Resolution Of Environmental Issues Research Articles

남북 그린데탕트 추진을 위한 국내법제 정비 방안

This paper raises the necessity and utility of environmental cooperation in the context of the climate change crisis caused by environmental pollution and the strained North-South relations influenced by the US-China rivalry. It presents a plan for the domestic legal revision needed to facilitate this. Particularly, in the case of North and South Korea, where land and sea are interconnected, a joint response to climate change is necessary, and such cooperation can be mutually beneficial. Additionally, environmental improvement projects in North Korea can enhance the quality of life of its residents, offering a humanitarian aspect and potentially not conflicting with international sanctions against North Korea. In this regard, efforts for environmental cooperation are necessary for both Koreas, and there is a considerable possibility that North Korea will respond to these efforts. According to reports submitted to the UN and others, environmental pollution in North Korea is at a serious level, and there is observed intent to seek international support for its resolution. This situation implies that the resolution of environmental issues between North and South Korea can at least be achieved within the framework of multilateral international cooperation. The South Korean government has proposed the “Green Detente” policy as part of its North Korea policy to address the problems arising from climate change in North and South Korea and East Asia. The Green Detente can be understood as a process that aims for unification through reconciliation and cooperation by enhancing mutual benefits through cooperation in the environmental sector, which is a non-political field. In a situation where political exchanges are difficult, environmental cooperation has the advantage of being less burdensome as it can be conducted through local governments, private sector, or so-called 1.5 track exchanges. However, when examining the current state of domestic legislation for promoting the Green Detente as part of this policy, several limitations and problems have been identified. Firstly, our laws do not anticipate the divided situation and are not formulated to be applicable to North Korean areas. Nor is there a special law for the promotion of Green Detente. Even if there were such a law, it would not be simple to pre-emptively legislate for various unpredictable situations. Therefore, the most useful approach currently available is to create a legislative environment for the implementation of the Green Detente policy by revising laws, particularly those governing North-South relations and laws addressing environmental pollution and disaster preparedness. A brief examination reveals that the Inter-Korean Exchange and Cooperation Act, which regulates all areas of inter-Korean exchange and cooperation, needs revision due to unnecessary and complex regulatory elements concerning environmental exchange and cooperation. Individual environmental laws lack the foundation for research and study on North Korean areas and nearly lack provisions considering the possibility of cooperation with North Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to legislate including plans for cooperation, investigation, and research on North Korean areas in the provisions for establishing basic plans in individual environmental laws. Additionally, provisions related to international cooperation may be difficult to apply to bilateral cooperation issues between North and South Korea. The revision of domestic laws should be done in a way that respects the basic principles of unification under the constitution, does not harm North-South relations, prepares for unification, and complies with international standards on environmental issues.

The influence of band bending phenomenon on photocatalytic Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction: The case of AgPd alloy nanoparticles supported on graphitic carbon nitride

The development of solar-powered systems for applications other than energy, such as photocatalytic organic reactions, will benefit in the resolution of environmental issues while also lowering production costs. In this study, the photocatalytic activity of g-CN(G)-AgPd, which was prepared by synthesizing AgPd alloy nanoparticles (NPs) on g-CN, was investigated in the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling (SMC) reaction. The photocatalytic activity of g-CN(G)-AgPd in an ethanol/water mixture at ambient temperature was discovered to be among the highest ever recorded. Under vis-light illumination, g-CN(G)-AgPd converted all of the aryl iodides and most of the aryl bromides investigated to desired coupling products in 15 min with excellent isolated yields, and it was used at least five times without significantly losing its activity. It was discovered that g-CN(G)-AgPd has significantly higher photocatalytic activity than other g-CN(X)-AgPd (X: U, T, M) Schottky junctions. This exceptional photocatalytic performance was rationalized by considering the depletion layer width, which influences the Schottky barrier properties of the nanocomposite as well as charge carrier dynamics. This study may serve as a guideline for the development of more active g-CN-based photocatalysts for SMC reactions, highlighting the effect of depletion layer width on the efficiency of the Schottky barrier.

Investigating Increased CO2 Concentration on the pH of Various Plant Species

The concept of bioremediation is quickly becoming the norm in the resolution of environmental issues. The steady increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, as documented by NASA [1], inspired scientists to engineer plants to absorb excess CO2 from the atmosphere. Here, we have explored the consequences of the uptake of excess CO2 by select plants. Carbon dioxide dissolves in H2O to produce H2CO3, which dissociates to yield H+ ions. We hypothesized that increased CO2 absorption results in decrease in pH of plant sap. Three plants (Byophyllum pinnatum, Romaine Lettuce and Nevada Lettuce), exposed to increased CO2 concentrations (15%), demonstrated a consistent increase in pH towards alkalinity compared to control plants. Based on the outcome being opposite of what we have hypothesized, our results suggest Byophyllum pinnatum, Romaine lettuce and Nevada lettuce, all have a unique homeostatic system to prevent over-absorption of CO2 in a CO2-rich environment.

Democracia ambiental e participação social

The study presented here demonstrates an analysis about democracy and its application in the resolution of environmental issues, it is intended with the present work to present the concept and dimension of democracy, as well as to establish a necessary relationship between the problematic environmental issue and the imperious one need for popular participation through the local community. The method used in the present work is the hermeneutic and analytical, where through bibliographic research and document and through the interpretation of historical perspective and current context will be made the analysis presented here. It can be concluded that environmental democracy constitutes an important means for the delineation and resolution of the growing environmental problem that permeates current events.

Aula en el Bosque, un programa costarricense de educación ambiental en el bosque tropical: efecto sobre estudiantes y opinión de los docentes

Aula en el Bosque tiene más de 3 000 estudiantes de preescolar y primaria. Aplicamos exámenes previos y posteriores por nivel a una escuela y a una escuela control. El proceso de evaluación se realizó en tres fases: A. evaluación de la comprensión e implicación del alumno en la resolución de problemas medioambientales. B. desarrollo in situ del programa en tiempo real. C. percepción de los profesores sobre el alcance del programa. Los estudiantes expuestos al programa desarrollaron su propio conocimiento del plan de estudios oficial y fortalecieron especialmente los valores y las actitudes ambientales, según lo confirmado por los profesores.

How safe are microwaves and solar power from space?

The realization of the solar power satellite (SPS) concept holds great promise for solving energy crises and improving the lot of mankind. However, it is increasingly clear that the development of SPS systems with microwave power transmission (MPT), along with the resolution of environmental issues, will be a global endeavor. It is also clear that the increasingly global economy means that sources of key components for advanced technology, with low-cost manufacturing, are outside the United States and, indeed, often in the underdeveloped parts of the world. The activities of ICES and the IEEE become very relevant in achieving the goal of rational, international safe exposure standards, as well as international consensus on regulation of RFI, such as through the (CISPR/IEC).

Environmental Issues Off To Stormy Start

At a press conference earlier this month, Rep. Sherwood L. Boehlert (R-N.Y.) declared that he expects Congress will be very active on environmental issues this year. For example, it is going to move forward with a comprehensive Superfund reform bill and a water resources development act, he said. However, to date there is mixed evidence that Congress will take a cooperative approach to environmental issues. For example, the House recently passed the Mandates Information Act (H.R. 350), a bill that enraged the environmental community and many Democrats, as well as some moderate Republicans. These critics say the bill will make it more difficult to pass any future legislation to protect the environment. If the bitter controversy over this bill is a foretaste of what's to come, there will be little resolution of environmental issues this year. H.R. 350 would allow members to raise a parliamentary objection known as a point of order to any provision ...

An Integrated Approach Towards Sustainable Development

Abstract Traditionally, industry has approached economics and resources from an esoteric, pragmatic point of view, defining "economics" in terms of profit, and "resources" as the elements required to produce that profit. Environmental regulation was once considered to be a bureaucratic fiscal annoyance, and some companies avoided expenditure on environmental issues to protect their "bottom line." Currently, the scope of environmental planning of most companies is limited to minimal compliance with environmental protection regulations. In the future, energy producers that successfully integrate economic, social, and environmental factors into their planning and management will probably dominate their business sector. World socio-economic factors, public opinion, and wellresearched predictions of future human welfare have made resolution of environmental issues an integral part of corporate decisionmaking. The recent Kyoto agreement, although viewed by many as unrealistic, is indicative of the future challenges and opportunities for which the energy sector must prepare. Industry associations and progressive companies have realized that a proactive, and even an interactive, approach to environmental decision making can translate into a competitive edge in the market place. The economy and the environment are like twins conjoined at the heart. Corporate economic and public policies, and the development of new petroleum technologies, must therefore not only address, but embrace environmental conservation and protection issues. While a comprehensive analysis of these issues is not practical within the space of a single article, a few concepts are presented herein outlining how a more holistic and integrated view of industry, profit-making, society and the environment can contribute to sustainable development. The Brundtland Commission defined sustainability as "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." They concluded unanimously that our common future depends on more sustainable forms of development. To this end, prudent and well-informed energy producers are increasingly devoting effort and budget to going beyond mere regulatory compliance and investing in comprehensive environmental impact assessments and risk management. Some companies have been concerned that working towards sustainability might prevent them from being competitive in the present world market. While government subsidies may help offset some of the costs involved in developing sustainability, it represents a short-term answer, based on false economics. In general, however, cost-benefit analyses of sustainable developments improve when the long-term perspective, involving perhaps decades, is considered. Exploitation of Renewable Resources The exploitation of renewable resources and its incorporation into the business plan of a company is an investment in sustainability. In a 1997 news release, the World Resources Institute(1) shared the findings of a joint American, German, Dutch and Japanese investigation into all four economies and their use of natural resources. The study noted that we tend to measure consumption in dollars, rather than in natural resources. It concluded that world industry has depended on dwindling non-renewable energy sources for so long, that they may be exhausted within our children's lifetime. While this statement may be somewhat alarmist and debatable, the urgency of developing renewable sources of energy is nevertheless evident.

University Students' Attitude to the Environment: An Australian/USA Comparison and the Effects of An Educational Program

AbstractSignificant differences were found between a pretest measurement of environmental attitudes of a sample of tertiary students from the USA and that of a similar sample of Australian students; the latter scored higher on the total scale used to measure attitudes, and on all but one of the subscales. After an educational program USA students showed significant increases in scores for the total scale and for all the subscales so that they scored significantly higher on two subscales than Australian students. Discussion of these changes in measured attitudes refers to the institutional processes of education, to changes in environmentalism and to notions of dependence on science and technology for the resolution of environmental issues.

The role of economics in environmental policy

Economic growth will almost certainly continue. Although there are those who dispute the compatibility between economic growth and environmental sustainability, it is likely that future economic development will be increasingly based on the principle of sustainability. Systems for decision making therefore need to be designed with this in view. A distinctive feature of the existing decision making process surrounding environmental policy is the minor role played by markets, and the predominance of government intervention in the allocation of resources. The resolution of environmental issues within the political process has been time consuming and in many cases inadequate. Critics of the market process argue that private sector agents will try to internalise benefits and externalise costs wherever possible. However, the political process also creates externalities by diffusing costs and concentrating benefits. Either way, the potential for the creation of externalities exists. Hence a combination of market-based policies with some outright regulation is suggested as a means of integrating economic and environmental considerations. There is undoubtedly more scope to use market-based mechanisms in the resolution of environmental problems. In the event of a move to a more market-orientated approach, the role of government would be more to ensure the smooth workings of the market through regulation, the provision of information and education. Direct regulation could be reserved for the more difficult environmental issues. In this paper, the potential role of market-based mechanisms in solving environmental problems is examined, with reference to some particular policy instruments.

Cognitive Strategies and the Resolution of Environmental Issues: A Second Study

Cognitive Strategies and the Resolution of Environmental Issues: A Second Study

Strategies for the Resolution of Environmental Issues

New concepts for describing an individual's resolution of environmental policy issues are developed. The main factor affecting an individual's appraisal of an environmental issue is his or her attitude. Various attitudinal responses to environmental concerns are discussed; these responses are classified as functional, reversal, wedged, and hedged. In general, an individual has more than one way of dealing with any issue. (7 references, 1 table)