Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) continues to be one of the cornerstone constructs tied to organizational behavior and human resources. Indeed, both affiliative (e.g., helping) and challenging (e.g., voice) forms of citizenship are generally viewed favorably by managers and are associated with employee and organizational performance improvements. Critically, in recent years, two trends have emerged within this literature: a deeper consideration of time-based processes (i.e., how OCB unfolds over time) and an emphasis on resource-based processes (i.e., whether OCB is beneficial or depleting to employees). Although work in these areas has been fruitful, the relative newness of these trends leaves many questions still unanswered. In this symposium, we further the discussion surrounding time and resource-based processes in OCB by highlighting four papers that tackle issues associated with time utilizing various methodological approaches (e.g., longitudinal, episodic, event-based research designs), in addition to addressing how OCB both affects, and is affected by, an individual's personal and organizational resources. Overall, this symposium furthers the ongoing conversation in the OCB literature and provides a timely research agenda for the future.