Islamic boarding school recognition on the function of community empowerment in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. Qualitative research method, type of literature study. Data comes from books, journals, laws, government regulations, and other scientific articles. The results obtained are the challenge of Islamic boarding schools in the era of industrial revolution 4.0 is to improve the quality and development of human resources. The function of community empowerment in Islamic boarding schools is to improve the welfare of the Islamic boarding school and the community through human resources development activities, such as training and fieldwork practices, increasing economic strength and potential, implementing social activities, utilizing technology, and other activities according to the capacity of the Islamic boarding school. The role of Islamic boarding school recognition in the implementation of the empowerment function in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, which is to become the legal basis for the implementation of the overall community empowerment function, as well as providing assistance, both facilities and infrastructure, finance, technology, and skills training. Keywords: Islamic Boarding School Recognition; Community Empowerment; Industrial Revolution 4.0.